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Technical Data Reports Containing Habitat Maps at Local and Regional Scales TDR MI-2

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Technical Data Reports Containing Habitat Maps at Local and Regional Scales TDR MI-2 APPENDIX AIR10-C Technical Data Reports Containing Habitat Maps at Local and Regional Scales TDR MI-2 - Juvenile Dungeness Crabs TDR PORT METRO VANCOUVER | Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Information Request Response This page is intentionally left blank ROBERTS BANK TERMINAL 2 TECHNICAL DATA REPORT Marine Invertebrates Juvenile Dungeness Crabs Prepared for: Port Metro Vancouver 100 The Pointe, 999 Canada Place Vancouver, BC V6C 3T4 Prepared by: Hemmera Envirochem Inc. 18th floor 4730 Kingsway Burnaby, BC V5H 0C6 File: 302-042.02 December 2014 Port Metro Vancouver Hemmera RBT2 – Juvenile Dungeness Crabs December 2014 Technical Report/Technical Data Report Disclaimer The Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency determined the scope of the proposed Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project (RBT2 or the Project) and the scope of the assessment in the Final Environmental Impact Statement Guidelines (EISG) issued January 7, 2014. The scope of the Project includes the project components and physical activities to be considered in the environmental assessment. The scope of the assessment includes the factors to be considered and the scope of those factors. The Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) has been prepared in accordance with the scope of the Project and the scope of the assessment specified in the EISG. For each component of the natural or human environment considered in the EIS, the geographic scope of the assessment depends on the extent of potential effects. At the time supporting technical studies were initiated in 2011, with the objective of ensuring adequate information would be available to inform the environmental assessment of the Project, neither the scope of the Project nor the scope of the assessment had been determined. Therefore, the scope of supporting studies may include physical activities that are not included in the scope of the Project as determined by the Agency. Similarly, the scope of supporting studies may also include spatial areas that are not expected to be affected by the Project. This out-of-scope information is included in the Technical Report (TR)/Technical Data Report (TDR) for each study, but may not be considered in the assessment of potential effects of the Project unless relevant for understanding the context of those effects or to assessing potential cumulative effects. Port Metro Vancouver Hemmera RBT2 – Juvenile Dungeness Crabs - i - December 2014 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Port Metro Vancouver (PMV) is assessing the potential to develop the Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project (RBT2 or the Project), a proposed new three-berth marine terminal at Roberts Bank in Delta, B.C. The Project is part of PMV’s Container Capacity Improvement Program (CCIP), a long-term strategy to deliver projects to meet anticipated growth in demand for container capacity to 2030. This technical data report describes the results of Juvenile Dungeness Crab (Metacarcinus magister) Study. Dungeness crabs support valuable commercial, recreational, and Aboriginal (CRA) fisheries throughout B.C. waters, including Roberts Bank, and are valued by local Aboriginal groups, who harvest them for food, and social and ceremonial purposes. While the importance of estuaries as nursery habitat for juvenile Dungeness crabs has been well documented, site-specific information on juvenile habitat use at Roberts Bank was lacking. The objective of this study was to examine whether juvenile crabs exhibit preferences for certain macrophyte habitats by comparing densities of juvenile crabs across different ecotypes. This was accomplished by conducting random stratified quadrat surveys over two summers (2012 and 2013). Results demonstrate that: i) there is substantial variability in densities of settling juvenile Dungeness crabs; ii) settlement is patchy in both time and space; iii) habitat preferences change as crabs grow, with Ulva (i.e., sea lettuce) and Zostera (i.e., eelgrass) beds preferred for differing developmental stages of juvenile Dungeness crabs; and, iv) age 1+ crabs are largely absent from vegetated intertidal areas at low tide, but were frequently observed in tidal channels in the low intertidal zone. Further, total percent macrophyte cover was positively correlated with crab density and negatively correlated with crab size, suggesting that age 0+ crabs settle in higher numbers in areas that offer high vegetative relief, but require less cover as they grow. Roberts Bank is used as a settlement and rearing habitat by Dungeness crabs; and the presence of age 0+ and 1+ juveniles suggests a local residence time of at least two consecutive summers. Ontogenetic shifts (i.e., change in development of an organism from one life stage to another) in habitat use were documented, and highlight the importance of Ulva, eelgrass, and tidal channels, at varying stages of juvenile development. Port Metro Vancouver Hemmera RBT2 – Juvenile Dungeness Crabs - ii - December 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................... I LIST OF ACRONYMS AND SYMBOLS ...................................................................................................... IV GLOSSARY ........................................................................................................................................... IV 1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................ 1 1.2 JUVENILE DUNGENESS CRAB OVERVIEW ................................................................................ 1 2.0 REVIEW OF AVAILABLE LITERATURE AND DATA ................................................................... 3 2.1 LIFE HISTORY & BEHAVIOUR .................................................................................................. 3 2.2 ECOLOGICAL ROLE ................................................................................................................ 4 2.3 HABITAT REQUIREMENTS AND LIMITING FACTORS ................................................................... 5 2.4 CONSERVATION STATUS AND MANAGEMENT ........................................................................... 6 2.5 SUMMARY OF PREVIOUS STUDIES AT ROBERTS BANK ............................................................. 7 3.0 METHODS ....................................................................................................................................... 8 3.1 STUDY AREA ......................................................................................................................... 8 3.2 TEMPORAL SCOPE................................................................................................................. 8 3.3 STUDY METHODS .................................................................................................................. 8 3.4 DATA ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................... 12 4.0 RESULTS ...................................................................................................................................... 13 4.1 STUDY RESULTS ................................................................................................................. 13 4.2 INCIDENTAL OBSERVATIONS ................................................................................................. 22 5.0 DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................................. 23 5.1 DISCUSSION OF KEY FINDINGS ............................................................................................. 23 5.2 DATA GAPS AND LIMITATIONS .............................................................................................. 25 6.0 CLOSURE ...................................................................................................................................... 26 7.0 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................... 27 8.0 STATEMENT OF LIMITATIONS ................................................................................................... 33 List of Tables Table 1-1 Juvenile Dungeness Crabs Study Components and Major Objectives .............................. 1 Table 4-1 Summary of Mean Percent Vegetative Cover, and Juvenile Crab Density and Carapace Width, over 2012 and 2013 Sampling Periods ................................................................. 14 Port Metro Vancouver Hemmera RBT2 – Juvenile Dungeness Crabs - iii - December 2014 List of Figures Figure 3-1 Juvenile Dungeness Crabs Study Area, Dominant Habitat Types and Proposed RBT2 Footprint at Roberts Bank ................................................................................................. 10 Figure 3-2 Sampling Locations for Juvenile Dungeness Crabs at Roberts Bank in 2012 (blue) and 2013 (green) ...................................................................................................................... 11 Figure 4-1 Presence/Absence of Juvenile Dungeness Crabs at Sampling Locations across Roberts Bank (2012) ....................................................................................................................... 15 Figure 4-2 Presence/Absence of Juvenile Dungeness Crabs at Sampling Locations
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