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Sperry Rand's Third-Generation Computers 1964–1980
Sperry Rand’s Third-Generation Computers 1964–1980 George T. Gray and Ronald Q. Smith The change from transistors to integrated circuits in the mid-1960s marked the beginning of third-generation computers. A late entrant (1962) in the general-purpose, transistor computer market, Sperry Rand Corporation moved quickly to produce computers using ICs. The Univac 1108’s success (1965) reversed the company’s declining fortunes in the large-scale arena, while the 9000 series upheld its market share in smaller computers. Sperry Rand failed to develop a successful minicomputer and, faced with IBM’s dominant market position by the end of the 1970s, struggled to maintain its position in the computer industry. A latecomer to the general-purpose, transistor would be suitable for all types of processing. computer market, Sperry Rand first shipped its With its top management having accepted the large-scale Univac 1107 and Univac III comput- recommendation, IBM began work on the ers to customers in the second half of 1962, System/360, so named because of the intention more than two years later than such key com- to cover the full range of computing tasks. petitors as IBM and Control Data. While this The IBM 360 did not rely exclusively on lateness enabled Sperry Rand to produce rela- integrated circuitry but instead employed a tively sophisticated products in the 1107 and combination of separate transistors and chips, III, it also meant that they did not attain signif- called Solid Logic Technology (SLT). IBM made icant market shares. Fortunately, Sperry’s mili- a big event of the System/360 announcement tary computers and the smaller Univac 1004, on 7 April 1964, holding press conferences in 1005, and 1050 computers developed early in 62 US cities and 14 foreign countries. -
Sperry Corporation, UNIVAC Division Photographs and Audiovisual Materials 1985.261
Sperry Corporation, UNIVAC Division photographs and audiovisual materials 1985.261 This finding aid was produced using ArchivesSpace on September 14, 2021. Description is written in: English. Describing Archives: A Content Standard Audiovisual Collections PO Box 3630 Wilmington, Delaware 19807 [email protected] URL: http://www.hagley.org/library Sperry Corporation, UNIVAC Division photographs and audiovisual materials 1985.261 Table of Contents Summary Information .................................................................................................................................... 3 Historical Note ............................................................................................................................................... 4 Scope and Content ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Arrangement ................................................................................................................................................... 6 Administrative Information ............................................................................................................................ 6 Related Materials ........................................................................................................................................... 7 Controlled Access Headings .......................................................................................................................... 8 Bibliography -
Sperry Corporation, Univac Division Records 1825.I
Sperry Corporation, Univac Division records 1825.I This finding aid was produced using ArchivesSpace on September 14, 2021. Description is written in: English. Describing Archives: A Content Standard Manuscripts and Archives PO Box 3630 Wilmington, Delaware 19807 [email protected] URL: http://www.hagley.org/library Sperry Corporation, Univac Division records 1825.I Table of Contents Summary Information .................................................................................................................................... 4 Historical Note ............................................................................................................................................... 4 Scope and Content ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Administrative Information ............................................................................................................................ 7 Related Materials ........................................................................................................................................... 8 Controlled Access Headings .......................................................................................................................... 9 Appendices ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................ -
Also Innovators: How One Computer Salesman Contributed
ALSO INNOVATORS How one computer salesman contributed to the digital revolution ALSO INNOVATORS How one computer salesman contributed to the digital revolution Christopher B. Yardley, PhD Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] Available to download for free at press.anu.edu.au ISBN (print): 9781760462987 ISBN (online): 9781760462994 WorldCat (print): 1099184186 WorldCat (online): 1099184654 DOI: 10.22459/AI.2019 This title is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). The full licence terms are available at creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode Cover design and layout by ANU Press. Cover photographs: Marcin Wichary via flic.kr/p/bXqtAs and flic.kr/p/4AftJ1. First edition 2016 This edition © 2019 ANU Press Contents Preface . vii 1 . ‘A proper job’ . 1 2 . Once were cowboys . 23 3 . A working ‘home away from home’ . 41 4 . A taste of Northern bitter . 53 5 . Eddie French’s rainbow . 73 6 . The brewer’s assistant . 95 7 . Pursuing my own rainbow’s end . 105 8 . The tallyman and other endeavours . 115 9 . Adventures in Southeast Asia . 125 10 . As far south as we could go . 203 11 . Working with the airlines in the Australasia-Pacific region . 223 12 . The ups and downs of a contractor . 257 13 . Not a multinational this time . 267 Afterword . 281 Preface I have relished my working life in the computer industry. I enjoyed every day. I was lucky enough to be at the front-end of the developing business of data processing, working in small, focused units selling systems. -
Sperry Rand Third-Generation Computers
UNISYS: HISTORY: • 1873 E. Remington & Sons introduces first commercially viable typewriter. • 1886 American Arithmometer Co. founded to manufacture and sell first commercially viable adding and listing machine, invented by William Seward Burroughs. • 1905 American Arithmometer renamed Burroughs Adding Machine Co. • 1909 Remington Typewriter Co. introduces first "noiseless" typewriter. • 1910 Sperry Gyroscope Co. founded to manufacture and sell navigational equipment. • 1911 Burroughs introduces first adding-subtracting machine. • 1923 Burroughs introduces direct multiplication billing machine. • 1925 Burroughs introduces first portable adding machine, weighing 20 pounds. Remington Typewriter introduces America's first electric typewriter. • 1927 Remington Typewriter and Rand Kardex merge to form Remington Rand. • 1928 Burroughs ships its one millionth adding machine. • 1930 Working closely with Lt. James Doolittle, Sperry Gyroscope engineers developed the artificial horizon and the aircraft directional gyro – which quickly found their way aboard airmail planes and the aircraft of the fledgling commercial airlines. TWA was the first commercial buyer of these two products. • 1933 Sperry Corp. formed. • 1946 ENIAC, the world's first large-scale, general-purpose digital computer, developed at the University of Pennsylvania by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly. • 1949 Remington Rand produces 409, the worlds first business computer. The 409 was later sold as the Univac 60 and 120 and was the first computer used by the Internal Revenue Service and the first computer installed in Japan. • 1950 Remington Rand acquires Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corp. 1951 Remington Rand delivers UNIVAC computer to the U.S. Census Bureau. • 1952 UNIVAC makes history by predicting the election of Dwight D. Eisenhower as U.S. president before polls close. -
Chapter 9: Sperry Rand Third-Generation Computers
UNISYS: HISTORY: 1873 E. Remington & Sons introduces first commercially viable typewriter. 1886 American Arithmometer Co. founded to manufacture and sell first commercially viable adding and listing machine, invented by William Seward Burroughs. 1905 American Arithmometer renamed Burroughs Adding Machine Co. 1909 Remington Typewriter Co. introduces first "noiseless" typewriter. 1910 Sperry Gyroscope Co. founded to manufacture and sell navigational equipment. 1911 Burroughs introduces first adding-subtracting machine. 1923 Burroughs introduces direct multiplication billing machine. 1925 Burroughs introduces first portable adding machine, weighing 20 pounds. Remington Typewriter introduces America's first electric typewriter. 1927 Remington Typewriter and Rand Kardex merge to form Remington Rand. 1928 Burroughs ships its one millionth adding machine. 1930 Working closely with Lt. James Doolittle, Sperry Gyroscope engineers developed the artificial horizon and the aircraft directional gyro – which quickly found their way aboard airmail planes and the aircraft of the fledgling commercial airlines. TWA was the first commercial buyer of these two products. 1933 Sperry Corp. formed. 1946 ENIAC, the world's first large-scale, general-purpose digital computer, developed at the University of Pennsylvania by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly. 1949 Remington Rand produces 409, the worlds first business computer. The 409 was later sold as the Univac 60 and 120 and was the first computer used by the Internal Revenue Service and the first computer installed in Japan. 1950 Remington Rand acquires Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corp. 1951 Remington Rand delivers UNIVAC computer to the U.S. Census Bureau. 1952 UNIVAC makes history by predicting the election of Dwight D. Eisenhower as U.S. president before polls close. -
Birth of Minnesota's Computer Industry
The Birth of Minnesota’s Computer Industry Minnesota’s computer industry is not a story widely known, and until recently, not widely told. It had its humble beginnings in a company named Engineering Research Associates (ERA), founded in 1946 in St. Paul. Over the years, the company grew, changed names, was bought and sold, and eventually closed up shop. In its time it was the source of great innovation, brilliant minds, and many dedicated hands. Through their labor they powered naval ships Above: An ERA representative at a trade and submarines, sent rockets into space, landed show in the early 1950s. Many of the countless commercial airplanes, and predicted company’s products were produced the weather. for the U.S. Military and were classified, completely unknown to the This exhibit tells the story of ERA and its many public until successor companies, their many products and years later. systems, and the profound impact they have had on the economy of Minnesota, and the United You can say States. quite confidently that the computer industry has its roots in two places in the world, Philadelphia and here (Twin Cities). The exhibit was produced by the Dr. Thomas Misa Dakota County Historical Society Director, Charles and funded by the people of Minnesota through a grant funded Babbage Institute by Minnesota Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund. Special thanks goes From a St. Paul to the many company retirees in Pioneer Press article 1/3/10 the VIP Club whose help with this project was essential to its success. An Unlikely Birthplace: The Founding of Engineering Research Associates Shortly after World War II, in a building that had once housed a radiator factory in St. -
The Univac 90 / 60 Mainframe Computer Page
The Univac 90 / 60 Mainframe Computer Figure 1: Univac 90/60 aka RCA Spectra 70/7 This particular machine seems to have had the Univac signage applied to the CPU but retains the cosmetic features of the Spectra 70. This photo was found on the web at http://www.rwc.uc.edu/koehler/cshist.html Introduction: The first full-scale computer that I had the opportunity to work with was the UNIVAC 90/60 located at Edinboro State College in the late 1970’s and early 1980’s. This was a third-generation mainframe computer whose processor architecture and instruction set was based on the IBM 360. Unlike the “clone” and “plug compatible” systems that were made later by Amdahl and others, the I/O architecture was different enough that IBM operating systems wouldn’t run on the UNIVAC and user programs needed to be re- compiled. Page 1 of 16 The Univac 90 / 60 Mainframe Computer Unfortunately, there is currently very little information on the web about these machines. I have been thus far unable to locate a reasonably clear photograph of ANY 90/60, let alone a photograph of the actual system I was able to use. Even Wikipedia has little to say about the UNIVAC 90/60. The article accessed on 7/21/2007 is reproduced here in its entirety: UNIVAC 90/60 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Univac 90/60 series computer was a mainframe class computer manufactured by Sperry Corporation as a competitor to the IBM System 360 series of mainframe computers. The 90/60 used the same instruction set as the 360, although the machines themselves were not compatible with each other; programs written for one would have to be recompiled for the other, as at the time they were developed, the concept of an operating system being portable separately from the computer system it ran on was unheard of. -
Few Good Men from a Few Good Men from Univac MIT Press Series in the History of Computing 1
Few Good Men from A Few Good Men from Univac MIT Press Series in the History of Computing 1. Bernard Cohen, editor; William Aspray, associate editor Editorial Board: Bernard Galler, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; J. A. N. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, Virginia; Arthur Norberg, Charles Babbage Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Brian Randell, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne; Henry Tropp, Humboldt State College, Arcata, California; Heinz Zemanek, Vienna, Austria. Memories That Shaped an Industry, Emerson W. Pugh, 1984 The Computer Comes of Age, R. Moreau, 1984 Memories of a Computer Pioneer, Maurice V. Wilkes, 1985 A Few Good Men from Univac, David E. Lundstrom, 1987 A Few Good Men from Univac David E. Lundstrom The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England © 1987 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher. This book was printed and bound by Halliday Lithograph in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lundstrom, David E. A few good men from Univac. (MIT Press series in the history of computing) 1. Univac computer-History. 2. Computer industry History. I. Title. II. Series. QA76.8.U6L86 1987 621.39'09 87-4193 ISBN 0-262-12120-4 This book is dedicated to George Cogar. He was my first instructor in the electronic computer, the first authentic genius I have worked with, and the first of the heroes of this narrative to pass from this life. -
Manual De Global Mapper 14 En Espanol Como Descargar E Instalar Global Mapper Versión 16 De 64 Bits Explicare Paso a Explicare
Manual De Global Mapper 14 En Espanol como descargar e instalar global mapper versión 16 de 64 bits explicare paso a explicare. Global Mapper 15.0 with activation, free download: Global Mapper v15.0 (64 Tutorial. GPS/GIS Mapping Software enables direct access to multiple online sources of imagery, topographic maps, and gridded terrain data. Unisys Corporation is an American global information technology company based in thus eliminating the need for manual paper work for and tenants and landlords. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Certified, Certified, Certified Eckert · LINC 4GL · List of UNIVAC products · MAPPER · NEWP · Remington Rand 14 Oct 2014. Tutorial Global Mapper - Generar curvas de nivel de Google Earth y Autocad Global. dot User's Manual, January 5, 2015. 2. 1 Basic Graph This language de- 14: execute -_ compare. 15: ). Figure 3: Fancy graph main parse init cleanup printf Crossing Theory and Hierarchy Mapping. may be global or none color. Manual De Global Mapper 14 En Espanol Read/Download Creación de Modelos de Elevación y superficie en Global Mapper v16.1 Tutorial Global. COMPUTER BEAT GRID (CBG) AND MANUAL BPM CORRECTION 14. VirtualDJ provides an intuitive on the fly search capability. Adding files to the global search In either scenario, once added to the Global Search, the ability or assign a button on a controller, the mapping action beat_tap action can be assigned. El software GLOBAL MAPPER en su version 16.1 con su herramienta Generate watershed. Automap 4.8. 24/03/14. Click here for more details: - Fixes Automap uninstaller crash on Mavericks (Mac) United Kingdom · Global · USA · Deutsch · Français.