Evaluation of the European Heritage Label Action Final Report
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Evaluation of the European Heritage Label Action Final Report Written by PPMI and EDUCULT January 2019 EUROPEAN COMMISSION Directorate-General for Education, Youth, Sport and Culture Directorate D – Culture and Creativity Unit D2 – Creative Europe programme Contact: Unit D2 E-mail: [email protected] European Commission B-1049 Brussels EUROPEAN COMMISSION Evaluation of the European Heritage Label Action Final Report Directorate-General for Education, Youth, Sport and Culture Culture and Creativity 2019 EN Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union. Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) The information given is free, as are most calls (though some operators, phone boxes or hotels may charge you). LEGAL NOTICE This document has been prepared for the European Commission; however, it reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://www.europa.eu). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2019 ISBN 978-92-76-03929-7 doi: 10.2766/452607 NC-03-19-359-EN-N © European Union, 2019 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Evaluation of the European Heritage Label TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 1 1. THE EUROPEAN HERITAGE LABEL ACTION ................................................................ 1 1.1. Origin of the European Heritage Label ............................................................. 1 1.2. Content and management of the European Heritage Label ................................. 2 2. EVALUATION QUESTIONS ....................................................................................... 6 3. EVALUATION FRAMEWORK ..................................................................................... 6 3.1. Data collection and analysis methods .............................................................. 6 3.1.1. Data collection methods ....................................................................... 7 3.1.2. Data analysis methods ......................................................................... 9 3.1.3. Weaknesses of the methods used, and how they were addressed .............. 9 3.2. Good governance model for cultural heritage .................................................. 10 4. EVALUATION RESULTS .......................................................................................... 11 4.1. Relevance .................................................................................................. 11 4.1.1. The EHL objectives and current needs in the EU ................................. 11 4.1.2. The geographical scope ................................................................... 18 4.1.3. The objectives of sites applying to the EHL ........................................ 21 4.2. Coherence .................................................................................................. 24 4.2.1. Coherence of the EHL with other EU and international initiatives .......... 24 4.3. Efficiency and governance ............................................................................ 34 4.3.1. Selection arrangements and their contribution to the achievement of outputs, results and impacts ............................................................ 34 4.3.2. The efficiency of processes involved in running the action.................... 43 4.3.3. Potential improvements ................................................................... 62 4.4. Effectiveness .............................................................................................. 62 4.4.1. The sites’ activities ......................................................................... 63 4.4.2. The action’s site-specific objectives .................................................. 67 4.4.3. The action’s general and intermediate objectives ................................ 81 4.4.4. Sustainability of the positive effects .................................................. 89 4.4.5. Unintended consequences ............................................................... 91 4.5. EU added value ........................................................................................... 93 4.5.1. Added value in substance and organisation ........................................ 93 4.5.2. Consequences of a hypothetical discontinuation ................................. 99 5. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................. 101 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................. 110 LIST OF ANNEXES ...................................................................................................... 115 i Evaluation of the European Heritage Label LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. The European Heritage Label logo before 2011 ........................................ 2 Figure 2. The intervention logic of the EHL action .................................................. 2 Figure 3. The European Heritage Label logo after 2011 ........................................... 4 Figure 4. Operational structure of the EHL action ................................................... 5 Figure 5. The good governance model for cultural heritage ....................................10 Figure 6. EHL contributes to the objectives of strengthening intercultural dialogue and European citizens’ sense of belonging to the Union .........................................13 Figure 7. Member States' involvement in the application process ............................19 Figure 8. Distribution of labelled sites per participating states ................................20 Figure 9. Objectives of sites mentioned in the application forms .............................22 Figure 10. Number of labelled sites that are part of other programmes/initiatives .....31 Figure 11. OPC respondents' opinions regarding overlaps between the EHL and other initiatives ..................................................................................................33 Figure 12. Types of sites awarded the EHL during the period 2013-2017 .................35 Figure 13. The ways in which sites labelled in the period 2013-2017 demonstrate their European significance .................................................................................38 Figure 14. Historical periods covered by EHL sites .................................................38 Figure 15. Historical periods covered by all candidate sites (2013-2017) .................38 Figure 16. EHL sites 2013-2017, and the European values they represent ...............39 Figure 17. The relationship between “European significance” and EHL objectives ......40 Figure 18. Scheme for selecting the sites .............................................................44 Figure 19. Participation of Member States in the action based on the types of pre- selection applied (2013-2017) .....................................................................45 Figure 20. Actual and potential selection of sites (2013-2017) ................................45 Figure 21. Opinions of OPC respondents on the selection criteria ............................47 Figure 22. Compliance of non-selected sites with the selection criteria in the period 2013-2017 ................................................................................................48 Figure 23. Opinions of OPC respondents on the EU-level selection procedures (N=24) ...............................................................................................................49 Figure 24. Steps involved in the 2016 monitoring process ......................................53 Figure 25. OPC respondents’ opinions on the EU monitoring procedures (N=24) .......53 Figure 26. Respondent familiarity with the EHL among stakeholders involved and not involved in the action (%) ...........................................................................58 Figure 27. Participants in the annual national coordinator meetings ........................59 Figure 28. Number of times national coordinators from each participating Member State took part in EHL annual meetings organised between 2014 and 2018 ...............60 Figure 29. Sufficient frequency of communication with the Commission within the action ...............................................................................................................60 Figure 30. Perception of the sites regarding the sufficiency of communication with national coordinators ..................................................................................61 Figure 31. Intensity of communication between national coordinators and sites, as perceived by the national coordinators .........................................................61 Figure 32. Communication among sites ...............................................................61 Figure 33. Mechanisms of influence of the EHL .....................................................62 Figure 34. Number of sites implementing activities of different types ......................63 Figure 35. Range of activities implemented by the sites .........................................64 Figure 36. Benefits of EHL designation reported by the sites ..................................66 Figure 37. Sites involved in the organisation of collaboration/exchange