The Final Phase of Tropical Lowland Conditions in the Axial Zone of The
Journal of South American Earth Sciences 39 (2012) 157e169 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Journal of South American Earth Sciences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jsames The final phase of tropical lowland conditions in the axial zone of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia: Evidence from three palynological records D. Ochoa a,b,*, C. Hoorn c, C. Jaramillo a, G. Bayona d, M. Parra e, F. De la Parra f a Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843, Balboa, 03092 Ancon, Panama b Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University e ETSU, Johnson City, TN 37614-14850, USA c Paleoecology and Landscape Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands d Corporación Geológica ARES, Calle 44A #53-96, Bogotá, Colombia e Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA f Instituto Colombiano del Petróleo - Ecopetrol, Km 7 vía Piedecuesta-Bucaramanga, Colombia article info abstract Article history: Deformation of the Eastern Cordillera, as a double-verging thrust belt that separates the Magdalena Received 10 May 2011 Valley from the Llanos Basin, is a defining moment in the history of the northern Andes in South America. Accepted 2 April 2012 Here we examine the age and depositional setting of the youngest stratigraphic unit in three sectors of the Eastern Cordillera: (i) the Santa Teresa Formation (western flank), (ii) the Usme Formation (southern Keywords: central axis), and (iii) the Concentración Formation (northeastern central axis). These units were Eastern Cordillera deposited prior to the main Neogene deformation events.
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