Non-Foster Circuit Design and Stability Analysis for Wideband
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Smith Chart Tutorial
Frank Lynch, W4FAL Smith Charts Frank A. Lynch W 4FA L Page 1 24 April 2008 “SCARS” http://smithchart.org Frank Lynch, W4FAL Smith Chart History • Invented by Phillip H. Smith in 1939 • Used to solve a variety of transmission line and waveguide problems Basic Uses For evaluating the rectangular components, or the magnitude and phase of an input impedance or admittance, voltage, current, and related transmission functions at all points along a transmission line, including: • Complex voltage and current reflections coefficients • Complex voltage and current transmission coefficents • Power reflection and transmission coefficients • Reflection Loss • Return Loss • Standing Wave Loss Factor • Maximum and minimum of voltage and current, and SWR • Shape, position, and phase distribution along voltage and current standing waves Page 2 24 April 2008 Frank Lynch, W4FAL Basic Uses (continued) For evaluating the effects of line attenuation on each of the previously mentioned parameters and on related transmission line functions at all positions along the line. For evaluating input-output transfer functions. Page 3 24 April 2008 Frank Lynch, W4FAL Specific Uses • Evaluating input reactance or susceptance of open and shorted stubs. • Evaluating effects of shunt and series impedances on the impedance of a transmission line. • For displaying and evaluating the input impedance characteristics of resonant and anti-resonant stubs including the bandwidth and Q. • Designing impedance matching networks using single or multiple open or shorted stubs. • Designing impedance matching networks using quarter wave line sections. • Designing impedance matching networks using lumped L-C components. • For displaying complex impedances verses frequency. • For displaying s-parameters of a network verses frequency. -
The Role of Anti-Resonance Frequencies from Operational Modal Analysis in finite Element Model Updating
ARTICLE IN PRESS Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 21 (2007) 74–97 www.elsevier.com/locate/jnlabr/ymssp The role of anti-resonance frequencies from operational modal analysis in finite element model updating D. Hansona,Ã, T.P. Watersb, D.J. Thompsonb, R.B. Randalla, R.A.J. Forda aUniversity of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia bInstitute of Sound and Vibration Research, Universtiy of Southampton, UK Received 13 September 2005; received in revised form 29 December 2005; accepted 4 January 2006 Available online 15 March 2006 Abstract Finite element model updating traditionally makes use of both resonance and modeshape information. The mode shape information can also be obtained from anti-resonance frequencies, as has been suggested by a number of researchers in recent years. Anti-resonance frequencies have the advantage over mode shapes that they can be much more accurately identified from measured frequency response functions. Moreover, anti-resonance frequencies can, in principle, be estimated from output-only measurements on operating machinery. The motivation behind this paper is to explore whether the availability of anti-resonances from such output-only techniques would add genuinely new information to the model updating process, which is not already available from using only resonance frequencies. This investigation employs two-degree-of-freedom models of a rigid beam supported on two springs. It includes an assessment of the contribution made to the overall anti-resonance sensitivity by the mode shape components, and also considers model updating through Monte Carlo simulations, experimental verification of the simulation results, and application to a practical mechanical system, in this case a petrol generator set. -
MECHANICS Don, Don, 2020- N
Vestnik of Don State Technical University. 2020. Vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 118–124. ISSN 1992-5980 eISSN 1992-6006 MECHANICS UDC 539.3 https://doi.org/10.23947/1992-5980-2020-20-2-118-124 Transverse vibrations of a circular bimorph with piezoelectric and piezomagnetic layers A. N. Solov'ev, Do Thanh Binh, O. N. Lesnyak Don State Technical University (Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation) Introduction. Transverse axisymmetric oscillations of a bimorph with two piezo-active layers, piezoelectric and piezomagnetic, are studied. This element can be applied in an energy storage device which is in an alternating magnetic field. The work objective is to study the dependence of resonance and antiresonance frequencies, and electromechanical coupling factor, on the geometric parameters of the element. Materials and Methods. A mathematical model of the piezoelement action is a boundary value problem of linear magneto-electro-elasticity. The element consists of three layers: two piezo-active layers (PZT-4 and CoFe2O4) and a centre dead layer made of steel. The finite element method implemented in the ANSYS package is used as a method for solving a boundary value problem. Results. A finite element model of a piezoelement in the ANSYS package is developed. Problems of determining the natural frequencies of resonance and antiresonance are solved. Graphic dependences of these frequencies and the electromechanical coupling factor on the device geometrics, the thickness and radius of the piezo-active layers, are constructed. Discussion and Conclusions. The results obtained can be used under designing the working element of the energy storage device due to the action of an alternating magnetic field. -
A Review of Electric Impedance Matching Techniques for Piezoelectric Sensors, Actuators and Transducers
Review A Review of Electric Impedance Matching Techniques for Piezoelectric Sensors, Actuators and Transducers Vivek T. Rathod Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; [email protected]; Tel.: +1-517-249-5207 Received: 29 December 2018; Accepted: 29 January 2019; Published: 1 February 2019 Abstract: Any electric transmission lines involving the transfer of power or electric signal requires the matching of electric parameters with the driver, source, cable, or the receiver electronics. Proceeding with the design of electric impedance matching circuit for piezoelectric sensors, actuators, and transducers require careful consideration of the frequencies of operation, transmitter or receiver impedance, power supply or driver impedance and the impedance of the receiver electronics. This paper reviews the techniques available for matching the electric impedance of piezoelectric sensors, actuators, and transducers with their accessories like amplifiers, cables, power supply, receiver electronics and power storage. The techniques related to the design of power supply, preamplifier, cable, matching circuits for electric impedance matching with sensors, actuators, and transducers have been presented. The paper begins with the common tools, models, and material properties used for the design of electric impedance matching. Common analytical and numerical methods used to develop electric impedance matching networks have been reviewed. The role and importance of electrical impedance matching on the overall performance of the transducer system have been emphasized throughout. The paper reviews the common methods and new methods reported for electrical impedance matching for specific applications. The paper concludes with special applications and future perspectives considering the recent advancements in materials and electronics. -
Admittance, Conductance, Reactance and Susceptance of New Natural Fabric Grewia Tilifolia V
Sensors & Transducers Volume 119, Issue 8, www.sensorsportal.com ISSN 1726-5479 August 2010 Editors-in-Chief: professor Sergey Y. Yurish, tel.: +34 696067716, fax: +34 93 4011989, e-mail: [email protected] Editors for Western Europe Editors for North America Meijer, Gerard C.M., Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands Datskos, Panos G., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA Ferrari, Vittorio, Universitá di Brescia, Italy Fabien, J. Josse, Marquette University, USA Katz, Evgeny, Clarkson University, USA Editor South America Costa-Felix, Rodrigo, Inmetro, Brazil Editor for Asia Ohyama, Shinji, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan Editor for Eastern Europe Editor for Asia-Pacific Sachenko, Anatoly, Ternopil State Economic University, Ukraine Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Massey University, New Zealand Editorial Advisory Board Abdul Rahim, Ruzairi, Universiti Teknologi, Malaysia Djordjevich, Alexandar, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Ahmad, Mohd Noor, Nothern University of Engineering, Malaysia Donato, Nicola, University of Messina, Italy Annamalai, Karthigeyan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science Donato, Patricio, Universidad de Mar del Plata, Argentina and Technology, Japan Dong, Feng, Tianjin University, China Arcega, Francisco, University of Zaragoza, Spain Drljaca, Predrag, Instersema Sensoric SA, Switzerland Arguel, Philippe, CNRS, France Dubey, Venketesh, Bournemouth University, UK Ahn, Jae-Pyoung, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Korea Enderle, Stefan, Univ.of Ulm and KTB Mechatronics GmbH, Germany -
Series Impedance and Shunt Admittance Matrices of an Underground Cable System
SERIES IMPEDANCE AND SHUNT ADMITTANCE MATRICES OF AN UNDERGROUND CABLE SYSTEM by Navaratnam Srivallipuranandan B.E.(Hons.), University of Madras, India, 1983 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF APPLIED SCIENCE in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Department of Electrical Engineering) We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA, 1986 C Navaratnam Srivallipuranandan, 1986 November 1986 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of The University of British Columbia 1956 Main Mall Vancouver, Canada V6T 1Y3 Date 6 n/8'i} SERIES IMPEDANCE AND SHUNT ADMITTANCE MATRICES OF AN UNDERGROUND CABLE ABSTRACT This thesis describes numerical methods for the: evaluation of the series impedance matrix and shunt admittance matrix of underground cable systems. In the series impedance matrix, the terms most difficult to compute are the internal impedances of tubular conductors and the earth return impedance. The various form u hit- for the interim!' impedance of tubular conductors and for th.: earth return impedance are, therefore, investigated in detail. Also, a more accurate way of evaluating the elements of the admittance matrix with frequency dependence of the complex permittivity is proposed. -
Impedance Matching
Impedance Matching Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. Introduction The plasma industry uses process power over a wide range of frequencies: from DC to several gigahertz. A variety of methods are used to couple the process power into the plasma load, that is, to transform the impedance of the plasma chamber to meet the requirements of the power supply. A plasma can be electrically represented as a diode, a resistor, Table of Contents and a capacitor in parallel, as shown in Figure 1. Transformers 3 Step Up or Step Down? 3 Forward Power, Reflected Power, Load Power 4 Impedance Matching Networks (Tuners) 4 Series Elements 5 Shunt Elements 5 Conversion Between Elements 5 Smith Charts 6 Using Smith Charts 11 Figure 1. Simplified electrical model of plasma ©2020 Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. IMPEDANCE MATCHING Although this is a very simple model, it represents the basic characteristics of a plasma. The diode effects arise from the fact that the electrons can move much faster than the ions (because the electrons are much lighter). The diode effects can cause a lot of harmonics (multiples of the input frequency) to be generated. These effects are dependent on the process and the chamber, and are of secondary concern when designing a matching network. Most AC generators are designed to operate into a 50 Ω load because that is the standard the industry has settled on for measuring and transferring high-frequency electrical power. The function of an impedance matching network, then, is to transform the resistive and capacitive characteristics of the plasma to 50 Ω, thus matching the load impedance to the AC generator’s impedance. -
Maintenance of Remote Communication Facility (Rcf)
ORDER rlll,, J MAINTENANCE OF REMOTE commucf~TIoN FACILITY (RCF) EQUIPMENTS OCTOBER 16, 1989 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION FEDERAL AVIATION AbMINISTRATION Distribution: Selected Airway Facilities Field Initiated By: ASM- 156 and Regional Offices, ZAF-600 10/16/89 6580.5 FOREWORD 1. PURPOSE. direction authorized by the Systems Maintenance Service. This handbook provides guidance and prescribes techni- Referenceslocated in the chapters of this handbook entitled cal standardsand tolerances,and proceduresapplicable to the Standardsand Tolerances,Periodic Maintenance, and Main- maintenance and inspection of remote communication tenance Procedures shall indicate to the user whether this facility (RCF) equipment. It also provides information on handbook and/or the equipment instruction books shall be special methodsand techniquesthat will enablemaintenance consulted for a particular standard,key inspection element or personnel to achieve optimum performancefrom the equip- performance parameter, performance check, maintenance ment. This information augmentsinformation available in in- task, or maintenanceprocedure. struction books and other handbooks, and complements b. Order 6032.1A, Modifications to Ground Facilities, Order 6000.15A, General Maintenance Handbook for Air- Systems,and Equipment in the National Airspace System, way Facilities. contains comprehensivepolicy and direction concerning the development, authorization, implementation, and recording 2. DISTRIBUTION. of modifications to facilities, systems,andequipment in com- This directive is distributed to selectedoffices and services missioned status. It supersedesall instructions published in within Washington headquarters,the FAA Technical Center, earlier editions of maintenance technical handbooksand re- the Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center, regional Airway lated directives . Facilities divisions, and Airway Facilities field offices having the following facilities/equipment: AFSS, ARTCC, ATCT, 6. FORMS LISTING. EARTS, FSS, MAPS, RAPCO, TRACO, IFST, RCAG, RCO, RTR, and SSO. -
THE UNIVERSITY, BRISTOL, BS8 Lhr, ENGLAND DEVELOPMENT of ANTIRESONANCE FORCE ISOLATORS for HELICOPTER VIBRATION REDUCTION
SIXTH EUROPEAN ROTORCRAFT AND POWERED LIFT AIRCRAFT FORUM PAPER NO, 18 DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIRESONANCE FORCE ISOLATORS FOR HELICOPTER VIBRATION REDUCTION D. Braun Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm GmbH Munich, Germany September 16-19, 1980 Bristol, England THE UNIVERSITY, BRISTOL, BS8 lHR, ENGLAND DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIRESONANCE FORCE ISOLATORS FOR HELICOPTER VIBRATION REDUCTION D. Braun Messerschmitt-B6lkow-Blohm GmbH Munich, Germany Abstract One method of reduction of the rotor induced cabin vibrations consists of seperating the helicopter fuselage dynamically from the rotor-transmission unit by use of convenient isolator elements. An example of such a device is one which is essentially formed by the parallel connection of a spring and a passive force generator, and which works according to the well known antiresonance principle. This paper deals with the development of two different types of uni axial antiresonance force isolators. They are suitably arranged at several points, in different operating directions, as connecting members between gearbox and fuselage, to obtain multiaxis vibration isolation. One of these isolators is a conventional model; the other one is a novel type distingui shed by very low inherent damping, total symmetrical arrangement of all com ponents, and simple wear-resistant design. Sufficiently exact theoretical descriptions are developed for both isolator types. The effectiveness of the presented force isolators is tested by use of an uniaxial functional model by which the free-free condition of the flying helicopter -
On Antiresonance in the Forced Response of Mistuned Bladed Disks
Shock and Vibration 10 (2003) 135–146 135 IOS Press On antiresonance in the forced response of mistuned bladed disks Keith Jones and Charles Cross Propulsion Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 1950 Fifth Street, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433-7251, USA Received 14 January 2002 Revised 2 September 2002 Abstract. Mistuning in bladed disks usually increases the forced response of the maximum responding blade leading to shortened component life in turbine engines. This paper investigates mistuning using a transfer function approach where the frequency response functions (FRFs) are described by natural frequencies and antiresonant frequencies. Using this approach, antiresonant frequencies are shown to be a critical factor in determining the maximum blade response. Two insights are gained by formulating antiresonant frequencies as the eigenvalues of reduced system matrices: 1) Mistuning a particular blade has no effect on that blade’s antiresonant frequencies. 2) Engine orders N and N/2, where N is the number of blades on the disk, tend to produce the highest maximum local response. Numerical examples are given using a spring-mass-oscillator model of a bladed disk. Pole-zero loci of mistuned bladed disks show that increased maximum blade response is often due to the damping of antiresonant frequencies. An important conclusion is that antiresonant frequencies can be arranged such that a mistuned bladed disk has a lower maximum blade response than a tuned bladed disk. Nomenclature x Displacement degree of freedom A Mistuning amplification -
EEEE-816 Design and Characterization of Microwave Systems
EEEE-816 Design and Characterization of Microwave Systems Dr. Jayanti Venkataraman Department of Electrical Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester, NY 14623 March 2008 EE816 Design and Characterization of Microwave Systems I. Course Structure - 4 credits II. Pre-requisites – Microwave Circuits (EE717) and Antenna Theory (EE729) III. Course level – Graduate IV. Course Objectives Electromagnetics education has been rejuvenated by three emerging technologies, namely mixed signal circuits, wireless communication and bio-electromagnetics. As hardware and software tools continue to get more sophisticated, there is a need to be able to perform specific tasks for characterization and validation of design, working within the capabilities of test equipment, and the ability to develop corresponding analytical formulations There are two primary course objectives. (i) Design of experiments to characterize or measure specific quantities, working with the constraints of measurable quantities using the vector network analyzer, and in conjunction with the development of closed form analytical expressions. (ii) Design, construction and characterization of microstrip circuitry and antennas for a specified set of criteria using analytical models, and software tools and measurement techniques. Microwave measurement will involve the use of network analyzers, and spectrum analyzers in conjunction with the probe station. Simulated results will be obtained using some popular commercial EM software for the design of microwave circuits and antennas. -
An Analysis of Precision Methods of Capacitance Measurements at High Frequency
Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 1949 An analysis of precision methods of capacitance measurements at high frequency Peale, William Trovillo Annapolis, Maryland. U.S. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/31643 AN ANALYSIS OF PRECISION METHODS OF C.APACITAJ.~CE MEASUREMENTS AT HIGH FREQ,UENCY Vi. T. PE.A.LE Library U. S. Naval Postgraduate School Annapolis. Mel. .AN ANALYSIS OF PRECI3ION METHODS OF CAPACITAl.'WE MEASUREMEN'TS AT HIGH FREQ,UENCY by William Trovillo Peale Lieutenant, United St~tes Navy Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in ENGINEERING ELECTRONICS United States Naval Postgraduate School Annapolis, Maryland 1949 This work is accepted as fulfilling ~I the thesis requirements for the degree of W~TER OF SCIENCE in ENGII{EERING ~LECTRONICS <,,"". from the ! United States Naval Postgraduate School / Chairman ! () / / Department of Electronics and Physics 5 - Approved: ,.;; ....1· t~~ ['):1 :.! ...k.. _A.. \.-J il..~ iJ Academic Dean -i- PREFACEI The compilation of material for this paper was done at the General Radio Company, Cambridge, Massachusetts, during the winter term of the third year of the post graduate Electronics course. The writer wishes to take this opportunity to express his appreciation and gratitude for the cooperation extended by the entire Company and for the specific assistance rendered by Mr. Rohert F. Field and Mr. Robert A. Soderman. -ii- TABLE OF CONT.~NTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS CF~TER I: I~~ODUCTION 1 1. Series Resonance Methods. 2 2. Parallel Resonance Methods. 4 3. Voltmeter-Mlli~eterMethod. 7 4. Bridge Methods 8 5.