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Academic Projects Pertaining to Agriculture Biotechnology & Omics Lab

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Academic Projects Pertaining to Agriculture Biotechnology & Omics Lab Academic Projects pertaining to Agriculture Biotechnology & OMICs Lab Ecology & Systematics Plant Stress Physiology Plant genetic diversity Genomics Bioremidation Plant genetic diversity Tissue Culture OMICs Lab Chloroplast genomics Mitochondrial genomics Whole genomics Metagenomics Transcriptomics Bioinformatics Oman Vision-2040 Efficient utilization of Oman’s genetic natural resources will contribute to non-oil share of GDP. Young Omanis development will stand out on top priorities of the envisaged projects. Scientific research and innovation is a national priority in Oman Vision 2040. Diversification of economical resources to solicit alternatives for oil and gas stands on top of research priorities. NMSRC Strategic Projects With the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Transcriptomic of Dubas Bug With the Diwan of Royal Court Genomics of Date Palm Trees Office for Conservation of Environment Genomics & Metabolomics of Mango Trees Oman Botanic Garden Genomics & Metabolomics of Bananas With the Ministry of Health With the Ministry of Higher Education, Molecular Epidemiology and Sequencing of Research and Innovation SARS-CoV-2 Virus Gene Bank of Oman Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection among High Throughput Screening of Oman health workers Genetic Natural Resources Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance Value addition to our genetic resources Fragrances Beauty products Documentation Cosmetics Gene bank Skin care Healthcare products Health Products Nutraceuticals Oman Pharmaceuticals Genetic Natural Resources Low calorie sweeteners Nutritional Products Food supplements Flavours Pesticides Establish a solid Ground for Agrochemicals Fertilizers pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical and Growth promoters agrochemical industries Innovation. How simple it can be! Hook-and-loop fasteners - $100 million a year George de Mastral produced a prototype and named it velcro, a combination of the works 'velvet' and 'crochet’. It was patented in 1955. NASA picked up the brand and began using it for astronaut equipment. Puma picked up on the brand for kids' shoes. A worldwide success, bringing in $100 million (£78.6m) revenue every year. The top down squeeze bottle - $14 million a year Paul Brown, the owner of a small precision-moulding shop, spent his days coming up with and rethinking the design of the bottle. He said: "I would pretend I was silicone and, if I was injected into a mould, what I would do." His work paid off in 1991, when he came up with the idea for a bottle that would open when squeezed but remain closed if no pressure was applied. Innovation. How simple it can be! Fidget spinners - $5 billion a year Originally invented as a therapeutic tool for kids with ADHD and autism, this simple spinning toy has sold to kids and adults alike since 2017. Crocs - $1 billion a year Despite not winning any fashion contests, annual sales of Crocs have regularly exceeded $1 billion (£787m) a year. Launched in the early 2002 by three friends, Crocs were advertised to be made from a trademarked material which was “comfortable, lightweight, non-marking and odor resistant”. Snap Wraps - $8 million a year The overwhelming simplicity of Anders' invention pleased kids and pre-teens everywhere. The bracelet worked by simply slapping a straight piece of steel covered in colorful fabric to the wrist, which it instantly clasped itself around. Value addition from our lab. How simple! Frankincense Animal feeding Dark date syrup White date syrup Frankincense crystals Phytohormones-rich oil Use of date palm kernel oil for phytohormones rich One step One step anti-wrinkle cream Phytohormones-rich oil Animal feeding waste Renewable and One step cost-effective fillers for polymeric materials Use of palm pollen for treatment of One step skin conditions and anti-aging Wasted pollen treatment. The use of date palm as a potential Hard carbons issued from date adsorbent for wastewater treatment to palm as efficient anode materials replace activated carbon for sodium-ion batteries Beneficial Outcomes Paper and Agriculture Biofuels Biosurfactant Health & constructions Beauty Handicrafts Compost Methane Carbon capsules for treatment of stomach gases Wood Fertilizers Hydrogen Healing of wounds and burns Construction Animal feeds- production Making soap- rich of fatty acids materials cows, goats, fish Ethanol Roasted kernels as cacao alternative Paper industry Butanol Date kernels Coffee Date kernels are source of Furfural (30%) used in oil refineries and in pesticides industries Beneficial Outcomes Biopolymers Organic acids Enzymes Nutraceutical Amino acids Xanthan gum Citric acid Pectinases Liquid or Tablets Glutamic acid Poly (3- Lactic acid a-Amylase hydroxybutyrate) Curdlan Carotenoid Beneficial Outcomes Food Biomass Probiotic Date-Palm Biscuits, pies & pastries production Baker’s yeast lactobacilli Fibers Date chocolate & Tamreya industry Dates Pone, Date jam Wastewater filter Date powder, Date syrup Molasses production (Debs) High-fructose syrup Fructooligosaccharides Beverages industry Ongoing Research Projects pertaining to Agriculture at NMSRC Part 1: Frankincense trees in Oman Boswellia sacra (Frankincense Tree) Boswellia sacra (Chemical Compounds) Phytochemical Investigation Frankincense Smoke Project de novo genome sequence of B. sacra 1 We report the de novo genome sequence of B. sacra, comprising 667.8 Mb DNA sequence in genome. Comparison to conserved single copy genes across the eudicot’s species, the data suggests a >97% assembly of the gene space in B. sacra genome. The combined length of genes was 63.6 Mb or ~9.5% of the whole genome. We found 18,564 high-confidence predictions of protein-encoding genes. The genes found in Boswellia have been found to play a functional role in cell- wall synthesis, arrangement, exfoliating and response to wounds. Additionally, genes related secondary metabolites (flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids), abiotic stress tolerance, photosynthesis, metabolic and biological processes. Circular presentation of major scaffolds (brown), gene density (green), location and presence of genes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis (dark blue), simple repeat density (red), transposable elements distribution (blue), LTR-RT density (purple), above/below mean GC% (gray) and inner circle shows the major collinear genes across different scaffolds. Project Genome multiple alignment with taxonomically related species 2 (A) The inner circle shows 19 chromosomes within the grape genome comprising tripled homeologs of seven assumed ancestral chromosomes, and the homoeologous genes are connected by colored lines. The 15 circles can be divided into three groups according to the major eudicot-common hexaploidy (ECH), in which the first group, the inner five circles, represents the orthologs between them, and the other two groups (the intermediate and outer five circles) are paralogs comparing to the first group. (B) Circles show the multiple alignment between the compared four genomes with Boswellia sacra as reference (B: B. sacra, P: C. papaya, S: C. sinensis, A: A. occidentalie). The five circles show their orthologous relationship between the compared genomes, with A. occidentalie comprising two circles to show an extra genome doubling in its genome, in contrast to the other three genomes. (B) Phylogenetic tree of B. sacra (Bs), A. occidentale (Ao), C. papaya (Cp), C. sinensis(Cs) and V. vinifera (Vv). The core-eudicot common hexaploidy (ECH) is denoted by a blue flash, and the A. occidentale special tetraploidization (AST) is denoted by red flashes. (C) Gene phylogeny: three paralogous genes in the Evolutionary & comparative Vv, Cp, Bs, Cs and Ao are denoted by Vv1, Vv2, and genomics of B. sacra Vv3, and Cp1, Cp2, and Cp3, and Cs1, Cs2, and Cs3, suggested that the whole and Bs1, Bs2, and BS3, respectively, produced by the genome duplication events ECH, and each has 2 orthologs and 4 out paralogs in occurred 46-52 and 49-55 the Ao genome (e.g., V1 has 2 orthologs, Ao11, million years ago from Ao12, and 4 out paralogs, Ao21, Ao22, Ao31, Ao32 Citrus sinensis (orange) and in Ao genome). The species tree was produced based Anacardium occidentale on the presence of homologous genes. (cashew nut), respectively. (D, E) Ks dating before and after evolutionary rate corrections. Anonymous nucleotide substitution rate (Ks) distribution between the selected genomes. The solid curve lines show the events of polyploidization that appeared in genomes, while the dash lines represent the divergent events between the two compared genomes. The x-axes represent the Ks values and the y-axes represent the density of the compared homologous genes. Boswellia socatrna B. ovalilfoliolata B. frereana B. carterii B elongata B. serrata B. rivae B. neglecta B. bullata Different B. dalzielii species of B. sacra Frankincense trees B. popviana B. dioscoridis B. ameero Part 2: Date palm trees in Oman Project Date palm genomics 1 Draft Chloroplast Mitochondrial Region P. dactylifera P. dactylifera P. dactylifera var P. dactylifera vr var Khanezi var Naghal Khalas Aseel LSC Length (bp) 86090 86092 86197 86194 GC(%) 35.3 35.3 35.3 35.3 Length (%) 54.41 54.41 54.39 54.39 SSC Length (bp) 17575 17574 17712 17711 GC(%) 31 31 30.8 30.8 Length (%) 11.10 11.10 11.17 11.17 IR Length (bp) 27273 27272 27277 27276 GC(%) 42.4 42.4 42.4 42.4 Length (%) 17.23 17.23 17.21 17.21 Total GC(%) 37.3 37.3 37.2 37.2 Length (%) 158211 158210 158462 158458 First chloroplast genome dataset for Naghal and Khanizi report Compared at genome and gene levels with
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