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Mobile Svg.Qxd SWPY008 - February 2003 White Paper Mobile SVG By: Jeff Wender The latest wireless equipment is delivering end users an impressive Texas Instruments — array of new features, services and applications. Mobile Scalable OMAP Marketing Manager, Vector Graphics (Mobile SVG), a new imaging standard recently adopt- Strategic Alliances ed by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) for Multimedia Donna Ronayne Messaging Services (MMS), is playing a pivotal role in bringing vibrant BitFlash — graphics and images to mobile devices. Mobile SVG, which was Vice President, Business Development developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), was recently established as a “shall support”, or mandatory feature for future wire- less devices supporting MMS messages. Now, with its de facto stan- dardization, Mobile SVG is poised to make a host of 2.5G and 3G MMS messaging content a reality. Table of contents Mobile SVG—Definitions, Origins and Advantages . 2 A Desktop Standard Goes Mobile . 2 For What Kinds of Applications/Content is Mobile SVG suitable? . 3 Mobile SVG—A Better Solution for Wireless Imaging . 3 Why Mobile SVG Over Other Vector Graphics Standards? . 4 SVG and Mobile SVG Standards History . .4 What Mobile SVG Means for Carriers, Manufacturers and Content Providers . 5 How SVG is Created . 6 An Approach to Adding Mobile SVG Functionality . 6 BitFlash . 7 The OMAP™ Platform From Texas Instruments . 8 Summary . 10 Page 2 Mobile SVG Mobile SVG Although Mobile SVG is new, promising applications are already emerging. Among the most innovative are entertainment applications, location-based and field services. Entertainment content includes interactive cartoons, greeting cards and animations. Location-based and field services are two application areas that will benefit significantly from the introduction of Mobile SVG because of the technology’s ability to allow users to zoom in on maps to high magnifica- tion levels without loss of image quality. Location-based services include maps with animated objects and hyperlinks that provide consistently sharp views of different areas of maps or lay- ers of topography. Field services include technical drawings that, thanks to Mobile SVG, can provide consistent, high quality images whether viewed in full or in detail. Mobile SVG — There are myriad file formats, including JPEG, GIF and PNG, for depicting graphic images. As definitions, origins and bitmaps, these image formats only feature a color description for each of the pixels, which advantages are comprised of dots that make up an image. Conversely, Mobile SVG is a vector graphic format that contains geometric descriptions of all the shapes in an image with all of their attributes, including color, size and outline thickness amongst others. There are also other vector-based formats such as Macromedia Flash, AutoCAD and PostScript. However, unlike these other formats, Mobile SVG is open and vendor-neutral, XML-based and specifically designed for wireless transmission and display. Created by the W3C, Mobile SVG is a standard format for describing 2D vector graphics in XML. The format is designed to ensure that MMS messages with rich, interactive graphics are interoperable among carriers, handsets and content providers without the need for lossy con- versions between incompatible rich graphics formats. As an XML-based standard, Mobile SVG is human readable, so if someone opens an SVG file in a text editor, one will see “pointy brack- ets”, nesting and all the other structures found in a typical XML file, in human-readable (text) form. If, however, one opens the same SVG file in an SVG viewing application, the user will see a rich vector graphic. In addition to being easy to read, Mobile SVG is a powerful graphics format capable of representing very advanced graphical features, including animation, layered graph- ics, semi-transparent objects, graphics embedded within graphics, complex shapes and font effects, etc. It is also highly interactive with features such as zooming in/out, panning, hyper- links and more. On top of all these capabilities, Mobile SVG is very easy to author. A desktop standard All of these attributes give Mobile SVG qualities that HTML and bitmaps cannot support. goes mobile However, Mobile SVG should not be mistaken as a replacement for bitmap formats or HTML, rather it is better suited to encoding and displaying certain types of content. SVG was originally designed to be viewed on desktop computing platforms, however the rap- idly growing popularity of mobile, wirelessly-connected devices created strong demand for a version of SVG that was better suited to the wireless environment. In response to this demand, the W3C defined two “mobile profiles” of SVG called SVG Basic (for higher-end handsets and PDA’s) and SVG Tiny (for smartphones and lower-end devices). The features found in SVG Tiny are a subset of SVG Basic, which in turn is a subset of the full SVG feature set. Collectively, SVG Tiny and SVG Basic are known as “Mobile SVG”. Page 3 Mobile SVG Mobile SVG — a better Mobile SVG’s advantages for encoding and displaying content such as animations, maps and solution for wireless interactive graphics are distinctive. Vector graphics are dynamic and scalable, and they pre- imaging serve the intelligence encoded in the graphics at the time of creation, including animation, layers, semi-transparent objects, graphics embedded within graphics, complex shapes and font effects. Vector images, as opposed to bitmap images, are scalable and easily manipulat- ed to suit a wide range of media outputs. Up until recently, graphical content for wireless users was normally provided as a static raster image (bitmap) because there were no stan- dards-based wireless vector formats to For what kinds of applications/content is Mobile SVG suitable? save it in, nor any browsers available to display it. As a result, images saved in • Entertainment: Interactive cartoons, greeting cards and animations. bitmap format lost all the associated • Location-based services: Maps with animated objects and links on them, ‘intelligence’ and advantages of the origi- that allow the user to zoom in/out, toggle the visibility of different map lay- nal vector file. Vector graphics as real- ers and select locations. ized in Mobile SVG are inherently interac- • Field Service: Technical drawings that can be viewed in full detail. tive, with features such as zooming, pan- • Email attachments: Popular office document formats such as MS Word, ning, layering, hyperlinks and more. MS PowerPoint, Adobe PDF can be viewed on MMS handsets with for- Mobile SVG’s scalability allows image matting, graphics and font information intact, using Mobile SVG. For more resizing to fit any screen or printer size or information on this feature, please see “About BitFlash and BitFlash resolution with no loss of quality. This is Products” at the end of this document. an advantage in the wireless world, where mobile devices come in countless • Any other type of wireless application where JPEG, GIF or other bitmap shapes and sizes. Users can also zoom formats will not provide graphical richness, scalability, interactivity or ani- in on images with no loss of quality — a mation. useful capability when viewing detailed graphics on small handset screens. Particularly important for bandwidth-sensitive mobile applications, file sizes for Mobile SVG files are typically smaller than bitmaps, reducing download times over wireless networks. Another specific example of the powerful features of Mobile SVG is the information it can store about objects in a graphic. For example, a square with a triangle on top can “know” that it is a house on an SVG map. An event such as hyperlinking or display bubbles with embedded text can then be generated to give the user more information or clickable options. Text within SVG graphics can even be searched using standard search engines. While Mobile SVG is suitable for many applications, there are some things for which it is not needed. Vector graphics are not suitable for photographic images, whereas JPEG was designed specifically for that task. As a result, the 3GPP has included bitmap as well as SVG Tiny and Basic formats in its recent MMS standards. It should be noted, however, that Mobile SVG is able to support embedded JPEG and PNG images. Page 4 Mobile SVG Why Mobile SVG over Mobile SVG isn’t the only vector graphic image format developed over the years, and wasn’t other vector graphics the only one the 3GPP considered. As with its advantages over bitmaps, however, Mobile standards? SVG offers many benefits compared to other vector graphics formats. • Mobile SVG is the only truly open, vendor-neutral 2D vector graphic format. It was creat- ed and is maintained by the W3C, which is the same open consortium that defines HTML and XML standards, and it features no proprietary or patented technology. This means there are no license fees, and vendors can create and share content seamlessly. • Unlike other vector formats like PICT for the Mac OS or WMF for Windows, Mobile SVG is platform-independent. • SVG is an XML language, so it benefits from the large toolset and knowledge base already in place around XML. This also enables easy integration into XML-based applications. • SVG is powerful and versatile by design. Members of the W3C working group that created the format include Macromedia, Adobe and AutoDesk – all of whom had a compelling interest to ensure much of the functionality that is supported in their own formats was included in Mobile SVG. As a result, Mobile SVG is suitable for a wide variety of applica- tions, including CAD, GIS and entertainment. • Mobile SVG is designed specifically for use on space-, power- and bandwidth-constrained mobile devices. Most other vector graphic formats are too large or complex to do so. SVG is gaining in popularity for the same reasons the 3GPP selected it, and major content providers are considering or committing to migrate their graphical content to SVG as their standard internal storage and working format.
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