WHO Programme for Prevention of Deafness and Hearing Loss: an Outline
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Hearing Loss 2012
Everyone Goes Home “SAFE”! Hearing Loss 2012 Our hearing conservation program is designed to provide protection against damage from noise by measuring noise levels, requiring hearing test and requiring hearing protection. All company employees included in the hearing conservation plan have an initial or baseline, then annual test are done to see if there is any change so actions can be taken if needed. In order for a hearing conservation program to work employees need to be active participants by wearing the appropriate hearing protection and to do their part maintaining equipment to reduce noise levels. As you reach the end of the year annual audiograms should take place in a timely manner in following your company’s protocol. Noise Exposure Noise is all around us at both at work and at play, if above certain levels it can cause damage that may affect your ability to hear some kinds or levels of sounds. Hearing loss caused by noise is a serious risk and a permanent one. Both the level of noise and the length of time you listen to the noise can put you at risk for noise-induced hearing loss. Noise levels are measured in decibels, or dB for short. The higher the decibel level, the louder the noise. Sounds that are louder than 85 dB can cause permanent hearing loss. The hearing system can be injured not only by a loud blast or explosion but also by prolonged exposure to high noise levels. Hearing Protection Hearing protectors MUST reduce the noise coming into the ears to at least 90dBA and employees and contractors are required to use hearing protection in all operating units, all posted high noise areas and when working in the vicinity of power tools or other high noise equipment. -
Hearing Screening Training Manual REVISED 12/2018
Hearing Screening Training Manual REVISED 12/2018 Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) Community and Family Health Division Maternal and Child Health Section 1 2 For more information, contact Minnesota Department of Health Maternal Child Health Section 85 E 7th Place St. Paul, MN 55164-0882 651-201-3760 [email protected] www.health.state.mn.us Upon request, this material will be made available in an alternative format such as large print, Braille or audio recording. 3 Revisions made to this manual are based on: Guidelines for Hearing Screening After the Newborn Period to Kindergarten Age http://www.improveehdi.org/mn/library/files/afternewbornperiodguidelines.pdf American Academy of Audiology, Childhood Screening Guidelines http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/hearingloss/documents/AAA_Childhood%20Hearing%2 0Guidelines_2011.pdf American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Hearing Assessment in Children: Recommendations Beyond Neonatal Screening http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/124/4/1252 4 Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................... 7 Audience ..................................................................................................................... 7 Purpose ....................................................................................................................... 7 Overview of hearing and hearing loss ............................................................................ 9 Sound, hearing, and hearing -
Vestibular Neuritis, Labyrinthitis, and a Few Comments Regarding Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss Marcello Cherchi
Vestibular neuritis, labyrinthitis, and a few comments regarding sudden sensorineural hearing loss Marcello Cherchi §1: What are these diseases, how are they related, and what is their cause? §1.1: What is vestibular neuritis? Vestibular neuritis, also called vestibular neuronitis, was originally described by Margaret Ruth Dix and Charles Skinner Hallpike in 1952 (Dix and Hallpike 1952). It is currently suspected to be an inflammatory-mediated insult (damage) to the balance-related nerve (vestibular nerve) between the ear and the brain that manifests with abrupt-onset, severe dizziness that lasts days to weeks, and occasionally recurs. Although vestibular neuritis is usually regarded as a process affecting the vestibular nerve itself, damage restricted to the vestibule (balance components of the inner ear) would manifest clinically in a similar way, and might be termed “vestibulitis,” although that term is seldom applied (Izraeli, Rachmel et al. 1989). Thus, distinguishing between “vestibular neuritis” (inflammation of the vestibular nerve) and “vestibulitis” (inflammation of the balance-related components of the inner ear) would be difficult. §1.2: What is labyrinthitis? Labyrinthitis is currently suspected to be due to an inflammatory-mediated insult (damage) to both the “hearing component” (the cochlea) and the “balance component” (the semicircular canals and otolith organs) of the inner ear (labyrinth) itself. Labyrinthitis is sometimes also termed “vertigo with sudden hearing loss” (Pogson, Taylor et al. 2016, Kim, Choi et al. 2018) – and we will discuss sudden hearing loss further in a moment. Labyrinthitis usually manifests with severe dizziness (similar to vestibular neuritis) accompanied by ear symptoms on one side (typically hearing loss and tinnitus). -
Sudden Bilateral Simultaneous Deafness with Vertigo As a Sole Manifestation of Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency H Lee, H a Yi, R W Baloh
539 J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry: first published as 10.1136/jnnp.74.4.539 on 1 April 2003. Downloaded from SHORT REPORT Sudden bilateral simultaneous deafness with vertigo as a sole manifestation of vertebrobasilar insufficiency H Lee, H A Yi, R W Baloh ............................................................................................................................. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003;74:539–541 CASE REPORT A 68 year old woman presented with bilateral sudden A 68 year old woman with long standing non-insulin depend- simultaneous hearing loss and transient spontaneous ent diabetes mellitus and hypertension suddenly developed vertigo as a sole manifestation of vertebrobasilar vertigo, vomiting, and bilateral tinnitus. Five minutes later, insufficiency. Extensive investigation to exclude other she noticed bilateral hearing loss. She had difficulty hearing causes was unremarkable. Magnetic resonance imaging her husband speak. She did not have dysarthria, numbness, of the brain, including diffusion images, showed no abnor- weakness, visual distortion, or incoordination. The hearing malities. A magnetic resonance angiogram showed severe loss persisted, but vertigo resolved over a few hours. Two days stenosis of the middle third of the basilar artery. A pure previously, she had had two episodes of transient vertigo and tone audiogram showed moderate sensorineural-type hearing loss involving the left ear that lasted no more than a hearing loss bilaterally. The localisation and mechanism of few minutes without any accompanying neurological symp- an isolated cochleovestibular dysfunction are discussed. toms. The patient had no previous history of hearing difficulty. There was no prior history of temporal bone fracture, menin- gitis, autoimmune disease, or exposure to ototoxic drugs. On admission, she had persistent bilateral hearing loss and ertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) can cause sudden non-specific dizziness with lightheadedness. -
Central Auditory Function Evaluation to Diagnose Central Auditory Processing Disorder Product Applicability
bmchp.org | 888-566-0008 wellsense.org | 877-957-1300 Medical Policy Central Auditory Function Evaluation to Diagnose Central Auditory Processing Disorder Policy Number: OCA 3.82 Version Number: 17 Version Effective Date: 01/01/21 + Product Applicability All Plan Products Well Sense Health Plan ∆ Boston Medical Center HealthNet Plan ∆ Well Sense Health Plan MassHealth ACO MassHealth MCO Qualified Health Plans/ConnectorCare/Employer Choice Direct Senior Care Options Notes: + Disclaimer and audit information is located at the end of this document. ∆ As required by state regulations and/or benefit coverage, different Plan definitions are specified for BMC HealthNet Plan products and Well Sense Health Plan products. See the applicable Definitions section for the Plan member. Policy Summary The evaluation of central auditory functioning to diagnose central auditory processing disorder (CAPD) is considered medically necessary for an adult or pediatric member when applicable Plan criteria are met. The evaluation is medically necessary when it is not part of a member’s individualized education plan (IEP) when one is appropriate for the member, it is a covered benefit for the member, and the Plan’s medical criteria are met (as specified in the Medical Policy Statement section of this Plan policy). Prior authorization is required for Plan covered services. See the member’s applicable benefit document available at www.bmchp.org for a member enrolled in a BMC HealthNet Plan product or Central Auditory Function Evaluation to Diagnose Central Auditory Processing Disorder + Plan refers to Boston Medical Center Health Plan, Inc. and its affiliates and subsidiaries offering health coverage plans to enrolled members. -
Clinical Policy: Central Auditory Processing Disorder Reference Number: HNCA.CP.MP.375 Effective Date: 10/07 Coding Implications Last Review Date: 3/21 Revision Log
Clinical Policy: Central Auditory Processing Disorder Reference Number: HNCA.CP.MP.375 Effective Date: 10/07 Coding Implications Last Review Date: 3/21 Revision Log See Important Reminder at the end of this policy for important regulatory and legal information. Description Central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), also known as auditory processing disorder (APD), refers to the efficiency and effectiveness by which the central nervous system (CNS) utilizes auditory information in the perceptual processing of auditory information. The diagnosis, management, and even the existence of an auditory-specific perceptual deficit are controversial. Policy/Criteria I. It is the policy of Health Net of California that diagnostic testing and therapy for the management of central auditory processing disorder are considered investigational due to lack of scientific evidence to support the validity of any diagnostic tests and treatment. Background According to the American Speech-Language Hearing Association (ASHA), central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), also known as auditory processing disorder (APD), refers to difficulties in the perceptual processing of auditory information in the CNS as demonstrated by poor performance in one or more of the skills noted above. CAPD It is a complex and heterogeneous group of auditory-specific disorders usually associated with a range of listening and learning deficits. Children or adults suspected of CAPD may exhibit a variety of listening and related complaints such as difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments, following directions, and discriminating (or telling the difference between) similar-sounding speech sounds. The child may have difficulty with spelling, reading, and understanding information presented verbally in a classroom. Some individuals may also have behavioral, emotional or social difficulties. -
Headphone-Safety.Pdf
Under the Influence of Technology You can’t go anywhere these days without seeing children and adults wearing headphones or earbuds connected to some form of electronic device. People wear headphones or earbuds while exercising, sitting at their work or school desks, walking on the sidewalk or street, and in their homes to hear music, podcasts, audiobooks or the telephone. Headphones are used in school settings, outdoors for people walking along the sidewalk, playing videogames, and even while sleeping to block out noise. The popularity of headphones has given rise to at least 15 types of headphone choices such as earbuds, in ear headphones, over the ear headphones, noise canceling headphones, and wireless headphones. Headphones and earbuds provide good to great sound quality to the listener and they prevent the sounds of the music, podcasts, audiobooks, voice on the telephone or videogames from bothering other people in the area. However, if the headphones or earbuds are turned up too loudly, they can damage hearing permanently and cause annoying ringing in the ears (tinnitus). Worse yet, worn in the wrong situation, they can endanger your safety, your life, and the lives of those around you. By now, we all have been informed of the dangers of texting on a cell phone while driving since driving while visually distracted can and does cause car accidents and deaths. Driving while distracted by earphones is just as dangerous because it can prevent you from hearing other important sounds around you. Some drivers use earbuds/headphones to listen to music while driving. Others use them as Bluetooth devices to talk on the phone while operating a vehicle, as it allows their concentration to remain on the roadway if they do not have to look at their cellphones. -
The Pandemic Could Affect Your Hearing
October 19, 2020 Did the Pandemic Affect Your Hearing? Updated August 2021 With many of us working — and learning — from home, we spend more time than ever with headphones or earbuds plugged into our ears. As laptops, smartphones, and tablets have become a more significant part of our world, a number of conveniences have arisen. Making plans, getting directions, buying things, and communicating with one another is easier than ever. Of course, several health concerns have come along with this technological shift, and an important one of note is the increased risk of hearing loss and hearing dysfunction. Since iPods, and then smartphones and tablets, increased, the practice of plugging these devices into our ears for hours on end has become a routine. During the pandemic, we, and our children, are on our computers using headphones or earbuds throughout the day. “If used improperly, these devices can certainly pose a risk of hearing loss, as well as tinnitus,” saysTricia Scaglione, Au.D., director of the tinnitus program at the University of Miami Health System. “I’ve seen research on children that have hearing loss comparable to 50-year-olds because of overuse or misuse of their personal listening devices.” Complaints of tinnitus (hearing persistent ringing or buzzing sounds) are also on the rise. “It’s unreal what is happening. This week alone, I’ve seen maybe three new cases of tinnitus,” says Ramzi Younis, M.D., a pediatric ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist with UHealth. “These patients are mainly in their teens and 20s.” Dr. Younis attributes the uptick of tinnitus in younger people to their increased exposure https://news.umiamihealth.org/en/headphones-or-earbuds-protect-your-hearing/ 1 / 5 October 19, 2020 to loud noises like music and video games played through headphones for hours at a time. -
DISORDERS of AUDITORY PROCESSING: EVIDENCE for MODULARITY in AUDITION Michael R
DISORDERS OF AUDITORY PROCESSING: EVIDENCE FOR MODULARITY IN AUDITION Michael R. Polster and Sally B. Rose (Psychology Department, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand) ABSTRACT This article examines four disorders of auditory processing that can result from selective brain damage (cortical deafness, pure word deafness, auditory agnosia and phonagnosia) in an effort to derive a plausible functional and neuroanatomical model of audition. The article begins by identifying three possible reasons why models of auditory processing have been slower to emerge than models of visual processing: neuroanatomical differences between the visual and auditory systems, terminological confusions relating to auditory processing disorders, and technical factors that have made auditory stimuli more difficult to study than visual stimuli. The four auditory disorders are then reviewed and current theories of auditory processing considered. Taken together, these disorders suggest a modular architecture analogous to models of visual processing that have been derived from studying neurological patients. Ideas for future research to test modular theory more fully are presented. Key words: auditory processing, modularity, review INTRODUCTION Neuropsychological investigations of patients suffering from brain damage have flourished in recent years and helped to produce more detailed and neuroanatomically plausible models of several aspects of cognitive function. For example, models of language processing are often closely aligned with studies of aphasia (e.g., Caplan, 1987; Goodglass, 1993) and models of memory draw heavily upon studies of amnesia (e.g., Schacter and Tulving, 1994; Squire, 1987). Most of this research has relied on visually presented materials, and as a result visual processing disorders tend to be more well-documented and better understood than their auditory counterparts. -
Hearing Screening Result: Did Not Pass
HEARING SCREENING RESULT: DID NOT PASS • The re-screening test is the only way to confirm if a baby has a potential hearing loss. • The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends hearing screens for all newborns. How Will My Baby’s Hearing Be Screened? Similar to the first hearing screen your baby had in the hospital or birthing center, the re-screening test is quick, painless, and most likely done while your baby is asleep. Soft sounds are played through earphones, and either: • microphones measure the echoes made by the ear called Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE) or • electrodes placed on the baby’s head measure the brain’s response using Automated Auditory Brainstem Response (AABR). What Does a “Did Not Pass” or “Referral” Result Mean? A “Did Not Pass” or “Referral” result means your baby needs You will receive the results of the screening before you leave the another hearing screen. This result does not mean your baby has hospital or doctor’s office. a hearing loss. Some things that may cause a baby not to pass What Can You Do to Prepare for Your Baby’s Hearing the first time are birth fluid in the ear, an ear infection, or a baby Re-Screening? who is crying or active during the hearing test. It is helpful if your baby is sleeping during the screening test. Here are some suggestions to help prepare your baby for the Why Is It Important to Re-Screen My Baby for Hearing? hearing re-screening: • Hearing loss and deafness are the most prevalent of all conditions screened for at birth. -
NHCA POSITION STATEMENT Recreational Music Exposure January 12, 2018
NHCA POSITION STATEMENT Recreational Music Exposure January 12, 2018 Brian Fligor, Colleen G. Le Prell, Frank Wartinger, Cory Portnuff, Elliott Berger, and Michael Santucci National Hearing Conservation Association (NHCA) Task Force on Prevention of Music-Induced Hearing Disorders This document was prepared by The National Hearing Conservation Association (NHCA) Task Force on Prevention of Music-Induced Hearing Disorders and approved by the NHCA Executive Council, January 12, 2018. The judgments expressed here represent the best available evidence at the time of publication and shall be considered the position of NHCA and not the individual opinions of the contributing authors or their respective institutions. The contributing authors declare no conflict of interest. Summary There is widespread concern regarding risk to hearing health due to the increasingly common worldwide use of personal audio systems (PAS) (e.g., iPods, tablets, smartphones) and other recreational music listening behaviors. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 1.1 billion young people worldwide may be at risk for hearing loss due to unsafe listening habits. On October 2, 2015, the WHO invited stakeholders, including PAS manufacturers, earphone manufacturers, hearing experts, and others to Geneva, Switzerland, to develop standards for the WHO’s “Make Listening Safe Initiative”; this meeting was followed by a strategic planning meeting on March 6-7, 2017 (see http://www.who.int/pbd/deafness/mls_consultation/en/). This NHCA position statement briefly reviews the literature and summarizes NHCA’s recommendations for safe listening in recreational music environments to prevent music- induced hearing disorders (MIHDs). Specific recreational music environments are reviewed, along with suggestions for preventing MIHDs in each setting. -
NCD Watch February 2016
Non-Communicable Diseases Watch February 2016 Keep Your Ears Safe Key Messages ※ Hearing is a precious faculty. Once hearing is damaged, very often it cannot be restored. At any age, hearing impairment can have impact on interpersonal communication, psychological wellbeing and quality of life. ※ Globally, the estimated numbers of people with disabling hearing impairment in 2011 was 360 million, including 32 million children younger than 15 years old. In Hong Kong, an estimated 155 200 people (or 2.2% of total population) had hearing difficulty in 2013. ※ In general, prolonged exposure to noise levels at or above 85 dB can cause gradual hearing impairment. More importantly, effect of noise on hearing can accumulate over time. ※ Many causes of hearing impairment can be prevented. For noise-induced hearing impairment, it is preventable by obliging to safe listening practices. A rule of thumb is to avoid noises that are too loud, too close, or last too long. ※ Consult a family doctor if signs of hearing impairment emerge, such as difficulty in hearing high-pitched sounds (such as doorbells and telephones), difficulty in understanding speech, following conversations or ringing in the ear. This publication is produced by the Surveillance and Epidemiology Branch, Centre for Health Protection of the Department of Health 18/F Wu Chung House, 213 Queen’s Road East, Wan Chai, Hong Kong http://www.chp.gov.hk All rights reserved Non-Communicable Diseases Watch February 2016 Keep Your Ears Safe Hearing is a precious faculty.1 According to the at or acquired soon after birth, including congenital World Health Organization (WHO)’s definition, or hereditary hearing defect, infections during a person who is not able to hear as well as some- pregnancy (such as maternal rubella and syphilis), one with normal hearing, i.e.