Parasitism Patterns and the Size-Fecundity Relationship in The
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Tachinid Times Issue 29
Walking in the Footsteps of American Frontiersman Daniel Boone The Tachinid Times Issue 29 Exploring Chile Curious case of Girschneria Kentucky tachinids Progress in Iran Tussling with New Zealand February 2016 Table of Contents ARTICLES Update on New Zealand Tachinidae 4 by F.-R. Schnitzler Teratological specimens and the curious case of Girschneria Townsend 7 by J.E. O’Hara Interim report on the project to study the tachinid fauna of Khuzestan, Iran 11 by E. Gilasian, J. Ziegler and M. Parchami-Araghi Tachinidae of the Red River Gorge area of eastern Kentucky 13 by J.E. O’Hara and J.O. Stireman III Landscape dynamics of tachinid parasitoids 18 by D.J. Inclán Tachinid collecting in temperate South America. 20 Expeditions of the World Tachinidae Project. Part III: Chile by J.O. Stireman III, J.E. O’Hara, P. Cerretti and D.J. Inclán 41 Tachinid Photo 42 Tachinid Bibliography 47 Mailing List 51 Original Cartoon 2 The Tachinid Times Issue 29, 2016 The Tachinid Times February 2016, Issue 29 INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS Chief Editor JAMES E. O’HARA This newsletter accepts submissions on all aspects of tach- InDesign Editor SHANNON J. HENDERSON inid biology and systematics. It is intentionally maintained as a non-peer-reviewed publication so as not to relinquish its status as Staff JUST US a venue for those who wish to share information about tachinids in an informal medium. All submissions are subjected to careful ISSN 1925-3435 (Print) editing and some are (informally) reviewed if the content is thought to need another opinion. Some submissions are rejected because ISSN 1925-3443 (Online) they are poorly prepared, not well illustrated, or excruciatingly bor- ing. -
Diptera: Tachinidae) Larvae
Welch: Competition by Ormia depleta 497 INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION FOR RESOURCES BY ORMIA DEPLETA (DIPTERA: TACHINIDAE) LARVAE C. H. WELCH USDA/ARS/cmave, 1600 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608 ABSTRACT Ormia depleta is a parasitoid of pest mole crickets in the southeastern United States. From 2 to 8 larvae of O. depleta were placed on each of 368 mole cricket hosts and allowed to de- velop. The weights of the host crickets, number of larvae placed, number of resulting pupae, and the weights of those pupae were all factored to determine optimal parasitoid density per host under laboratory rearing conditions. Based on larval survival and pupal weight, this study indicates that 4-5 larvae per host is optimal for laboratory rearing. Key Words: biocontrol, Scapteriscus, parasitoid, superparasitism RESUMEN Ormia depleta es un parasitoide de grillotopos en el sureste de los Estados Unidos. Entre 2 y 8 larvas de O. depleta se colocaron en 368 grillotopos huéspedes y se dejaron madurar. El peso de los huéspedes, el número de larvas de O. depleta colocadas, el número de pupas re- sultantes y el peso de las pupas fueron usados para determinar la densidad optima de para- sitoides en cada huésped para ser usadas en la reproducción de este parasitoide en el laboratorio. Nuestros resultados muestran que entre 4 y 5 larvas por cada grillotopo es la densidad optima para la reproducción en el laboratorio de este parasitoide. Translation provided by the author. Ormia depleta (Wiedemann) is a parasitoid of protocol requires hand inoculation of 3 planidia Scapteriscus spp. mole crickets, imported pests of under the posterior margin of the pronotum of turf and pasture grasses in the southeastern each host (R. -
Ohara\Catalogues\World Genera\Tach
WORLD GENERA OF THE TACHINIDAE (DIPTERA) AND THEIR REGIONAL OCCURRENCE by James E. O’Hara1 23 February 2005 Version 1.0 ________________________ 1 Invertebrate Biodiversity, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0C6. E-mail: [email protected]. TABLE OF CONTENTS Click on a page number to go to the page indicated Foreword ............................................................................................................................... 2 Biogeographic summary ....................................................................................................... 3 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................... 3 Table of genera and their regional occurrence ...................................................................... 4 References ........................................................................................................................... 66 Select a letter to go directly to corresponding genus in list of world genera A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z FOREWORD The following table is a listing of the tachinid genera of the world with their regional occurrence. It was compiled from the generic names and distributions given in the most recent regional catalogues, as listed here, and brought up-to-date using information from subsequently published papers. Regional catalogues Nearctic Region O’Hara & Wood (2004) Neotropical -
Influence of Female Cuticular Hydrocarbon (CHC) Profile on Male Courtship Behavior in Two Hybridizing Field Crickets Gryllus
Heggeseth et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2020) 20:21 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-020-1587-9 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Influence of female cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profile on male courtship behavior in two hybridizing field crickets Gryllus firmus and Gryllus pennsylvanicus Brianna Heggeseth1,2, Danielle Sim3, Laura Partida3 and Luana S. Maroja3* Abstract Background: The hybridizing field crickets, Gryllus firmus and Gryllus pennsylvanicus have several barriers that prevent gene flow between species. The behavioral pre-zygotic mating barrier, where males court conspecifics more intensely than heterospecifics, is important because by acting earlier in the life cycle it has the potential to prevent a larger fraction of hybridization. The mechanism behind such male mate preference is unknown. Here we investigate if the female cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profile could be the signal behind male courtship. Results: While males of the two species display nearly identical CHC profiles, females have different, albeit overlapping profiles and some females (between 15 and 45%) of both species display a male-like profile distinct from profiles of typical females. We classified CHC females profile into three categories: G. firmus-like (F; including mainly G. firmus females), G. pennsylvanicus-like (P; including mainly G. pennsylvanicus females), and male-like (ML; including females of both species). Gryllus firmus males courted ML and F females more often and faster than they courted P females (p < 0.05). Gryllus pennsylvanicus males were slower to court than G. firmus males, but courted ML females more often (p < 0.05) than their own conspecific P females (no difference between P and F). -
Investigating Perception Under Dynamic Auditory Conditions in the Acoustic Parasitoid Fly Ormia Ochracea
Investigating Perception Under Dynamic Auditory Conditions in the Acoustic Parasitoid Fly Ormia ochracea by Dean Koucoulas A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Cell and Systems Biology University of Toronto © Copyright by Dean Koucoulas 2013 Investigating Perception Under Dynamic Auditory Conditions in the Acoustic Parasitoid Fly Ormia ochracea Dean Koucoulas Master of Science Cell and Systems Biology University of Toronto 2013 Abstract Behavioural phonotaxis (oriented movement in response to sound) is an effective means to quantify auditory perception in acoustically communicating insects. Previous phonotaxis studies on the acoustic parasitoid fly Ormia ochracea (Diptera: Tachinidae) have described stereotyped, reflex-like responses towards auditory stimuli modeled after their preferred cricket hosts, yet their ability to demonstrate plasticity of responses in the context of dynamically changing auditory cues has not previously been described. Using a behavioural sensitization protocol, I compared phonotaxis towards behaviourally irrelevant (non-attractive) test stimuli presented alone, and when preceded with the natural, response-evoking cricket song (attractive). Results demonstrate the cricket song as a sensitizing stimulus mediating phonotaxis towards otherwise non-attractive sounds, and differential walking patterns depending on temporal delay between song offset and test stimulus onset. My findings suggest an ecological purpose of sensitization, allowing flies to maintain orientation towards a cricket host amidst conditions of signal disruption in the environment. ii Acknowledgments Throughout my academic career, I have had the immense privilege of being surrounded by an amazing support network of family, friends, peers, and colleagues. I would first like to thank my supervisor, Dr. Andrew C. Mason for being a continual source of support for me, and for giving me the opportunity to explore and incorporate a multitude of interests in the lab, especially re- igniting my passion for electronics. -
Responses of Oaks to Mammal and Insect Herbivory A
RESPONSES OF OAKS TO MAMMAL AND INSECT HERBIVORY A dissertation submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Cynthia Lynn Perkovich May 2021 © Copyright All rights reserved Except for previously published materials Dissertation written by Cynthia Lynn Perkovich B.S., Kent State University, 2013 M.S., University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2016 Ph.D., Kent State University, 2021 Approved by David Ward, Ph.D. , Chair, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Oscar Rocha, Ph.D., Members, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Matthew Lehnert, Ph.D. Don Cipollini, Ph.D. Edgar Kooijman, Ph.D. Accepted by Laura G. Leff, Ph.D. , Chair, Department of Biological Sciences Mandy Munro-Stasiuk, Ph.D. , Interim Dean, College of Arts and Sciences TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................. iii LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................................vi LIST OF TABLES .........................................................................................................................ix ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................................... xi I. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................. 1 REFERENCES.................................................................................................... -
Biologically Inspired Antenna Array Design Using Ormia Modeling1 2 3 4
Biologically inspired antenna array design 1 2 3 4 using Ormia modeling Murat Akcakaya1 , Carlos Muravchik2 and Arye Nehorai3 1 Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA email: [email protected] 2 LEICI, Departamento Electrotecnia, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina email: [email protected] 3 Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA email: [email protected] 1 This chapter is based on the dissertation work completed by Dr. Murat Akcakaya when he was in Washington University in St. Louis 2 Based on Akcakaya, M. Muravchik, C. M and Nehorai, A. (2011) ‘ Biologically inspired coupled antenna array for direction of arrival estimation’, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 59 (10), 4795-4808. 3 Based on Akcakaya, M and Nehorai, A. (2010) ‘ Biologically inspired coupled antenna beampattern design’ , Bioinspiration and Biomimetics, 5 (4) , 046003. 4 The work of Dr. Arye Nehorai was funded by NSF grant CCF-0963742. 1 Abstract This chapter describes the design of a small-size antenna array having high direction of arrival (DOA) estimation accuracy and radiation performance, inspired by female Ormia ochraceas’ coupled ears. Female Ormias are able to locate male crickets' call accurately, for reproduction purposes, despite the small distance between its ears compared with the incoming wavelength. This phenomenon has been explained by the mechanical coupling between the Ormia's ears, modeled by a pair of differential equations. In this chapter, we first solve the differential equations governing the Ormia ochracea's ear response, and propose to convert the response to pre-specified radio frequencies. -
Grain Borer (Rhyzopertha Dominica) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)
Comp. Biochem. PhysioL Vol. 106B, No. 2, pp. 407-414, 1993 0305-0491/93 $6.00 + 0.00 Printed in Great Britain Pergamon Press Ltd CUTICULAR HYDROCARBONS OF WINGED AND WINGLESS MORPHS OF THE ECTOPARASITOID CHOETOSPILA ELEGANS WESTWOOD (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE) AND ITS HOST, LARVAL LESSER GRAIN BORER (RHYZOPERTHA DOMINICA) (COLEOPTERA: BOSTRICHIDAE) RALPH W. HOWARD* and YONGSHENG LIANGt~ USDA Agriculture Research Service, Grain Marketing Research Laboratory, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66502, U.S.A. (Tel. 913-776-2706; Fax 913-776-2792) tChengdu Grain Storage Research Institute, Ministry of Commerce, 95 Huapalfang St., Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China (Received 9 February 1993; accepted 12 March 1993) Abstract--1. The cuticular hydrocarbons from winged and wingless morphs of Choetospila elegans, a larval ectoparasite of several internal-feeding stored product beetle pests, were characterized. 2. All four morphs share the same cuticular hydrocarbons, with the major components being n-alkanes (C21-C33). 3. The minor components are 3-, ! 1- and 13-methyl branched alkanes and Z-10-monoenes. 4. Two-way analysis of variance (sex and wing morph) shows that males and females have the same profiles, whereas four components showed significant differences between wingtype morphs. 5. Only one of these four hydrocarbons (n-C31) was a major component. 6. The cuticular hydrocarbons of larvae of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica, were also characterized. 7. Although the beetles' major components were the same n-alkanes as those found on the adult parasites, their minor components were different. 8. Thus, the beetle larvae have no alkenes, but instead have 3-, 11-, 13- and 15-methylbranched alkanes, as well as a series of 11,15-dimethylalkanes. -
Tawny Mole Cricket
INSECT PESTS Tawny Mole Cricket Prepared by Camille Goodwin, MG 2008 Texas AgriLife Extension Service Galveston County Office Dickinson, TX 77539 Educational programs of the Texas AgriLife Extension Service are open to all people without regard to race, color, sex, disability, religion, age, or national origin. The Texas A&M System, U.S. Department of Agriculture and the County Commissioners Courts of Texas cooperating. FIG. 1 Type Pest: chewing insect (Scapteriscus vicinus Scudder) • Another closely related mole cricket, the southern mole cricket (Scapteriscus borellia Giglio-Tos) also occurs in the Galveston-Houston area Type Metamorphous: simple (egg, nymph and adult stages) Period of Primary Activity: April through October Plants Affected • Bermudagrass and bahiagrass are the primary turfgrasses damaged by the mole cricket, although extensive damage can be sustained on cultivars of St. Augustinegrass, FIG. 2 centipedegrass, ryegrass, zoysiagrass and bentgrass • Tomato, strawberry, beet, cabbage, cantaloupe, carrot, cauliflower, collard, eggplant, kale, lettuce, onion, pepper, potato, spinach, sweet potato, turnip, flowers such as coleus, chrysanthemum, gypsophila, and other plants • Mole crickets feed on other soil-dwelling insects Identifying Characteristics of Insect Pest EGG STAGE • After mating and dispersal flights occur, females lay eggs in cells dug in the soil primarly during April with some egg laying occurring into early summer • Eggs hatch in about 2 weeks FIG. 3 NYMPH STAGES • Nymphs develop through eight juvenile stages (separated by molts) mostly during the summer months. • Each successive growth stage (instar) is larger and looks more and more like the adult but lack fully developed wings • Winter is spent as partially grown nymphs and as adults ADULT STAGE (Fig. -
Mole Cricket: Scapteriscus Vicinus Shortwinged Mole Cricket: Scapteriscus Abbreviatus
Tawny Mole Cricket: Scapteriscus vicinus Shortwinged Mole Cricket: Scapteriscus abbreviatus Biology & Lifecycle: Adults and larger nymphs chew on stems of seedlings and smaller plants at the soil surface. The tawny mole cricket has one generation each year and overwinters as adults, which lay eggs in April through early June. Nymphs grow slowly through the summer months and start becoming adults in September. The shortwinged mole cricket is almost restricted to coastal areas. Most eggs are laid in late spring through early summer. Females of both species lay clutches of eggs in underground egg chambers. Environmental Factors: Tawny and shortwinged mole crickets are present year-around, with adults and large nymphs overwintering but inactivated by cold temperatures and drought (they burrow deeper underground). Irrigation during drought allows them to be active. Flooding forces them to migrate to higher ground. Adult: Adults are large, about 1¼ inches, with wings longer than body (tawny mole cricket (Figure 3)) or very much shorter than body (shortwinged mole cricket (Figure 1)). Both adults and nymphs have enlarged and toothed forelegs for digging; expanded femurs (base of the hind legs) for jumping, although only nymphs jump. All species have soft bodies, with the middle body section protected by a hardened cover (pronotum). Immature: Nymphs range from less than 1/8 inch at hatching to about 1 inch several months later, resembling the adults but without trace of wings in the first 4 instars and with small wing buds in later instars. The number of molts varies from 6 to 9 (Figure 5). Host range: Both species attack seedlings of eggplant, sweet pepper, tobacco, tomato and cabbage. -
Assemblage of Hymenoptera Arriving at Logs Colonized by Ips Pini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and Its Microbial Symbionts in Western Montana
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences Faculty Publications Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences 2009 Assemblage of Hymenoptera Arriving at Logs Colonized by Ips pini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and its Microbial Symbionts in Western Montana Celia K. Boone Diana Six University of Montana - Missoula, [email protected] Steven J. Krauth Kenneth F. Raffa Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/decs_pubs Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Boone, Celia K.; Six, Diana; Krauth, Steven J.; and Raffa, Kenneth F., "Assemblage of Hymenoptera Arriving at Logs Colonized by Ips pini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and its Microbial Symbionts in Western Montana" (2009). Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences Faculty Publications. 33. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/decs_pubs/33 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 172 Assemblage of Hymenoptera arriving at logs colonized by Ips pini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and its microbial symbionts in western Montana Celia K. Boone Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, -
University of Nebraska-Lincoln Digitalcommons@ University Of
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Dissertations and Theses in Biological Sciences Biological Sciences, School of 4-2014 Costs of Female Mating Behavior in the Variable Field Cricket, Gryllus lineaticeps Cassandra M. Martin University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscidiss Part of the Behavior and Ethology Commons, and the Biology Commons Martin, Cassandra M., "Costs of Female Mating Behavior in the Variable Field Cricket, Gryllus lineaticeps" (2014). Dissertations and Theses in Biological Sciences. 65. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscidiss/65 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences, School of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses in Biological Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. COSTS OF FEMALE MATING BEHAVIOR IN THE VARIABLE FIELD CRICKET, GRYLLUS LINEATICEPS by Cassandra M. Martin A DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College of the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Major: Biological Sciences (Ecology, Evolution, & Behavior) Under the Supervision of Professor William E. Wagner, Jr. Lincoln, Nebraska April, 2014 COSTS OF FEMALE MATING BEHAVIOR IN THE VARIABLE FIELD CRICKET, GRYLLUS LINEATICEPS Cassandra M. Martin, Ph.D. University of Nebraska, 2014 Advisor: William E. Wagner, Jr. Female animals may risk predation by associating with males that have conspicuous mate attraction traits. The mate attraction song of male field crickets also attracts lethal parasitoid flies. Female crickets, which do not sing, may risk parasitism when associating with singing males.