4/16 November 2016

Using Great Apes in Advertising | p 8 Billboards: Great Apes Conservation | p 16 Thanks to Africam Safari | p 38 IIII WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 1

Contents Editorial The WAZA flyer “Voice of the Your have certainly “hit the Global Zoo and Aquarium Com- I should say that I am absolute- ground running” at WAZA. munity” looks great. Congratu- ly delighted with the way you Illegal Trade in Great Apes...... 4 Bill Conway, 17 May 2009 lations to you and your team have blossomed in your role as Using Great Apes in Advertising...... 8 Jim Fleshman, Director Cam- WAZA CEO. You have exceeded High‑tech and Low‑tech Mapping Tools I very much enjoy reading the eron Park Zoological Gardens, my (and Council’s and Member to Protect Chimps...... 12 1 April 2010 - Roadside Billboard Campaign...... 16 contents of your WAZA publica- ship’s) already high expecta- Community Mapping – A Tool tions, and to be kept up to date tions and taken WAZA to dizzy to Empower Young People...... 19 with the significant progress I am really impressed with all new heights – carefully placing Into the Wild...... 22 that the international zoo com you have done for us. I have us among the leading global - The Gorilla EEP...... 25 munity is making in support of been very busy and did not give conservation NGO’s in both WAZA Interview: María Teresa Abelló Poveda...... 29 in situ conservation activities. this my full attention the other style and substance. Many My Career: Rick Barongi...... 31 In appreciation, thanks for this and for so suc Book Reviews...... 35 day. I just looked at the photos - Jeremy Mallinson, and carefully read the text. cessfully organizing the WAZA Announcements...... 37 Prague Meeting with your Recent Updates 22 December 2009 Really you have done dynamic new office team. Thanks to Africam Safari...... 38 a lot for WAZA. WAZA’s Global Visitor Survey...... 39 Gordon McGregor Reid, Just a note of congratulations Sally Walker, Z. O. O. India, Zoo & Aquarium Accreditation Summit...... 40 11 June 2010 Chester zoo, 12 October 2011 Raffles’ Banded Langur Conservation...... 41 © el Periódico on this Year of the Gorilla pro- New Exhibit News Gerald Dick, Barcelona Zoo. gram. These projects always And so I send my best wishes to Big thank you for sending Dublin’s Orangutan Forest...... 42 need lots of energy to maintain you and the office team as you through the WAZA 77 years WAZA Projects the momentum and you have are across so many things and commemorative volume and Red Panda...... 44 Dear Members and Friends, certainly achieved this. so very busy in a way that is also a second big thank you, Psychedelic Rock Gecko...... 45 Cameron Kerr, unseen and I suppose unappre- to you and the team at WAZA Congohounds...... 47 This edition of WAZA NEWS is a special one because Taronga Conservation Society, ciated very often. From where for all your enthusiasm and Big Life Foundation...... 49 of many reasons. First, it is the last in the series with 5 January 2010 - Update: International Studbooks...... 50 a focus on charismatic species and often controversial I am I do recognize the enor hard work. New Member Application: SZB...... 52 discussions. Secondly, after 31 editions it is my last one We have today received copies mous amount of work you have Peter Sampson, as Executive Director and Editor, this is because I am of the WAZA biodiversity book, done and the changes that are Paradise Wildlife Park, going to retire from WAZA. I enjoyed my work in WAZA Building a Future for Wildlife. happening, the alliances made 13 February 2012 more than 100% every day and especially working with It looks very professional and and profile gained… all good… different cultures and members from all over the world. congratulations to you and Chris West, Adelaide zoo, Thank you for the 77 year It was really a privilege for me to serve you as members the team at WAZA for this 29 September 2010 book. It arrived on Friday and and to work with our partners. During my tenure at the helm of WAZA membership increased by more than publication. I read it cover to cover over the weekend. Well done on a excel- 15% and I organised 9 annual conferences and could es‑ Susan Hunt, Perth Zoo, You have a very complicated lent publication, it clearly spells tablish 12 formal partnerships with other international 12 January 2010 job with a lot of people giving out the history of WAZA and Imprint organisations, some of which have endorsed the most you advice and constantly shift recent WAZA strategies. Those strategic partnerships First off, congratulation to - the long term commitment to ing priorities. Despite all the Editor: Gerald Dick, placed WAZA as a valued partner and important player the new visions and energies conservation and welfare. I am challenges you have managed - WAZA Executive Office on the international stage. I wish to thank those part‑ you have injected into WAZA now more excited and motivat to elevate WAZA to a new level IUCN Conservation Centre ners for their cooperation and support – for our com‑ to preserve biodiversity in any ed about WAZA as I understand of professionalism and world- Rue Mauverney 28 mon cause, the conservation of wildlife and biodiversity. way we can. Your extensive the history, and where we are wide respect. CH-1196 Gland experience working for and in our evolution. Switzerland My biggest thank you goes to all WAZA members for with conservation based NGOs Rick Barongi, Houston zoo, Phone: +41 22 999 07 90 supporting our work and me personally over the last Jenny Gray, Zoos Victoria, and regulatory agencies is a 2 November 2010 Fax: +41 22 999 07 91 9 years, and I wish to thank my small but very efficient 19 February 2012 and enthusiastic team in the executive office and IUCN great asset to the association. I forgot to say that I think the Layout and typesetting: [email protected] for graciously hosting us! I have some appreciation of I am really pleased to be doing Cover: © Joel Sartore/National Geographic Photo Ark; the work you are accomplish- something again for WAZA WAZA News and WAZA Maga- with thanks for donating the photo I wish the zoos and aquariums of the world ing with your staff, since I have especially with you at the helm. zine are excellent! Thank you Print: Agentura NP, Staré Město, Czech Republic a bright future!! served as president of the Ca- I have much admired the way for providing us as members nadian 1975/76, the American WAZA has developed over the with these valuable issues. Edition: 600 copies | © WAZA 2016 Gerald 1993/94 and your association last few years particularly with I will read the from cover (then IUDZG)1993. your leadership. to cover! This edition of WAZA News is also available on Peter Karsten, Hon. Member, Peter Olney, ISB coordinator, Lena Linden, Nordens Ark, www.waza.org (members’ area) Canada, 1 February 2010 31 December 2010 30 August 2013 Printed on FSC paper.

ISSN: 1662-7733 2 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 3 This is to say may thanks to you for the support you gave to We are also very appreciative ALPZA and our regional Zoos Susan of the important role that you Hunt & Acquaria Community during With each effort, it seems to President’s Page have played in WAZA and the one more entire year. me that you and your staff have coordinating work that WAZA - João Batista da Cruz, São Paulo further improved and broad is doing in getting the mem- Zoo, 23 December 2015 ened the usefulness of WAZA’s bers together to help and sup - activities. I am delighted. port each other whenever there The theme for the conference was There were also presentations and is a pressing need. I could re Bill Conway, 3 April 2014 - ‘People in Conservation. Zoos and workshops on measuring the impact member vividly WAZA’s crucial My congratulations to you Under Gerald’s leadership, Aquariums as agents of change’. The of a zoo and aquarium visit; success- role in coordinating the support for the changes over the past WAZA has evolved quickly from scene was ably set by the Gover- ful conservation models occurring and emergency relief for the few years. Needless to say, I am being a rather quiet profes nor of Puebla, Rafael Moreno Valle globally, such as through the Frank- Thai flood in November 2011. especially impressed by the sional association to becoming- Rosas and Puebla Mayor, Luis Banck furt Zoo and Frankfurt Zoological So- Serrato, who spoke passionately ciety, the Madagascar Fauna Group; It was through WAZA’s effective openness and focus on a truly effective player in the in- about Mexican conservation and the community campaigns of our communication that we acted conservation. ternational conservation arena. quickly and sent our team with local initiatives in sustainability. This colleagues at EAZA; and the Asian Bill Conway, 27 April 2016 I have found Gerald unfailingly medication and the equipment was followed by impressive keynote Species Action Partnership. professional, dedicated to the presentations from Cristian Samper, that Thailand needed for the It was absolutely wonderful to work of WAZA, he is a pleasure the Chief Executive of the Wildlife A highlight for me was the incred- read, “It turns out that dialogue rescue of the animals. WAZA to work with. Conservation Society (USA) and ible conservation work happening with critical groups, transpar- was most efficient in receiving Lee Ehmke, Houston zoo, Lorenzo Rojas Bracho (Mexico) pre- in Mexico and Latin America more and disseminating the informa ency about animal welfare senting on the efforts being made to broadly. We had very impressive - 18 December 2015 tion as well as coordinating the practices and continuous save the Vaquita (a porpoise species presentations on great conservation - various parties involved. It is improvement as well as inten which lives in the Gulf of California). achievements throughout Mexico, indeed a privilege to be a mem sified communication about in Argentina and Columbia. ber of WAZA. Thank you Gerald- welfare and conservation, is Following that excellent context, the for helming the WAZA office. the way to go and this has been issues of wildlife trade became a The workshop sessions covered Appreciate all the good work often missed in the past”. major theme of the conference with everything from “the 10 things that presentations from Chris Shepherd every zoo director should know that you have done. Thanks for helping move WAZA of TRAFFIC South­‑East Asia; Cam- about animal welfare” to “7 steps Daisy Ling, Wildlife Reserves and the zoological community eron Kerr from Taronga Conservation to a conservation in implementing Singapore, 26 November 2014 in the right direction. © WAZA Society Australia; the role of zoos in the WAZA Strategy Committing to James F. Gesualdi, P. C. Attorney The opening of the Puebla Conference. genetic marking to combat wildlife Conservation” to a very thought‑pro- at Law, Author of Excellence trade in Africa from Professor Antoi- voking workshop on animal encoun- Beyond Compliance, nette Koetze from the National Zoo ters. There was a great depth to the 19 August 2016 of South Africa – and many others. many presentations, reflecting our Another highlight was the findings dynamic and complex businesses. Another WAZA Conference has reporting by Dr Heribert Hofer of passed with our wonderful hosts IZW Berlin on the work in saving A summary of this conference would After more than 8 years WAZA’s Executive Director, Gerald Dick is retiring. Gerald joined the WAZA office Africam Safari from Puebla, Mexico! wildlife of zoos throughout the not be complete without acknowl- in 2008 and over his time as Executive Director, leading a small team in Switzerland, Gerald has made For those of you who were able to world. When this work is published, edging our colleagues at the Disney a major contribution to the development of WAZA. This includes the successful implementation of attend, I am sure that you will agree it will surely ‘debunk’ the view that Conservation Fund. Disney an- a five year strategic plan which has positioned WAZA as a modern organisation working on a global that it was a very successful confer- zoos and aquariums are not active nounced a partnership with WAZA level to build cooperative approaches to WAZA member needs. ence with great presentations; chal- agents of species conservation. to offer grants to WAZA members on

During his tenure WAZA has grown its partnerships in several areas, including with the IUCN, lenging and relevant workshops; and nature play to engage young people the Convention on Biological Diversity, the UNEP Convention on Migratory Species, CITES, RAMSAR, impressive side events and dinners As a part of the active focus of the with nature. This is an extraordinarily which showcased Africam Safari and conference, it was impressive that so generous and innovative approach, the International Council of Museums (ICOM) – Natural History Museums, TRAFFIC and Wild Welfare. the rich history of Puebla, Mexico. many WAZA members made a finan- which has been operating extremely A particularly notable achievement has been Gerald’s successful application and management of a major On behalf of all, I pass on a huge cial commitment to TRAFFIC. This well at AZA, so its extension to global community awareness raising initiative, Biodiversity is Us, which rolled out in zoos and aquariums thanks to Amy and Frank Camacho definitely shows the commitment of WAZA is extremely exciting. Thank across the world. This included the incorporation of the first ever global visitor survey of zoo and aquarium and their accomplished team at WAZA members to wildlife conser- you Disney! visitors as a part of the UN Decade on Biodiversity. Gerald also oversaw the growth of social media and Africam Safari. It was a wonderful vation and also to the combined

communication for WAZA and was responsible for many very successful conferences and global forums. conference. power of zoos to make a difference Again, many thanks to our confer- Gerald leaves WAZA on 30 November 2016. Gerald has been invited to the WAZA Conference in Berlin for wildlife. WAZA office is presently ence hosts and to all the contribu- so that his contribution can be appropriately recognised and acknowledged. I hope that you will join us at liaising with TRAFFIC about how to tors and participants at our WAZA structure this special WAZA con- annual conference. It was lively, the conference to thank Gerald. I am sure that you all wish Gerald success and happiness in his retirement. tribution to combat wildlife crime. interactive, political, challenging Thank you, Gerald. I hope that many more WAZA mem- and educational. It also essentially WAZA Council will shortly be announcing the appointment of an interim WAZA Executive Director bers will get involved with fighting reflected the innovation and positive and a global search for a new Executive Director will also shortly commence. wildlife crime, through a donation work being done locally, regionally Susan Hunt, President WAZA and/or by using the Wildlife Witness and in partnership throughout our App in your local communities. More zoo and aquarium world. to come on this! 4 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 5

Doug Cress – Great Apes Survival Partnership (GRASP) Illegal Trade in Great Apes

As the passengers at the Cairo Inter- Great apes comprise a highly profit- Experts agree that millions of live national Airport waited to board a able and symbolic aspect of the $23 animals and plants are shuttled recent flight to Kuwait, none seemed billion US illegal wildlife trade – the illegally around the world each day. any different from the rest. It was the fourth most lucrative black market Exact numbers are difficult to come same mix of men and women and after drugs, people and arms smug- by, but an estimated 40,000 live children seen in countless airports gling – and the live trade relies primates, 4 million live birds, 640,000 in countless cities around the world heavily on corrupt officials and daring live reptiles, and 350 million live tropi- each day. couriers to sustain the traffic. Com- cal fish are traded globally each year. monly known as the “pet trade,” this In a single market in North Sulawesi, Yet one solitary man was differ- criminal network is able to supply Indonesia, up to 90,000 mammals ent – he had a live chimpanzee in his cheetahs to the United Arab Emirates, were sold in a single year, and a suitcase. tigers to Qatar, macaws to the Czech survey at a market in Thailand that Republic, and pythons to the United spanned 25 weekends found 70,000 When officials behind the security States. Although data on the scale birds, representing of 276 species, x­‑ray machine saw the skeleton of a and scope of the live illegal wildlife were sold. A similar survey of four hunched­‑up animal on their screens, trade is limited, it is clearly big busi- markets in Bangkok found that of the they unzipped the bag to find an ness that attracts drug cartels, arms 36,537 birds observed, only 37% were infant chimpanzee staring up at them. suppliers, counterfeit organizations, native to Thailand, while 63% were and a host of other illegal networks. non­‑native species. Egyptian customs officials seized the chimpanzee, which is an endangered The world’s zoos play important roles That said, the illicit traffic in chimpan- species listed as Appendix I by the in the battle to stop illegal trade. In zees, gorillas, bonobos and orangu- © GRASP / Laura Darby Convention on International Trade in the case of the chimpanzee cited tans – all of which are listed by the Gari’s Arrival. Endangered Species of Wild Fauna earlier, the seized animal was taken IUCN as either “endangered” or “criti- and Flora (CITES). Trade is prohibited to the Giza Zoo in Cairo, one of the cally endangered” – appears to have in such species in all but the rarest many zoos in major cities that serve been dramatically under­‑reported for The Apes Seizure Database was Most illegal trade databases rely of cases, and then only with proper as CITES confiscation centres when a more than a decade. Because 90 per- launched at the 17th CITES Conference solely on reports filed by the nations documentation – of which this ship- country does not have an accredited cent of all great ape seizures occur of the Parties in Johannesburg, South of the world, and are often more than ment had none. But the attempt to sanctuary or rehabilitation centre or within national borders, they do not Africa, in September 2016. The result a year out of date. But while data smuggle a great ape through a major those facilities are already filled to qualify for entry into international of a two­‑year collaboration between from GRASP’s 39 partner national international hub only hints at the capacity. Zoos in Qatar, South Africa, illegal trade databases maintained How much of an impact? That is dif- the United Nations Great Apes Surviv- governments will be accepted into massive and lucrative illegal trade India, Kuwait, Uganda, Malaysia and by the World Customs Organization ficult to say, but experts have agreed al Partnership (GRASP) and the U. N. the Apes Seizure Database, so will in live exotic animals that threatens elsewhere have assumed that respon- (WC), the United Nations Office on for years that far more great apes die Environment Programme – World entries from other partners such as to decimate wild populations and sibility in recent years, often holding Drugs and Crime (UNODC) or CITES. during the hunt and capture than are Conservation Monitoring Centre conservation organizations, research ecosystems, even as it exposes entire the seized animals until a repatriation As a result, CITES classifies the trade ever trafficked. With chimpanzees (UNEP­‑WCMC), the database draws institutions, U. N. agencies, private cities and regions to corruption, vio- agreement can be reached with the in apes as “limited.” and bonobos, the estimates run as on all of the expertise and capacity of companies, and zoos. Each entry lence and deadly diseases. country of origin. high as 10 dead for every live speci- GRASP’s 105 partners, which include will be reviewed by an expert panel But a 2013 United Nations report, Sto‑ men procured, primarily because all major zoo associations, including before it is entered into the database, In addition, zoos have the potential len Apes, began to question that clas- both those apes live in large social the World Association of Zoos and and multiple entries regarding the to educate a vast audience as to the sification, and uncovered a systemat- groups and defend threats to their Aquariums (WAZA), the Association same seizure will only strengthen the ills of illegal trade. Over 700 million ic trade that not only thrived for more families in force, compelling hunters of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA), and accuracy and depth of data. Informa- visitors enter zoos somewhere in than 20 years, but also appeared to to kill entire populations to snatch a the European Association of Zoos tion contained in the database will be the world each year – more people be growing. One of the recommenda- single baby for sale. Gorilla losses are and Aquaria (EAZA), and many major protected from the public, thereby than attend all of the major sporting tions of Stolen Apes was a database put at four to one, and orangutans, zoos in Europe and North America. ensuring the level of credibility neces- events annually around the globe – to track the traffic in apes – whether which tend to live solitary lives, were sary to produce reliable and secure and with so many zoos now either they crossed international borders or put at one to one, reasoning that only data. funding or facilitating conservation not – given that both national and in- the mother was usually killed in order programmes in the wild, the link to ternational trade were considered to to acquire an infant. the damage caused by illegal trade is have an impact on wild populations. stronger than ever. 6 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 7

The initial results from the Apes Advertising Seizure Database are deeply dis- turbing. Over 1,800 chimpanzees, gorillas, bonobos and orangutans have been seized since 2005, and seizures – which are defined as the act of removing great apes from an unlawful situation – currently aver- age 2.1 per week. Seizures occurred in 23 countries during that time, but almost half of the seizures were re- corded in Europe, Asia and the Middle East – none of which encompass the natural home range of great apes – indicating that the traffic does indeed cross borders.

Orangutans comprise 67 percent of the seizures currently in the Apes Seizure Database, surely the result of the massive conversion of rainfor- est into oil palm plantations that has © WCS © Photo courtesy GRASP and partners. altered the landscape so dramatically Seizure of 16 orangutans in a backpack. Orangutan rescue 2016. in Borneo and Sumatra over the past decade. Chimpanzees are next at 24 percent, with gorillas (6 percent) and bonobos (3 percent) much rarer But there is another important reason The great apes trade also facilitates performances, boxing matches and But the Apes Seizure Database alone in the wild and therefore much less to halt the illegal trade in great apes: corruption that undermines the rule photo opportunities for decades, and cannot end the illegal trade in great often traded. human health. Unlike elephant ivory, of law at key transportation and China’s deep investment in African apes. Nor will simply punishing the rhinoceros horns or pangolin scale, security points. Because an infant development is thought by many to source countries in Africa and Asia, But as indicated earlier, the seizure great apes are primarily traded alive, chimpanzee requires constant food be a major facilitator of the trade. many of which lack the manpower records only tell a small part of the meaning they are shuttled through and care, smugglers cannot afford to A chimpanzee can sell for $26,000 US or legal systems to stem the tide. As overall story, particularly as regards major airports and dropped into be patient as they might with a con- on the black market, while a go- with all illegal trade, engagement great apes. Many, many more chim- major cities without any veterinary tainer full of ivory, leaving it to hide rilla might bring $40,000 US, reason with the source, transit and destina- panzees, gorillas, bonobos and oran- care or quarantine, carrying with in plain sight on a dock somewhere enough to keep the source countries tion countries is required, and only gutans die than are ever trafficked – them extremely high risks of disease in East Africa until the conditions for in Africa and Asia at the table. if a deep commitment to behavior meaning the 400-plus chimpanzees transmission from pathogens that transport are right. Instead, great change follows through. The Apes in the database could easily represent can also infect humans. It is widely apes – the overwhelming majority of The Apes Seizure Database fills an Seizure Database was designed to 4,000 dead – and law enforcement accepted that major pandemics such which are trafficked as infants – re- important void in the battle to end accurately monitor the number of and investigative agencies agree that as HIV and ebola jumped into the quire high­‑risk routes and are nor- the illicit trade in great apes, and was chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans no more than 10 percent of any con- human population from wild sources, mally transported in carry­‑on luggage designed as a “live‑time” resource to and bonobos being lost from the wild traband is ever inspected or seized, including through the consumption of on board airplanes or stored in the support law enforcement measures. each year into unlawful situations. meaning the Apes Seizure Database great apes as bushmeat. Some recent hold in crates identified as household Unlike the slow upload of data men- But simply counting numbers won’t barely hints at the scale and scope Ebola hemorrhagic fever outbreaks in pets, and that requires pay­‑offs and tioned earlier that often follows cold mean much unless those numbers of the crisis. With Grauer’s gorillas, humans have been traced to contact bribes to customs officials and secu- cases where the only option is to tally actually count. Bornean orangutans and Western with infected great apes that were rity agents along the way. the dead, the Apes Seizure Database chimpanzees all recently upgraded to hunted for food, while, the SARS‑as- will provide data on trends, hotspots “critically endangered” by the IUCN, sociated coronavirus has been associ- Yet the markets for great apes con- and other indicators to law enforce- it would not take long for the illegal ated with the international trade in tinue to drive demand. In the Middle ment, investigative and regulatory trade to push some populations be- small carnivores. East, private menageries and the agencies on a regular basis, allowing yond the brink of sustainability. massive pet trade are to blame, and them to act much more quickly if that region also serves as a vital tran- chimpanzees are being trafficked out sit point for the sell­‑on of apes to Asia. of West Africa or orangutans are be- The myriad unaccredited zoos and sa- ing smuggled into the Middle East. Chester Zoo, Islands fari parks in China and Thailand have used chimpanzees and orangutans in 8 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 9

Aleah Bowie and Brian Hare – Duke University Effects of Using Great Apes in Advertising

On August 24, a Chinese woman took Many articles condemning the Er Images, the framing of messages, three­‑year‑old Er Mao on a shopping Mao spectacle shared the photos in and numerous psychological influ- trip to a mall in Kunming, China. The order to emphasize how orangutans ences impact our decisions to support, three‑year‑old spent the afternoon suffer in these types of situations. oppose, or neglect conservation trying on dresses, skirts, cheerleader Essentially, “Try to take Er Mao’s per- efforts. We wouldn’t know about outfits, and sunglasses – all the things spective, and you’ll realize its cruelty.” these influences without insights that little girls might love. However, there is another message from the study of human psychol- these experts may have overlooked: ogy. Our research team at Duke Mall­‑goers crowded around to take the effect the photos have on the University, is conducting some of the pictures of Er Mao because she’s not psychology of humans. Unfortunately, first experiments to test ideas about the typical three­‑year­‑old. Er Mao is caring individuals around the world how attitudes and behaviors regard- an orangutan from the Yunnan Wild sharing photos like these may unin- ing conservation might vary across Animals Park and the woman with her tentionally be harming orangutans as development and cultures. In this is her keeper. well. Several peer­‑reviewed scientific field, known as conservation psychol- publications show that viewing great ogy, the ultimate goal is to better The photos and videos of Er Mao apes in clothes and around humans understand how we can encourage quickly made the rounds on social increases the likelihood that people behaviors that promote conservation. media. Syndicated sites ran the imag- believe great apes make good house- Our initial work has relied completely es, so the story of the adorable oddity hold pets. Even when promoting on collaborations with AZA zoos and reached broad audiences. Within a conservation or welfare, using images PASA sanctuaries. week, anyone in China with a social of people together with apes may media presence had likely seen the do more harm than good (cf Fig). It © Aleah Bowie, Lola Ya Bonobo photos of the young orangutan in appears people are not encoding the Conservation education program at the Lola Ya Bonobo Sanctuary in DRC. human clothes. intended conservation message, and instead only paying attention to the Most of the press about Er Mao photos. In cases like that of Er Mao, simply shared the photos with some the best thing we can do to protect What is rise. As a complementary approach and benefits of supporting conserva- added captions. Less prominent were her and her species is to share eco- Conservation Psychology? to curbing these illegal markets, we tion initiatives while considering how articles by conservationists, research- logically appropriate media featuring propose examining the psychology of our support may affect our personal ers, and zoo personnel decrying the apes in their natural habitat while For the past decade, our research people involved in the crisis. What are resources, our friends or family’s Er Mao spectacle and working to pre- also discussing the damage inappro- group has conducted behavioral stud- the social influences and cognitive well‑being, and our own reputations. vent these incidents from happening priate media representation can have ies with chimpanzees and bonobos in biases that provoke people to exploit Governments and corporations make in the future. Experts agree that great on conservation efforts. an effort to understand the evolution these animals? How do images and decisions using these same consid- apes can become stressed when sub- of humans’ unique social cognition messages affect people’s willingness erations, although at a grander, more jected to situations unnatural for their and behavior. Having worked with to adopt pro­‑conservation behav- detached scale. Conservation, in species. Such events occur almost ex- these species for so long in captivity iors? Subsequently, can we use our essence, is the just another study of clusively for human viewership with and in the wild, we feel an obligation understanding of human behavior to human behavior. little understanding or consideration to contribute to their protection in encourage people to adopt behaviors of the apes’ welfare. their natural habitats. that will protect great apes? Biodiversity conservation relies on …The three-year-old spent the convincing people not to consume Each year, thousands of great apes Currently, psychologists have con- certain products or to break certain afternoon trying on dresses, skirts, are taken from the wild and illegally tributed little to conversations about habits. Psychologists have the tools transported within and across bor- conservation. However, everything to determine how best to encourage cheerleader outfits, and sunglasses… ders to wealthy patrons as meat or as about conservation – from the such behavior. Armed with insights pets. Despite the number of NGO’s condition of desecrated forests and from human psychology, we can working to curb the selling of great species within them, to the solutions improve communication and persua- apes and the destruction of their to stop or reverse such destruction- sion to reduce exploitation of species, habitats, the issue of the internation- -is a product of human cognition and incentivize people to donate al bushmeat and pet trades is on the and decision­‑making. Consciously or time, money, or effort to conserva- subconsciously, we weigh the cost tion causes. 10 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 11

For our study, we tested the effective- The Role of Zoos from various grants. Conservation ness of these psychology‑informed in Conservation Psychology psychology research at zoos is inex- strategies against the conventional pensive, is non­‑invasive, and does not factual messaging. We created Zoos can take the field of conserva- necessarily require additional work different brochures for a fictitious tion psychology from the fringes of of keepers or staff. Studies at zoos great ape conservation website. All academia to a widely used applied can be simple in scope­‑for instance, brochures were identical in terms of science with tremendous conserva- changing signage around displays in a layout and images, but the text was tion implications. Researchers can controlled, experimental manner and different for each. Participants saw conduct studies with student popula- measuring observable short­‑terms one brochure and were then asked a tions and general populations, but conservation behaviors. We can use Figure series of questions measuring their zoos provide a forum where we can trackable behaviors like observing Effect of human presence on perception attitude and behaviors. We found examine the effects of conservation whether people complete additional of chimpanzees as appealing pets. that compared to the brochure that psychology in real time and with real surveys or help keepers with a mun- The top bars display the proportion of survey respondents that agreed that wild chimpan- used factual messaging, the reputa- effects. dane task – the simple completion of zee populations were healthy/stable when tion‑enhancing messaging strategy which can be compared between ex- viewing one of four versions of a composite significantly increased viewers’ likeli- As a study of human behavior, studies perimental manipulations and signify image: those with an anthropomorphic (office setting) background, a jungle back- hood to engage in pro‑conservation in conservation psychology ought to behavior change. ground, a captive (zoo setting) background, behaviors after viewing the brochure. be conducted with a diverse range of or a neutral (blank white) background. The populations. For all of our research The field of conservation psychology bottom bars display the proportion of survey respondents that agreed that chimpanzees We conducted this study at Duke, group’s studies, including the previ- will need to be increasingly interdis- were appealing as pets after viewing one but working with zoos and sanctuar- ously described messaging study, we ciplinary in nature. We encourage of the same images with one of the four ies provides an opportunity to test collected data from populations in more researchers in psychology, above‑listed backgrounds (Stephen R. Ross, Vivian M. Vreeman and Elizabeth V. Lonsdorf, whether our findings translate to the three of the countries that have the conservation sciences, education 2011, PLoS ONE 6(7): e22050. doi:10.1371/ real world. We ran the same study on greatest stake in the future of African and related fields to embrace the journal.pone.0022050) the website of a PASA sanctuary for great apes: the Democratic Republic study of human behavior as it relates rescued bonobos. We created differ- of the Congo where all three African to biodiversity conservation. Zoos ent homepages for the website, and greats are found; China, which in- around the world interested in the text of each homepage corre- creasing has an economic presence in augmenting their contributions to sponded to one of the different mes- Central Africa, and the United States great apes and other species ought What Role Has Conservation The clear­‑cut results from these stud- An ongoing study in our research saging strategies. We used software which has contributed significantly to to include or encourage researchers Psychology Played in Great ies kick started a movement among group uses experimental methodol- commonly used by marketing compa- conservation of great apes over the working with them to conduct more Ape Conservation? researchers and conservationists to ogy to examine how messages used nies that randomly routed visitors to past few decades. By working with studies in this field. Zoos can partner only use photos of apes in natural by conservation organizations affect one of the homepages and anony- zoos in each of these countries to local universities, invite speakers to Research in conservation psychology settings not only for more formal viewers’ attitudes and behaviors mously tracked visitors’ engagement conduct studies, we can help NGO’s come and discuss how their work is already improving conservation ef- promotional materials for zoos and towards great apes. One commonly in the site. Like our first study done and zoos around the world improve in the social sciences can apply to forts for great apes. In 2008, Dr. Ste- the press, but on personal social used strategy to solicit help for great at Duke, our real­‑world experiment communication about great apes for conservation, and provide resources ve Ross of Lincoln Park Zoo and media profiles. The same researchers apes in brochures, in discussions, and found that psychology­‑informed broader audiences. The more zoos and small grants to encourage under- colleagues conducted the previously and conservationists campaigned to on websites is what we call factual strategies were more effective in become involved in this research, the graduate and graduate researchers mentioned study among zoo­‑visitors decrease the use of apes in advertise- messaging – conveying numeric or increasing actual engagement among more knowledge we will collectively to collaborate on projects. In addi- that found that common media ments and movies to decrease the geological information about great visitors compared to the convention- have about how humans make deci- tion, zoos can work with researchers portrayals of chimpanzees negatively downstream effects on the demand apes’ conservation status. However, al factual messaging strategy. sion about conservation. to publish their findings in accessible distort the public’s understanding for great apes as pets. plenty of research suggests that the peer reviewed journals in order to of their endangered conservation average person’s attitudes and be- The elegance of all these experiments Zoos that we have worked with, share their findings with other zoos status. A separate study conducted The studies mentioned above were havior does not change when faced is that they both further our under- including Zoo Atlanta and the North and sanctuaries around the world. by our research group demonstrated not just simple surveys. They had with facts and figures about a species’ standing of human behavior and they Carolina Zoo, support research in Sharing best practices, derived from that people actually donate less experimental designs, meaning the conservation. Why would it? Unless provide suggestions and recommen- numerous areas of study, and this has thorough experimental testing, is money to chimpanzee conservation researchers tested strategies that involved in conservation work, the dations to actual NGO’s and conserva- contributed to their reputations as how zoos around the world can play after they viewed chimpanzees in an they predicted would encourage average person does not have a refer- tionists working to improve great ape pioneers in conservation. Supporting a bigger part in conservation. entertainment context compared to pro­‑conservation behaviors against ence point when told the number of conservation efforts. All of these ex- research that has clear conservation when they viewed chimpanzees in conventional strategies or neutral animals left in the wild or approxi- periments could not have happened implications can open doors for zoos naturalistic settings. strategies. Only with experimental mate years until a species’ extinction. without the support and collaboration to receive more financial support designs can we truly know whether Instead of continuing to use this inef- of zoos. Zoos and Aquaria potentially interventions we put in place are fective tactic, why not appeal to psy- have a large role to play in furthering working. These studies tested chological mechanisms that we know of the field of conservation psychol- implicit measures of attitude, and can change behavior? For instance, ogy, and therein improving conserva- real measures of behavior, instead of we know from published psychology tion efforts for numerous species. hypothetical responses. The experi- research that humans are universally mental designs were also grounded in protective of their reputations and knowledge from published research the reputations of their social groups. journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0022050 in psychology. By building on what So, why not highlight how supporting journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0026048 we already know, we have a better conservation could improve people’s chance of coming up with strategies status within their social groups? that we know will work. 12 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 13

Lilian Pintea – the Jane Goodall Institute Combining High‑tech­ and Low­‑tech Mapping Tools to Protect Chimpanzees

More than fifty five years ago, on This article discusses the role of natural resources on the village lands July 14, 1960, Jane Goodall stepped high‑tech mapping technologies outside Gombe. TACARE staff quickly onto the shores of Lake Tanganyika combined with low­‑tech participa- learned that community buy‑in­ was and, through her groundbreaking dis- tory approaches to help plan, imple- essential for success. Therefore, the coveries about chimpanzees in what ment and monitor land uses that TACARE project added agriculture, is now Gombe National Park (Gombe) resulted in landscape restoration and health, social infrastructure, com- in Tanzania, opened a new window positive change. munity development, and clean water to the natural world and to ourselves. components to the range of conser- This unique long­‑term research Putting people, vation strategies it employed. continues today with chimpanzee chimpanzees and forests behavior data collected daily, every on the same map In 2000, JGI started to use satellite 15 minutes, by the Jane Goodall Insti- imagery and Geographic Informa- tute’s (JGI) Gombe Stream Research Gombe National Park was estab- tion Systems (GIS) to complement Center and digitized, managed, and lished in 1968 and covers a land its long­‑term chimpanzee behaviour analyzed by Duke University, Uni- area of 36 km2 and 20 km2 of aquatic dataset with habitat change informa- versity of Minnesota, Arizona State habitats, approximately the size of tion as detected by historical satel- University, George Washington Uni- Manhattan in total, along the Lake lite imagery inside and outside the versity and other research partners. Tanganyika. Although small, Gombe park. More than 400,000 chimpanzee is rich in biodiversity. behaviour observations were mapped © the Jane Goodall Institute, Rob Sassor Tabora at Gombe. In addition to being the longest con- into a geo­‑database using Esri’s GIS tinuously running great ape research Over the last few decades, however, software. Analysis of images from site in the world, Gombe is also at there has been significant deforesta- space acquired by various satellites From Maps to Smarter chimpanzee presence, potential suit- At the end of the land use planning the forefront of exploring innovative tion and environmental degrada- such as Landsat and SPOT confirmed Land Use Plans able habitats, deforestation, steep process in 2009, 13 out of 14 villages solutions to complex conservation tion outside the park. In addition to that while forest cover improved in- slopes, footpaths, roads, streams, within GGE completed their partici- challenges. In 1992, whilst flying over habitat loss and fragmentation, other side Gombe National Park more than The Institute in 2005, started to use watersheds, and density of human patory village land­‑use plans, which Gombe, Jane witnessed the almost threats – primarily disease – have put 64% of forests and woodlands were Geodesign and Conservation Action structures mapped from historical became ratified by the Tanzanian total loss of forest and woodlands the chimpanzees at an even higher lost between 1972 and 1999 in core Planning (CAP) using Open Standards satellite, high resolution 60-centim- government. Local communities vol- outside the park, and realized that risk. While internationally renowned, chimpanzee range outside Gombe. to bring people, indigenous and sci- eter QuickBird DigitalGlobe imagery untarily assigned 9,690 hectares, or “there’s no way we can even attempt the chimpanzees of Gombe became entific knowledge, data and mapping and participatory mapping of expert 26%, of their village lands as Village to save the Gombe chimpanzees one of the most threatened wild The first 1-meter high resolution technologies together to develop knowledge. Forest Reserves. Guided geographi- unless we improve the lives of the chimpanzee populations in the world. imagery acquired from space in 2002 more effective conservation strate- cally by one conservation vision and people living around that last little Deforestation in hilly terrain of the by IKONOS satellite opened a new gies. One of those strategies was Informed by the Greater Gombe plan, these reserves were intercon- oasis of forest.” ecosystem also resulted in unstable era for the Institute’s community cen- participatory village land use plan- Ecosystem (GGE) CAP, participatory nected across village boundaries to watersheds, threatening local settle- tered approach. For the first time JGI ning to establish zones for agriculture village land­‑use plans were devel- minimize fragmentation and covered For more than twenty years JGI has ments with more frequent and severe staff and community representatives and community­‑managed village for- oped by the communities according 68% of the priority core conservation been working with individual farmers, landslides and flash floods. Daily lives could see on the same satellite image est reserves that benefit watersheds, to Tanzanian land policy and with full area defined by the GGE CAP. local communities, and governments for many people become increasingly map, trees used by chimpanzees people and chimpanzees. involvement of government and com- along with science and technology difficult as water quality and quan- along with farms and other land uses munity stakeholders. JGI facilitated partners to learn how to design tity was reduced and wood for fuel important for people’s livelihoods. The Geodesign and CAP efforts the process and provided technical landscapes that better work for both became increasingly scarce. This enabled everyone, from villagers helped prioritize spatially where vil- support, including maps and mapping …26% of their people and chimpanzees. Today to scientists, conservation practition- lage forest reserves should be ideally tools to record and manage land use many of those woodlands outside JGI began working with the local com- ers and government decisions makers, located. A core conservation area data. The planning process followed village lands as Gombe are coming back thanks to munities in 1994 through the Lake to develop a common understanding was defined that, if protected, would seven steps and required villagers natural regeneration in village forest Tanganyika Catchment Reforestation of the landscape, agree on the major substantially increase the viability of to settle any existing land disagree- Village Forest reserves established and managed and Education (TACARE) project. threats and work together towards a chimpanzees inside and outside the ments and agree on village bounda- by the local communities with sup- TACARE’s focus is to seek ways of vision and plan to save Gombe. park and stabilize the watersheds to ries and how land resources located Reserves… port from JGI. arresting the rapid degradation of support human livelihoods. This core within the villages should be used to conservation area was delineated meet specific human livelihood needs by overlaying historic distribution of and conservation objectives. 14 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 15

Recent developments in remote sensing and cloud computing enable the use of Earth satellite observations to provide a synoptic view of chim- panzee habitats at finer spatial and temporal resolutions that are locally relevant and consistent across the entire species’ range. JGI partnered with scientists from the University of Maryland (UMD), NASA, and others to develop a Decision Support Sys- tem (DSS) to monitor and forecast in near–real time chimpanzee habitat health in Africa. The system inte- grates fifteen years of Earth obser- vations from 30-meter resolution Landsat data with a species‑specific­ © the Jane Goodall Institute, Lilian Pintea habitat suitability model, and a Developing a Conservation Action Plan for model forecasting future land use the Gombe Mahale Ecosystem in western change, enhanced by crowd­‑sourced Tanzania using participatory mapping of field data collected by local com- expert knowledge and Open Standards for the Practice of Conservation. munities and rangers using mobile Scaling up smartphones and tablets.

Emerging new Unmanned Aerial The work completed and the lessons This dynamic and complex model- Vehicle (UAV) or drone technologies learned from the GGE have been ling system continuously updated © the Jane Goodall Institute, Lilian Pintea could also be a powerful and locally successfully applied to other areas via Earth observations will provide Training village forest monitors to use Android smartphones and Open Data Kit (ODK) to patrol their Village Forest Reserve available participatory tools that in Tanzania as well as to other JGI pro- critical and cost­‑saving informa- and collect data on wildlife, illegal human activities and threats to wildlife and forests in western Tanzania. could acquire village scale imagery ject sites in Uganda, Congo, DRC and tion to decision­‑makers to inform to support evaluation of ongoing now across Africa. What happened to village scale land use efforts similar implementation of village land use Gombe is happening to many other to Gombe or monitor the entire Monitoring Village Forest Measuring Conservation plans and measure conservation forest patches around the world. chimpanzee range in Africa. And like Reserves Success success. JGI in collaboration with Chimpanzee’s, are threatened across in Gombe, by combining high‑tech the local communities, Conserva- their entire range by habitat loss perspectives from space with the The newly established village land In collaboration with Blue Raster, Evaluating the effectiveness of con- tion Drones, Liverpool John Moores and fragmentation, illegal bushmeat on‑the­‑ground conservation in use plans for the first time recog- JGI developed a Community Forest servation strategies is an important University and Ugalla Primate Project hunting, disease and the illegal pet practice we will be more effective nized local communities land tenures Monitoring dashboard that was built step for any conservation organiza- have been assessing the feasibility trade. It has been estimated that to convert big geospatial data into and rights to resources outside the using Esri’s ArcGIS Online mapping tion. It helps review our assumptions of using UAVs to map chimpanzee more than 70% of chimpanzee tropi- useful management information to Gombe. JGI continued to support platform to publish and visualize on how the world works and adapt nests and complement ongoing vil- cal forest habitats are now threat- protect chimpanzees. village governments helping to community patrol data on maps and and fine­‑tune our efforts to abate the lage forest monitoring efforts using ened by infrastructure development establish community‑based­ organiza- interactive charts accessible online most important threats to chimpan- mobile technologies and from high and conversion to agriculture and This work is made possible by the tions (CBOs) and develop bylaws to even with low internet connectivity. zees. Thanks to a generous partner- resolution satellite images. In June settlements. generous support of the American implement these plans. Communi- Thanks to the dashboard, local deci- ship, DigitalGlobe has been using its 2015 Conservation Drones with finan- people through the United States ties set up Village Forest Monitoring sion makers can use now community powerful constellation of satellites to cial support from United States Fish The Institute’s main conservation Agency for International Develop- programs. Each community identi- monitoring data towards evaluating acquire very high resolution imagery and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and objective is to stabilize and protect ment (USAID) and the government fied up to two Forest Monitors per the implementation of village land over Gombe and the larger GGE. the National Aeronautics and Space wild chimpanzee populations by ad- of Tanzania. Special thanks to Esri, village. With support from Google use plans. For example, they can Using 2005 and 2014 DigitalGlobe Administration (NASA), trained JGI dressing the most important threats Digital Globe and Google Earth Earth Outreach, JGI equipped and zoom in to the Kigalye village and see satellite data and Esri’s ArcGIS Online staff in Kigoma. In two days with the to their survival, such as habitat loss. Outreach for support with geospatial trained Village Forest Monitors to that Kigalye Forest Reserve has been platform we can visualize and share participation of local communities JGI is a global community conserva- technologies. use Android smartphones and tablets very well patrolled compared to other with the world that Kigalye Village we successfully acquired very high tion organization that advances the and Open Data Kit (ODK) to collect villages. Decision makers could use has been very successful in imple- resolution imagery from UAVs cover- vision and work of Dr. Jane Goodall. and report data on wildlife presence the dashboard also to see encounter menting its land use plan minimizing ing three village forest reserves in By protecting chimpanzees and in- for more than 20 species, including rates of wildlife and illegal activates, farming, tree cutting and fire to allow very rugged terrain along Rift Valley spiring action to conserve the natural chimpanzees, as well as more than print maps or browse the pictures re- woodlands to regenerate naturally in north east of Gombe. In May 2016 we world we all share, JGI improves the 30 different types of illegal human ported by the Village Forest Monitors. their Village Forest Reserve. repeated the flights and were able to lives of people, animals, and the activities or threats. map changes in land use. environment. We welcome Zoo’s to get involved with our groundbreaking conservation work in Africa. 16 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 17

Debbie Cox – the Jane Goodall Institute Roadside Billboard Campaign A Measured Success in Great Ape Conservation in the Republic of Congo

The goal of the campaign was to Current Program ensure that 100% of adults in the Re- public of Congo are aware of the pro- With the assistance of the educational tected status of Great Apes in 2016. In and scientific team at Disney Animal 2007 the Institute, with seed funding Kingdom, the JGI team in Congo from BBC wildlife magazine, installed wants to ensure the expansion of the 20 roadside billboards in Pointe Noire, billboard program. Ideally, we will be outlying villages and along major able to capture evidence regarding routes into the city. The installation the impact of the billboards on the of the billboards coincided with a local population’s understanding, at- © Fernando Turmo, the Jane Goodall Institute dramatic drop in the number of chim- titudes and behaviours. Pre and post Billboards. © Fernando Turmo, the Jane Goodall Institute panzees arriving at the Tchimpounga billboard installation surveys are going Billboards. Rehabilitation Centre a safe haven for to be critical in understanding these orphaned chimps in Pointe Noir. The perceptions and attitudes and any Institute operates this sanctuary, and resulting shifts. The program’s aim is Methodology Results to date within a 5 year period, orphans arriv- to install billboards in every town that ing to the sanctuary dropped from has a population of more than 5000 Initially, we conducted surveys in There was a clear divide in responses answered that great apes are most In the past ten years, we have seen 23% to 0%. inhabitants. This population density questionnaire form on paper. This based on geographic location. For important for future generations, and a 50% reduction in the ‘new arrival’ is represented in 47 towns or cities in was a time consuming process, instance, it is apparent that people in are the pride of Congo. We see this rates for Tchimpounga. This trend There was an apparent positive im- the entire country. In other words, we taking education staff 2-3 days to the northern regions of the country as a success in our messaging, as the has coincided with the installation pact of the billboards, but the exact would be testing the impact of the complete. In order to increase ef- were more familiar with the wildlife billboards focused on the intrinsic of the billboards. However, this data impact had not so far been measured billboards on 60% of the country’s ficiency and manage data effectively, conservation issues than central value of the apes, rather than eco- may just reflect only a reduction in via pre and post billboard installation population. There is a huge amount of JGI is now conducting surveys using Congo. nomic or direct value. persons holding infant chimpanzees surveys. Thus, it has been difficult hope that by establishing billboards Android Nexus tablets with the open in an effort to sell them. It is quite to prove that billboards are solely in these 47 towns and cities, we could source software program mobile app For the question “Did the respond- Since the installation of the billboards, likely that infants are killed alongside responsible for the dramatic change potentially educate more people than “Open Data Kit” (ODK), developed by ent know someone who ate apes?” we saw a dramatic increase in the adults for meat. It is difficult to know in awareness about great apes. just those living in the towns and Washington University. People from the north responded “no” number of people citing a conse- exactly how many wild chimpanzees cities. Individuals from smaller towns in a larger frequency. It is most likely quence and action for committing a are being killed in the forest. The JGI education team believes that and villages in rural locations often One of the great advantages of using that eating practices did not change wildlife crime against great apes as the billboards have made a significant visit larger towns to shop and obtain the tablets and ODK is the expedi- dramatically in 6 months. However, prison time. This is a gratifying shift in Data from patrols and surveillance difference, and preliminary data now services not available in their small ency with which data can be reviewed the fear of imprisonment (and knowl- attitude. Prior to the billboard instal- by eco­‑guards from Conkouati‑Douli­ supports this assertion. Therefore, it towns. Our assumption is that after and shared with partners. Also, the edge of committing a crime) may lation, respondents rarely mentioned National Park (which is also located in has been proposed that the billboard encountering a billboard in these areas, data collection process can be moni- have altered people’s answers in this prison as a consequence. We included the same region as the sanctuary and campaign program be expanded to they would become aware of the dire tored in real­‑time. region. It was also observed that gen- the information that prison time is a where the original billboards were include the entire country and to de- situation of Great Apes. erally people reported eating more potential action for poaching great installed) do indicate a drop in the vise a monitoring process to directly The first round of post testing was apes in central Congo, than com- apes on our billboards. This change killing rates of great apes. This trend measure impact. JGI has selected prime locations such conducted between six to twelve pared to northern Congo. Since many in attitude implies that people are also coincides within the timeframe as markets, railway lines, airports, months after installation of billboards. new arrivals to our Tchimpounga aware of billboards and are noticing of billboard installation in the region. seaports and toll gates, as well as At least ten sites have been identified Sanctuary come via Brazzaville, it was the information on them. The data Additionally, the population census of major roads (leading from large for- as long term study sites. Staff will re- long assumed that they are sourced strongly suggests a greater change in wild apes in the same park shows an est zones) for the focus study. Our as- turn to these sites annually to repeat from Northern Congo, yet our results attitudes in Northern Congo. increase in the wild ape population. sumption is that at some point within the surveys and to measure if shifts seem to imply otherwise. It appears the year, most adults will have passed in attitude and practices occur over that Central Congo has been the main The recent Ebola outbreak in West by at least one of these signs. a longer period of time. illegal trade and killing zone. Africa seems to have influenced people’s behaviour with respect to By April 2015 and with support from Respondents considered great apes hunting and purchasing practices EAZA, Disney Conservation Wild- to be important for tourism, zoos and associated with great apes. Before life Fund, and private donors, we meat in the pre­‑installation survey. the Ebola outbreak, we saw a reason- installed 82 billboards (60% of the The post­‑installation surveys, con- able proportion of men hunting great targeted number). ducted at least 6 months after the apes. After the outbreak, in a survey installation of the billboards, show conducted in July 2015, we saw peo- a change in priorities. People now ple preferring to purchase meat. 18 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 19

Shawn Sweeney1 and Erin Viera‑Orr­ 2 Community Mapping – A Tool to Empower Young People

We have the choice Jane Goodall’s Roots & Shoots, is Some global JGI campaigns include: to use the gift of our lives to a global network of young people Mobile Phone Recycling in 8 different make the world a better place, empowered and inspired to take countries with JGI Australia joining or not to bother. action to improve our world and forces with Taronga’s Conserva- Dr. Jane Goodall take action within their communities tion Society to create even a wider or worldwide. Founded more than positive and financial impact. Chimp Young people want to make the world 25 years ago by Dr. Goodall and a Champions occurs in over 15 coun- a better place. They want to make group of Tanzanian students, Roots tries where youth support the care the choice to improve the world. & Shoots (R&S) helps young people of orphaned chimps under JGI’s care The problem is not apathy, it is that to lead projects in their communities in the Republic of Congo, and there they may not know HOW to make that benefit people, animals and the are also global habitat protection the world a better place, or how to environment. Through learning about campaigns, raising awareness and prioritize which issues need the most their community, young people dis- action for the use sustainable Palm attention. cover more about the issues or prob- Oil, and raising awareness and some- lems that exist, and develop a passion times funds for NGO’s undertaking Dr. Jane Goodall, as an internationally for wanting to find solutions. After the eradication of animal trafficking respected primatologist and con- identifying these problems, they or making behavioural enrichment servationist, urges us to look at our work with an adult mentor to come toys for Zoo animals. Youth can really everyday actions and to make sure up with a project they themselves design any campaign they choose. that we’re all making choices while lead. Through R & S, young people thinking about other people, animals target an issue, receive guidance, roll R&S builds on Dr. Jane’s vision of © Fernando Turmo, the Jane Goodall Institute and the environment. Everything we up their sleeves and take action. It’s placing the power and responsibility Billboards. do in our daily lives can be impact- simple and makes a great positive for creating community­‑based solu- ful – like when we choose what we’re difference. tions to big challenges in the hands of going to wear, what we’re going to young people. Conclusion eat, how we’re being transported R&S is found in over 100 countries, around our area etc. The kind of where young people explore prob- A great R&S example of how the sci- We believe that the data from these These findings will help direct our fu- We have received 4 chimpanzees questions we could ask could be, lems in their communities and brain- entific tools which the Institute uses surveys indicates that a compre- ture education and public awareness from this region at Tchimpounga, “Are these decisions having a nega- storm solutions to create projects for conservation in the field is being hensive public awareness campaign programs. It is obvious that more therefore, it is crucial for us to tive effect on non‑human animals? that help solve those problems. Youth transferred to the classroom is the can have a positive impact on the intensive interventions in the central educate the public here. Through co- Are they polluting the environment? become part of the JGI global family, Community Mapping Tool. conservation of endangered spe- region of Congo are required. These ordinated efforts with conservation How are they affecting other people? make a difference in their community, cies. It also indicates that by creating communities are more likely than NGO’s, wildlife authorities and our What are some alternatives that gain volunteer opportunities, learn a public awareness campaign it is others to hunt or kill apes, and are education and monitoring programs, we could embrace to make these leadership skills, get access to great possible to create a shift in knowl- also more likely to ignore laws built we have been able to identify the everyday decisions actually improve resources, and join existing global edge, attitudes and practices of local to protect the apes. In our opinion, origin of the infants that arrive on our community?” When we make campaigns to create a better world. human populations. this could be a result of a lack of pro- our doorstep. We hope that with small changes in our daily behaviour tected areas for apes and an absence further cooperation and integration, and see how it can truly improve the of conservation NGO presence in the and by creating more public aware- world, there is a sense of empower- central regions of Congo. Our aim is ness campaigns, we can track and ment that develops which is unlike to find support enabling us to deploy monitor great apes while educat- any other feeling. And because of this, our education teams into the central ing the people in Congo about their with each new decision made with regions, as well to conduct educa- importance. greater care and awareness, we are …Are these decisions having tion programs with local communi- inspired to do more. ties, authorities and schools to help a negative effect on non‑human increase understanding and respect for great apes along with the laws animals? that protect them.

1 the Jane Goodall Institute 2 Roots & Shoots, the Jane Goodall Institute 20 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 21

© the Jane Goodall Institute Roots & Shoots community map drawing from the Czech Republic.

Students from Longfellow Elementary School in Waldorf, MD from left to right Tara A., Sakshi S., Matthew K., and Michaela T. © the Jane Goodall Institute

Why Mapping with Kids? Tapestry of Hope Conservation in Africa to Conservation in our One of the methods used to help community members to identify ar- When Dr. Goodall started Roots & One example of this mapping is hap- Dr. Goodall often remarks that when Backyards protect and even restore chimpanzee eas to make the biggest difference in Shoots, she knew that the empower- pening in Morgantown, West Virginia, we only look at all of the overwhelm- habitats is a form of community map- conservation and sustainability. Now ment of young people would only USA. Roots & Shoots members have ing global problems we face, it’s Dr. Jane Goodall is famous for her ping, that helps JGI and these local being shared in many parts of the happen if they were given the op- been working to increase adoptions easy to feel hopeless. Instead, with research and conservation work with communities establish land use plans. world, this very process allows young portunity to identify issues that they and support donations to no­‑kill Roots & Shoots, the Jane Goodall chimpanzees. In 1900, an estimated In these plans, the communities doc- people to gain similar perspective wanted to address, and to take the shelters while also trying to decrease Institute helps young people focus 1 million chimpanzees lived in the ument how their land is being used of their own areas. By visiting their leadership role in the project they pet abandonment. Beginning with on the simple ways each and every wild – today, chimpanzees are en- currently, where important places surrounding neighbourhoods, young chose to implement as a solution. a community map using Google My day they can make a choice to make dangered with fewer than 300,000 are – sacred sites, community land, people make observations, (just like Mapping with young people helps Maps, they first identified the need their communities a better place for remaining. The Jane Goodall Institute, etc – and how they want their land Jane Goodall did) and document char- them explore their community, learn to support no­‑kill shelters and then people, animals and the environment. works across the Congo Basin and to be used in the future, in the most acteristics of their community. They about the area around them and dived into research to become ex- And when all those everyday actions East Africa (with expanding reach) in sustainable way possible. Through also document local resources and identify the problems that are most perts on those shelters along with the come together all over the globe, partnership with communities living this process of participatory mapping, problems/issues. They not only make important to tackle. It helps youth entire pet abandonment issue in their those big global problems don’t seem near chimpanzee habitats to better the communities and JGI alike, gain observations of WHAT they see, but visualize the problems facing their community. They launched their Paw as daunting. As a response to this, understand the problems they are important perspective on the land. WHERE they see it, and the relation- community in real time, and to learn Protectors campaign with a YouTube Roots & Shoots created the Tapestry facing- both in the lives of people and This informs what and where they ships between those things. to be able to tell the story of why that video to highlight their findings and of Hope, in collaboration with Sylvia chimps, as well as the health of their should continue to protect, and how problem is so pressing. It reveals to kick off their donation drive, and Earle’s Mission Blue and created with environments. Along with various they should change the way they are Roots & Shoots youth then come young people that they are not sepa- capped it off with a school­‑wide as- ESRI technology. This interactive methods of habitat protection, chimp using their resources. Each plan in- together as a group and make a map rate from their communities – from sembly. So far, they’ve collected 500 map shows how the impact of young protection, reforestation and re- cludes setting aside a portion of land of these observations. Seeing their the people, animals and environment newspapers, 400 pairs of latex gloves, people around the world is com- search, JGI works directly with human as a village forest reserve. From com- observations all in one place, the all around them – but are a part of it, 35 hand soaps, 20 dog toys, 14 kitty ing together to tackle some pretty communities. Together with these munity to community, these reserves group of young people can make and can do something to improve the litter scoops, 42 rolls of paper towels, incredible problems with even more communities, JGI supports education, create a patchwork corridor connect- shared decisions about the problems world. hundreds of plastic bags and 14 con- incredible solutions. One spot on the micro­‑credit loans and sustainable ing previously disparate populations that are most pressing in their com- tainers of Clorox wipes to donate to map at a time, youth are in fact mak- agricultural projects, which address of chimpanzees. munity, and what resources they can no­‑kill shelters. ing the world a better place. poverty and inequity holistically. By use to help them solve these issues. supporting the sustainable growth Following the lead of this amazing When they have made their choice, This process not only helps young We invite Zoo’s around the world and stabilization of communities near participatory conservation work they work together to plan their people gain important perspective to join our youth program Roots chimps together with community across Africa, Roots & Shoots decided project and get started. After each about their community, it also teach- & Shoots. Zoo’s can integrate R&S ei- members, JGI is able to effectively to create a parallel opportunity for project they celebrate their impact es valuable skills in a very unique way, ther through the Youth At the Zoo protect critical chimpanzee habitats young people to use a similar strat- and update their maps, ready to take often not found in schools. This makes (YATZ) program, school holiday and chimpanzees. egy. JGI’s scientists and field experts on their next challenge or continue it very easy to embed the process into programs or Educational Centres have developed a tool known as working on the same one perhaps in traditional learning settings. The Jane where youth attend lessons. By col- ‘Community Mapping’, which is used a new way. Goodall Institute has developed a di- laborating, Zoo’s and JGI can not only to explore local regions along with verse array of teaching resources and increase their outreach and greatly di- lessons that can be used with young versify youth programs, to our future people of all ages, from preschool leaders, but also together become through university and beyond. even a greater force for good. 22 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 23

Danielle Henry – Perth Zoo Into the Wild

Perth Zoo recently released another As soon as it was decided that Nyaru “Importantly after each release, we zoo­‑born Sumatran Orangutan into a would be a good candidate for pos- review and revise the process,” said protected rainforest in Indonesia. sible wild release, his ‘Jungle School’ Susan. “Every orangutan is an indi- training began. This is a program vidual and their release preparation is ‘Nyaru’ an eight year old male oran- which was developed with the Frank- adapted accordingly.” gutan was released into the Bukit furt Zoological Society to prepare Tigapuluh eco­‑system on 2 August orangutans for wild success. Lessons This meant that for Nyaru, the third 2016, the footage of the moment he include: orangutan to be released by Perth exited his crate made news all around Zoo, unlike his predecessors, his the world, yet this ‘moment’ was 1. Arborealism: Prior to release, preparation also involved spending many years in the making. Nyaru was given access to a live fig 12 weeks at the Sanctuary run by the tree, enabling him the opportunity Frankfurt Zoological Society in Suma- CEO of Perth Zoo, Susan Hunt, said: to learn how to navigate through tra to acclimatise to the Indonesian “We all know that any animal transfer a tree, understand which branches environment. It allowed the young takes a lot of work and coordina- would hold his weight and which ape time to become use to the cli- tion, but when you are releasing a ones would break. mate, various forest foods that could zoo‑born orangutan into the wild, it not be acquired in Australia whilst is a real team effort and one that had 2. Socialisation: The individual was developing a rapport with the Indo- many complexities. The successful provided socialised with a young nesian biologists who would monitor release wouldn’t have occurred with- female within the Perth Zoo and track him post­‑release. out our in situ­‑conservation partners, colony as well as introduced to the Frankfurt Zoological Society or his father, Dinar, so he could learn The added element of spending time without the support and cooperation how to behave in the presence at the Sanctuary paid dividends. It of the Australian and Indonesian gov- of other unknown orangutans. allowed Nyaru time to master many ernments, the Indonesian Ministry of Learning social boundaries and the of his jungle school skills. Forestry, Customs and bio security, appropriate way to behave would the Australian and Indonesian consu- equip him with vital skills when “By watching other orangutans he lates, airlines and transport compa- encountering other orangutans quickly learnt how to access live ter- © Perth Zoo nies… the list goes on.” whilst traveling through the jungle. mites, something he had never had Nyaru at Perth Zoo undertaking Jungle School in a live fig tree. to do before in a zoo environment. For Nyaru, his training for wild re- 3. Foraging: Prior to release, Nyaru’s It also improved his nest building lease began many years ago. “This is diet was changed substantially to skills and even his coat changed and For many working in the zoo industry, “We are a modern zoo committed And while the numbers of zoo born not something we do lightly. A lot of a ‘boom and bust’ diet emulating adapted to the humid environment, the release of animals to the wild is to conservation of wildlife through orangutans is only three and the work and resources go into preparing the natural seasonal fluctuations further setting him up for wild suc- the utopian ideal. However with this research, education and action. orphaned and ex­‑pet orangutans at each Sumatran Orangutan for life in in Sumatra. Perth Zoo keepers cess,” said Susan. release comes much commentary: To support a program on the ground Bukit Tigapuluh is now over 160, a the jungle,” said Susan. “The first part began increasing the types and “If this species is so endangered why which is aligned with our values, is zoo orangutan becoming part of this is identifying the right individual.” range of fruits and leaves and pro- Nyaru is now out in the jungle being is Perth Zoo doing this? Isn’t it much supported by the Indonesian authori- program also adds value in other viding him with a cycle of abun- monitored daily by Frankfurt Zoologi- safer to keep these orangutans in a ties, is scientifically based and runs ways,” said Susan. Right from the start Nyaru was dance and lean leaf­‑only periods – cal Society trackers and a Perth Zoo good zoo, like Perth Zoo? What is Perth consistent with IUCN guidelines is inquisitive and bold, two very useful just as it would be in the wild. staff member. In just a few weeks his Zoo trying to prove?” a perfect fit”. wild survival traits in a male orangu- This also provided Nyaru with progress has been encouraging. With- tan. Additionally, Nyaru was sired the opportunity to know how to in the first two days the zoo‑born “My message back is quite simple,” “Our staff have the skills and commit- by Dinar who originally came from distinguish ripe fruit from unready ape encountered a pregnant female says Susan. “With the largest Suma- ment to prepare our zoo orangutans Toronto Zoo. “His genes are com- or rancid, to extend his palate to and sub‑adult­ male testing his so- tran Orangutan colony in Australasia to join the Frankfurt Zoological pletely unrepresented in the reintro- include the bland foods that make cialisation skills. Nyaru has also been and one that is housed and displayed Society program to help re‑establish­ duced population in Bukit Tigapuluh up much of a wild orangutan’s sighted making increasingly more so- to replicate their natural social a new sustainable wild population at making Nyaru valuable genetically,” diet and to understand that things phisticated nests, including one with structure, Perth Zoo is well placed to Bukit Tigapuluh.​ said Susan. like grubs and bird eggs and even a roof to protect himself from the support a breed‑for­ ­‑release program”. frogs are food. intense Sumatran rainfall. His track- ers are providing food to supplement 4. Nesting skills: Nyaru was given his diet but he is actively foraging and time with his wild­‑born grand- finding foods including barks, leaves mother so that by observation he and rattan. could learn how to make a nest. 24 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 25

Frank Rietkerk – Apenheul Primate Park The Gorilla EEP Improving Standards, Raising Awareness, and Managing a Large and Complex ex situ Population

The coordinated breeding pro- gorillas have different personalities Organisation gramme for the Western gorilla (Goril‑ and an individual’s character may la gorilla) in the European region – the not be compatible with a perfect The organisation of these activities Gorilla EEP – is one of the oldest EEPs genetic scenario. The Gorilla EEP is in is reflected in the structure of the under the EAZA umbrella. It was initi- a fortunate position in that it is one of Gorilla EEP. Like all EEPs, it is man- ated in 1991 and the first coordinator the EEPs that can be self­‑sustainable. aged by a coordinator. There are two of the programme, Rosl Kirchhofer, The most recent calculations indicate vice­‑coordinators whose specific was also the international studbook that the population can retain 98.5% knowledge is frequently needed in © Perth Zoo keeper for this species at the time. of its genetic diversity for the next the day­‑to­‑day management of the Christian Schmidt took over from 200 years if managed with care. With population. The species committee Nyaru being transported to the release site at Sungai Pengian, Sumatra. Frau Kirchhofer when he became the a population of 473 individuals, a consists of 11 elected gorilla experts director of Frankfurt Zoo in 1994. In good founder base and good founder from EAZA zoos participating in 2006 coordination of the programme representation, steady growth and the programme, and there are five was transferred to Apenheul Primate relatively few space issues, the EEP advisors: a population management Park, while Frankfurt Zoo continued can afford to put individual before advisor, a veterinary advisor, a re- to maintain the international stud- population when this is necessary. search advisor, an in situ conservation book and still does to this day. This Still, one of the main tasks of the advisor and a genetic advisor. Finally, close partnership between the EEP programme continues to be to breed the Australasian region has been and the International Studbook is un- with gorillas with no or few relatives participating in the Gorilla EEP since usual as most breeding programme in the population. The target is the the 1990s and their regional gorilla coordinators manage the studbooks 98.5% genetic diversity – the EEP is coordinator is also a member of the themselves, but in fact it works well. aiming for that. species committee. Species Commit- tee meetings are held twice annually: Since 2006, the Gorilla EEP has slowly The western gorilla is a high profile once during the mid­‑year Great Ape but steadily organised its many dif- species and the deliberations of the TAG meeting, and once during the ferent tasks so that it can handle an EEP are followed not only by zoos annual EAZA conference. increasing need for quality accom- holding or wanting gorillas but by modation, individual animal welfare, a large group of people who are Working within the management © Perth Zoo © Perth Zoo research and growing interest from passionate about gorillas. Although structure of the programme are Palm oil fruits. Nyaru at Perth Zoo. zoos inside and outside the EAZA there are no formal relationships with three specialist groups: the Housing region. Just as importantly, the groups of gorilla enthusiasts, they Group, the Transfer Group and the scientific management of the popula- and the EEP do occasionally meet in Research Group. The Housing Group “It makes the world take notice. The It is not just an orangutan reintroduc- The Bukit Tigapuluh landscape is a tion needed to be carried out with email and other exchanges. Mostly advises zoos that are designing new global attention this and our previ- tion project but a large scale conser- biodiversity hotspot and through this high integrity. When working with these are friendly exchanges – and or upgrading existing gorilla facilities, ous orangutan releases have received vation program that includes helping partnership with the Frankfurt Zoo- apes, it is sometimes required to put occasionally there is a clash over spe- the Transfer Group plans the neces- helps put the species on the map support the rehabilitation and release logical Society our goal is to preserve the well being of an individual ahead cific issues. The EEP always tries to sary transfers of gorillas between and draws attention to the plight of of ex­‑pet, orphaned and illegally its beauty, its wildlife and its impor- of what is best for the population: be clear about its aims but the way it zoos twice a year, and the Research the fragile eco­‑system in Sumatra. trafficked orangutans, Sumatran tance as a functional ecosystem for works with international programmes Group monitors and advises students This attention helps protect Bukit Elephant conservation, community future generations. It’s more than a is that the work behind the scenes – who are carrying out research in zoos, Tigapuluh for the future and assists in development, education and for- transaction of Nyaru, one zoo­‑born the discussions, the meetings, the thereby focusing on research that is bringing in much needed funding to est protection via dedicated wildlife orangutan to the wild. It’s a genuine recommendations – are not in the of importance to the future manage- protect the area,” said Susan. patrol units. effort to save the Sumatran Orangu- public domain. Following the exam- ment of the species and that is car- tan and its natural habitat. ple of an as yet small number of EAZA ried out in several zoos in the course Importantly Nyaru’s release is just “In addition our staff support the Taxon Advisory Groups and EEPs, the of the project. one part of Perth Zoo’s Sumatran program on the ground by provid- Gorilla EEP is looking into the pos- commitment. Since 2006 Perth Zoo ing advice in veterinary care, ani- sibility of creating a public website or fundraising has contributed more mal husbandry and environmental page where the main activities of the than $2 million in protecting Bukit Ti- enrichment – it is a real collaborative Gorilla EEP can be followed by all. gapuluh – something the wider Perth project.” community is exceptionally proud of. 26 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 27

© Stichting Apenheul © Stichting Apenheul Gorilla Jambo at Apenheul. Gorillas at Apenheul. © Stichting Apenheul Gorilla Jambo at Apenheul. Awareness Longer Term

And last but not least, the Gorilla EEP Transfer Group spends weeks prepar- Gorillas are a very popular species in where there are no gorillas. Both are Conservation of gorillas in situ has until The population managed by the Goril- initiated the Gorilla Emergency Re- ing transfer and for this they need to zoos. Not only do visitors enjoy see- subject to the EEP’s strict quality re- recently not received the attention la EEP is in good shape. The benefits sponse Team several years ago. This be as current as possible on all issues ing these great apes, but gorillas are quirements. Recent inclusion of zoos of the EEP that it deserves. There are to the population of a growing num- team consists of a small number of with gorillas in the 74 participating also a flagship species for the African in Latin America, Asia and Africa in several reasons for that: one being, ber of zoos inside and outside the people from the Gorilla EEP Species zoos; they also need to have the most rainforests. There are many stories the programme prove that the quality that quite a few zoos participating in EAZA region participating in the EEP Committee who provide quick advice recent set of genetic analyses to that zoos can tell about that eco- of zoos in those regions is increasing the programme already provide con- are clear: apart from the improve- or organise other required actions make the best recommendations. system, and about great apes, their and that more and more zoo visitors siderable support to existing gorilla ments in husbandry, the expansion is when there is a gorilla in distress behaviour, research, coltan mining are able to see healthy gorillas in conservation projects of their own good for the long term sustainability and the zoo is unable to resolve the Time is an issue in the Gorilla EEP. and so on which reach a more recep- good conditions. And not only that: accord and do not require any pres- of a genetically diverse and physically problem itself. There are 20 people involved in the tive audience when told while people those gorillas are also part of a man- sure from the EEP. There are many healthy population of gorillas. But running of the programme and they are looking at or hearing about goril- aged population, they are monitored organisations worldwide involved in this comes with a down side, which is Decisions are made during the Spe- all spend a considerable amount las. The EEP therefore aims to spread and if things go wrong, measures can gorilla conservation and projects are that the population increase is almost cies Committee meetings. The elect- of time, some even more than a the stories that gorillas can tell to as be taken to make them right. often not dependent on zoo funding. perfectly divided among males and ed members of the committee are all considerable amount, on getting many people as possible. It can do Another reason is that the manage- females. Gorillas are a harem species, active in either the working groups things right. There are times when it this through reaching out to regions ment of the EEP population is already with one male leading a troupe of or they bring in another expertise in is nearly impossible to do everything where few or no zoos keep gorillas. taking up much of the time available a variable number of females and the group. During the meetings, the that is needed with the time available. This is a complex mission and the to the people involved. However, their offspring. In the wild, not all experts, advisors and working groups On the positive side, the cooperation EEP takes it slowly. It is possible for there are areas and projects where males manage to acquire their own all report to the meeting. The Hous- with the participating zoos is gener- zoos holding gorillas in regions where zoos can make a difference and the harem: it is the same in zoos. All ing Group has the unenviable task of ally excellent and the EEP’s aim for there is no coordinated programme in situ conservation advisor is tasked gorilla breeding programmes eventu- studying several sets of plans for new quality of management is reflected for this species to join the EEP, and with finding such projects. The EEP ally end up with more males than gorilla facilities every year and this not only in a steady improvement of the other possibility is to increase the then urges zoos that are not already are needed for breeding. Until now has to be done thoroughly. The Goril- gorilla facilities, but in general in a number of gorillas in zoos in areas contributing to the in situ conservation the EEP has been well able to cope la EEP is clear on this: if a facility does greater awareness of and respect for of gorillas – and the EEP does not limit by using a number of management not meet the standards set out in the individual animal welfare, of good itself to lowland gorillas – to support tools: first and foremost by focusing Gorilla EEP Best Practice Guidelines, husbandry practices and of a strong those projects. The Gorilla EEP also on breeding from animals with no or then the zoo will not receive gorillas sense of community. cherishes its long and good relation- few relatives in the population and until those standards are met. The ship with the Pan African Sanctuary reducing reproduction of gorillas who Alliance (PASA) and with GRASP. have many relatives. Extending the 28 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 29

María Teresa WAZA Interview Abelló Poveda Curator of Primates, Barcelona Zoo and Chair EAZA Great Apes TAG

María studied biology at the University of Barcelona and concluded her PhD in 2010. She was working as a volunteer in Barcelona Zoo from 1985 to 1987, as a registrar from 1987 to 1996, and as a curator of primates since 1996 until today. She is ESB keeper of Cercocebus torquatus and Cercocebus lunulatus since 1997, the latter has been upgraded to an EEP in 2001 and is coordinated by her. She is also a member of the Orangutan EEP Committee and the Gorilla EEP Commit- tee since 1998, Gorilla EEP Vice­‑coordinator since 2004, Vice­‑chair for the Great Ape TAG since 2008 and Chair since 2016 as well as member of some other EEP © Barcelona Zoo committees and member of the WAPCA Europe Board (West African Primate María Teresa Abelló Poveda. Conservation Action).

By certain groups the keeping of What is your opinion on human‑an- What do you think zoos should do great apes in zoos is challenged, what imal interactions when it comes to to better educate the public on the are the major issues for guaranteeing great apes? growing importance of great ape good animal welfare? In the eighties when I began to work conservation? Keeping great apes in zoos is be- in Barcelona zoo, at that time animals When zoo visitors observe an ape ing quite successful nowadays. We in general and also apes were treated family and you can hear their com- © Stichting Apenheul have learnt a lot about them during with not many considerations, mainly ments, it is really amazing. They Gorilla Bongo at Apenheul. the past decades and, of course, we applying negative reinforcement. realize how close to them we are, still have to improve our knowledge Since the 90’s this has changed a and you can realize how important about them. Their high cognitive lot. Zoo people take care of them the role of zoos in education can profile says that not only their fa- with maximum consideration for be. People are continuously being interval between births is also used apes will be 15 years from now. It is a and not with the best interest of the cilities should be optimum, nutrition their wellbeing as a whole. We have informed about the problems we are frequently. Both techniques, however, controversial technique already – but gorilla in mind. The EEP, and the SSP adequate, and their health moni- realized that we are here to care for facing with the destruction of natural reduce not only the number of (over­ in fact all management techniques in North America, have worked hard tored; their social life (social relations, them; they should feel that our labour habitats, deforestation, mining, traf- ‑represented) male births, but also that infringe on the gorillas’ ability at addressing all those issues within maternal care, infant development) is to serve them facilitating their life. fic, lack of food, lack of water… but of female births. Temporary and per- to make free choices and enjoy a so- the framework of their respective is really a very important issue that To increase our knowledge about developed regions are not listening! manent bachelor groups are the most cially and physically full life could be breeding programme structures, and has to be managed carefully. People them is an opportunity for a better Our hope is the youth! They will do widely used way of keeping male seen as controversial. However this are now, with excellent populations from zoos know that, and research understanding of us. The approach to the revolution; they are more con- gorillas that are not immediately or is what zoos must work with and try of lowland gorillas in both pro- and monitoring their wellbeing is great apes should be a sensible one scious about the situation and ready never will be needed for breeding. to improve on. The EEP hopes that grammes, facing a new set of issues. being developed and implemented avoiding unnecessary human interac- for a change of worth. And finally there is castration which the not too distant future will come No doubt these will be overcome nowadays. tions to preserve their identity and When some natural habitat disap- is currently under evaluation through with new techniques that will allow a as well but as the above has tried to respecting their way of life. pears, we need to be aware that its research and which, if proven effec- greater control over, for instance, sex made clear – it takes a lot of people, a replacement is not so easy and not tive and of no social and physical risk ratio at birth; techniques that will also lot of time, a lot of research, and the Do zoos play a critical role in the field cheap. Nature has a very high value, to the males, can be a management have a minimal impact on the well close cooperation of many good zoos, conservation of great apes? much more than many companies technique that may enable born being of individual gorillas. research institutes and conservation I think so, although never is enough. and factories … but we do not pay for males to stay in their natal groups organisations to achieve that. The last accounts show that zoos are it, we spoil it for free, and with such a or in other groups as gender­‑neutral It is not so long ago that gorilla births doing a great economical investment high intensity that it cannot recover individuals. A select number of males were a rare event, that zoos drew visi- in in situ projects related to Great itself, and many animals depending have now been castrated at a very tors with hand­‑reared gorilla infants, Apes Conservation, and also profes- on it are dying and species disap- early age and these will be followed that zoos kept a pair of gorillas in sional efforts are made to work very pearing. closely for the first 15 years of their seriously sub­‑standard facilities, that close with likeminded NGO’s, to pre- Great apes are principal ambassadors lives. What we do not know, is what gorillas rarely moved from one col- serve great apes in their natural habi- for the tropical forests, but tropical the general opinion of something as lection to another, and that such ex- tats. Links between zoos and field forests are disappearing and so are challenging as the castration of great changes were done at great expense conservation need to be reinforced the great apes, the first ones will be as we are working for the same goal. the orang­‑utans and eastern goril- Zoos can provide management tools las. They need immediate action to to be applied in other similar situa- ensure their preservation. tions, husbandry guidelines usually We need a revolution in our spirit, include knowledge gathered from the minds, and uses; and zoos should field and also knowledge that could help people to achieve this change. be useful for field conservation. 30 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 31

Rick Barongi My Career Former Director, Houston Zoo Adventures for Conservation

The best thing about working in the zoo profession for the last 44 years has been the opportunities it af- forded me to meet some incredible © RB archive people and animals. Resumes only list With a Houston Zoo Okapi (2008). jobs and responsibilities. They don’t tell stories or recount adventures un- dertaken along the way. I hope that The money I earned at Jungle his experience with okapi, native only sharing some my life experiences will Habitat financed my first trip to Africa to Zaire. Okapi have fascinated me inspire and lead others down a similar in 1974. Twenty­‑two years old at the ever since I was given the opportunity road to saving wildlife and wild places. time, fresh out of Cornell University, to work with them as a keeper at the I landed at the Nairobi airport for a San Diego Wild Animal Park (now Growing up just outside New York four­‑month adventure that forever the San Diego Safari Park). You know City allowed me to partake in school changed my life. My room at the local you’re getting old when everybody is trips to the Bronx Zoo and the Ameri- YMCA cost a whopping $100 a month, changing their names! can Museum of Natural History. Were including meals. I volunteered for an © Barcelona zoo María’s 3 wishes it not for these two venerable institu- English veterinarian at the University Karl Ruf, his wife, Rosie, and I became Snowflake, the albino gorilla tions I probably would have chosen a of Nairobi Veterinary School during good friends as we worked together at Barcelona zoo, from 1966 to 2003. for the Zoo Genie much different career path. The post the week and spent weekends visit- to develop a conservation and busi- card I purchased on my second grade ing many wildlife parks. I met some ness plan for okapi conservation. The The Zoo Genie is ready trip to the museum – the mountain amazing people during this time, but plan called for exporting some okapi In recent years, the “great apes Great Apes are the closest hu- to answer 3 wishes. gorilla diorama in the Akeley Hall of the highlight of my first African expe- from the old Epulu capture station personhood” discussion was brought man relatives and we need to treat Talk to him… Mammals – is still one of my most rience was a three­‑week trek through in return for supplies much needed to the forefront particularly after the them with respect, looking for their prized possessions. I knew then that Tanzania, up Lake Tanganyika to Zaire by the Epulu rangers. At the 1985 2007 decision on the Baleares to pass wellbeing and their general benefit. 1. To change our minds, evolu- I wanted to go to Africa and see these to see (and smell) the eastern low- AZA Conference in Columbus, Ohio, the world’s first legislation that would Their capacities are limited and they tion from this consumerist/materi- magnificent animals in the wild. land (Grauer’s) gorilla in Kahuzi­‑Biega I presented a paper that outlined effectively grant legal rights to all cannot fight by themselves with the alist world to a more humane and National Park. this long­‑range strategy. While some great apes. What were the effects of risks they are facing; our labour is to natural one. Re­‑addressing the My first zoo job was as a wildlife were skeptical that conservation and this decision and where do you stand preserve them here and there, in the value scale, more empathy with ranger in a New Jersey safari park, Nearly a decade later in 1983, I em- commercial transactions could not be on this debate and what repercus- zoos and in the wild. If we succeed living creatures. Warner Brothers Jungle Habitat in barked on another memorable wild- mixed I think my presentation helped sions, if any, might the zoo commu- and we save them, probably we will 1972. My nametag read “Ranger Rick”. life adventure, beginning with a letter motivate others to think differently nity face in years to come? be near to live in harmony, human 2. To achieve the necessary It was my job to ensure that people and application received from a Swiss about how wildlife conservation can In 25th June 2008 the Commission for beings and nature! It is also our techniques and policies for a real and animals didn’t get too close zookeeper named Karl Ruf. As Curator be effective in remote areas of the Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries life which is at risk! We all are part sustainable development in all the to each other. This wasn’t exactly of Mammals at the Miami MetroZoo world. One of them was John Lukas, voted favorably supporting the Great of a unique and fragile ecosystem. countries with a better distribution connecting wildlife to people, but it (now Zoo Miami), I considered hiring Director of White Oak Conservation Ape Project. It was a proposal of law We need to become their allies in the of resources and an increasing re- was great experience working with Karl. What caught my eye were his Center who approached me after the that needed to be ratified by the Span‑ fight for their survival! spect for the nature and its wildlife. all kinds of large mammals. Running last five years working in Zaire (now talk and expressed his sincere interest ish Parliament and that has not been behind the white rhinos to herd them the Democratic Republic of the Con- in the project. done until now. The understanding of 3. To have healthy back into their night enclosures was go) at President Mobutu’s Zoo and the law was not recognizing human wild populations of typical of the things zookeepers did rights for great apes but that they orang­‑utans in back in the 70’s. deserve to be respected, their habitat the next decade, protected and be well treated. Great that would mean apes should only be kept in captivity we are on the for conservation reasons. right way! 32 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 33

© RB archive © RB archive At Epulu with Chief Makubasi – American Museum of Natural

for once I’m the tall one! (1984). History – Full Circle (2012). © RB archive © RB archive With Jane Goodall at Tchimpunga Sanctuary Barongi – Is that an African name? (2016) in The Republic of the Congo (2004).

Later that same year I found myself I still reflect on that historic transport. It had been eight months since Norie- While still at the San Diego Zoo I re- During my six years at the Walt Dis- in Epulu with government approval Was it worth the stress on these ani- ga was captured by American Armed ceived a phone call from Walt Disney ney Company, I encountered many to export three okapi to the United mals, to accomplish a greater goal? forces during which time many of his Imagineering, asking if I was available challenges and learned a great deal States. Believing initially that we The Epulu project eventually was tak- animals had disappeared or died. His to come up to Glendale and advise on from both success and failure. I’m were well prepared for this animal en over by John Lukas and White Oak five tapirs were still alive but were © RB archive a new animal project. I had no idea at probably most proud of convincing transport, I quickly realized we had in 1987 and has made great strides extremely thin and in need of imme- Bill Conway – Mr. Zoo Conservation (2014). the time the scope of what the folks the Disney leadership to create a severely underestimated the chal- over the years to become a model for diate attention. One young tapir calf at Disney were contemplating. My premier Advisory Board composed lenges of working in central Africa. wildlife conservation in Africa. had managed to survive, even though boss at San Diego, Doug Myers, per- of zoo professionals, conservation- We had rented the oldest DC-3 on its mother had stopped producing Just after the house tour we were sit- mitted me to consult on the project ists and animal welfare advocates. the continent, planned to land at a In 1988 I became Curator of Mam- milk. Fortunately it was small enough ting on the patio and a phone on the on one condition, “as long as they are The first person I invited to serve makeshift dirt airstrip near Epulu, and mals at the San Diego Zoo – a dream to slip through the wire­‑fenced enclo- post next to me began ringing. I an- not doing any live animal attraction in was Dr. Bill Conway. Bill was not only from there to fly the okapi to Goma job for me. It provided incredible sure in search of mangoes and other swered it and was greeted by a U. S. California”. So I drove up to Glendale familiar with the highly secret project and on to the Planckendael Zoo in experience in quality zoo design, fruits from the surrounding orchards. Special Forces Sargent who asked in 1990 and met Joe Rhode for the but, as I learned many years later, Belgium for quarantine. I remember as well as conservation. Early on me if everything was OK. I never saw first time. Joe was the quintessential was the person who first recommend- anxiously waiting for the plane as the I received a call from Dennis Merritt With the help of some local residents a single U. S. soldier while I was in Imagineer, as well as one of the most ed me to Disney back in 1990. okapi stood in their crates. The plane at the Lincoln Park Zoo. A number of we hired a caretaker and prepared Panama, but obviously they were creative and talented people I have eventually arrived, but ran out of run- endangered captive Baird’s tapirs at a healthy diet for the tapirs. The watching me! ever met. I seriously doubt we could have built way and almost crashed. Somewhere the estate of former Panamanian dic- San Diego Zoo underwrote all these Disney’s Animal Kingdom and formed there’s a photo of me and a large tator, General Manuel Noriega, had expenses until a permanent home for This story had a happy ending. After almost three years of part­‑time the Disney Wildlife Conservation group of pygmies (for once I was the essentially been abandoned after his the tapirs could be found in Panama. We eventually found better homes consulting, I was offered the Direc- Fund without the sage guidance of biggest guy in the picture) turning the departure and were in serious need The local estate guardians were for all of Noriega’s tapirs and devel- tor of Animal Programs position at this special group, which also in- plane around so it could take off with of care. Dennis knew of my special so appreciative they offered me a oped a long­‑term tapir conservation Walt Disney World in December 1993 cluded: Dr. Russ Mittermeier (Conser- the okapi aboard. Karl Ruf later told interest in tapirs and thought I could tour of Noriega’s private home, still program in Panama. The local people and became an “Honorary” Disney vation International), Dr. Terry Maple me that our plane just barely cleared be of some help. under lock and key by the US Special in David named the young tapir calf Imagineer. At the time, many people (Zoo Atlanta), Dr. Mike Hutchins the large treetops on takeoff. The Forces. The house was just as if he “San Diego” in appreciation of our doubted that this $1 billion dollar (AZA), Karen Allen (AZA), Dr. Dee flights to Europe were long and rough. The first thing I did was call an at- had left the day before with all his assistance. Also this early success on animal theme park would ever be Borsema (WCS), Dr. Bill Burnham One of the male okapi died a few torney friend in Miami who had some clothes and private possessions still behalf of tapirs helped set the stage built but both Joe Rhode and Michael (Peregrine Fund), John Lukas (White days after arriving in Belgium and a high­‑level government contacts in in place. The cowboy boots and hat for an award­‑winning amphibian Eisner assured me it would get done. Oak), Ray Mendez (Work as Play) and second died months later. Ultimately, Panama. After numerous phone calls, in his closet suggested he may have conservation project years later in In my opinion, if Disney could bring Roger Caras of the American Soci- only the female survived, eventually I found myself in route to Panama been a John Wayne Fan, perhaps El Valle, Panama which was under- their creative powers and global im- ety for the Prevention of Cruelty to residing at the Cincinnati Zoo. with approval from the Panamanian a reflection of the ‘Little Big Man’ taken during my subsequent tenure pact to help wildlife, it would be one Animals. government to visit La Escondida, complex that got him into so much as director of the Houston Zoo. of the most powerful change agents Noriega’s country home and private trouble in the first place. in the international conservation zoo. With limited Spanish I perse- community. vered and was flown to the northern town of David and then driven to the high security estate with no prior no- tion of Noriega’s interest in animals or the fact he was such an avid collector. 34 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 35 Book Reviews

Markus Gusset – Gerald Dick – WAZA Executive office WAZA Executive office

© RB archive Handbook of the Mammals Zoo Animal Welfare My Two Best Friends – of the World. Vol. 6: Giraffes and Elephants Diane and Cooper (2012). Lagomorphs and Rodents I By Xavier Manteca Vilanova Edited by Don E. Wilson, Zoo Barcelona Fundació, Thomas E. Lacher, Jr 2016 | 80 pp & Russell A. Mittermeier ISBN 978-84-96344-60-0 Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, 2016 | 987 pp This volume on giraffes and elephants ISBN 978-84-941892-3-4 follows the introduction to Zoo Animal Welfare, Concepts and Indicators © RB archive The Handbook of the Mammals of the which has been published by Xavier Did not need a telephoto World is published in association with Manteca Vilanova as the first volume for this one – Bwindi NP, Uganda (2014). Conservation International and the of the series. The aim is to present International Union for Conservation easily accessible scientific informa- of Nature (IUCN). tion on the welfare of zoo animals. While explaining the principles and Rats and mice and their relatives in In addition to the fifth volume on the concept of animal welfare in the the order Rodentia make up almost monotremes and marsupials (re- context of zoological facilities, indica- half of the species of mammals. viewed in WAZA News 4/2015), the tors and welfare problems are clearly © RB archive Because of this, rodents were divided fourth volume on sea mammals addressed in the introductory first Kiva – A Special Friend (2010). into two volumes, in order to include (reviewed in WAZA News 4/2014), the volume. The author rightly addresses maximum information and illustra- third volume on primates (reviewed the important role for modern zoos in tions. Volume 6 includes all of the in WAZA News 3/2013) and the biodiversity conservation but also says One other unofficial advisor, Dr. Jane I didn’t hear from Zsolt for several One can’t hope to achieve lofty families of rodents other than Cri- second volume on hoofed mammals that it is a must for modern zoos to Goodall, helped us immeasurably weeks so called to ask if he had for- aspirational goals without being will- cetidae and Muridae, plus the order (reviewed in WAZA News 1/2012), we work towards the best possible stand- during the construction and opening gotten about the chimp. The next day ing to make sacrifices and take risks. Lagomorpha, which includes rabbits also recommend the first volume ards in order to fulfil their function. of the Animal Kingdom. I first met he invited me to visit the site which is My 50+ trips to 20 African countries and pikas. This radiation includes covering the carnivores of the world, Jane when she accepted my invitation when I first laid eyes on his incredible have done more to inspire me to some 35 families, which have spread published in 2009. The other three This practical guide brings basic bio- for a tour of this highly confidential sculpture. Disney’s Animal Kingdom protect wildlife than any other life around the globe, occupying every volumes of the Handbook of the logical knowledge and conservation project. She called to make sure opened the following year with Jane experiences. I am also privileged to continent except Antarctica, and Mammals of the World, covering the information together with concrete I knew that the tour was contingent in attendance to unveil the Tree of serve on some great conservation countless islands in all major oceans. remaining mammalian taxa (Vol. 7: and useful instructions for the daily on whether or not “she liked me”! Life. Imagine her surprise when the boards, including the International Rodents II, Vol. 8: Insectivores, Vol. 9: work in a zoo. The references to the So Jane, her longtime assistant Mary curtains were pulled to reveal a chim- Rhino Foundation, GRACE (Gorilla As usual, the text includes up‑to‑date Bats), are forthcoming. situation in the wild enhance the Lewis and I dined together at an Ital- panzee, and not just any chimpanzee, Rehabilitation and Conservation Edu- information on every species, and understanding of the behaviour and ian restaurant in Los Angeles. To this but her old friend David Greybeard. cation Center) and the Margot Marsh each species is illustrated. Each the needs of the animals. Once the day we remain great friends and she Biodiversity Foundation. family account includes colour situation of animals in their natural still is both an important friend and For the past 15 years, I’ve served as photographs documenting a variety setting is understood, it will be pos- ally of the Walt Disney Company Director of the Houston Zoo, retiring I hope these stories provide some of behaviours of these diverse and in- sible to achieve high animal welfare in June 2015. There is little room left idea of how much can be achieved by teresting mammals. This volume also standards for those in human care. Visitors to Disney’s Animal Kingdom for more stories except to say that developing close personal and profes- includes a special chapter explaining who pass by the base of the iconic I’m proud to have helped privatize sional relationships with people who and summarising several distinctive The book series authored by Xavier Tree of Life may recognize the larger- the zoo and build a culture of conser- share your passion and vision. attributes of lagomorphs and rodents, Manteca Vilanova and supported by María Teresa Abelló Povedathan‑life­ vation throughout the new organiza- including evolutionary history, why Barcelona Zoo and other experts will sculpture of David Greybeard, the tion. I have no qualms stating my I consider myself extremely fortu- they are studied and tools for study- support animal welfare in zoological wild chimpanzee who first reached belief that the Houston Zoo is today nate to have met and worked with so ing them. The book contains 60 col- institutions and thus is an invaluable out to touch Jane Goodall in the early one of the finest zoos in the country many of you in the zoological profes- our plates, 737 colour photographs contribution to the zoo community, days of her groundbreaking field and will only get better under the sion and look forward to working with and 850 distribution maps. their aspiration, relevance and posi- research. What most folks don’t know new leadership of my friend and con- many of you in the future. tive public perception. is that the sculpture was added as a servation soul mate, Lee Ehmke. last­‑minute request after Jane com- This book will certainly assist the mented during a construction site tour The real life experiences I’ve shared animal care for giraffes and elephants, that there were no chimps among here have impacted and motivated two charismatic groups which attract the Tree’s 400 animal figures. That me to become a passionate advocate so much public attention. Every staff prompted me to ask chief designer, for wildlife conservation efforts in member of a zoo dealing with those Zsolt Hormay, if a chimp might be in- zoos around the world. Most of what species should be supplied with a cluded. He asked for a photo, so I gave I have accomplished certainly would copy of this handy book. him one of David Greybeard, knowing not have been possible without the that he was one of Jane’s favorites help and friendship of many friends and a very handsome fellow to boot. and colleagues along the way, too many to mention here. 36 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 37 Book Reviews Announcements Rick Barongi Gunther Nogge – Cologne, Germany Receives WAZA’s Professor in the Zoo – De‑ Highest Honour: signing the Future for Wild‑ life in Human Care The Heini Hediger By Terry L. Maple Red Leaf Press, USA, 2016 | 342 pp Award 2016 ISBN 13: 9780692653500 Rick has been working in the wildlife I first met Terry Maple in 1988 on management and conservation field occasion of Heini Hediger’s 80th for over professional 40 years. His birthday. It was Hediger, who in the broad professional experience has © WAZA middle of the 20th century analyzed However, the professor in the zoo not Zoo design experts and interested ranged from zookeeper to senior ex- Heini Hediger Award: Susan Hunt presenting and formulated the scientific funda- only reflects the history of Zoo Atlan- people will gather in Wrocław to ecutive positions at the Walt Disney Rick served on the AZA Board of Di- the HH Award 2016 to Rick Barongi mentals of zoological gardens. Terry ta. In the same time he comprehends inspire peers, explore ideas and best Company and the San Diego and rectors and was a two­‑term member is a university man, who came to the evolution of zoos over the past practices, share successes and fail- Houston Zoos. of the WAZA Council from 2010–2015. the zoo world as an outsider, and he thirty years in general. Great apes, ures as well as lessons learned. There As Chair of WAZA’s Conservation was regarded as such throughout in particular gorillas, and elephants, will also be a chance to discover new One of the highlights of his profes- and Sustainability Committee, Rick Rick’s critical work in the zoological his zoo career. But he was one of the both of which played a key role in technology, products, and services. sional career was his role as Director facilitated and co­‑edited the WAZA community has resulted in a legacy few American zoo directors who not the process of rebuilding Zoo Atlanta The International Zoo Design Confer- of Animal Programs for the Walt Conservation Strategy: Committing of achievement and progress few only had studied Hediger’s work but serve as examples for revealing the ence offers attendees valuable learn- Disney Company (1993–1999). He to Conservation, published in 2015. leaders have matched. His efferves- also has understood it, and he made evolution of zoos. During the eighties ing and networking opportunities, was the top animal executive for Rick has been a tireless advocate cent and inspirational style is conta- Hediger’s philosophy according to zoos put their emphasis on conserva- and the chance to explore cutting­ the creative development, planning for the role of zoos and aquariums gious, and he is a beloved figure at all which zoos have to be scientifically tion and conservation education with ‑edge products and services. and construction of Disney’s Animal in wildlife conservation, and has of the institutions he has worked for based institutions the guideline of his the result that zoos today indeed are The theme of the 2017 International Kingdom. He also led the efforts to helped build bridges between the and among his many colleagues and own work. He even picked up Hedi- regarded as conservation centers. Zoo Design Conference is Animal create the Disney Conservation Fund, international zoo community and a collaborators around the globe. ger’s term ZOOBIOLOGY, when he in The current public discussion, howev- Welfare through built­‑in enrich‑ which since its inception in 1995 has variety of conservation organisations, 1982 founded a new scientific journal, er, is dominated by animal welfarists ment. It will be explored and dis- generated more than $30 million for including Conservation International, which soon developed to be one of and animal rights activists. Terry has cussed in depth during three days of field conservation projects around the Jane Goodall Institute and the the leading ones of its kind. never been afraid of these groups. moderated sessions with presenta- the world. Wildlife Conservation Network. In the contrary, he talked to them, tions of best practices in large and In 1984 Terry exchanged the “comfort and more importantly he invited small facilities. of the academic world for the mad- his colleagues already in the early ness in the zoo” as he says himself by nineties to discuss and develop the www.zoodesignconference.com Zoos and Aquariums as Welfare Centres: accepting the position of the CEO of wellbeing of animals at the zoo. He is the Zoo at Atlanta. At that time this convinced that zoos are progressive Ethical Dimensions and Global Commitment, 4–6 May 2017, Detroit, USA zoo was one of the ten poorest zoos enough to embrace the necessary in the USA. His aim was to turn it reforms and reach the highest stand- into one of the ten best within latest ards and best professional practices ten years. And he succeeded in this to ensure that animals in their care endeavor! Terry’s autobiography tells are thriving. This applies also for this success story. The recipe for his marine mammals, and he devotes a success is the “empirical zoo”, which whole chapter in his book to discuss means everything you do in the the future of aquatic parks. zoo must depend on a deep under- standing of the animals in your care, Under the line Professor in the Zoo The World Association of Zoos and populations (conservation), there is a Confirmed speakers include: This symposium is targeted at leaders inspired by observations of their way is far more than the most exciting Aquariums (WAZA) and the Detroit need for solid science, strong guiding • David Fraser, PhD, University in all regionally and internationally of life both at the zoo and in nature. and entertaining autobiography of Zoological Society’s Center for Zoo principles and policy, and a clear ethi- of British Columbia accredited zoos and aquariums, and a zoo director. Terry Maple not only Animal Welfare invite leaders in the cal foundation. • Temple Grandin, PhD, experts (including academics) in ani- describes the past. In the same time fields of animal welfare and conserva- The three­‑day symposium will include University of Colorado mal care, animal welfare, animal eth- he looks ahead and develops a vision tion to join us for the Center for Zoo presentations and facilitated discus- • Jenny Gray, PhD, Zoos Victoria ics, animal law, wildlife conservation of the future of zoos. Therefor his Animal Welfare’s 4th International sion focusing on processes to safe- • Terry Maple, PhD, Florida Atlantic and animal protection. The goal is to book may serve as a textbook for the Animal Welfare Symposium. guard the well‑being­ of animals and University and Jacksonville Zoo create a strong worldwide foundation young generation, which runs the Zoos and aquariums play important fundamental animal welfare policy • David Mellor, PhD, Massey University based on values and principles that zoos today or will do so in the future. roles in the conservation of spe- for zoos and aquariums developed to • Don Moore, PhD, Oregon Zoo further advances the fields of zoo and And of course it is a passionate plea cies. They are also centres of animal ensure all animals are able to thrive. • John Racanelli, National Aquarium aquarium animal welfare (and conser- for zoos. If there were not yet zoos, welfare that focus on individuals, Specific topics will include animal • Steve Ross, PhD, Lincoln Park Zoo vation) science and policy. they had to be founded now. not just species. Within a complex welfare‑based­ accreditation, the • Andrew Rowan, PhD, Humane Capacity for this symposium is lim- framework that includes and bal- use of animals in visitor interactions Society International ited. For more information, please ances sometimes conflicting priori- and welfare aspects of population • Ken Shapiro, PhD, Animals & contact Dr Stephanie Allard at ties for individuals (welfare) and for management. Society Institute [email protected] 38 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 39 Recent Updates Gerald Dick – WAZA Executive Office Andrew Moss1, Eric Jensen2 & Markus Gusset3 Further Reading st 71 WAZA Annual • Gusset, M., Moss, A. & Jensen, E. WAZA’s Global Visitor Survey: (2014) Biodiversity understand- ing and knowledge of actions to Conference help protect biodiversity in zoo An Overview and aquarium visitors. WAZA Thanks to Africam Safari and Mexico Magazine 15: 14–17. Introduction Long‑term­ Link between Knowledge • Jensen, E., Moss, A. & Gusset, M. Educational Impact and Behaviour (in review) Quantifying long­‑term Until recently, surprisingly little was impact of zoo and aquarium known about the worldwide edu- Following on from the 2012/2013 We used the pre­‑visit data from the visits on biodiversity­‑related cational impact of visiting a zoo or survey, in 2015 we contacted those 2012/2013 survey to probe the link be- learning outcomes. Zoo Biology. aquarium. To address this sizeable respondents who had provided tween biodiversity‑related­ knowledge gap, in 2012 WAZA initiated a global their e­‑mail address to complete a and pro‑conservation­ behaviour. We • Moss, A., Jensen, E. & Gusset, survey of visitors to zoos and aquari- follow­‑up online survey 2+ years after found that participants’ pre­‑visit biodi- M. (2014) A Global Evaluation of ums, in association with Chester Zoo participating in the on­‑site survey. We versity understanding and knowledge Biodiversity Literacy in Zoo and and a researcher at the University found that while the level of biodiver- of actions to help protect biodiversity Aquarium Visitors. Gland: WAZA of Warwick. This study was part of sity understanding remained steady, were related; however, this link was Executive Office, 37 pp. WAZA’s global biodiversity education the level of knowledge of actions to weak. Both also predicted respond- campaign – Biodiversity is Us (for an help protect biodiversity significantly ents’ pro­‑conservation behaviour • Moss, A., Jensen, E. & Gusset, M. overview, see WAZA News 2014/1+2). increased from post­‑visit to delayed before visiting a zoo or aquarium, but (2014) Zoo visits boost biodiver- Our main objective was to evaluate to post­‑visit follow­‑up survey. the effect size was again small. sity literacy. Nature 508: 186. what extent zoos and aquariums af- fect their visitors’ biodiversity literacy. Effect of Biodiversity Conclusions • Moss, A., Jensen, E. & Gusset, M. Education Campaign (2015) Evaluating the contribu- Impact on Biodiversity We have undertaken the largest and tion of zoos and aquariums to Literacy Following on from the 2012/2013 most international study of zoo and Aichi Biodiversity Target 1. Con‑ survey, in 2014 WAZA launched Biodi- aquarium visitors ever conducted. Our servation Biology 29: 537–544. In 2012/2013 and again in 2014/2015, versity is Us. As part of the 2014/2015 study provides the most compelling Over 170 zoological leaders gathered leading non­‑governmental organiza- we surveyed more than 10,000 visi- survey, we evaluated the effect of evidence to date that visiting zoos and in the city of Puebla. The 71st WAZA tion working globally on trade in wild • Moss, A., Jensen, E. & Gusset, M. tors to 31 WAZA member organisa- this biodiversity education campaign aquariums can have a positive and Annual Conference theme – People animals and plants in the context of (2016) Probing the link between tions from 20 countries around the on participants’ biodiversity literacy. lasting impact on biodiversity lit- and Conservation: Zoos and Aquari- both biodiversity conservation and biodiversity­‑related knowledge globe. We evaluated the impact of We found significant increases in eracy. In addition, biodiversity literacy ums as Agents of Change, echoed sustainable development. Announce- and self­‑reported proconserva- visiting a zoo or aquarium on biodi- both biodiversity understanding and evidently can be further enhanced the challenges the zoo and aquarium ments were made regarding collec- tion behavior in a global survey of versity literacy by sampling the same knowledge of actions to help protect through coordinated public engage- world faces when confronted with tive community conservation action zoo visitors. Conservation Letters participants before and after their biodiversity between pre- and post­ ment initiatives. Zoos and aquariums the role society plays and our obliga- during the opening panel discussion 9: in press. visit. We found significant increases ‑visit in those respondents who saw would be well advised to increase tion to work towards the conserva- titled: Biodiversity in Latin America – in both biodiversity understanding the Biodiversity is Us graphic panels visitors’ targeted exposure to biodiver- tion of biodiversity. With a staff of The Road to Cancun. The thirteenth • Moss, A., Jensen, E. & Gusset, M. and knowledge of actions to help or films during their visit. sity information at their institutions to in­‑house experts in zoological science, meeting of the Conference of the Par- (in review) Evaluating the impact protect biodiversity between pre- and reap the benefit of improved learning veterinary care, scientific research, ties to the Convention on Biological of a global biodiversity education post­‑visit (see figure). Those respond- outcomes we identified. and overall hands­‑on experience with Diversity (CBD) will also be held this campaign on zoo and aquarium ents who saw or heard biodiversity some of the planet’s most vulner- December in Mexico – the fifth most visitors. Frontiers in Ecology and information during their visit showed Acknowledgements able species‑zoos­ and aquariums biologically diverse country in the the Environment. a significantly larger change. are uniquely poised to take the lead world. Both the CBD and the world We are indebted to the WAZA mem- in discovering solutions that inte- zoo and aquarium community recog- ber organisations that conducted the grate biological, and socio‑cultural­ nize the importance of involving the surveys. Financial support for this solutions that are inclusive, compre- public to mobilize conservation im- project was gratefully received from hensive, and sustainable long term. pact. While a better understanding of the MAVA Foundation. During the conference, the incredible the values of biodiversity is important amount of $78,000 USD was donated in building the motivation for action, to WAZA partner, TRAFFIC. Some it is not enough. With the generous of the key aims of the initiative will support of the Disney Conservation be to help support the eradication of Fund, WAZA will be offering grants Our combined surveys illegally trafficked species, some of to members for concrete avtivities to (n = 10,562) show that the which include: the critically endan- reconnect people with nature. percentage of respondents demonstrating at least some gered pangolins as well as tortoises understanding of biodiversity 1 Chester Zoo, Chester, UK and songbirds. Another focus will be The hospitality and incredible support and who could identify 2 Department of Sociology, data collection and analysis, as well of the Camacho family and the staff a pro­‑biodiversity action University of Warwick, Coventry, UK that could be achieved at as the support of related policy and of Africam Safari made this confer- an individual level significantly 3 WAZA Executive Office, Gland, Switzerland advocacy work. TRAFFIC, the wildlife ence one of the very best!!! THANK increased over the course of trade monitoring network is the YOU! a zoo or aquarium visit. 40 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 41

Markus Gusset – WAZA Executive Office Vinita Ramani – Wildlife Reserves Singapore Zoo and Aquarium Raffles’ Banded Langur Conservation Accreditation Summit 2016 Strategy Planning Workshop

The first Zoo and Aquarium Accredita- The Summit was well attended by model in a simulated accreditation tion Summit, convened and spon- 24 key representatives based in visit to Singapore Zoological Gardens. sored by WAZA, took place in Sin- 17 countries, representing ALPZA, We are in the process of refining the Raffles’ banded langur. gapore from 3 to 6 August 2016. The AZA, CAZA, EAZA, JAZA, PAAZA, consensus model that emerged from © Nick Baker Summit aimed to provide zoo and SEAZA, WAZA and ZAA as well as the Summit into a global animal wel- aquarium associations and others an CBSG and Wild Welfare. After setting fare assessment framework for zoos opportunity to workshop the concept the global accreditation scene, under- and aquariums. of accreditation; to explore the key standing regional accreditation needs components of animal welfare‑based and constraints, and building a com- The association representatives then accreditation; and to assist in the de- mon understanding of animal wel- discussed and reported on how to velopment of an accreditation model fare‑based accreditation, participants implement an animal welfare‑based Given the scant population and the that fits in our diverse global context. agreed on the following statement on accreditation model, reflecting on shy nature of the langur, participants It was also an opportunity to learn what animal welfare‑based accredita- regional needs and constraints related also had engaging debates on the from those associations that do offer tion is and why it is important: to accreditation. Associations with need to conceptualise a compelling accreditation for zoos and aquariums. and without existing accreditation pro- communication and outreach plan For WAZA, animal welfare‑based ac‑ grammes fully embraced the concept to raise awareness and educate the The Summit focused on the animal creditation is a globally applicable and of developing a global animal welfare public about the species. Ultimately, welfare aspects of accreditation pro- easily understandable system to assess assessment framework for zoos and the hope is to impress upon both grammes, in line with the World Zoo the welfare of animals in zoos and aquariums. Especially SEAZA commit- Singaporeans and Malaysians that and Aquarium Animal Welfare Strate- aquariums, with the aim of promoting ted to implementing such a frame- they have a role to play in protecting gy to “make animal welfare‑based ac- the animals’ physical and psychologi‑ work in their member institutions. the langur, by also acting as stewards creditation a priority”. The overall ob- cal condition. Animal welfare­‑based of the remaining habitats the species jective of the Summit was to inspire accreditation is important because of Also thanks to Onnie Byers’ (CBSG) lives in. zoos and aquariums in all regions of our responsibility for the animals in our outstanding facilitation skills, the the world to embrace modern zoo- care. It also conveys to WAZA members first Zoo and Aquarium Accreditation Over 35 participants gathered in The Raffles’ banded langurPresbytis ( Forging new ground, the workshop logical practices and raise their stand- and society at large our shared commit‑ Summit turned out to be a poten- Singapore on 1 and 2 August 2016 for femoralis femoralis) is the largest ended on an optimistic note. It is ards of animal care through credible ment to the animals’ well­‑being. tial “game changer” to inspire zoos the Raffles’ Banded Langur Conser- extant non­‑human primate in Singa- hoped that the vision and mission animal welfare‑based accreditation and aquariums in all regions of the vation Strategy Planning Workshop. pore. A native species first discovered laid out during the two­‑day gather- programmes. The main part of the Summit was world to embrace modern zoological Funded by the Wildlife Reserves Sin- by Sir Stamford Raffles, the subspe- ing can constitute a successful model then spent on actually developing an practices and raise their standards gapore Conservation Fund (WRSCF) cies is found in Singapore and south- for future collaboration between animal welfare‑based­ accreditation of animal care. WAZA would like to and facilitated by the Conservation ern Peninsular Malaysia, but prelimi- zoological institutions, government model, by identifying key elements of thank Wildlife Reserves Singapore for Breeding Specialist Group (CBSG) of nary data suggest that it could very agencies, non­‑governmental organi- such a model and compiling a check- superbly hosting the Summit and the the IUCN Species Survival Commis- likely be a species of its own. Thought sations, academic institutions and list of questions to assess an animal’s association representatives for their sion, the workshop brought together to be on the verge of extinction in conservationists to protect not just welfare. This included testing the enthusiastic participation. a diverse range of stakeholders, from Singapore with just 15 to 20 individu- the Raffles’ banded langur, but also Participants at the Zoo and Aquarium academics to government agencies als left in the 1990s, current estimates other endangered species in Singa- Accreditation Summit 2016. and nature groups, to urgently ad- suggest the population is under 60. pore and the region. © Wildlife Reserves Singapore dress the future of this charismatic primate. The WRSCF funding also The workshop participants had a provides support for leading Singa- robust two­‑day session to devise porean primatologist Andie Ang to a visionary One Plan Approach to conduct much­‑needed field research conserve the species. Given the lack …current and head the Raffles’ Banded Langur of genetic variability within the pre- Working Group, which was formally sent population, future conservation estimates suggest established at the conclusion of the efforts could include translocation workshop. from genetically compatible popula- the population is tions in southern Malaysia. The group determined gaps in research, which under 60… included the need for fieldwork to carry out population, distribution and ecological studies. At the same time, greater forest connectivity and, if needed and appropriate, the possibil- ity of ex situ conservation in Singa- pore was mooted by the group. 42 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 43

Angela Conroy – Dublin Zoo New Dublin Zoo Opens Exhibit New Orangutan News Forest

Dublin Zoo’s exciting new develop- ment, the Orangutan Forest opened in June 2016. Home to four Bornean orangutans and a pair of siamangs this new habitat is inspired by the orangutan’s natural environment the tropical rainforests of Borneo.

The new habitat is five times bigger than their old home, extending to 1300m2 with a new narrow meander- © Dublin Zoo © Dublin Zoo ing island, 80m long and 20m wide constructed in a lake. The orangu- © Dublin Zoo tans access the new island by cross- Jones and Jones, a Seattle­‑based ing over the visitor path using cables zoo design company assisted with connecting very large artificial trees. the innovative design. Houthoff Zoo Lucky visitors get the chance to see Design, a Rotterdam based company them passing over and back a num- created the trees and the Dublin Zoo ber of times a day. horticulture team ensured a high density vegetation. At present the The new habitat features 9 artificial orangutans’ preferred travel pat- trees, between 7m and 12m high, terns are being studied and addi- that encourage the orangutans’ tional climbing opportunities will be natural climbing behaviour. considered in the future.

Every detail of the Orangutan For- The project was est has been considered carefully funded from the Zoo’s with the wellness of the orangutans own resources, in large in mind. The design, as always at part from the gate receipts Dublin Zoo is as much as possible of the million plus people inspired by their natural habitat. that visit each year.

Six of the trees have Dublin Zoo Dublin Zoo invited school designed internal elevators that can children across Ireland to bring food to the very top of the write a poem that captured trees encouraging the apes to climb. the essence of the orangu- Keepers carry remote controls to ac- tans and their new habitat tion these elevators at various times and the winner officially during the day. opened the Orangutan Forest.

www.dublinzoo.org 44 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 45

Florian Schäfer1, Tobias E. Reiners2, Janno Weerman3 & Angela Glatston3 Thomas Ziegler1 & Truong Quang Nguyen2 Saving the Red Panda: Linking ex situ Measures and

WAZA Project 15001 WAZA News from the Lab Ecological Research for the Conservation of the Endangered WAZA Projects 07011 and 07012 WAZA Update on Psychedelic Rock Gecko Update on Recently, the red panda was reclas- sified from “Vulnerable” to “En- dangered” on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species due to a plausible population decline of 50% over the last three generations, showing that The psychedelic rock gecko (Cne‑ system to prevent accidently escaped Besides aforementioned prelimi- conservation actions for this remark- maspis psychedelica) was only geckos from breaking out. For the nary trade analysis and our first and able flagship species are urgent. Our recently described from Hon Khoai front side of the gecko house, we pre- fortunately already successful ex conservation project “Assessing the Island, Ca Mau Province, beneath pared a large water­‑proof poster that situ initiative, our team also initiated Genetic Diversity of Red Pandas” was the southernmost tip of Vietnam. points, both in English and Vietnam- first in situ action with the consent initiated to clarify the genetic status The species’ name derives from its ese, to the threats to the psychedelic of the local authorities, viz. nature of Himalayan red pandas (Ailurus very bright colour pattern. Only few rock gecko and the background of the conservation­‑based ecological field f. fulgens) using molecular methods. years after its discovery, the colour- project. research on Hon Khoai Island. Funded Under the umbrella of a WAZA Global ful gecko appeared in the pet trade by the BMUB and Rufford Foundation, Species Management Plan (GSMP) Map showing the zoos across Europe that submitted samples for molecular analysis and has been offered for up to 3,000 In 2015, first small gecko breeding further supported by the Institute coordinated by Rotterdam Zoo, zoos Euro per pair. Given the fact that Hon groups were transferred from Hon of Ecology and Biological Resources from all over the world established Khoai Island covers only 8 km², and Khoai Island to the gecko house, with (IEBR), the Vietnam Academy of a reserve population over the last The effort turned out to be highly Furthermore, a new partner joined facing the alarming development of relevant permits provided by the Science and Technology (VAST) and decades. Together with our interna- successful: The marker system per- our conservation project – the Natu- the illegal collection of this endemic respective authorities. This year, we Cologne Zoo, our students Hai Ngoc tional team, we aimed to establish formed well and the analysis revealed ral History Museum of Erfurt, which gecko species, we planned together reported about the successful keep- Ngo and Tan Van Nguyen collected a non­‑invasive genetic monitoring that the red panda population in has a research focus on the natural with Khoi Vu Nguyen from Wildlife ing and breeding of the psychedelic first data about the psychedelic rock scheme using molecular markers for Europe is stable and genetically di- diversity of the Himalaya region. Wel- at Risk (WAR) as a first conservation rock gecko at WAR’s gecko house gecko’s ecology, population and the genetic assessment of both wild verse, even after several generations come on board! measure the building‑up­ of a cap- in southern Vietnam in the journal threat status on Hon Khoai. The first and captive red pandas. As two thirds and over 40 years in captivity. Both tive insurance colony as basis for a Der Zoologische Garten. In paral- population assessment of the gecko, of all captive red pandas are kept in traditional studbook analysis and conservation breeding programme. lel, on behalf of the German Federal jointly evaluated with our PhD stu- European zoos, we started with a molecular methods give testimony to In 2014, together with Cologne Zoo’s Ministry for the Environment, Nature dent Mona van Schingen and Frank detailed analysis of the EEP. the good management of the captive terrarium section keeper Anna Rau- Conservation, Building and Nuclear Barsch from the BMUB, will be pub- red panda population. haus, we planned and built a gecko Safety (BMUB), and as legwork for lished in the journal Amphibian and Over the last nine months, we …that the red house at the grounds of WAR in the the Species Program, UNEP World Reptile Conservation. Our preliminary contacted zoos participating in the Our first objective has been achieved. south of Vietnam, comprising ten Conservation Monitoring Centre, analysis revealed that the population red panda EEP to obtain samples. But for the overall conservation of panda population large terraria, a movable rain cover Cambridge, UK, our team has ana- seems to be rather small, only cover- A total of 224 faecal samples from red pandas it is important to establish with sun blind and a double‑door­ lysed the international trade in the ing several hundreds of individu- 95 zoos across Europe reached the a link between the captive animals in Europe is stable species, the results of which were als. The preferred habitat, densely conservation genetics section of the and their wild relatives. We need recently summarised in an overview forested granitic rocks, is rare and Senckenberg Research Institute. This information on the genetic status of and genetically paper on trade in live reptiles and increasingly threatened by human incredible number of samples and the red pandas in the wild. Also, it would its impact on wild populations in the activities (e. g. poaching, building financial support from WWF Ger- be important to assess the genetic diverse…­ journal Biological Conservation. activities, forest destruction, invasive many gave us the power to establish composition of the other, smaller animals). Thus, the timely build‑up­ the necessary non­‑invasive genetic regional breeding populations of red of an ex situ breeding facility and marker system for the red panda. pandas. We have documented the conservation breeding programme in Many thanks to all participants! procedure and welcome any institu- southern Vietnam was reasonable, as tion from these regions that are keen negative influences by anthropogenic on working with us. impact both on the habitat and den- 1 Natural History Museum Erfurt, Germany 1 Cologne Zoo, Germany sity of the population are obvious. 2 Senckenberg Research Institute and 2 Truong Quang Nguyen – Institute Natural History Museum Frankfurt, of Ecology and Biological Resources, Germany Vietnam Academy of Science and 3 Rotterdam Zoo, The Netherlands Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam 46 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 47

Stefanie Reska – Zoologisch‑Botanischer­ Garten Wilhelma/Stuttgart Zoo, Germany Congohounds Project WAZA Project 16006 WAZA

Due to continuous political instability, there is still a large number of rebel groups hiding inside the park, poach- ing wildlife and clearing rainforest for illegal charcoal production. The situation poses a grave security issue, as rangers are frequently killed dur- ing encounters in the field or armed attacks on ranger posts. 150 rangers lost their lives defending the park during the last 15 years, making it one of the most dangerous parks world- wide to work in as a wildlife guard.

To combat poaching, habitat de- struction and giving the rangers an advantage in the field, the park’s director Emanuel de Merode asked © Anna Rauhaus mantrailing specialist and veterinar- Gecko house in southern Vietnam with large information banner developed by our team. ian Dr Marlene Zähner in 2011 to establish a canine unit that would enable the rangers to track offenders Now, the development of in situ Our preliminary population assess- rised, this is a good example of how back to their hiding places. The unit conservation measures is urgently re- ment and threat evaluation recently interaction between research and was founded the same year, start- quired. For this reason, in March 2016, already has led to the inclusion of conservation in collaboration with ing with the selection of well­‑suited we have met with the authorities of the species in the IUCN Red List of zoo engagement can make a contri- bloodhounds and talented rangers the Forest Protection Department Threatened Species (see http://www. bution towards threatened species’ © Adam Kiefer by Dr Zähner and the subsequent (FPD) of Ca Mau Province, which iucnredlist.org/details/97210381/0); protection – or which role modern, Ranger Cristian and his bloodhound Dodi. training of dogs and handlers in is responsible for Hon Khoai. As a our data also were provided for the scientifically led zoos can play in in- mantrailing techniques over the next first initiative, we have handed over official application to list the species ternational species conservation. three years. ranger equipment, further materi- on the CITES Appendices on the oc- als and self­‑made panels pointing casion of the seventeenth meeting of Virunga National Park in the Demo- The park used to have the highest It is now possible to track a poacher towards the threats and protection of the Conference of the Parties (CoP) in cratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) density of large mammals anywhere either from a snare or a poached ani- the psychedelic rock gecko. Together Johannesburg, South Africa. Summa- is a UNESCO world heritage site and in Africa, but decades of civil unrest mal over many kilometres, even if the with the Ca Mau FPD and WAR, we home to roughly a quarter of the re- and warfare as recent as 2013 have incident has happened several days try to preserve the psychedelic rock maining population of mountain go- caused a drastic decline in elephants, before and there was heavy rainfall. gecko in the long term and jointly en- rillas (Gorilla beringei beringei). The hippos and other wildlife due to the Identification by the dog is accepted gage in habitat protection measures. species has made a comeback from presence of armed militia and the proof to arrest and convict the person. Here, further population monitoring less than 500 to an estimated 880 consequent poaching for bushmeat The presence of the canine unit in and extended biodiversity research, individuals in recent years, with most and ivory. Infant gorillas and chim- and around the park on their routine currently supported by the Zoologi- of the mountain gorillas in Virunga panzees also fall victim to the pet training sessions is already showing a cal Society for the Conservation of being habituated to visits by tourists, trade. deterring effect on poachers. Species and Populations (ZGAP), will thus generating an important income be mandatory for the establishment for the park, its people and other of a reserve. national parks in the DRC.

© Thomas Ziegler Psychedelic rock gecko (Cnemaspis psychedelica). 48 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 49

Friederike von Houwald – Basel Zoo, Switzerland Big Life Foundation WAZA Project 16007 WAZA

© Big Life Foundation Big Life’s Rapid Deployment Unit.

Big Life’s mission is to use innovative conservation strategies and collabo- rate closely with local communities, partner NGOs, national parks and government agencies, to protect and sustain East Africa’s wild lands and wildlife, including one of the great- est populations of elephants left in East Africa. Conservation supports the people and the people support conservation. Big Life’s vision is to establish a successful holistic conser- vation model in the Amboseli–Tsavo ecosystem that can be replicated across the African continent.

Big Life focuses on community­‑based programmes to ensure that com- munities realise and receive benefits © Stefanie Reska from wildlife, with the aim to do the Bloodhound following a trail. following:

• To enhance the viability of wildlife and habitats, particularly threat- In addition to the eight mantrailing While the training of dogs and addi- Along with the support for the canine ened species, across the Amboseli– bloodhounds, the canine unit also tional dog handlers is to be continued, unit, Stuttgart Zoo and Dr Zähner’s Tsavo ecosystem. comprises two springer spaniels that efforts are made to further increase DodoBahati Foundation are also are trained as sniffer dogs to detect the range in which the canine unit sponsoring education in situ, namely • To secure long­‑term sustainability of ivory and ammunition. They are can be deployed. So far Stuttgart Zoo a pre­‑school, a primary school and the project by generating benefits being used to check on suspicious sponsored two vehicles to transport an orphanage in Virunga, where local from conservation for the local com- vehicles entering or leaving the park dogs and rangers from the park’s teachers are raising awareness about munities through employment and as well as finding used bullets in the headquarters, but additional vehicles environmental issues. The social ac- increased tourism. forest, which will in turn lead the in other sectors of the park will be ceptance of the Congohound Project bloodhounds to the offender. needed. Additional kennels through- among the people living around the • Through wildlife‑related benefits, to out the park also need to be estab- park is remarkably high, since villag- © Jeremy Gross/Big Life Foundation inculcate values of wildlife con- lished to allow for a faster response, ers perceive them not only as stew- Maasai warriors competing in Big Life’s Maasai Olympics. servation integrity and universal while at the same time guaranteeing ards of wildlife but also as helping responsibility in wise use of natural the safety of the dogs from fly­‑borne local families, many of whom are so resources and present environmen- diseases. impoverished that they do not have Over the years, an increase in East Big Life Foundation began as Maasai- tal degradation in the ecosystem. the means to pay the school fees for Africa’s human population and activ- land Preservation Trust (MPT) in the their children. ity has placed immense pressure on early 1990s when founder Richard • To address human‑wildlife con- natural resources. This has, in turn, re- Bonham began to see an increase flicts among Maasai pastoralists …rangers are frequently killed sulted in escalating poaching activity in poaching. Beginning with just and farmers in order to safeguard and human‑wildlife conflict: predators 10 community rangers, Big Life now the wildlife and its irreplaceable dur­ing encounters in the field killing livestock, elephants damaging has over 250 rangers, more than habitat. crops and threatening human life; and 120 education scholarships, a live- or armed attacks.… at all times humans, wildlife, livestock stock compensation programme and and agriculture competing for limited a Moran (Maasai warrior) Education natural resources. Initiative and Maasai Olympics. 50 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 51

Markus Gusset – WAZA Executive Office New Directors WAZA WAZA Membership • Andreas Michael Casdorff has been as of 30th November 2016 Update on appointed Managing Director at Executive Zoo Hannover | Germany Associations 22 International Institutions 282 • Tiit Maran has been appointed Affiliates 16 Studbooks Office Director at Tallinn Zoological Corporates 16 Gardens | Estonia Life and Honorary members 115 There are currently 130 active inter- national studbooks (ISBs), including Contacts 159 species or sub-species (eight ISBs New WAZA Members cover more than one taxon). The following events regarding ISBs have • Executive Director: • Cali Zoo | Colombia | occurred since 1 July 2016: Gerald Dick as institutional member [email protected]

ISBs archived • Personal Assistant: Cliff Hannan • None [email protected]

ISBs established • Communication Executive: Hyatt Antognini Amin • None [email protected] [email protected] Transfer of ISBs to new keepers • Chief Conservation Officer: Markus Gusset • None [email protected]

Transfer of ISBs to new institutions • None Future Pending issues • As of 30 September 2016, ISBs for WAZA the maroon-fronted parrot (Rhyn‑ chopsitta terrisi), blue-throated macaw (Ara glaucogularis) and Conference clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa) are vacant. Venues

• 2017: WAZA Guide Berlin, Germany | 15–19 Oct 2017 When smaller or bigger incidents hap- pen, not only the member concerned • 2018: is confronted with a crisis situation, Bangkok/Pattay, but quickly messages spread around Thailand | 21–25 Oct 2018 the world and all zoos or aquariums can be affected. WAZA provides • 2019: a guide on how best to navigate Buenos Aires, through such difficult times and get Argentina | 3–7 Nov 2019 support at the same time. • 2020: San Diego, USA (joint meeting with IZE) © Africam Safari 71st Annual Conference, Puebla. 52 WAZA 4/16 WAZA 4/16 III

Membership Application | Now in 7 Languages Nominated as Association Member Now in 6 Languages Brazilian Zoological FREEFREE and Aquarium Society Sociedade de Zoológicos e Aquários do Brasil

• Sponsors: João Batista da Cruz (ALPZA) and Frank Carlos Camacho (Africam Safari) Download • Founded: 23 September 1977 • Director: Claudio Hermes Maas the App • Address: Hermann Weege (Street), 180, Centro, Pomerode, Santa Catarina, Brazil

• Mission Aggregate Brazil’s zoos and aquariums, seeking their integral development, improvement and A fun and educational strengthening. To achieve this mis- sion, SZB provides technical support free App and facilitate cooperation, training, packed full of useful exchange of knowledge and conduct- In the pursuit of the implementation www.szb.org.br information ing research in the areas of manage- of the WAZA Animal Welfare Strat- ment, education and conservation, so egy, SZB will focus its 41th Annual with links to social that Brazilian zoological institutions Conference on animal welfare, with media for global impact. have efficient management and work the theme “Animal Welfare: Achieve- within the highest ethical and animal ments and Challenges”, where it welfare standards. will be offering Brazilians zoos and aquariums a high‑level­ technical • Vision event to discuss and advance on is- Mainstream and represent the Brazil- sues related to the animal welfare in Test new ian zoos and aquariums, inserting the institutions of Brazil. Discover them into the international zoologi- knowledge in 400 different cal community and being a reference SZB in partnership with the NGO biodiversity in ex situ conservation in the country, Wildwelfare, held a workshop this animal species games participating in the official breeding year to train animal welfare evalua- programs of endangered species tors in zoos and aquariums of Brazil, and collaborating with national and and strongly encourage all its mem- international campaigns for conser- bers to develop welfare programs in Discover how vation education. Be the interlocutor their institutions. Be inspired with Zoos and of the Brazilian zoological com- munity towards governmental and SZB is working with members and a new action Aquariums non­‑governmental organizations in Government Agencies (IBAMA and everyday are conserving biodiversity conservation issues and ICMBio) for the implementation of biodiversity captive wildlife management. the WAZA strategies in Brazil.

SZB has currently 47 members. facebook.com/BioDiversityIsUs facebook.com/BioDiversityIsUstwitter.com/BioDivUs twitter.com/BioDivUsinstagram.com/BioDiversityIsUs 4/16 November 2016

WAZA Executive Office IUCN Conservation Centre Rue Mauverney 28 CH-1196 Gland Switzerland www.waza.org

ISSN: 1662-7733