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Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 14, No. 2 Don Yoder

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Ursinus College Digital Commons @ Ursinus College Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine Pennsylvania Folklife Society Collection 12-1964 Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 14, No. 2 Don Yoder Earl F. Robacker Amos Long Jr. Donald Roan Lewis Edgar Riegel See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/pafolklifemag Part of the American Art and Architecture Commons, American Material Culture Commons, Christian Denominations and Sects Commons, Cultural History Commons, Ethnic Studies Commons, Fiber, Textile, and Weaving Arts Commons, Folklore Commons, Genealogy Commons, German Language and Literature Commons, Historic Preservation and Conservation Commons, History of Religion Commons, Linguistics Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits oy u. Recommended Citation Yoder, Don; Robacker, Earl F.; Long, Amos Jr.; Roan, Donald; Riegel, Lewis Edgar; and Gressle, Jerrie, "Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 14, No. 2" (1964). Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine. 19. https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/pafolklifemag/19 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Pennsylvania Folklife Society Collection at Digital Commons @ Ursinus College. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Ursinus College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors Don Yoder, Earl F. Robacker, Amos Long Jr., Donald Roan, Lewis Edgar Riegel, and Jerrie Gressle This book is available at Digital Commons @ Ursinus College: https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/pafolklifemag/19 Cover: "Kriss Kringle's Christmas Tree" ( Philadelphia, 1 45), was the most influential Christmas book in America. Twice reprinted, once in New l ' ork, it e tablished K riss K ringle as one of the triumvirate of Christmas gift-bringers in this country. From Alfred L. hoemaker, "Christmas in Pennsylvania: A Folk-Cultural tudy" (K utztown, Pennsl1lvania, 1959), EDITOR: DECEMBER 1964, Vol. 14, No. 2 D r. D on Yoder DEPARTME TAL EDITORS: Dr. Earl F. Robacker, Antiques Contents Edna Eby H eller, Cookery Olive G. Zehner, Crafts Leroy Gen ler, D esign Dr. J. William Frey, Music 2 Christmas Fraktur, Christmas Broadsides EDITOR E:\[ERITU : DO N YODER D r. Alfred L. hoemaker (Editor, 1949- 1962) SUBSCRIPTIO RATES: 10 The Shape of Food That Was 4.00 a year in the United States EARL F. ROBA CKER and Canada. Elsc"yhere fifty cents add i t i onal for postage. Single copies $1.00. 16 Bakeovens in the Pennsylvania Folk-Culture M AND PHOTOGRAPHS : AMO LONG, JR. T he Editor " 'ill be glad to consider M and photographs sent with a view to publication. When unsuit­ able, and if accompanied by return 30 Deivel -Dl'eck (Asafoetida) Yesterday postage, every care will be exer­ and Today cised toward their return, although Do TALD ROA:\' no responsibility for their safety i assumed. PE N YLVANIA FOLKLIFE , 34 Rem.iniscences of Centerport, 1876-1885 D ecember 1964, Vol. 14, No. 2, pub­ LEWI EDGAR RIEGEL lished quarterly by the P ennsyl­ vania Folklife ociety, Inc., 330 Eden Road, Lancaster, P enn yl­ vania. ub cription and business ~18 Ohio School Children Study the corre pondence: Box 1053, Lanca - Pennsylvania Dutch ter, P ennsylvania. Editorial corre­ spondence: D r. Don Yoder, Bennett J ERRIE GRES LE H all B ox 19, University of P enn- ylvania, Philadelphia 4, P ennsyl­ vania. Content copyrighted. Entered as second class ma.tter at Lancaster, Pennsylvania. --..hristmas Fraktur, hristmas Broadsides By DON YODER Christmas folk art, folk art with the theme of hri tma , counties, with a few broael side from Philadelphia. is somewhat of a rarity in the Dutch Country. The folk l. Christmas Addresses . Throughout the 19th Century arti t concerned himself mol' ,it eems, with "rite of nelV.'pap rs, bu. in e. es, and groups of public servant in the pas age"-birth and baptism, confirmation, marriage, and citie is ued broad iele either at Chri tmas or New Year's, death-than wi th pecial day in the Dutchman' calendar di tribu ting them a Ch ri stmas or New Year pre ents and the cu tom. as ociated with them. among their patrons. It wa~ O"ood public relation and hri tmas as a fami ly holiday was cel brated with great D"ood advertising, and a tip from the patron was usually joy by ome Penn ylvani an , and avoided, almost religiously forthcoming. shunned, by other . In 1 00 the breakdown would include We in clude several example from Ea ton, I ennsylvania, Penn ylvania's "Gay Dutch"-the Lutherans and the Re­ from B. M . Youell ' "i\1u eum Barber hop," dated from formed-plu s the 1\1onwians and the Episcopalians, in the ] 855 to 1 65. The e in clud e Jono- poems by loca l poetaster, pro-Christmas party. Everybody el e-the "Plain Dutch" gil'ing national and local new ', with humorou references plus all the Eno-li h ~ect of Puritan provenance (Quaker , to local per on or i tua tions, Pre byterian , Baptist and Methodi t ) were on the anti­ The most common example of this type of broad ide wa C hri ~tmas side. By 1900, with the exception of a f IV mall the New Year's Addre s O'iven to patrons by the "carrier " ectari an encl ave of re i ~ta nce, th joy of hri tmas had of the (own and city newspaper . The e were u ually pub­ ,,"on out, and the "American" Chri tmas with anta lau Ii hed a separate broadsid e, but a t times th y were print­ and Christmas Tree, was well establi hed. ed a part of the ew Year's i ue of the paper it elf. For de(ail on every phase of the once unique "Gay Bec< u e the New Year "Carrier Addres" tradition has Dutch" hristmas-with Belsni kels and hri tmas '1um­ been t reated el ewhere,1" we include two "Chri tmas Ad­ mel's; Barring out the choolmaster ; Metzel oup and dre e" by the nio-ht watchmen of Philadelphia. Chri (mas 10ney; Matzabaum, 1\10 hey, and Bellygut ; The first of these is the attractive "N.E. City Watch­ hristmas Cookies and Cooky-Cutters; Pyramid a nd man's Address, For Christmas Day, December 25, 1 35," Putzes; the Christmas Tree and its History; econd Christ­ (reproduced from Christmas in Pennsylvania, page 101) . ma Day; even the Fi r cracker Chri tma es of Western Included are vignette of the American eao-le, tIro hip Penn ylvani a-see Alfred L. Shoemaker, Christmas in Penn­ sylvania: A Folk- ultural tudy (Kutztown, Pennsylva nia: * For the N w Year' broadside traditi n in Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Folklife ociety, 1959). se Walter E. Boyer, "The New Year ' Vi h of the Penn rJ­ vania Dutch Broad ide." Pennsylvania Folkli/e, Vol. ~, o. 2, The "folk art" in celebration of Christmas featured in Fall 1959, 45-4 , whi ch d al with 19th ntmy example; this article involves several types of early Ameri cana­ al 0 the forth co mino- udy of 1 th entmy ew Year' broad- manuscript (fraktur) a well as printed (broadside) docu­ id e by Harold Krelol' , to app ar in R bert H. Byingto n and Ie nn th . Goldstein (eds.), Two Penny Ballads and Four men(s. Most of our example come from t h up tate Dutch Dollar W hisky: Pennsylvania Folklore Annual-1965. 2 FOR CI-IRI STi'IAS DAY, IHo:n·:.umm ~:;. I l'Ia:). 'I'll,) qpOIl1't ft( IIii' f , ... h man'", t;HlI.l1b , A,ltilln rcWrtt~ ,lrc<lI! w.ntcr'!I gloom. T Ill' !h .. ·f a!lt! rolll",r'", (ltCMJ: And " tur("" bt-:tuty dIn, T o "'JaN/ h'lm th('~(' hf' II a~IC81mc 11(:alth~ T he ro"" ;'jnrl Itl ~' C" I'3"C U) llloorn, The ~h jrlwltlt! ""Ih die ~ "U::3. E:. M 4>3'11" hI' hut 11l~ brt- CiLI . \\ ,10: olh.',. skfl'. 't,,, Ills to roam All that W~'j (li i T III S'J mmN'", reign, I, (."'cd-I'I'IIIINrd_lfI,,d; Ih-, .,11111" CII~"~ hUIlOII, \ .) tll)~('r j " ~('n upon the plaIn. l..el\ IU~ th~ ,Imue"','; J")" ,.f I,ome. \ 1111 \\illkt hh lII,I!htly rOliutl. Sweet ~ 1J ,"m cl\i j1l1 ~ MC 11",1. Dlc:lk h()\\ 1~ 111(' bh~1 alnllS{ thl: lIlwre. ~1lf"1 l~ 1111' h3p!('K'< \\J,!Chlll'lI"! iatc. !'o lll h nrc tlw Ii!, hI' ~uov.·, ('hili (,,11 .. I h(' rro-' :md 'Inl)\\', Surh , .. hi~ IFlrJ-hl~ IQIH~ (·-tatc, 'J'h .. R o bin '~ U'"'te h hf" u .J 110 1O'>re. 'rhe "trcalilS 110 loug" r dow. \\ lid,· thtJ~ (lifO' hfe he gr"'$, CllI"erll '~ 110,1 cold the wintry Oi!:!l h An.l 1'0',11 yo', now reward (iI¢l:i.im­ C'cn to tilt' rich IU II .. l be, I nnQli"r,1 pll'!i IUII1I,y. Hut ah I how ,]rpa r \ 1) hun \I pru,U lt l'(Il~C ~ t,l, rohIFH:<l 'l or JI~daHl Who li " 'lI til pon;£ly. I/lm on v. ho/ll you do tdy' to:), YOU In Still drearer is the m:!llt t tl lholle, Lo n£: Ill e bh .. ,(u! peace. Who$e .1I,ly 'I lf tl) I!l1ani ~IIIJ fIla y" lie'" plf';HUrCS I>I',ine. T ht' CiJl:t~ rroUl mnJU1!{h t roe3, Wlllk r·mr ('tilth!,. jo~~ lIi'= fe~e. And rGr a "u\311 u' \\ 'ml. V ut.r 11p.afl!t \0 Ith fal'lurc sing. N" sto r m~ the l¥atc:J.man'J COUf".e im?cdc, fulfill '"!!: lI lili hI!!: trU'JI, T be Jfll.1llllg rain hi" c lI.
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  • Franklin and the Pennsylvania Germans John B

    Franklin and the Pennsylvania Germans John B

    Franklin and the Pennsylvania Germans John B. Frantz The Pennsylvania State University INTRODUCTION Although the Germans began to arrive in Pennsylvania forty years before Benjamin Franklin left Boston for Philadelphia in 1723, both began to attract attention in that decade. Franklin gained fame as an innovative writer and expert printer, which made him wealthy enough to withdraw from business by the late 1740s.' The Pennsylvania Germans became obvious because of the non-Britishness of the multitudes of them who were leaving behind the wars of Europe for William Penn's comparatively peaceful "Holy Experiment." By the middle decades of the century, estimates placed their numbers between 60,000 and 100,000, constituting one-third to three-fifths of the colony's nearly 200,000 to 300,000 inhabitants.2 Most of the early arrivals belonged to the pacifistic religious groups. Almost all of the later ones were Lutheran and Reformed, with a few Roman Catholics, who had no qualms about fighting "a just war," though almost all initially supported the peace-loving English Quakers politically.' Franklin's Early Contacts with the Pennsylvania Germans Benjamin Franklin and the Pennsylvania Germans early came in contact with each other. Franklin heard and conversed with the German Seventh Day Baptist evangelist Michael Welfare when he preached in Philadelphia in 1734. After Franklin began his own printing establishment, he published material for German settlers. As early as 1731, he printed in German two books for the German Baptists.4 He printed in pamphlet form a letter from Pennsylvania's negotiator with the Indians Conrad Weiser to the German-language publisher Christopher Sauer.5 In 1740, he brought out a German translation of Gilbert Tennent's sermon "The Danger of an Unconverted Ministry." Between 1742 and 1744, he published in German a Moravian catechism and the Authentische Relation (Authentic Relation) of the Moravians' conferences of 1742 at which they tried to unite Pennsylvania's numerous religious groups.