Page 1 of 5 Landscaping Guideline: to Avoid

The following plants are either harmful (e.g. as an irritant or toxic when eaten), or can spread easily and invade bushland and should not be used for landscaping or screening.

Trees Eucalyptus (or Corymbia) Gum Trees Other • Lemon Scented Gum (Eucalyptus citriodora) • Bazillian, broadleaf, Californian or Japanese Pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) • Spotted Gum (Eucaluptus maculata) • Bitter almond (Prunus dulcis) • Sugar Gum (Eucalyptus cladocalyx) • Black bean, Morton Bay chestnut (Castanospermum Palms australe) • Cotton Palm (Washingtonia filifera and robosta) • Black locust, false acacia, robinia (Robinia • Date Palm (Phoenix calieriensis) psuedoacacia and cultivars) • Pigmy Date Palm (Phoenix robelini) • Cape lilac, White cedar (Melia azedarach) Pines • Castor oil (Ricinus communis) • Bunya Bunya Pine (Araucaria bidwillii) • Fruit trees (Apricot, Loquat, Peach) • Maritime Pine (Pinus pinaster) • Kurrajong (Brachychiton populneus) • Montrey Pine (Pinus radiata) • Olive (Olea europea) • Norfolk Island Pine (Araucaria heterophylla) • Tagasaste or Tree Lucerne (Chamaecytisus palmensis - formerly Cytissus prolifera) • Rhus (Toxicodenidro, Rhus spp.) • Tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima) Wattles • Tung-oil tree (Vernicia fordii) • Cootamundra Wattle (Acacia baileyana) • Weeping Willow (Salix babylonica) • Early Black Wattle (Acacia decurrens) • Flinders Range Wattle (Acacia iteaphylla) • Queensland Silver Wattle (Acacia podalyriifolia) • Silver Wattle (Acacia dealbata) • Sydney Golden Wattle (Acacia longifolia)

7 Orchard Avenue Armadale T: (08) 9399 0111 Western Australia 6112 F: (08) 9399 0184 Locked Bag 2 Armadale [email protected] Western Australia 6992 www.armadale.wa.gov.au Page 2 of 5 Landscaping Guideline: Plants to Avoid (continued)

Shrubs and Brasses Taller Than 15cm • African Corn Flag (Chasmanthe floribunda) • False jasmine, yellow jasmine (Gelsemium spp.) • African milk bush (Synadenium grantii) • Fishtail palm (Caryota mitis) • Agave, Century plant (Agave americana) • Gladiolus species including Long Tubed Painted Lady (Gladiolus undulates, Gladiolus caryophyllaceus and • Aloe vera (Aloe vera) Gladiolus angustus) • Angel’s trumpet (Brugmansia spp. (syn Datura spp.)) • Harlequin (Sparaxis bulbifera) • Apple of Sodom (Solanum sodomaeum, S. • Hellebore (Helleborus spp. and cultivars) linnaeanum) • Hemlock (Conium maculatum) • Arum Lilly (Zantedeschia aethiopica) • Jerusalem cherry, ornamental chilli (Solanum • Asclepias, milkweed or cotton bush (Asclepias spp. pseudocapsicum) (syn. Gomphocarpus spp.)) • Lantana species (Lantana camara) • Autumn crocus (Colchicum autumnale) • Naked lady, pencil bush ( tirucalli) • Bamboo or Giant Reed (Arundo donax) • Narrow- cotton bush, swan plant (Gomphocarpus • Blackberries (Rubis spp) fruticosus (syn. Asclepias fruticosa)) • nightshade (Solanum nigrum) • Nettle, stinging nettle (Urtica spp.) • Blue Lupin or Sandplain Lupin (Lupinus cosentinii) • Nicotiana (Nicotiana tabacum) • Bracken fern (Pteridium esculentum) • Oleander (Nerium oleander) • Broom (All Genista species – except G. monsperma) • Osteospermum species • Bushmans poison, Wintersweet (Acokanthera • Pampus Grass (Cortaderia sellona) spectabilis) • Pieris (Pieris japonica) • Caladium (Caladium spp.) • Rose Pelargonium (Pelargonium capitatum) • Cassava (Manihot esculenta) • Rubber tree (Calotropis procera and Ficus elastica) • Cestrum, Jessamine (Cestrum spp.) • Rue (Ruta graveolens) • Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) • Swamp Hibiscus (Hibiscus diversifolius) • Chilli (Capsicum spp.) • Tambookie Grass (Hyparrhenia hirta) • Coral bush (Jatropha podagrica) • Tree Mallow (Lavarta arborea) • Cottoneaster species (Cottoneaster glaucophyllus and Cottoneaster pannosus) • Veldt daisy (Dimorphotheca ecklonis) • Crown of thorns (Euphorbia milii and cultivars) • Victorian Tea Tree (Leptospermum laevigatum) • Cuckoo pint, Italian arum (Arum italicum) • Watsonia species (Watsonia spp.) • Dieffenbachia, dumbcane (Dieffenbachia spp.) • Whirling Butterflies (Gaura lindheirmeri) • Elephant’s ear and taro (Alocasia spp.) • Wild Onion (Asphodelus fistulosus) • Euphorbia (various), spurge (Euphorbia spp.) • Yellow oleander (Cascabela thevetia)

7 Orchard Avenue Armadale T: (08) 9399 0111 Western Australia 6112 F: (08) 9399 0184 Locked Bag 2 Armadale [email protected] Western Australia 6992 www.armadale.wa.gov.au Page 3 of 5 Landscaping Guideline: Plants to Avoid (continued)

Groundcovers, Bulbs Grasses and Vines • Allamanda (Allamanda cathartica) • Fountain Grass (Pennisetum setaceum) • Arctotis – White (Arctotis stoechadifolia) • Freesia and Freesia hybrids (Freesia species) • Baboon Flower (Babiana disticha) • Fritillaria, snake’s head fritillary (Fritillaria meleagris) • Belladonna lily, Easter Lilly (Amaryllis belladonna) • Gazania (Gazania linearis) • Black-eyed Susan (Thunbergia alata) • Gloriosa lily, glory vine (Gloriosa superba) • Blue Periwinkle (Vinca major) • Hyacinth (Hyacinthus orientalis) • Bluebell (Hyacinthoides hispanica) • Ivy or English Ivy (Hedra helix) • Bridal Creepers (Asparagus asparagoides - formerly • Madiera Vine (Anredera cordifolia) Myrsiphyllum asparagoides) • Morning glory (Ipomea spp.) • Bridal Veil (Asparagus declinatum - formerly • Morning Glory (Ipomoea cairica or Ipomoea indica) Myrsiphyllum declinatum) • Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus) • Chalice vine (Solandra spp.) • Nerine (Nerine spp.) • Chincherinchee and other ornithogalums (Ornithogalum spp.) • Perrenial sweet pea (Lathyrus tingitanus) • Clematis (Clematis spp.) • Pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis) • Commelina (Commelina benghalensis) • Trandescata (Trandescata fluminensis) • Common Vetch (Vicia satvia) • Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) • Dutchman’s pipe (Aristolochia spp.) • Whiteflower Fumitory (Fumaria capreolata)

7 Orchard Avenue Armadale T: (08) 9399 0111 Western Australia 6112 F: (08) 9399 0184 Locked Bag 2 Armadale [email protected] Western Australia 6992 www.armadale.wa.gov.au Page 4 of 5 Landscaping Guideline: Plants to Avoid (continued)

Listing of Plants to Avoid - by Scientific Name • Acacia baileyana • Chamaecytisus palmensis (formerly Cytissus prolifera) • Acacia dealbata • Chasmanthe floribunda • Acacia decurrens • Clematis spp • Acacia iteaphylla • Colchicum autumnale • Acacia longifolia • Commelina benghalensis • Acacia podalyriifolia • Conium maculatum • Acokanthera spectabilis • Cortaderia sellona • Agave americana • Cottoneaster glaucophyllus and Cottoneaster pannosus • Ailanthus altissima • Dieffenbachia spp • Allamanda cathartica • Dimorphotheca ecklonis • Alocasia spp. • Eucaluptus maculata • Aloe vera • Eucalyptus citriodora • Amaryllis belladonna • Eucalyptus cladocalyx • Anredera cordifolia • Euphorbia milii and cultivars • Araucaria bidwillii • Euphorbia spp • Araucaria heterophylla • Euphorbia tirucalli • Arctotis stoechadifolia • Ficus elastica • Aristolochia spp. • Freesia aff leichtlinii • Arum italicum • Fritillaria meleagris • Arundo donax • Fumaria capreolata • Asclepias spp (syn. Gomphocarpus spp.) • Gaura lindheirmeri) • Asparagus asparagoides • Gazania linearis • Asphodelus fistulosus • Gelsemium spp. • Babiana disticha • Genista species • Brachychiton populneus • Gladiolus angustus • Brugmansia spp. (syn. Datura spp.) • Gladiolus caryophyllaceus • Caladium spp. • Gladiolus undulatus • Capsicum spp. • Gloriosa superba • Caryota mitis • Gomphocarpus fruticosus (syn. Asclepias fruticosa) • Cascabela thevetia • Hedra helix • Castanospermum australe • Helleborus spp and cultivars • Cestrum spp

7 Orchard Avenue Armadale T: (08) 9399 0111 Western Australia 6112 F: (08) 9399 0184 Locked Bag 2 Armadale [email protected] Western Australia 6992 www.armadale.wa.gov.au Page 5 of 5 Landscaping Guideline: Plants to Avoid (continued)

Listing of Plants to Avoid - by Scientific Name (continued) • Hyacinthoides hispanica • Pinus radiata • Hyacinthus orientalis • Prunus dulcis • Hyparrhenia hirta • Prunus laurocerasus • Ipomea spp. • Pteridium esculentum • Ipomoea spp. (cairica & indica) • Rhus spp. • Jatropha podagrica • Ricinus communis • Lantana camara • Robinia psuedoacacia and cultivars • Lathyrus tingitanus • Rubis spp. • Lavarta arborea • Ruta graveolens • Leptospermum laevigatum • Salix babylonica • Lupinus cosentinii • Schinus terebinthifolius • Lupinus spp. • Solandra spp. • Manihot esculenta • Solanum nigrum • Melia azedarach • Solanum pseudocapsicum • Myrsiphyllum asparagoides • Solanum sodomaeum, S. linnaeanum • Myrsiphyllum declinatum • Sparaxis bulbifera • Nerine spp. • Synadenium grantii • Nerium oleander • Thunbergia alata • Nicotiana tabacum • Toxicodenidron • Olea europea • Trandescata fluminensis • Ornithogalum spp. • Tropaeolum majus • Osteospermum spp. • Urtica spp. • Parthenocissus quinquefolia • Vernicia fordii • Pelargonium capitatum • Vicia satvia • Pennisetum setaceum • Vinca major • Phoenix calieriensis • Washingtonia filifera • Phoenix rebelini • Watsonia spp. • Pieris japonica • Zantedeschia aethiopica

7 Orchard Avenue Armadale T: (08) 9399 0111 Western Australia 6112 F: (08) 9399 0184 Locked Bag 2 Armadale [email protected] Western Australia 6992 www.armadale.wa.gov.au