Presidential Retreat for the Armed Forces, Police and Other Security Agencies ARMED FORCES, POLICE AND

niianews Newsletter of the Nigerian Institute of International Affairs

Volume 1 No. 5 January - March, 2006 In this issue: PRESIDENTIAL RETREAT FOR THE - Presidential Retreat for the Armed Forces, Police and Other Security Agencies ARMED FORCES, POLICE AND

- Inauguration of the Council of OTHER SECURITY AGENCIES the Nigerian Institute of Inter- national Affairs

- NIIA Council Holds First Meeting

- Conference on Federalism and Ethnicity in Africa.

- The 8th Claude Ake Memorial Lecture.

- NIIA Seminars: . Importance of Technology in International Relations. . The Rise of China and India: What's in it for Africa?

- NIIA Library Marks Interna- tional Women's Day Celebration

- NIIA Holds Census Exhibition

- Courtesy Visit by Bruce Fenton to NIIA L-R: Prof. U. Joy Ogwu, Engr Fidelis Ogbogoh, Comptroller General, Federal Fire Service and General Aliyu Mohammed Gusau, National Security Adviser at the presidential retreat in - UN Appointment for DG, NIIA Lagos Security Adviser, General Aliyu service relations of the nations security Mohammed Gusau. Also in attendance agencies such as: were: the Governor of Lagos State, Senator Ahmed Bola Tinubu, the . the effects of inter-service clashes on Chief of Defense Staff, General national security, Alexander Ogomudia, the Chief of Army Staff, General Martin Luther . public perception of frequent inter- Agwai, the Chief of Naval Staff Rear service clashes; and Admiral Adekeye and the Chief of Air Staff, Air Marshall Jonah Wuyep, . how the various security organizations Inspector General of Police, Mr. Sunday Ehindero, Comptroller of Immigration, Mr. Chukwumah Udeh, Comptroller of Customs, Mr. Buba Gyang and Comptroller of Prisons, Mr. L-R: Prof. U. Joy Ogwu, General Aliyu Uche Kalu, Comptroller of FFR, Engr Gusau and Gov. Bola Tinubu Fidelis Ogbogoh. Others present at the he Presidency organized a retreat event were the Directors General of for the armed forces, police and the Nigerian Intelligence Agency and otherT security agencies to address the the State Security Service Mr. Uche problems arising from recent clashes Okeke and Col. Kayode Are between the personnel of the various respectively, Chief Executive Officers security organizations in the country. of the Nigerian Civil Defense and The retreat which took place between Security Corps, Dr. Ade Abodunrin, January 30 and February 3, 2006 at and the Federal Road Safety Corps the Lecture Theatre of the NIIA, was Major General Hananiya, and some declared open by the President, personnel from various security Commander-in-Chief of Armed organizations. Prof. U. Joy Ogwu presenting NIIA Forces, Chief Olusegun Obasanjo, The retreat addressed some key plaque to Governor Bola Tinubu who was represented by the National issues that have bearing on the inter- 1 in the country can work together INAUGURATION OF THE COUNCIL OF THE NIGERIAN to INSTITUTE OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS ensure security of lives and property so that all can be seen to be working as a for the citizens of Nigeria. team, united in achieving their institutional At the end of the five-day retreat, goals and objectives. The Council participants were exposed to the Chairman and members are: various dimensions of the problem 1. Mallam Abba Dabo - Chairman of inter-service conflicts. It was 2. Alh. Saadu A. Abdullahi- Member agreed that through teamwork, 3. Dr. Musa Ahmed Musa - Member frequent communication and 4. Princess Remi Olajumoke- Member dialogue, inter security clashes can 5. Mr. Ugbaja D. Michael - Member be avoided and the security of the 6. Senator Illah Gada - Member country ensured. 7. Mallam Jubrin Maigari - Member 8. Prof. U. Joy Ogwu - Member Mallam Abba Dabo, Chairman, NIIA 9. Prof. Mike Kwanashie - Member Governing Council 10. Prof. Chinedu Nebo- Member 11. Prof. Bayo Okunade - Member he Secretary to the Government of 12. Prof. Sonni G. Tyoden - Member the Federation, Chief Ufot J. Ekaette, CFR,T mni, on behalf of the President and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, Chief Olusegun Obasanjo A group photograph of the members of inaugurated the Council of the NIIA on the armed forces and top government Friday, March 3, 2006 in Abuja. Chief officials present at the retreat Ekaette enjoined the Chairman and the members of the Council to live up to the confidence reposed in them by the President by showing commitment to service and contributing their utmost best towards achieving the mission of the Institute. Chief Ekaette also expressed A group photograph at the maiden meeting governments expectation that the of the NIIA Governing Council members members of the Governing Council would bring their various experiences NIIA COUNCIL HOLDS FIRST to bear on their assignment in MEETING enhancing the performance of the ollowing its inauguration by the A cross section of the audience at the Institute, and to assist in fulfilling its President on Friday March 3, 2006, the retreat mandate. He also emphasized the need CouncilF of the Nigerian Institute of for cooperation and good relationship International Affairs (NIIA) held its first between the Council and the meeting on Friday March 17, 2006 at the management of the Institute in the Conference Chambers of the Institute. The performance of their functions. He meeting which was attended by all the concluded by highlighting the need for members of the Council, started around Council members and the management 10.30a.m and adjourned at 5:20pm. It to create and maintain a good level of discussed major issues concerning the mutual respect, trust and confidence administration and activities of the Institute.

L-R: Chief of Air Staff, Air Marshall Jonah Wuyep, General Aliyu Gusau and Prof. U. Joy Ogwu

Editors: Alli, W.O.

Egom, P.A. R-L: Princess Remi Olajumoke, Prof. U. Joy Ogwu and Mallam Abba Dabo Mr Tunde Emmanuel, ICT Systems Engineer Newsletter Committee: inspecting books at the NIIA Bookshop (right) briefing the Council Chairman and Hameed, A.A. - Chairman members on NIIA ICT services

Bolarinwa, J. CONFERENCE ON FEDERALISM AND George, F.O. ETHNICITY IN AFRICA he NIIA in collaboration with the Emmanuel, B.S. TRoyal Institute of International Ubi, E. Affairs (Chatham House) jointly organized a Pan-African Conference, Wapmuk, S. sponsored by the British Council, on Federalism and Ethnicity between Nwogu, K. February 20 and 23, 2006. The Conferences participants were drawn from civil society, non-governmental niianews is published by: Prof. Mike Kwanashie inspecting NIIA organizations, academia and NIIA Publications Committee ICT facility 2 niianews - Newsletter of the NIIA • Transparency 3. Ethnicity in Africa - by Professor Furthermore, he noted that democratic Okwudiba Nnoli; consolidation in Nigeria would mean that 4. Ethnic Federalism in Africa? - by Dr. democracy is entrenched and its gains Merera Gudina and Professor Sam are being delivered. He also argued that Oyovbaire; the democracy Africa needs is that which 5. The Case for Unitary Government - gives popular power, empowerment and by H.E. Mrs. Edna Adan Ismail, emancipation to the African people. Somaliland Foreign Affairs Minister; However, the process of democratization and; in Nigeria has been dis-empowering due 6. Does it Matter? - by Prof. Mahmood to lack of tolerance, lack of dialogue, Mamdani and Dr. Muzong Kodi. poverty and corruption in the country. L-R: Chief Emeka Anyaoku, Prof. Ibidapo In addition to the presentations and the He concluded that success in Obe and Prof. U. Joy Ogwu. discussions at plenary sessions democratizing Nigeria depends on how participants also had intensive debates we address these basic challenges in government agencies from 25 and discussions at breakout sessions. the country today. countries within and outside Africa. The At the end of the conference, a main objective of the conference was summary session chaired by Mr. Alex NIIA SEMINAR: THE DIASPORA to address the problems of ethnicity and Vines of Chatham House was held to QUESTION IN NIGERIAS federalism and other systems of harmonize the views and positions that INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS governance in African countries. emerged. While declaring the conference open, s part of its regular seminar series, the President of the Federal Republic the NIIA held a seminar on: The of Nigeria, Chief Olusegun Obasanjo DiasporaA Question in Nigerias represented by the Vice-Chancellor, International Relations, on Thursday University of Lagos, Prof. Ibidapo Obe, 9th February 2006 at the Institutes pointed out that in the course of post- Conference Chamber. independence development of Africa, The guest speaker was Prof. Ebere one of the most difficult problems Onwundiwe, a political economist and confronting African states remains the Director of the Centre for African issue of an appropriate framework for Studies at the Wilberforce University, organizing governmental structures Ohio, USA. In his presentation, the given the multinational and multiethnic erudite scholar made a distinction composition of almost all African states. between what he called the old The President urged the participants to L-R: Prof. W. O. Alli, Mrs Edna Adan Diaspora and the new Diaspora. The review in greater detail the many ups Ismail and Prof. U. Joy Ogwu (OFR) former refers to those who were taken and downs and dynamics of federalism to the new world during the era of th on the continent and beyond using NIIA HOSTS THE 8 CLAUDE AKE slavery, while the latter are those who Nigerias federalism as a point of MEMORIAL LECTURE went on their own accord in search of departure. he NIIA hosted the 8th Claude Ake greener pastures. According to Prof. In her welcome address, the Director Memorial Lecture on Tuesday, Onwundiwe, the old Diaspora is very General of NIIA, Prof. U. Joy Ogwu TFebruary 28, 2006. The lecture was political, idealistic and civil rights- (OFR), stated that the conference organized by the Centre for Advanced oriented, while the new Diaspora is reflects a desire to cultivate and nurture Social Science (CASS), which was more open, professional and have a new generation of leaders in Africa founded by the late and erudite scholar, stronger sense of attachment to their by giving them the much needed Professor Claude Ake, in 1992. The original home countries and roots. This, exposure to the critical problem areas Centre is devoted to research in the among other reasons is because they of federalism and the complexities social sciences and the application of have dual citizenship. He concluded that accompanying ethnic diversities which knowledge to development. The in terms of contributions to national many African countries face. She Annual Lecture is part of the development in the home countries, the expressed the hope that critical issues programmes and events organized by new Diaspora are more committed, and defining the specific character of the Centre in memory of the make more remittances than the old. federalism and ethnicity would be raised outstanding political economist, pan He then suggested that the Diaspora and evaluated to the benefit of all. Africanist and distinguished social should be involved in national political In the course of the four-day scientist, who until his death devoted and developmental process as well as conference, the following papers were his life to working for the progress of in the conduct of international relations. presented by resource persons: Africa.

1. Unity or Independence? Federalism The well attended 2006 memorial Vs Unitary government by Professor lecture titled Democratization in Rajeev Bhargava; Nigeria: Problems and Prospects was 2. An African Federal Union? - by delivered by Professor Attahiru Jega, Professor Joy U. Ogwu and Professor the Vice chancellor, Bayero University, Adele Jinadu; Kano. In his lecture, Professor Jega pointed out that democratization is distinct from democracy. Democratization is a process by which L-R: Prof. Ebere Onwundiwe and Prof. governance is driven constitutionally, W.O. Alli. leading to consolidation of democracy. Even though several variants of liberal NIIA SEMINAR: IMPORTANCE OF democracy have been exported to TECHNOLOGY IN INTERNATIONAL Africa in the wake of the third wind of RELATIONS democracy, Prof Jega noted that a genuine democracy must embody the he NIIA held a seminar on the following characteristics:- TImportance of Technology in • Representation International Relations on Wednesday, • Participation March 1, 2006. The seminar was L-R: Mr Alex Vines, Prof. U. Joy Ogwu, Mr • Responsive and responsible delivered by Engr. C. J. Adiele, Richard Brown, Director of British Council, governance Managing Consultant, Jaconsult, Lagos Nigeria and Prof W. O. Alli, Director of • Equality before the law Research, NIIA • Fairness and justice niianews - Newsletter of the NIIA 3 and was attended by scholars and DG NIIA APPOINTED CHAIRMAN practitioners from the academic UN ADVISORY BOARD ON THE NIIA LIBRARY MARKS community, private and government DISARMAMENT MATTERS INTERNATIONAL WOMENS DAY organizations. CELEBRATION In his presentation, Engr. Adiele arch 8 every year is observed as explained that technology is the the International Womens Day, a application of research findings, dayM when nations celebrate womanhood techniques and methodologies to the and women around the world are solution of defined problems of a given encouraged to achieve their full society in a given environment. He potentials. This years theme is: stressed that the main goal of Women in Decision-Making: Meeting technology is the improvement of the Challenges, Creating Change. The NIIA well being of a nation and since a nation Library joined other organisations cannot have all its needs, the need to around the world to observe the relate with other nations arises. This International Womens Day by mounting is where technology impacts on an exhibition of books and press international relations. clippings showing women in different The following points emerged from his roles: women as peace builders, presentation and the discussions that women in politics, women and war, followed: women and human rights, women and * For technology to work and create religion etc. The exhibition lasted from proper and lasting wealth, resources Professor U. Joy Ogwu (OFR), Director- March 8 to 13, 2006. The exhibition was within are not enough, hence a nation General, Nigerian Institute of Interna- well received by members of the public needs to throw its borders open for tional Affairs particularly students from some tertiary resources from outside. institutions around Lagos and other * If technology is not patronized, it dies he Secretary General of the United guests who found it informative and naturally. Nations has appointed The Director educative. * Application of technology to GenerT al, Prof. U. Joy Ogwu, OFR the development would allow for wealth Chairman of the UN Advisory Board on creation in the economy. Disarmament Matters for 2006. * If the system of technology cannot In a congratulatory letter to the be maintained, production drops. Director General dated March 21, 2006, * Nations should negotiate for access President Olusegun Obasanjo who to technology. Japan negotiated to use described the appointment as well technology discovered by other deserved noted that the honour countries. Nigeria should do likewise. derives undoubtedly from Prof. Ogwus NIIA SEMINAR: THE RISE OF uncommon sense of duty and the CHINA AND INDIA: WHATS IN IT exceptional patriotic zeal with which FOR AFRICA? you have discharged your he NIIA organized a seminar on responsibilities both as Director The Rise of China and India: Whats General of the NIIA and as a member Tin it for Africa? at the Institutes of the UN Advisory Board on Conference Chamber on Tuesday, Disarmament Matters. The President L-R: Mallam Abba Dabo, Professor U. March 7, 2006. The seminar drew wished the Director General well. Joy Ogwu (OFR) and Mrs Q. Folasade participants from the academic, Professor Ogwu is the third woman and Coker, Director, Library and Documen- diplomatic and business communities the first black woman to hold the tation Services during the NIIA Library including Ambassador V.N. Chibundu, position in the history of the United Exhibition. Chairman/Founder, Nigeria-China Nations. The Director General has been a member of the Board since 2003. Friendship Association and members of NIIA HOLDS CENSUS EXHIBITION the research department of NIIA. The Guest Speaker was Mr. Andrea COURTESY VISIT BY MR BRUCE n line with the responsibilities of the Goldstein, Senior Economist, FENTON TO NIIA Readers and Bibliographic Section of Organization for Economic Cooperation theI NIIA Library, an exhibition on and Development (OECD), Paris, r. Bruce Fenton, an Analyst on Sub- Population and Census was mounted France. MSaharan Africa from the Privy from the March 13-16, 2006 as part of The topic of the seminar generated a Council Office, Ottawa, Canada paid a public awareness activities for the lot of interest as the speaker presented courtesy visit on the Director General National Population and Housing Census a rich collection of data on the many of the NIIA, Prof. U. Joy Ogwu on held across Nigeria in March 2006. On dimensions of the rise of China and February 27, 2006. Mr. Fenton was display were materials and publications India. The presentation raised key accompanied by Mr. Christopher relating to population and census issues as follows: Duggan of the Canadian High including, books, journals, press * How does Africa stand to benefit from Commission. The main purpose of the clippings, pamphlets etc. The the rise of the Asian giants? visit was to know about the role of NIIA organizers believed that the exhibition * How should Africa exploit the in foreign policy formulation. They would help the public to be better expected windfall in raw materials were received and briefed by the informed about census and its past export to China? Director General, Prof. U. Joy Ogwu, problems. The exhibition was well * What are the prospects for long-term who informed them that the NIIA received by members of the public development and poverty eradication conducts research on various aspects including members of the NIIA Council on the continent of Africa in view of the of international relations and provides who were attending the Council Meeting growing influence of China and India policy options for the government. at the time of the exhibition. on the continent?

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