Patterns and Trajectories in Memory Shaping
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Josephus As Political Philosopher: His Concept of Kingship
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2017 Josephus As Political Philosopher: His Concept Of Kingship Jacob Douglas Feeley University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons, and the Jewish Studies Commons Recommended Citation Feeley, Jacob Douglas, "Josephus As Political Philosopher: His Concept Of Kingship" (2017). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 2276. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2276 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2276 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Josephus As Political Philosopher: His Concept Of Kingship Abstract Scholars who have discussed Josephus’ political philosophy have largely focused on his concepts of aristokratia or theokratia. In general, they have ignored his concept of kingship. Those that have commented on it tend to dismiss Josephus as anti-monarchical and ascribe this to the biblical anti- monarchical tradition. To date, Josephus’ concept of kingship has not been treated as a significant component of his political philosophy. Through a close reading of Josephus’ longest text, the Jewish Antiquities, a historical work that provides extensive accounts of kings and kingship, I show that Josephus had a fully developed theory of monarchical government that drew on biblical and Greco- Roman models of kingship. Josephus held that ideal kingship was the responsible use of the personal power of one individual to advance the interests of the governed and maintain his and his subjects’ loyalty to Yahweh. The king relied primarily on a standard array of classical virtues to preserve social order in the kingdom, protect it from external threats, maintain his subjects’ quality of life, and provide them with a model for proper moral conduct. -
Jewish Folk Literature
Oral Tradition, 14/1 (1999): 140-274 Jewish Folk Literature Dan Ben-Amos For Batsheva Four interrelated qualities distinguish Jewish folk literature: (a) historical depth, (b) continuous interdependence between orality and literacy, (c) national dispersion, and (d) linguistic diversity. In spite of these diverging factors, the folklore of most Jewish communities clearly shares a number of features. The Jews, as a people, maintain a collective memory that extends well into the second millennium BCE. Although literacy undoubtedly figured in the preservation of the Jewish cultural heritage to a great extent, at each period it was complemented by orality. The reciprocal relations between the two thus enlarged the thematic, formal, and social bases of Jewish folklore. The dispersion of the Jews among the nations through forced exiles and natural migrations further expanded the themes and forms of their folklore. In most countries Jews developed new languages in which they spoke, performed, and later wrote down their folklore. As a people living in diaspora, Jews incorporated the folklore of other nations while simultaneously spreading their own internationally known themes among the same nations. Although this reciprocal process is basic to the transmission of folklore among all nations, it occurred more intensely among the Jews, even when they lived in antiquity in the Land of Israel. Consequently there is no single period, no single country, nor any single language that can claim to represent the authentic composite Jewish folklore. The earliest known periods of Jewish folklore are no more genuine, in fact, than the later periods, with the result that no specific Jewish ethnic group’s traditions can be considered more ancient or more JEWISH FOLK LITERATURE 141 authentic than those of any of the others.1 The Biblical and Post-Biblical Periods Folklore in the Hebrew Bible Descriptions of Storytelling and Singing The Hebrew Bible describes both the spontaneous and the institutionalized commemoration of historical events. -
King David's Double Recognition at Hebron According to Josephus
RCatT XXXI/2 (2006) 269-281 © Facultat de Teologia de Catalunya KING DAVID’S DOUBLE RECOGNITION AT HEBRON ACCORDING TO JOSEPHUS Christopher BEGG 1. Introduction 2 Sam 5,1-3 and 1 Chr 11,1-3 tell a largely similar story of David’s recogni- tion as king by a group of Israelites at Hebron. Whereas this is the only such happening in Samuel, the Chronicler goes on, after an extended interlude (11,4– 12,22) dealing with other matters,1 to relate a similar such happening in 12,23- 40. Josephus too, in his Antiquitates judaicae (hereafter Ant. 7.53-60)2 narrates a two-stage pan-Israelite acclamation of David’s kingship at Hebron. In contrast to the Chronicler, however, the historian recounts the two moments of the king’s recognition back-to-back, just as his presentation of both moments evidences numerous differences vis-à-vis the biblical account(s). In this essay then I wish to focus on the Josephan version of David’s encounters with the Israelites who come to him at Hebron. More specifically, my study will address several wider questions: (1) In recounting the initial Hebron happening did Josephus draw on both (slightly different) accounts in 2 Sam 5,1-3 and 1 Chr 11,1-3 or rather did he limit himself to one of these to the exclusion of the other? (2) Can anything be ascertained about the text-form(s) of 2 Sam 5,1-3 and/or 1 Chr 11,1-3; 12,23- 40 used by Josephus? And (3) What sort of rewriting techniques has Josephus 1. -
Athaliah, a Treacherous Queen: a Careful Analysis of Her Story in 2 Kings 11 and 2 Chronicles 22:10-23:21
Athaliah, a treacherous queen: A careful analysis of her story in 2 Kings 11 and 2 Chronicles 22:10-23:21 Robin Gallaher Branch School of Biblical Sciences & Bible Languages Potchefstroom Campus North-West University POTCHEFSTROOM E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Abstract Athaliah, a treacherous queen: A careful analysis of her story in 2 Kings 11 and 2 Chronicles 22:10-23:21 This article presents a critical look at the story of the reign of Athaliah, the only ruling queen of Israel or Judah in the biblical text. Double reference in 2 Kings and 2 Chronicles shows her story’s importance and significance to the biblical writers. The largely parallel accounts read like a contemporary soap opera, for they contain murder, intrigue, harem politics, religious upheaval, and coup and counter-coup. Her story provides insights on the turbulent political climate of the ninth century BC. However, the purpose of the biblical writers is not to show Athaliah as the epitome of evil or that all women in power are evil. Opsomming Atalia, ’n verraderlike koningin: ’n noukeurige analise van haar verhaal in 2 Konings 11 en 2 Kronieke 22:10-23:21 In hierdie artikel word die verhaal van Atalia krities nagegaan. Atalia was naamlik die enigste koninging van Israel of Juda wie se regeringstyd in die Bybelteks verhaal word. Die dubbele verwysings na hierdie tyd in 2 Konings en 2 Kronieke dui op die belangrikheid en betekenis van haar verhaal vir die Bybel- skrywers. Die twee weergawes wat grotendeels parallelle weer- gawes is, lees byna soos ’n hedendaagse sepie, want hierdie verhale sluit elemente in soos moord, intrige, harempolitiek, godsdiensopstand, staatsgreep en kontrastaatsgreep. -
Josephus Writings Outline
THE WARS OF THE JEWS OR THE HISTORY OF THE DESTRUCTION OF JERUSALEM – BOOK I CONTAINING FROM THE TAKING OF JERUSALEM BY ANTIOCHUS EPIPHANES TO THE DEATH OF HEROD THE GREAT. (THE INTERVAL OF 177 YEARS) CHAPTER 1: HOW THE CITY JERUSALEM WAS TAKEN, AND THE TEMPLE PILLAGED [BY ANTIOCHUS EPIPHANES]; AS ALSO CONCERNING THE ACTIONS OF THE MACCABEES, MATTHIAS AND JUDAS; AND CONCERNING THE DEATH OF JUDAS. CHAPTER 2: CONCERNING THE SUCCESSORS OF JUDAS; WHO WERE JONATHAN AND SIMON, AND JOHN HYRCANUS? CHAPTER 3: HOW ARISTOBULUS WAS THE FIRST THAT PUT A DIADEM ABOUT HIS HEAD; AND AFTER HE HAD PUT HIS MOTHER AND BROTHER TO DEATH, DIED HIMSELF, WHEN HE HAD REIGNED NO MORE THAN A YEAR. CHAPTER 4: WHAT ACTIONS WERE DONE BY ALEXANDER JANNEUS, WHO REIGNED TWENTY- SEVEN YEARS. CHAPTER 5: ALEXANDRA REIGNS NINE YEARS, DURING WHICH TIME THE PHARISEES WERE THE REAL RULERS OF THE NATION. CHAPTER 6: WHEN HYRCANUS WHO WAS ALEXANDER'S HEIR, RECEDED FROM HIS CLAIM TO THE CROWN ARISTOBULUS IS MADE KING; AND AFTERWARD THE SAME HYRCANUS BY THE MEANS OF ANTIPATER; IS BROUGHT BACK BY ABETAS. AT LAST POMPEY IS MADE THE ARBITRATOR OF THE DISPUTE BETWEEN THE BROTHERS. CHAPTER 7: HOW POMPEY HAD THE CITY OF JERUSALEM DELIVERED UP TO HIM BUT TOOK THE TEMPLE BY FORCE. HOW HE WENT INTO THE HOLY OF HOLIES; AS ALSO WHAT WERE HIS OTHER EXPLOITS IN JUDEA. CHAPTER 8: ALEXANDER, THE SON OF ARISTOBULUS, WHO RAN AWAY FROM POMPEY, MAKES AN EXPEDITION AGAINST HYRCANUS; BUT BEING OVERCOME BY GABINIUS HE DELIVERS UP THE FORTRESSES TO HIM. -
Hebrew Names and Name Authority in Library Catalogs by Daniel D
Hebrew Names and Name Authority in Library Catalogs by Daniel D. Stuhlman BHL, BA, MS LS, MHL In support of the Doctor of Hebrew Literature degree Jewish University of America Skokie, IL 2004 Page 1 Abstract Hebrew Names and Name Authority in Library Catalogs By Daniel D. Stuhlman, BA, BHL, MS LS, MHL Because of the differences in alphabets, entering Hebrew names and words in English works has always been a challenge. The Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) is the source for many names both in American, Jewish and European society. This work examines given names, starting with theophoric names in the Bible, then continues with other names from the Bible and contemporary sources. The list of theophoric names is comprehensive. The other names are chosen from library catalogs and the personal records of the author. Hebrew names present challenges because of the variety of pronunciations. The same name is transliterated differently for a writer in Yiddish and Hebrew, but Yiddish names are not covered in this document. Family names are included only as they relate to the study of given names. One chapter deals with why Jacob and Joseph start with “J.” Transliteration tables from many sources are included for comparison purposes. Because parents may give any name they desire, there can be no absolute rules for using Hebrew names in English (or Latin character) library catalogs. When the cataloger can not find the Latin letter version of a name that the author prefers, the cataloger uses the rules for systematic Romanization. Through the use of rules and the understanding of the history of orthography, a library research can find the materials needed. -
“Wheat from the Chaff” — Establishing the Canon
Wheat from the Chaff Establishing the Canon Donald E. Knebel May 21, 2017 Slide 1 1. This is the last presentation in this series looking at the human authors and contexts of the books that make up the Protestant Bible. 2. Today, we will look at how the books in the Bible were selected. 3. In the process, we will look at some other writings that were not selected. 4. We will then consider what it means that the Bible is the word of God. Slide 2 1. The Jewish Bible, on which the Protestant Old Testament is based, includes 24 individual books, organized into three sections – the Torah, meaning Teachings; the Nevi’im, meaning Prophets, and the Ketuvim, meaning Writings. 2. The Jewish Bible is called the Tanakh based on the first letter of the three sections. 3. Scholars remain uncertain about exactly when and how those 24 books were selected, with most believing the final selection did not take place until about 100 A.D. 4. By that time, most of the books comprising the New Testament had been written and Christianity had begun to separate from Judaism. Slide 3 1. At the time most of the books of the Protestant Old Testament were being written, the Jewish people did not have a conception of a single book that would encompass all their most important writings. 2. Instead, they had writings from various periods, some considered more reliable than others and all considered subject to revision and replacement. 3. In about 400 A.D., the prophet Nehemiah reported that Ezra had read to the people “the book of the law of Moses,” but says nothing about any other books being important at the time. -
Texte Im Dialog Mark Solomon
“Wisdom has built her house” (Prov. 9:1) th 49 International Jewish-Christian Bible Week משלי – The Book of Proverbs 23rd to 30th July 2017 TEXTS IN DIALOGUE STREAMS TO THE OCEAN OF WISDOM : REFLECTIONS ON BEN SIRA 24 Mark L. Solomon Although the Book of Ben Sira 1 was preserved in Greek, and became part of the Christian scrip- tures for the Eastern and Roman Catholic Churches, it was by no means unknown among Jews. Veronika 2 mentioned the Hebrew manuscripts found in the Cairo Genizah, and then later at Ma- sada and Qumran. Alone among the books of the Apocrypha, Ben Sira is also quoted several times in the Talmud as a source of wisdom, and even designated, in one passage, as part of the Ketuvim , the sacred writings. 3 In another passage the Rabbis debate whether it is proper to cite the book of Ben Sira and derive teachings from it. Rav Joseph is sceptical, but every verse of Ben Sira that he raises as problematic turns out to be quite kosher! 4 One of the most intriguing bits of evidence of the book’s Jewish popularity in former ages is the mention, by the great 10 th -century Baghdad authority Saadiah Gaon, of a Hebrew manuscript he had seen which contained cantilla- tion marks, indicating that people may have been chanting it as Scripture. 5 A striking feature of Ben Sira’s style is his use of extended similes, sometimes attaining almost epic quality. This technique is very pronounced in Chapter 24, and yesterday Veronika discussed the way Wisdom compares herself to a tree – in fact many trees (I count seven trees, seven aromatic plants, and the grape vine to crown them all, a symbolic total of 15). -
Assisted Reproduction in Jewish Law Daniel B
Fordham Urban Law Journal Volume 30 | Number 1 Article 5 2002 Assisted Reproduction in Jewish Law Daniel B. Sinclair Tel Aviv College of Management Academic Studies, Law School Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ulj Part of the Religion Law Commons Recommended Citation Daniel B. Sinclair, Assisted Reproduction in Jewish Law, 30 Fordham Urb. L.J. 71 (2002). Available at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ulj/vol30/iss1/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by FLASH: The orF dham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. It has been accepted for inclusion in Fordham Urban Law Journal by an authorized editor of FLASH: The orF dham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Assisted Reproduction in Jewish Law Cover Page Footnote Professor of Jewish and Comparative Biomedical Law, Tel Aviv College of Management Academic Studies, Law School. LL.B. (Hons.); LL.M.; LL.D. Ordained Rabbi and formerly Rabbi of the Edinburgh Hebrew Congregation and Dean of Jews College (London). This article is available in Fordham Urban Law Journal: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ulj/vol30/iss1/5 ASSISTED REPRODUCTION IN JEWISH LAW Daniel B. Sinclair* I. ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION USING THE HUSBAND'S SPERM ("AIH"): JEWISH AND CATHOLIC POSITIONS This Section is devoted to a survey of Jewish law, or halakhah, in relation to AIH, and a comparative discussion of Jewish and Cath- olic approaches to reproductive technology in general. AIH ac- counts for a small proportion of artificial insemination cases, and is recommended in situations where the husband suffers from ana- tomical defects of his sexual organ or from severe psychological impotence. -
A Doorkeeper in the House of My
John Smith A Doorkeeper in the Dr. John Smith is Professor of Old Testament Studies at the Canadian Reformed Theological Seminary in Hamilton, Ontario House of My God [email protected] Speech given at the 2011 Convocation of the Canadian Origins Reformed Theological Seminary. Gatekeepers were not unique to Israel. Other nations too had temples for their gods, complete Mr. Chairman, Governors, Colleagues, Graduates, with temple personnel. It stands to reason that they Brothers and Sisters in the Lord: “I would rather be a also had temple guards to restrict access and to doorkeeper in the house of my God than dwell in the protect treasures. There is no evidence in Scripture, tents of the wicked.” You probably recognize those however, that Israel’s gatekeeping institution derived words from Psalm 84. “One day in the Lord’s courts is from surrounding cultures. Rather it is rooted in the better than a thousand elsewhere.” I’d rather be a redemptive history of God’s people. doorkeeper. What is a doorkeeper, and does it even Standing guard at the entrance to God’s house, the matter? Some would say, “No.” Not much has been doorkeeper was a reminder that communion with God written on the topic. According to John Wesley Wright, is a privilege not to be taken lightly in a sinful world. the gatekeepers of the tabernacle “have not proven an The Garden of Eden did not need gatekeepers, until area deemed worthy of scholarly energies.”1 And if it Adam and Eve became unrighteous and unholy; then barely hits the radar for Old Testament scholars, should God “drove the man out, he placed on the east side it matter to any of us? I hope to persuade you this of the Garden of Eden cherubim and a flaming sword evening that it does. -
Demon at the Doorstep: Lilith As a Reflection of Anxieties and Desires in Ancient, Rabbinic, and Medieval Jewish Sexuality Lauren Kinrich Pomona College
Claremont Colleges Scholarship @ Claremont Pomona Senior Theses Pomona Student Scholarship 2011 Demon at the Doorstep: Lilith as a Reflection of Anxieties and Desires in Ancient, Rabbinic, and Medieval Jewish Sexuality Lauren Kinrich Pomona College Recommended Citation Kinrich, Lauren, "Demon at the Doorstep: Lilith as a Reflection of Anxieties and Desires in Ancient, Rabbinic, and Medieval Jewish Sexuality" (2011). Pomona Senior Theses. Paper 4. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/4 This Open Access Senior Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Pomona Student Scholarship at Scholarship @ Claremont. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pomona Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Scholarship @ Claremont. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DEMON AT THE DOORSTEP: LILITH AS A REFLECTION OF ANXIETIES AND DESIRES IN ANCIENT, RABBINIC, AND MEDIEVAL JEWISH SEXUALITY BY LAUREN KINRICH SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF RELIGIOUS STUDIES OF POMONA COLLEGE IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ARTS PROFESOR ERIN RUNIONS PROFESSOR OONA EISENSTADT APRIL 22, 2011 O you who fly in (the) darkened room(s) Be off with you this instant, this instant, Lilith Thief, breaker of bones. ACKNOWLEGEMENTS I would like to thank, first and foremost, Professors Erin Runions and Oona Eisenstadt, for providing me with so much inspiration, and for being, each in your own way, exactly the kind of readers and advisors I needed. To Professor Runions, for inspiring me to pursue this path, for guiding me through Religious Studies at Pomona, for pushing my thesis to greater depth and rigor than I would have thought I could produce, and for your constant insight and encouragement. -
A Pilgrimage Through the Old Testament
A PILGRIMAGE THROUGH THE OLD TESTAMENT ** Year 2 of 3 ** Cold Harbor Road Church Of Christ Mechanicsville, Virginia Old Testament Curriculum TABLE OF CONTENTS Lesson 53: OLD WINESKINS/SUN STOOD STILL Joshua 8-10 .................................................................................................... 5 Lesson 54: JOSHUA CONQUERS NORTHERN CANAAN Joshua 11-15 .................................................................................................. 10 Lesson 55: DIVIDING THE LAND Joshua 16-22 .................................................................................................. 14 Lesson 56: JOSHUA’S LAST DAYS Joshua 23,24................................................................................................... 19 Lesson 57: WHEN JUDGES RULED Judges 1-3 ...................................................................................................... 23 Lesson 58: THE NORTHERN CONFLICT Judges 4,5 ...................................................................................................... 28 Lesson 59: GIDEON – MIGHTY MAN OF VALOUR Judges 6-8 ...................................................................................................... 33 Lesson 60: ABIMELECH AND JEPHTHAH Judges 9-12 .................................................................................................... 38 Lesson 61: SAMSON: GOD’S MIGHTY MAN OF STRENGTH Judges 13-16 .................................................................................................. 44 Lesson 62: LAWLESS TIMES Judges