Citrus Varieties
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
How to Fight Citrus Greening Disease (And It’S Not Through Genetic Engineering)
William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review Volume 40 (2015-2016) Issue 3 Article 7 May 2016 Saving The Orange: How to Fight Citrus Greening Disease (And It’s Not Through Genetic Engineering) Evan Feely Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmelpr Part of the Agriculture Law Commons, and the Environmental Law Commons Repository Citation Evan Feely, Saving The Orange: How to Fight Citrus Greening Disease (And It’s Not Through Genetic Engineering), 40 Wm. & Mary Envtl. L. & Pol'y Rev. 893 (2016), https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmelpr/vol40/iss3/7 Copyright c 2016 by the authors. This article is brought to you by the William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmelpr SAVING THE ORANGE: HOW TO FIGHT CITRUS GREENING DISEASE (AND IT’S NOT THROUGH GENETIC ENGINEERING) EVAN FEELY* INTRODUCTION The orange is dying. With Florida’s citrus industry already suffer- ing from the growing skepticism of an increasingly health-conscious American public as to orange juice’s benefits,1 the emergence of citrus greening disease over the past two decades has left the orange’s long-term future very much in doubt.2 A devastating virus first documented in China roughly one hundred years ago, citrus greening disease (or “HLB”), has only migrated to Florida in the past twenty years, but has quickly made up for lost time.3 Primarily transmitted by an insect known as the Asian citrus psyllid (“ACP”), the disease has devastated Florida growers in recent years, wiping out entire groves and significantly affecting trees’ overall yield.4 This past year, Florida growers experienced their least productive harvest in forty years, and current estimates of next year’s yield are equally dismal.5 * J.D. -
Reaction of Tangerines Genotypes to Elsinoe Fawcettiiunder
Reaction of tangerines genotypes to Elsinoe fawcettii under natural infection conditions Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 11: 77-81, 2011 Brazilian Society of Plant Breeding. Printed in Brazil Reaction of tangerines genotypes to Elsinoe fawcettii under natural infection conditions Marcelo Claro de Souza1*, Eduardo Sanches Stuchi2 and Antonio de Goes3 Received 11 February 2010 Accepted 30 September 2010 ABSTRACT - A citrus scab disease, caused by Elsinoe fawcettii, is currently found in all citrus areas throughout Brazil. That being, given the importance of this casual agent, the behavior of tangerines and hybrids influenced by this pathogen was evaluated under natural infection conditions. This study was performed with plants around 15 years old without irrigation; 100 fruits of three plants were collected during harvest season, using a grade scale varying from 0 (absence of symptoms) to 6 (severe symptoms) the level of disease severity was determined. Among the cultivars, citrus scab resistance was observed in Citrus deliciosa, C. tangerina, C. nobilis; a mandarin hybrid (C. nobilis x C. deliciosa) and a satsuma hybrid (C. unshiu x C. sinensis). Among the other genotypes, symptoms were observed with levels of severity ranging from 1 to 3, indicating moderate resistance. Key words: Citrus scab, citrus crop, resistant varieties. INTRODUCTION In Brazil, E. fawcettii is responsible for citrus scab. The disease is widespread in many humid, citrus-cultivating In many citrus production areas around the world, areas around the world and decreases fruit values on the Elsinoe fawcettii is one of the main fungi diseases found. fresh-fruit market (Feichtenberger et al. 1986). In young It attacks a wide variety of citrus species and cultivars, plants or under severe infection, it may cause significant resulting in scab disease on leaves, twigs, and fruits (Timmer fruit drop. -
Canker and Greening – Lessons from South America by Bob Rouse and Fritz Roka
Citrus Expo follow-up Canker and greening – lessons from South America By Bob Rouse and Fritz Roka he 2006 Citrus Expo featured citrus managers from Cecil Taylor described citrus production in the northeast Brazil and Argentina who spoke about their manage - region of Argentina where producers grow common oranges, ment programs to control citrus canker and citrus mandarins and grapefruit. Tgreening diseases. The strategies they described Argentina was devastated by tristeza in the 1940s and in have been successful and hopefully transferable to citrus the 1960s began to see canker. Initial control efforts included production in Florida. eradication, tree defoliation and spraying enough copper that The Florida canker eradication program was abandoned in trees turned blue. These efforts proved fruitless, and growers the spring of 2006 after the USDA predicted that canker demanded an end to any eradication policy. would spread by 100,000 acres before the end of the year. During these early years, windbreaks were not part of any Currently, most of the canker is south of Polk County’s State perceived solution. By the end of the 1980s, they began to re - Road 60. Since the eradication program ended, there have alize, however, that the key to canker control lies in slowing been about 100 new finds monthly. down the wind, even though they did not experience strong Grower self-inspections have accounted for 40 percent of winds. They started with low-growing plants like sugarcane, the new finds. DPI inspectors have identified the remaining maze and sunflower. By the 1990s, they saw the need for 60 percent of new canker finds. -
Rangpur Lime X Troyer Citrange, a Hybrid Citrus Rootstock for Closely Spaced Trees
Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 99:33-35. 1986. RANGPUR LIME X TROYER CITRANGE, A HYBRID CITRUS ROOTSTOCK FOR CLOSELY SPACED TREES W. S. Castle A combination of diseases, repeated freezes, and other University of Florida, IFAS factors has reemphasized the importance of rootstocks in Citrus Research and Education Center Florida. Moreover, the effects of these factors illustrate the 700 Experiment Station Road inherent weaknesses in virtually all citrus rootstocks and Lake Alfred, FL 33850 the need to continually search for new, improved ones. Another recent trend related to rootstocks has been C. O. YOUTSEY the shift toward more closely spaced trees, particularly FDACS, Division of Plant Industry within the row (7,8). Rootstocks well-suited for dense plan Citrus Budwood Registration Bureau tings have not been available although such stocks are 3027 Lake Alfred Road being evaluated and one appears particularly promising Winter Haven, FL 33881 (1, 3, 4, 8). It is a hybrid of Rangpur lime and Troyer D. J. Hutchison citrange (RxT) and has been under study in Florida for 18 United States Department of Agriculture yr. During this period, trees on RxT have demonstrated Agricultural Research Service sufficient commercial potential to justify our presentation 2120 Camden Road in this report of their performance and a description of Orlando, FL 32803 RxT and its characteristics. Additional index words. Blight, tristeza, tree size control. History Dr. J. R. Furr, formerly a plant breeder with the U.S. Abstract. A hybrid of Rangpur lime (Citrus limonia Osb.) and Department of Agriculture (USDA) at Indio, California, Troyer citrange [ C. sinensis (L) Osb. -
Known Host Plants of Huanglongbing (HLB) and Asian Citrus Psyllid
Known Host Plants of Huanglongbing (HLB) and Asian Citrus Psyllid Diaphorina Liberibacter citri Plant Name asiaticus Citrus Huanglongbing Psyllid Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. Serr.: bael, Bengal quince, golden apple, bela, milva X Aeglopsis chevalieri Swingle: Chevalier’s aeglopsis X X Afraegle gabonensis (Swingle) Engl.: Gabon powder-flask X Afraegle paniculata (Schum.) Engl.: Nigerian powder- flask X Atalantia missionis (Wall. ex Wight) Oliv.: see Pamburus missionis X X Atalantia monophylla (L.) Corr.: Indian atalantia X Balsamocitrus dawei Stapf: Uganda powder- flask X X Burkillanthus malaccensis (Ridl.) Swingle: Malay ghost-lime X Calodendrum capense Thunb.: Cape chestnut X × Citroncirus webberi J. Ingram & H. E. Moore: citrange X Citropsis gilletiana Swingle & M. Kellerman: Gillet’s cherry-orange X Citropsis schweinfurthii (Engl.) Swingle & Kellerm.: African cherry- orange X Citrus amblycarpa (Hassk.) Ochse: djerook leemo, djeruk-limau X Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle: lime, Key lime, Persian lime, lima, limón agrio, limón ceutí, lima mejicana, limero X X Citrus aurantium L.: sour orange, Seville orange, bigarde, marmalade orange, naranja agria, naranja amarga X Citrus depressa Hayata: shiikuwasha, shekwasha, sequasse X Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck: see Citrus maxima X Citrus hassaku hort. ex Tanaka: hassaku orange X Citrus hystrix DC.: Mauritius papeda, Kaffir lime X X Citrus ichangensis Swingle: Ichang papeda X Citrus jambhiri Lushington: rough lemon, jambhiri-orange, limón rugoso, rugoso X X Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka: xiang -
Cinnamon Kumquats
Preserve Today, Relish Tomorrow UCCE Master Food Preservers of El Dorado County 311 Fair Lane, Placerville CA 95667 Helpline (530) 621-5506 • Email: [email protected] • Visit us on Facebook and Twitter! Cinnamon Kumquats “How about a kumquat, my little chickadee?” (W.C. Fields, My Little Chickadee,1940) Say what? Yes, I said kumquats. Those adorable little kumquats. You know, those “things” that you have been so curious about. Another idea for using citrus that is not a marmalade. Vive la différence! That said, a kumquat marmalade is nothing short of marvelous. Honestly. “A kumquat is not an orange though it wants to be one, especially when they’re around other kumquats. (W.C. Fields, It’s A Gift, 1934) Kumquats are native to China, and their name comes from the Cantonese kam kwat, which means "golden orange." They are a symbol of prosperity and a traditional gift at Lunar New Year. Unlike other citrus, kumquats are eaten whole, including the skin. They have a tart-bitter-sweet taste that is boldly refreshing. Ya gotta try one. Really. Just pop one in your mouth and go for it. Fresh kumquats are wonderful in salads and in savory dishes. They are also great in chutneys and relishes. We canned them in a sweet cinnamon syrup. They can then be eaten right out of the jar like candy or used in desserts such as pound cakes or cheesecakes. The syrup is wonderful for drizzles, too. Savory ideas: use them in salads (use the syrup in your dressing!), they would be perfect with ham, maybe as a glaze for chicken wings (I would add some hot sauce, too). -
Tropical Horticulture: Lecture 32 1
Tropical Horticulture: Lecture 32 Lecture 32 Citrus Citrus: Citrus spp., Rutaceae Citrus are subtropical, evergreen plants originating in southeast Asia and the Malay archipelago but the precise origins are obscure. There are about 1600 species in the subfamily Aurantioideae. The tribe Citreae has 13 genera, most of which are graft and cross compatible with the genus Citrus. There are some tropical species (pomelo). All Citrus combined are the most important fruit crop next to grape. 1 Tropical Horticulture: Lecture 32 The common features are a superior ovary on a raised disc, transparent (pellucid) dots on leaves, and the presence of aromatic oils in leaves and fruits. Citrus has increased in importance in the United States with the development of frozen concentrate which is much superior to canned citrus juice. Per-capita consumption in the US is extremely high. Citrus mitis (calamondin), a miniature orange, is widely grown as an ornamental house pot plant. History Citrus is first mentioned in Chinese literature in 2200 BCE. First citrus in Europe seems to have been the citron, a fruit which has religious significance in Jewish festivals. Mentioned in 310 BCE by Theophrastus. Lemons and limes and sour orange may have been mutations of the citron. The Romans grew sour orange and lemons in 50–100 CE; the first mention of sweet orange in Europe was made in 1400. Columbus brought citrus on his second voyage in 1493 and the first plantation started in Haiti. In 1565 the first citrus was brought to the US in Saint Augustine. 2 Tropical Horticulture: Lecture 32 Taxonomy Citrus classification based on morphology of mature fruit (e.g. -
Rangpur Lime Disease and Its Relatiomship to Exocortis
RANGPUR LIME DISEASE AND ITS RELATIOMSHIP TO EXOCORTIS Instituto Agronomico, Campinas, Sgo Paulo, Brazil INTRODUCTION The Rangpur lime has been used in Brazil more or less extensively as a rootstock for several orange varieties since the early citrus plantings were established. When the tristeza disease invaded and destroyed those Brazilian citrus groves which were budded on sour orange- and sweet lime (lima da Persia), it was demonstrated (5)*, that the Rangpur lime was tolerant to tristeza virus. Since then, nurserymen and growers have favored its use as rootstock for many kinds of citrus plants. However, the young plant- ing~soon showed symptoms of a "new disease" that seemed to be related to the Rangpur lime rootstock. The behavior of Poncirus trifoliata and Rana~ur-1 lime as rootstocks for some sweet orange, grapefruit, and mandarin clones in the tests at the Limeira, RibeirSo Preto, and Tiet6 Stations gave us evidence that the "new disease" was caused by the exocortis virus (6).Olson and Shull (9),in Texas, and Reitz and Knorr (lo), in Florida, were able to confirm that thesis. Olson and Shull demonstrated also that Rangpur l&e shows xyloporosis symptoms when as a rootstock it has been budded with infected scion varieties. Grant et al. (3) reported later that they found xyloporosis symptoms on Rangpur- - lime in Brazil. This paper reports on additional studies made in Brazil on transmission of exocortis virus, symptomat~log~of affected trees, and the effects of the disease on fruit produc- tion. MATERIALS AND RESULTS Incubation Period in Young Trees. One hundred Rangpur lime seedlings were budded in the nursery in May, 1950, with clonal buds from the following varieties (20 each) : Bahianinha, Bargo, and Pera oranges, Marsh seedless grapefruit, and Eureka lemon. -
Orange/Clementine Grade March Citrus 2-3
Pick a better snack™ Lesson Plan ORANGE/CLEMENTINE GRADE MARCH CITRUS 2-3 RECOMMENDED An Orange in January by Dianna Hutts Aston BOOK NEEDED SUPPLIES Oranges or clementines, strainer, hand-held citrus press/ juicer (optional) CITRUS FEATURED NEEDED “The Florida Way” Jammin’ Minute TASTING: RESOURCES Orange photo ORANGE/ 21ST CENTURY Students will learn that eating fruit is a way to be healthy and want to CLEMENTINE SKILL include it in a healthy diet. • Practice preventative health behaviors • 2-3: Choose healthy foods. OBJECTIVES • Students will gain knowledge of orange/clementines (plant part, how to recognize, how to eat, how to prepare). • Students will learn that oranges/clementines help them fight off infection and are good for their bodies. • Students will learn that friends and educator eat citrus fruits. • Students will learn to try new fruits and vegetables. WHAT YOU NEED • Citrus grows in a topical or subtropical environment. Citrus is an TO KNOW ABOUT important industry in Florida, California, Arizona and Texas. In the U.S., CITRUS FRUITS Florida produces the most oranges and grapefruit. California produces the most lemons and tangerines. ALTERNATIVES: • The complete citrus fruits list is a long one and includes oranges, GRAPEFRUIT lemons, limes, mandarins, clementines, tangerines, grapefruits, kumquats, minneola tangelos, pomelos, oroblancos, and uglis. • Unlike many fruits, citrus does not ripen after it has been picked from the tree. • The United States ranks 3rd in citrus production worldwide. • Orange trees are the most common fruit tree in the world. • Navels and Valencia are the most popular oranges in California. They have a thicker skin and less juice than the ones grown in Florida due to drier conditions and cooler nights. -
WIC Shopping Guide
JUICE – FRUIT – SINGLE (64 OZ) APPLE ONLY THESE BRANDS GRAPE, RED GRAPE, OR WHITE GRAPE ONLY THESE BRANDS JUICE – FRUIT – SINGLE (64 OZ) ORANGE ANY BRAND PINEAPPLE ONLY THESE BRANDS 18 JUICE – FRUIT – SINGLE (64 OZ) BUY BUY Must Be Any brand 100% orange juice. 64 oz plastic bottles Some examples: Only these brands and types Essential Everyday Golden Crown Apple Juicy Juice Essential Everyday Langers Great Value Old Orchard Haggen Signature Kitchens IGA Tropicana Juicy Juice Western Family GRAPE, RED GRAPE, OR WHITE GRAPE Kroger ONLY THESE BRANDS Langers Old Orchard DON’T BUY Signature Kitchens Cartons or glass bottles Tree Top Cider JUICE – FRUIT – SINGLE (64 OZ) Western Family Cocktail Grape, Red Grape, or Frozen White Grape Lemon Essential Everyday Lemonade Great Value Lime Haggen Limeade IGA Organic Juicy Juice Punch not 100% Juice Kroger Refrigerated Langers Unfiltered Old Orchard Signature Kitchens Welch’s Western Family Pineapple Essential Everyday Kroger Langers Old Orchard Signature Kitchens Western Family 19 JUICE – FRUIT – MIXED OR BLENDS (64 OZ) MIXED FRUIT ONLY THESE BRANDS JUICE FRUIT– MIXED– OR BLENDS(64 OZ) 20 JUICE – FRUIT – MIXED OR BLENDS (64 OZ) BUY BUY Must Be Apple Grape 64 oz plastic bottles Apple Kiwi Strawberry Only these brands and types Apple Orange Pineapple Essential Everyday Apple Peach Mango Berry Cranberry Grape Plus Cherry Cranberry Plus Cranberry Raspberry Plus Cranberry Cranberry Raspberry Old Orchard Grape Blend Acai Pomegranate 100% Juice Punch Apple Cranberry Berry Blend Great Value Black Cherry Cranberry -
Citrus from Seed?
Which citrus fruits will come true to type Orogrande, Tomatera, Fina, Nour, Hernandina, Clementard.) from seed? Ellendale Tom McClendon writes in Hardy Citrus Encore for the South East: Fortune Fremont (50% monoembryonic) “Most common citrus such as oranges, Temple grapefruit, lemons and most mandarins Ugli Umatilla are polyembryonic and will come true to Wilking type. Because most citrus have this trait, Highly polyembryonic citrus types : will mostly hybridization can be very difficult to produce nucellar polyembryonic seeds that will grow true to type. achieve…. This unique characteristic Citrus × aurantiifolia Mexican lime (Key lime, West allows amateurs to grow citrus from seed, Indian lime) something you can’t do with, say, Citrus × insitorum (×Citroncirus webberii) Citranges, such as Rusk, Troyer etc. apples.” [12*] Citrus × jambhiri ‘Rough lemon’, ‘Rangpur’ lime, ‘Otaheite’ lime Monoembryonic (don’t come true) Citrus × limettioides Palestine lime (Indian sweet lime) Citrus × microcarpa ‘Calamondin’ Meyer Lemon Citrus × paradisi Grapefruit (Marsh, Star Ruby, Nagami Kumquat Redblush, Chironja, Smooth Flat Seville) Marumi Kumquat Citrus × sinensis Sweet oranges (Blonde, navel and Pummelos blood oranges) Temple Tangor Citrus amblycarpa 'Nasnaran' mandarin Clementine Mandarin Citrus depressa ‘Shekwasha’ mandarin Citrus karna ‘Karna’, ‘Khatta’ Poncirus Trifoliata Citrus kinokuni ‘Kishu mandarin’ Citrus lycopersicaeformis ‘Kokni’ or ‘Monkey mandarin’ Polyembryonic (come true) Citrus macrophylla ‘Alemow’ Most Oranges Citrus reshni ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin Changshou Kumquat Citrus sunki (Citrus reticulata var. austera) Sour mandarin Meiwa Kumquat (mostly polyembryonic) Citrus trifoliata (Poncirus trifoliata) Trifoliate orange Most Satsumas and Tangerines The following mandarin varieties are polyembryonic: Most Lemons Dancy Most Limes Emperor Grapefruits Empress Tangelos Fairchild Kinnow Highly monoembryonic citrus types: Mediterranean (Avana, Tardivo di Ciaculli) Will produce zygotic monoembryonic seeds that will not Naartje come true to type. -
Citrus Fruits 2020 Summary (August 2020) 3 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
United States Department of Citrus Fruits Agriculture National 2020 Summary Agricultural Statistics Service August 2020 ISSN: 1948-9048 Contents Utilized Citrus Production – United States Chart ................................................................................................................... 6 Citrus Value of Production – United States Chart .................................................................................................................. 6 Citrus Narrative ....................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Citrus Acreage, Production, Utilization, and Value – States and United States: 2017-2018, 2018-2019, and 2019-2020 ........................................................................................................................................................................ 8 Citrus Acreage, Production, Utilization, and Value by Crop – United States: 2017-2018, 2018-2019, and 2019-2020 ........................................................................................................................................................................ 9 Orange Acreage, Yield, Utilization, Price, and Value by Type – States and United States: 2017-2018, 2018-2019, and 2019-2020 ................................................................................................................................................... 10 Bearing Acres of Oranges – United States Chart .................................................................................................................