DOCSLIB.ORG

Analysis of the Economic Development Role of Sectoral Business

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Analysis of the Economic Development Role of Sectoral Business ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ROLE OF SECTORAL BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS IN THE RUBBER, ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL, AND AUTOMOTIVE SECTORS IN MALAYSIA, THAILAND AND VIET NAM ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ROLE OF SECTORAL BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS IN THE RUBBER, ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL, AND AUTOMOTIVE SECTORS IN MALAYSIA, THAILAND AND VIET NAM November 2016 Bureau for Employers’ Activities (ACT/EMP), Working Paper No. 16 International Labour Office ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ROLE OF SECTORAL BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS Copyright © International Labour Organization 2016 First published (2016) Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, application should be made to ILO Publications (Rights and Licensing), International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland, or by email: [email protected]. The International Labour Office welcomes such applications. Libraries, institutions and other users registered with a reproduction rights organization may make copies in accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. Visit www.ifrro.org to find the reproduction rights organization in your country. Analysis of the economic development role of Sectoral Business Associations in the rubber, electronics and electrical, and automotive sectors in Malaysia, Thailand and Viet Nam; International Labour Office, Bureau for Employers’ Activities (ACT/EMP). –Geneva: ILO, 2016. (Bureau for Employers’ Activities (ACT/EMP) working paper ; No. 16) ISBN: 9789221308225; 9789221196860 (web pdf) International Labour Office, Bureau for Employers’ Activities economic development / employers organization / input output analysis / rubber industry / electronics industry / electrical industry / motor vehicle industry / Malaysia / Thailand / Viet Nam ILO Cataloguing in Publication Data The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles, studies and other contributions rests solely with their authors, and publication does not constitute an endorsement by the International Labour Office of the opinions expressed in them. Reference to names of firms and commercial products and processes does not imply their endorsement by the International Labour Office, and any failure to mention a particular firm, commercial product or process is not a sign of disapproval. ILO publications and digital products can be obtained through major booksellers and digital distribution platforms, or ordered directly from [email protected]. For more information, visit our website: www.ilo.org/publns or contact [email protected]. IN THE RUBBER, ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL, AND AUTOMOTIVE SECTORS IN MALAYSIA, THAILAND AND VIET NAM PREFACE Business membership organizations (BMOs) are increasingly faced with a wide range of challenges posed by profound economic, political, social and technological developments. These forces are changing the traditional functions of such organizations as social partners and a bargaining agents. BMOs are also responding to other factors, such as increasing membership diversification, newly emerging policy fields and new policy actors, innovative ways of doing business and managing production and employment relationships, new pressures and opportunities and increasingly transparent environment, among others. In response, BMOs are adapting and transforming their roles and organizational models to meet the expectations of their members. Today, a multiplicity of political, economic and social demands calls for a better understanding of the role of business organizations in social and economic development, and an analysis of the evolving institutional roles and organizational functions of BMOs. The Bureau for Employers’ Activities (ACT/EMP) of the International Labour Organization has intensified its research efforts on how BMOs are changing and reacting to these challenges. The focus of this sector-specific working paper on countries in South-East Asia is sensitive to significant regional differences and responds to the need for more research on organized business in Asia. We hope the findings from this paper acts as a stimulus to on-going discussions on the wider role that sectoral associations can play in the development of the economy, sector, individual enterprises and ultimately workers and their families. Deborah France-Massin Director Bureau for Employers’ Activities International Labour Office iii ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ROLE OF SECTORAL BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS CONTENTS PREFACE III CONTENTS IV LIST OF FIGURES VI LIST OF TABLES VI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS VII ABBREVIATIONS VIII 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 OVERVIEW OF THE RUBBER, ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL (E&E), AND AUTOMOTIVE SECTORS IN MALAYSIA, THAILAND AND VIET NAM 4 2.1 Rubber sector 4 2.1.1 Economic importance 4 2.1.2 Rubber value chain structure and challenges 8 2.2 E&E sector 10 2.2.1 Economic importance 10 2.2.2 E&E value chain structure and challenges 12 2.3 Automotive sector 14 2.3.1 Economic importance 14 2.3.2 Automotive value chain structure and challenges 16 3 RECENT TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS AND CHALLENGES 19 3.1 Rubber sector 19 3.1.1 Upstream segment 19 3.1.2 Midstream segment 20 3.1.3 Downstream segment 21 3.2 E&E sector 21 3.2.1 Malaysia 22 3.2.2 Thailand 24 3.2.3 Viet Nam 26 3.3 Automotive sector 28 3.3.1 Malaysia 28 3.3.2 Thailand 29 3.3.3 Viet Nam 31 iv IN THE RUBBER, ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL, AND AUTOMOTIVE SECTORS IN MALAYSIA, THAILAND AND VIET NAM 3.4 Conclusions 33 3.4.1 Rubber 33 3.4.2 E&E 33 3.4.3 Automotive 34 4 THE ROLE AND ABILITY OF SBAS IN DRIVING TECHNOLOGY UPTAKE, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND EMPLOYMENT GROWTH 35 4.1 Rubber SBAs 35 4.1.1 MARGMA 35 4.1.2 MRPMA 37 4.1.3 MARGMA and MRPMA: Facilitating work for foreign migrant workers 39 4.1.4 Thai Rubber Products Industry Club (RPIC): Maximizing productivity 39 4.1.5 VRA 40 4.2 E&E SBAs 43 4.2.1 Malaysian American Electronics Industry and Japanese Chamber of Trade and Industry Malaysia (JACTIM): 43 Supporting E&E American and Japanese enterprises 4.2.2 TEEAM and the National Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Association of Malaysia (PIKOM): 44 Providing trade benefits, preferential interest rates and training to both national and foreign enterprises 4.2.3 Thai Embedded Systems Association: Promoting technology uptake and E&E training 44 4.2.4 Thai Electrical and Mechanical Contractors Association (TEMCA): Supporting the creation of new national standards 45 4.2.5 International Disk Drive and Equipment and Materials Association (IDEMA), Thailand 45 4.2.6 Viet Nam Electronic Industries Association (VEIA) 46 4.3 Automotive SBAs 48 4.3.1 MACPMA 48 4.3.2 TAPMA 51 4.3.3 Viet Nam’s automotive SBAs 53 4.4 Conclusions 53 CONCLUSIONS 55 REFERENCES 56 APPENDIX 63 v ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ROLE OF SECTORAL BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Natural rubber production (panel A, millions of tonnes) and area harvested for natural rubber 5 (panel B, millions of hectares), Malaysia, Thailand and Viet Nam, 1961–2013 Figure 2. Rubber exports (panel A, total in billions of current US$) and rubber share of total exports 6 (panel B, percentage), Malaysia, Thailand and Viet Nam, 1995–2015 Figure 3. Natural rubber value chain 8 Figure 4. Total employment in manufacture of electronics and electrical products and share of total 10 manufacturing employment, Malaysia, Thailand and Viet Nam, latest available year (thousands) Figure 5. Total E&E exports (Panel A, in billions of current US$) and E&E as a share of total exports 11 (Panel B, percentage), Malaysia, Thailand and Viet Nam, 1995–2015 Figure 6. Total employment in manufacture of motor vehicles and parts and share of total 14 manufacturing employment, Malaysia, Thailand and Viet Nam, latest available year (thousands) Figure 7. Automotive exports (panel A, total in billions of current US$) and automotive share of total exports 15 (Panel B, percentage), Malaysia, Thailand and Viet Nam, 1995–2015 Figure 8. Car production in selected ASEAN Member States by share, 2015 16 Figure 9. Automotive supply chain 17 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Main E&E product categories and products in Malaysia, Thailand and Viet Nam 12 Table 2. Concrete functions, activities and partners of MARGMA 36 Table 3. Concrete functions, activities and partners of MARPA 38 Table 4. Concrete functions, activities and partners of RPIC 40 Table 5. Concrete functions, activities and partners of MACPMA 49 Table 6. Concrete functions, activities and partners of TAPMA 51 vi IN THE RUBBER, ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL, AND AUTOMOTIVE SECTORS IN MALAYSIA, THAILAND AND VIET NAM ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We wish to acknowledge the contributions of numerous individuals and organizations in developing this working paper. Without their active engagement and expertise, a report of this nature would not have been possible. The contributions of the employers’ organizations from across the region were instrumental. In particular, we acknowledge the Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Summary of Malaysia's Pension Schemes
    SDD-SPPS PROJECT WORKING PAPERS SERIES: INCOME SECURITY FOR OLDER PERSONS IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC Income Security for Older Persons in Malaysia BANGKOK, 2016 PROJECT WORKING PAPERS SERIES: INCOME SECURITY FOR OLDER PERSONS IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC Acknowledgements The present paper was drafted by Muhammed Abdul Khalid, the Adjuct Visiting Fellow at the Northern Corridor Research Center at the Northern University of Malaysia (UUM). The author received guidance and comments by Srinivas Tata, and Vanessa Steinmayer, both with ESCAP, Nurhisham Hussein of Employees Provident Fund (EPF) Malaysia, Ismail Zakaria, Nor Shaafaleena Shaik Abdul Shukkor, and Sameerah Rosely of Retirement Fund Incorporated (KWAP) Malaysia, Anis Mahmood, and Yeow Chin Kiong of Malaysia’ Public Service Department (JPA) as well as Nuno Cunha, ILO. Language editing was performed by Karen Emmons and graphicdesign by Daniel Feary. This project working paper was prepared under a research project on income security for older persons, funded by the Republic of Korea. The overall research project documents existing schemes of income security for older persons in Asia and the Pacific and areas for reform. This document has been issued without formal editing. Disclaimer The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The opinions, figures and estimates set forth in this publication are the responsibility of the authors, and should not necessarily be considered as reflecting the views or carrying the endorsement of the United Nations.
    [Show full text]
  • Maternal and Neonatal Outcome of Low Risk Pregnancies in Ampang, Selangor
    International Journal for Studies on Children, Women, Elderly And Disabled, Vol. 5, (Oct.) ISSN 0128-309X 2018 MATERNAL AND NEONATAL OUTCOME OF LOW RISK PREGNANCIES IN AMPANG, SELANGOR. Hanis Hidayu Kasim, Medical Sciences (Physiology), Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [email protected] Azlina Mokhtar, Surgical Based Discipline Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [email protected] Nor Azila Noh, Medical Sciences (Physiology), Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [email protected] Maizatul Azma Masri, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [email protected] Rafidah Hanim Mokhtar Medical Sciences (Physiology), Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [email protected] ABSTRACT Risk stratifications for pregnant women are made based on patients personal history during booking visit at primary health care setup. Pregnant women that are classed as ‘low risk pregnancy’ were treated as normal pregnancy and follow a standard antenatal care. The aim of our study is to observe the demographics of low risk pregnant women in Klinik Kesihatan Ampang, Malaysia and their pregnancy outcomes. The study is part of a prospective cohort study conducted among 47 low risk pregnancies, known as ‘The effect of BPV in the maternal and neonatal outcome’. All participants were followed up until delivery and postpartum data gained from patients and clinic. The sample comprised of 28 primigravidas (59.5%) and 19 multigravidas (40.5%). At the end of the study, 3 subjects (6.4%) developed hypertension and one of them developed severe preeclampsia, 1 subject (2%) developed placenta previa and gestational diabetes mellitus and 3 subjects (6.38%) PPROM.
    [Show full text]
  • Child Marriage: Its Relationship with Religion, Culture and Patriarchy
    NATIONAL REPORT: Malaysia Child Marriage: Its Relationship with Religion, Culture and Patriarchy Building New Constituencies for Women’s Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR): Religious Fundamentalism and SRHR Sisters in Islam (SIS) NATIONAL REPORT Child Marriage: Its Relationship with Religion, Published by: Culture and Patriarchy Sisters in Islam (SIS) Sisters in Islam (SIS) No. 4 Lorong 11/8E, 46200 Petaling Jaya, Asian-Pacific Resource and Research Centre for Women Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia (ARROW) Telephone: +603-7960 3357/ 7960 5121/ 7960 6733 Fax: +603-7960 8737 ISBN: 978-983-2622-36-9 Email: [email protected] 2018 Website: www.sistersinislam.org.my Facebook: Sisters In Islam Twitter: @SistersInIslam Youtube: youtube.com/SistersInIslamMYS This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License. To Asian-Pacific Resource and Research Centre for Women view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons. (ARROW) org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. 1 & 2 Jalan Scott, Brickfields, 50470 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Telephone: +603 22739913/9914 Any part of the text of the publication may be photocopied, Fax: +603 22739916 reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted Email: [email protected] in any form by any means, or adapted and translated to Website: www.arrow.org.my meet local needs, for non-commercial and non-profit Facebook: The Asian-Pacific Resource and Research Centre purposes. However, the copyright for images used for Women (ARROW) remains with the respective copyright holders. All forms Twitter: @ARROW_Women of copies, reproductions, adaptations, and translations YouTube: youtube.com/user/ARROWomen through mechanical, electrical, or electronic means should acknowledge ARROW as the source.
    [Show full text]
  • Financialization of Malaysian Citizens
    Financialization of Malaysian Citizens A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2018 Syahirah Abdul Rahman Alliance Manchester Business School People, Management, and Organisation Table of Contents List of Figures ....................................................................................................................... 5 List of Tables ......................................................................................................................... 6 List of Abbreviations ........................................................................................................... 7 Abstract .................................................................................................................................. 8 Declaration ............................................................................................................................ 9 Acknowledgements............................................................................................................ 11 About the Author ............................................................................................................... 12 Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................... 14 1.1 Opening Remarks ................................................................................................. 14 1.2 Research Background ..............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Democracy and Social Policy in Southeast Asia: a Comparative Process Tracing Analysis
    Democracy and Social Policy in Southeast Asia: A Comparative Process Tracing Analysis FADILLAH PUTRA* Department of Public Administration, Universitas Brawijaya Jalan Veteran Malang, Ketawanggede, Malang, East Java 65145 Indonesia M. FAISHAL AMINUDDIN∗∗ Department of Political Science, Universitas Brawijaya Jalan Veteran Malang, Ketawanggede, Malang, East Java 65145 Indonesia Email: [email protected] ABSTRAK Hubungan antara demokrasi dan kebijakan sosial di Asia Tenggara adalah isu penting yang kurang mendapatkan perhatian. Secara umum, tren perbaikan kebijakan sosial sebagai bagian dari tanggung jawab pemerintah terhadap warga negaranya, tidak mengikuti tren demokratisasi. Pada negara-negara autokrasi, kebijakan sosial juga selalu menjadi agenda prioritas sehingga trennya juga semakin bagus. Studi ini menjawab pertanyaan apa yang bisa dijelaskan dari tren perbaikan kebijakan sosial yang berhubungan dengan demokratisasi di level negara? Melalui analisis comparative process tracing, studi ini menemukan bahwa terdapat perlakuan diskriminatif dalam pemberian akses pelayanan publik terhadap beberapa kelompok yang terrkait dengan kekuatan politik yang tengan mengendalikan pemerintahan. Studi ini juga menyibak beberapa faktor yang tidak banyak dijelaskan dari periodisasi perubahan kebijakan sosial di Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand dan Filipina. Kata Kunci: Asia Tenggara, demokrasi, kebijakan sosial, comparative process tracing ABSTRACT The relationship between democracy and social policy in Southeast Asia is a critical topic that has received
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Impact of Development Initiatives on Low-Income Households in Kelantan, Malaysia
    social sciences $€ £ ¥ Article Economic Impact of Development Initiatives on Low-Income Households in Kelantan, Malaysia Wan Nurulasiah binti Wan Mustapa 1, Abdullah Al Mamun 2,* ID and Mohamed Dahlan Ibrahim 1 1 Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu 16100, Kelantan, Malaysia; [email protected] (W.N.b.W.M.); [email protected] (M.D.I.) 2 Global Entrepreneurship Research and Innovation Centre (GERIC), Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu 16100, Kelantan, Malaysia * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +6-013-300-3630 Received: 11 May 2018; Accepted: 17 July 2018; Published: 23 July 2018 Abstract: To improve the socio-economic condition of low-income households, underlying organizations offer a variety of products and services such as access to working capital and training programs. This study examined the impact of access to working capital and training programs on household income and economic vulnerability among participants of AIM, TEKUN, and LKIM in Kelantan, Malaysia. Adopting a cross-sectional design, data were collected randomly from 450 micro-entrepreneurs living in seven districts in Kelantan. The finding revealed that the total amount of economic loan received, length of the programs participation, and number of hours spent on training programs had a positive effect on household income in order to decrease the level of economic vulnerability. The finding provided useful information for policies development that prioritizes poverty eradication among low-income households who were vulnerable to weak economic situation. Keywords: micro-credit; training; household income; economic vulnerability; Malaysia 1. Introduction Poverty has become a multidimensional problem in developing and underdeveloped countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Thesis
    This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ The making of a gay Muslim: social constructions of religion, sexuality and identity in Malaysia and Britain Mohd Sidik, Shanon Shah Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 25. Sep. 2021 THE MAKING OF A GAY MUSLIM: SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONS OF RELIGION, SEXUALITY AND IDENTITY IN MALAYSIA AND BRITAIN Shanon Shah Mohd Sidik PhD in the Sociology of Religion 1 Abstract This study challenges many popular views and some academic perspectives on the role of Islam and gay sexuality in personal identity construction.
    [Show full text]
  • Expatriate Students' Perceptions of Attendance and Persistence at a Private Malaysian Institution Jin Deng Walden University
    Walden University ScholarWorks Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection 2017 Expatriate Students' Perceptions of Attendance and Persistence at a Private Malaysian Institution Jin Deng Walden University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations Part of the Higher Education Administration Commons, and the Higher Education and Teaching Commons This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection at ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Walden University COLLEGE OF EDUCATION This is to certify that the doctoral study by Jin Deng has been found to be complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the review committee have been made. Review Committee Dr. Ieda Santos, Committee Chairperson, Education Faculty Dr. David Mathieu, Committee Member, Education Faculty Dr. Elsie Szecsy, University Reviewer, Education Faculty Chief Academic Officer Eric Riedel, Ph.D. Walden University 2017 Abstract Expatriate Students’ Perceptions of Attendance and Persistence at a Private Malaysian Institution by Jin Deng MSc, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2010 PG-Diploma, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2008 University Center César Ritz, 2008 PG-Diploma, University Center César Ritz, 2000 Associate, Sichuan Radio & Television University, 1997 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education Walden University October 2017 Abstract Although Malaysia primarily relies on expatriates to develop its economy, a private Malaysian institution had not examined the retention of expatriate students who might contribute toward the country’s future economy.
    [Show full text]
  • Development of an Environmental Management Framework for Sustainable Reuse of Malaysian Dredged Marine Sediments
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by UTHM Institutional Repository i DEVELOPMENT OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABLE REUSE OF MALAYSIAN DREDGED MARINE SEDIMENTS ZARINA BINTI SHAHRI A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of Master of Civil Engineering Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia MAY 2016 iii Special for: Beloved mother Siti Zubaidah Abas Siblings Suriazana, Nurehan, Taufik, Haniff and Akmal Family Mak Ngah, Pak Andak and Mak Andak Supervisor Assoc. Prof. Dr. Chan Chee Ming Co-supervisors Assoc. Prof. Dr. Angzzas Sari Mohd Kassim Dr. Norshuhaila Mohamed Sunar Supporting friends Junita Abd Rahman, Amira Azhar, Nurasia Mira Anuar, Nadzirah Roslan, Siti Nuraen Jaharudin, Nurdiana, Nurul Fariha, Rashiedah, Hartini, Nurasyikin, RECESS and FKAAS team and my dearest best friends, Rosfarina Roslan, Mohd Akmal Abu Bakar and Khairudin Sakury Love all of you iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the name of Allah, The Most Gracious and Merciful. Alhamdulillah, first of all, I would like to express my deepest appreciation and sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Assoc. Prof. Dr.Chan Chee Ming for her invaluable guidance, advices, supports, encouragements, knowledge, ideas and time. Without her interest and encouragement, this study would never be completed. Thank you to my co-supervisors, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Angzzas Sari Mohd Kassim and Dr. Norshuhaila Mohamed Sunar for advices, knowledge and guidance for this study. Mdm Siti Zubaidah Abas, thank you very much for the pray, motivation, strength and scarification during my study is the most valuable things in my life.
    [Show full text]
  • Does Macroeconomic and Political Issue Affect Exchange Rate in Malaysia?
    Group A011 DOES MACROECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ISSUE AFFECT EXCHANGE RATE IN MALAYSIA? BY BEH SEW LUAN CHONG HUI YOKE THIVYARANI A/P VISIONATHAN TRISSNA A/P DURAISINGAM YOLANDA TAN LAY ANN A research project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (HONS) BANKING AND FINANCE UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN FACULTY OF BUSINESS AND FINANCE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AUGUST 2016 Does Macroeconomic and Political Issue Affect Exchange Rate in Malaysia? Copyright@2016 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this paper may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, graphic, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, without the prior consent of the authors. Undergraduate Research Project II Faculty Business and Finance Does Macroeconomic and Political Issue Affect Exchange Rate in Malaysia? DECLARATION We hereby declare that: (1) This undergraduate research project is the end result of our own work and that due acknowledgement has been given in the references to ALL sources of information be they printed, electronic, or personal. (2) No portion of this research project has been submitted in support of any application for any other degree or qualification of this or any other university, or other institutes of learning. (3) Equal contribution has been made by each group member in completing the research project. (4) The word count of this research report is 17528 words. Name of Students: Students ID: Signature: 1. BEH SEW LUAN 13ABB07697 2. CHONG HUI YOKE 13ABB07168 3. THIVYARANI A/P VISIONATHAN 13ABB07422 4. TRISSNA A/P DURAISINGAM 13ABB06832 5.
    [Show full text]
  • “AUTISM” in Malaysia
    JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL & DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITY, 2017 VOL. 42, NO. 1, 74–89 http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13668250.2016.1196657 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Wellbeing of mothers of children with “A-U-T-I-S-M” in Malaysia: An interpretative phenomenological analysis study Kartini Iliasa,c, Jeanette Hui Jean Liawa, Kim Cornishb , Miriam Sang-Ah Parka and Karen Jennifer Goldena aJeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia; bSchool of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; cDepartment of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia ABSTRACT KEYWORDS Background This qualitative study aimed to explore how mothers gave meaning to their ASD; culture; wellbeing; experiences of raising a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Malaysia. qualitative; Asian; Malaysia; Methods Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, semistructured interviews were parent; resilience conducted with 8 Malaysian mothers from different ethnic backgrounds (4 Chinese, 3 Malays, and 1 Indian). Results Three themes for the mothers’ adaptation and wellbeing development were identified, including Problem realisation within the context: Learning to spell A-U-T-I-S-M in Malaysia, WE are living with autism, and Resilient overcoming: Climbing Mount Kinabalu. The mothers viewed their child’s ASD symptoms and behaviour problems (e.g., hyperactivity and sleep difficulties) as taking a toll on wellbeing. However, coping strategies, including acceptance, proactive mindset, character growth, spirituality, and parent support networks, fostered wellbeing. Conclusion Both intrapersonal and interpersonal protective processes were important. The findings suggested that Seligman’s (2011) PERMA framework may be applicable to understanding parental wellbeing.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment Reform in Malaysia: Policy Into Practice in Primary Schools
    Assessment Reform in Malaysia: Policy into Practice in Primary Schools Marcelina John University of Stirling Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2018 Copyright The copyright of this thesis belongs to the author under the terms of the United Kingdom Copyright Acts as qualified by the University of Stirling Regulation for Higher Degrees by Research. Due acknowledgement must always be made of the use of any material contained, or derived from, this thesis. Declaration I declare that I have composed this thesis myself and that it embodies the results of my own research. Where appropriate, I have acknowledged the nature and extent of work carried out in collaboration with others included in the thesis. Marcelina John i Acknowledgements I owe my deepest gratitude to the Malaysian Ministry of Education for trusting my capabilities and believing in my dreams of pursuing my PhD. Without the financial assistance of the scholarship they provided, my ‘big’ dreams might not have been fulfilled. My sincere appreciation is given to my dedicated supervisors, Professor Mark Priestley and Dr. Joseph Smith for their tremendous help and support in guiding me to complete this study. It would have been impossible to have completed this research without their guidance. I would also like to thank Professor Fiona Copland and Professor Louise Hayward for providing valuable guidance in writing this thesis. To my colleagues (Mook, Ream, Akpo, Tom, Seela, Steph, and Vive), thank you for your precious advice and help throughout this challenging PhD journey. To all of my PhD colleagues and the staff at the University of Stirling, thank you for your assistance and hospitality which made me feel at home.
    [Show full text]