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Chapter 22 War and the American State 1914-1920

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Chapter 22 War and the American State 1914-1920 Chapter 22: War & the American State 1914-1920 Upon completion of this chapter you should be able to answer & explain: The Road to World War I Original presentation by: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS,Chappaqua, NY. Modified by Cameron Flint-CHS> Colonial Rivalries : Africa in 1914 Colonial Rivalries: Asia in 1914 The British Empire in 1914 The Balkans in 1878 Tensions & Conflicts: 1873-1914 1. Three Emperors’ League (1873) Ger, A-H, Rus. 2. Dual Alliance (1879) Ger. & A-H 3. Triple Alliance (1882) Ger, A-H, It. 4. Reinsurance Treaty (1887) restore relations between Ger. & Rus. 5. Franco-Russian Alliance (1894) 6. British-Japanese Alliance (1902) 7. The Entente Cordiale (1904) Br. & Fr. Tensions & Conflicts: 1873-1914 8. First Moroccan Crisis (1905) 9. Russo-Japanese War (1905) 10. The Anglo-Russian Convention (1907) Persia 11. Triple Entente (1907) Br, Fr, Rus 12. The Bosnian Crisis of 1908 13. Second Moroccan Crisis (1911) 14. The First Balkan War (1912) 15. The Second Balkan War (1913) The Balkan Wars: 1912-1913 Europe in 1914 The Balkans in 1914 1914- 1918: The World at War By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley H. S. Chappaqua, NY Differing Viewpoints § “Family Feud” § “Fall of the Eagles” § “The War to End All Wars” § “The War to ‘Make the World Safe for Democracy’” Chapter 22 Discussion Questions Causes of the War 1. The Alliance System Triple Entente: Triple Alliance: Two Armed Camps! Allied Powers: Central Powers: The Major Players: 1914-17 Allied Powers: Central Powers: Nicholas II [Rus] Wilhelm II [Ger] George V [Br] Victor Emmanuel II [It] Enver Pasha [Turkey] Pres. Poincare [Fr] Franz Josef [A-H] Europe in 1914 2. Militarism & Arms Race Total Defense Expenditures for the Great Powers [Ger., A-H, It., Fr., Br., Rus.] in millions of £s. 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1914 94 130 154 268 289 398 1910-1914 Increase in Defense Expenditures France 10% Britain 13% Russia 39% Germany 73% 3. Economic & Imperial Rivalries 4. Aggressive Nationalism Pan-Slavism: The Balkans, 1914 The “Powder Keg” of Europe The “Spark” Archduke Franz Ferdinand & His Family The Assassination: Sarajevo The Assassin: Gavrilo Princip Who’s To Blame? The Schlieffen Plan German Atrocities in Belgium Mobilization wHome by Christmas! wNo major war in 50 years! wNationalism! It's a long way to Tipperary, It's a long way to go; It's a long way to Tipperary, To the sweetest girl I know! Goodbye, Piccadilly, Farewell, Leicester Square, It's a long, long way to Tipperary, But my heart's right there! Recruitment Posters A Young Australian Recruit Recruits of the Central Powers A German Soldier Says Farewell to His Mother Austro- Hungarians New French Recruits A German Boy Pretends to Be a Soldier Soldiers Mobilized 14 12 10 8 6 Millions 4 2 0 France Germany Russia Britain Women and the War Effort Financing the War For Recruitment Munitions Workers French Women Factory Workers German Women Factory Workers Working in the Fields A Woman Ambulance Driver Red Cross Nurses Women in the Army Auxiliary Russian Women Soldiers Spies e “Mata Hari” e Real Name: Margareetha Geertruide Zelle e German Spy! Posters: Wartime Propagand a Australian Poster American Poster Financing the War German Poster Think of Your Children! The Western Front: A “War of Attrition” A Multi-Front War The Western Front Trench Warfare Trench Warfare “No Man’s Land” Verdun – February, 1916 e German offensive. e Each side had 500,000 casualties. The Somme – July, 1916 e 60,000 British soldiers killed in one day. e Over 1,000,000 killed in 5 months. War Is HELL !! Sacrifices in War Krupp’s “Big Bertha” Gun The Eastern Front The Gallipoli Disaster, 1915 Turkish Cavalry in Palestine T. E. Lawrence & the “Arab Revolt”, 1916-18 T. E. Lawrence & Prince Faisal at Versailles, 1918-19 The Tsar with General Brusilov The “Colonial” Fronts Sikh British Soldiers in India Fighting in Africa Black Soldiers in the German Schutztruppen [German E. Africa] British Sikh Mountain Gunners Fighting in Africa 3rd British Battalion, Nigerian Brigade Fighting in Salonika, Greece French colonial marine infantry from Cochin, China - 1916 Americ a Joins the Alli The Sinking of the Lusitania The Zimmerman Telegram The Yanks Are Coming! Americans in the Trenches The War of the Industrial Revolution: New Technology French Renault Tank British Tank at Ypres U-Boats Allied Ships Sunk by U-Boats The Airplane “Squadron Over the Brenta” Max Edler von Poosch, 1917 The Flying Aces of World War I Eddie Francesco Eddie “Mick” Rickenbacher, US Barraco, It. Mannoch, Br. Manfred von Willy Coppens de Rene Pauk Richtoffen, Ger. Holthust, Belg. Fonck, Fr. [The “Red Baron”] Curtis-Martin U. S. Aircraft Plant Looking for the “Red Baron?” The Zeppelin Flame Throwers Grenade Launchers Poison Gas Machine Gun “Art” of World War I “A Street in Arras” John Singer Sargent, 1918 “Oppy Wood” – John Nash, 1917 “Those Who Have Lost Their Names” Albin Eggar-Linz, 1914 “Gassed and Wounded” Eric Kennington, 1918 “Paths of Glory” C. R. W. Nevinson, 1917 German Cartoon: “Fit for active service!”, 1918 1918 Flu Pandemic: Depletes All Armies 50,000,000 – 100,000,000 died 11 a.m., November 11, 1918 The Armistice is Signed! 9,000,000 Dead The Somme American Cemetary, France 116,516 Americans Died World War I Casualties 10,000,000 9,000,000 Russia 8,000,000 Germany 7,000,000 Austria-Hungary 6,000,000 France 5,000,000 4,000,000 Great Britain 3,000,000 Italy 2,000,000 Turkey 1,000,000 US 0 Turkish Genocide Against Armenians A Portent of Future Horrors to Come! Turkish Genocide Against Armenians Districts & Vilayets of Western Armenia 1914 1922 in Turkey Erzerum 215,000 1,500 Van 197,000 500 Kharbert 204,000 35,000 Diarbekir 124,000 3,000 Bitlis 220,000 56,000 Sivas 225,000 16,800 Other Armenian-populated Sites in Turkey Western Anatolia 371,800 27,000 Cilicia and Northern Syria 309,000 70,000 European Turkey 194,000 163,000 Trapizond District 73,390 15,000 Total 2,133,190 387,800.
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