201209-EE-Tech-RM-Portfolio
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A US Strategy for Sustainable Energy Security
A US Strategy for Sustainable Energy Security David Koranyi Foreword by Chuck Hagel A US Strategy for Sustainable Energy Security Atlantic Council Strategy Paper No. 2 © 2016 The Atlantic Council of the United States. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the Atlantic Council, except in the case of brief quotations in news articles, critical articles, or reviews. Please direct inquiries to: Atlantic Council 1030 15th Street, NW, 12th Floor Washington, DC 20005 ISBN: 978-1-61977-953-2 Cover art credit: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. The Mill of Montmartre by Georges Michel, ca. 1820. This report is written and published in accordance with the Atlantic Council Policy on Intellectual Independence. The authors are solely responsible for its analysis and recommendations. The Atlantic Council, its partners, and funders do not determine, nor do they necessarily endorse or advocate for, any of this report’s particular conclusions. March 2016 Atlantic Council Strategy Papers Editorial Board Executive Editors Mr. Frederick Kempe Dr. Alexander V. Mirtchev Editor-in-Chief Mr. Barry Pavel Managing Editor Dr. Daniel Chiu Table of Contents Foreword ......................................................................i Executive Summary ...................................................iii Introduction .................................................................1 The Need for a US Sustainable Energy Strategy .................. 2 Ten Key Trends Affecting US Energy Security ...................... 3 A US Strategy for Sustainable Energy Security........ 17 Pillar 1. Accelerate the Energy Sector Transition and Solidify the American Innovative Advantage ..................... 22 Pillar 2. Lead on Global Climate Action and Sustain Robust Energy Diplomacy Capabilities ................. 26 Pillar 3. Promote a Liberalized and Rules-based Global Energy Trade System and Build a Functioning Global Energy and Climate Governance Network ............. -
High Voltage Direct Current: Pathway to a Sustainable Energy Future with the Plains & Eastern Clean Line
High Voltage Direct Current: Pathway to a Sustainable Energy Future with the Plains & Eastern Clean Line October 2016 Wayne Galli, Ph.D., P.E. Executive Vice President Clean Line’s projects connect the lowest-cost wind resources to major demand centers Clean Line projects at 80m 2 Plains & Eastern will connect the robust wind of the Oklahoma Panhandle to the Mid-South and Southeast The Arkansas converter station interconnects with the Entergy 500 kV system at ANO/Pleasant Hill where the Project will deliver 500 MW. Enough to power 160,000 Arkansan homes The Tennessee converter station interconnects with the TVA 500 kV system at Shelby Substation in western Tennessee where the Project will deliver 3,500 MW. Or over 850,000 additional homes 3 The final major regulatory approval was received in March 2016 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT PROCESS In the Record of Decision issued March 2016, DOE . Outlined its participation in the project . Selected the route for the project in Arkansas and Oklahoma . Confirmed the inclusion of the Arkansas converter station With DOE approval, Clean Line enters the final stages of development: finalizing design and cost estimation, acquiring contiguous rights-of-way for construction, completing interconnection processes and negotiating and executing customer contracts. 4 War of the Currents (late 1880s) Recommended Reading: Empires of Light by Jill Jonnes . Thomas Edison (1847-1931) . Advocate of direct current (DC) power system . Founder of General Electric . George Westinghouse(1846-1914) . Nikola Tesla (1856-1943) . Advocate of alternating current (AC) power system . Founder of Westinghouse Electric Corporation . Licensed polyphase machines from Tesla 5 Pearl Street Station: 255-257 Pearl Street, Manhattan • First central power plant in U.S. -
Contribution of Renewables to Energy Security
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE CONTRIBUTION OF RENEWABLES TO ENERGY SECURITY IEA INFORMATION PAPER S AMANTHA ÖLZ, R ALPH SIMS AND N ICOLAI KIRCHNER I NTERNATIONAL E NERGY A GENCY © OECD/IEA, April 2007 Table of contents Acknowledgements............................................................................................................... 3 Foreword .............................................................................................................................. 5 Executive Summary.............................................................................................................. 7 1. Risks to energy security ............................................................................................... 13 1.1 Risks for developing countries............................................................................. 15 1.2 Policy responses to energy security risks ............................................................ 15 1.3 Energy security implications of renewable energy technologies........................... 16 2. Current energy use by market segment........................................................................ 19 2.1. Electricity production ........................................................................................... 19 2.2. Heat .................................................................................................................... 21 2.3. Transport............................................................................................................ -
Simple and Cheap Transverter for 10 Ghz
Simple and Cheap Transverter for 10 GHz Paul Wade, W1GHZ ©2016 [email protected] I have been working on cheap and simple microwave transverters for the past 10 years, covering all bands through 5.7 GHz. Although 10 GHz is one of the most popular microwave bands, there are still technical challenges to overcome. It has taken several attempts and some lessons learned to develop a 10 GHz transverter that I believe to be reproducible and affordable – the cost should be under $100. There are at least two good commercial transverters available, but the expense may be a barrier to those who aren’t sure they are ready for 10 GHz. The other alternative, surplus, is less available than it was when many of us got started. Design Figure 1 – Circuit side of 10 GHz Transverter The 10 GHz transverter, shown in Figure 1, looks a lot like the 5760 MHz transverter 1 – three MMIC stages for transmit and three for receive, with pipe-cap filters between stages. The differences are that everything is smaller. The pipe-caps are ½ inch rather than ¾ inch and the quarter-wave bias stubs are shorter. Most important, the PC board is thinner, 1/32 inch rather than 1/16 inch. One thing I learned while developing this transverter is that ordinary 1/16 inch PC boards radiate badly at frequencies above about 7 GHz – more about this later. The design philosophy is the same as the lower frequency Cheap and Simple Transverters 2: Gain is Cheap , provided by inexpensive MMICs. We use the cheap gain to overcome losses of the other components – ordinary chip capacitors and resistors, rather than expensive microwave parts. -
Energy Conservation
2016 Centre County Planning Opportunities Energy Conservation Centre County Comprehensive Plan — Phase II Implementation Strategies Introduction County-wide In 2003, the Centre County Board of Commissioners Planning adopted a County-wide Comprehensive Plan which included Goals background studies, inventories of existing conditions, goals and recommendations. These recommendations, revised Adopted 2003 and updated, continue to serve as a vision and a general direction for policy and community improvement. Those specific to energy conservation will be discussed here along with implementation strategies to achieve the recom- #1 — Identify, pre- mendations. For more detailed background information serve, enhance and monitor agricultural please refer to the 2003 Comprehensive Plan available on resources. the Centre County Planning and Community Development webpage: #2 — Identify, pre- serve, and monitor http://centrecountypa.gov/index.aspx?nid=212. environmental and Centre County seeks to balance growth, protection of natural resources. resources, investment in compatible new building Small wind turbines like erected #3 — Preserve his- development, and incentives for sustainable development. at the DEP Moshannon Office, toric and cultural Much of this effort includes stewardship, community can help offset electricity costs resources. outreach and expert professional service. to the property. #4 — Ensure decent, safe, sanitary and affordable housing in suitable living surroundings, com- patible with the en- vironment for all The Keystone Principles individuals. In 2005, Pennsylvania adopt- Redevelop first #5 — Appropriately ed the “Keystone Principles Provide efficient infrastructure locate and maintain for Growth, Investment and existing and pro- Resource Conservation”, a Concentrate development posed community set of principles that have Increase job opportunities facilities, utilities, focused Pennsylvania on and services for all Foster sustainable businesses reinvestment and reuse of its residents. -
Energy Security and the Energy Transition: a Classic Framework for a New Challenge
REPORT 11.25.19 Energy Security and the Energy Transition: A Classic Framework for a New Challenge Mark Finley, Fellow in Energy and Global Oil their political leaders during the oil shocks of SUMMARY the 1970s. While these considerations have Policymakers in the US and around the world historically been motivated by consumers are grappling with how to understand the worried about access to uninterrupted security implications of an energy system supplies of oil, producing countries can in transition—and if they aren’t, they equally raise concerns about shocks to— should be. Recent attacks on Saudi facilities and the security of—demand. show that oil supply remains vulnerable In addition to geopolitical risk, the to disruption. New energy forms can help reliability of energy supplies has recently reduce vulnerability to oil supply outages, been threatened by factors ranging from but they also have the potential to introduce weather events (the frequency and intensity new vulnerabilities and risks. The US and its of which are exacerbated by climate allies have spent the past 50 years building a change) to terrorist activities, industrial robust domestic and international response accidents, and cyberattacks. The recent system to mitigate risks to oil supplies, but attack on Saudi oil facilities and resulting disruption of oil supplies,1 hurricanes on similar arrangements for other energy forms Policymakers are remain limited. This paper offers a framework the Gulf Coast (which disrupted oil and gas for assessing energy security based on an production and distribution, as well as the grappling with the evaluation of vulnerability, risk, and offsets; electrical grid), and high winds in California security implications this approach has been a useful tool for that caused widespread power outages of an energy system in assessing oil security for the past 50 years, have brought energy security once again transition—and if they into the global headlines. -
The Isle of Eigg
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Modelling, Optimisation and the Lessons Learned of a Renewable Based Electrical Network – The Isle of Eigg Author: Lewis Breen Supervisor: Dr Paul Tuohy A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the requirement of the degree Master of Science Sustainable Engineering: Renewable Energy Systems and the Environment 2015 Copyright Declaration This thesis is the result of the author’s original research. It has been composed by the author and has not been previously submitted for examination which has led to the award of a degree. The copyright of this thesis belongs to the author under the terms of the United Kingdom Copyright Acts as qualified by University of Strathclyde Regulation 3.50. Due acknowledgement must always be made of the use of any material contained in, or derived from, this thesis. Signed: Lewis Breen Date: 23/07/15 Abstract The landscape of electrical supply is changing. There is a pressing need for humanity to wean itself off its reliance on finite fossil fuel resources and switch to sustainable forms of energy capture. This has led to a rapid expansion of the renewable energy sector over recent decades; in the form of both large scale renewable “farms” and smaller distributed generation. Distributed generation is of a much smaller power rating and is sourced much closer to loads – which is against the conventional model of the Megawatt rated power plant located significant distances away from its point of demand. This report looks into the renewable-based microgrid on the Isle of Eigg – a small non- grid-connected island on the West coast of Scotland. -
Energy Security Assessment Framework to Support Energy Policy Decisions
Energy security assessment framework to support energy policy decisions Juozas Augutis, Ričardas Krikštolaitis, Linas Martišauskas Lithuanian Energy Institute, Kaunas, Lithuania Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania EU Conference on modelling for policy support Brussels (Belgium), 26-27 November 2019 Presentation outline • Energy security definition • Methodology framework • Results of Lithuanian energy system 2 Energy security definition Energy Security Energy system Energy supply Energy price resilience to reliability acceptability disruptions Energy security* – the ability of the energy system: • to uninterruptedly supply energy to consumers under acceptable prices, • to resist potential disruptions arising due to technical, natural, economic, socio- political and geopolitical threats. *Vytautas Magnus University and Lithuanian Energy Institute, Energy Security Research Centre, 2013–2019 3 Methodology framework for the energy security analysis Threats • Identification and analysis of threats to energy security Disruptions • Formation of internal and external disruptions to energy system Energy system modelling • Model for energy system development implemented in OSeMOSYS tool • Energy system modelling with stochastic disruption scenarios or pathways Consequence analysis • Disruption consequences: energy cost increase and unsupplied energy Energy security metric Methodological approach • Energy security coefficient – quantitative level of energy security 4 Threats to energy security • A threat to energy security is defined as any potential danger that exists within or outside the energy system and that has a potential to result in some kind of disruption of that system. Category Threats • technical problems or accidents in the energy production, resource extractions and transportation, Technical energy transmission infrastructure and processing enterprises, • attacks on supply infrastructure. • extreme temperature, wind, rainfall and other extreme meteorological phenomena or natural Natural disasters. -
Adaptive Equipment and Energy Conservation Techniques During Performance of Activities of Daily Living
Adaptive Equipment and Energy Conservation Techniques During Performance of Activities of Daily Living Problem: A wide range of diagnosis can affect the performance of activities of daily living (ADLs). The performance of these activities; feeding, dressing, and bathing to name a few are an essential part of our daily lives. An individual’s ability to function in daily activities is often dependent on physical and cognitive health. The use of adaptive equipment and energy conservation techniques can make all the difference in making these important daily tasks possible and effect one’s perception and quality of their life. Adaptive Equipment Adaptive equipment is used to improve functional capabilities. Adaptations can assist someone in their home or out in the community, ranging from longer, thicker handles on brushes and silver wear for making them easier to grasp to a powered wheelchair. Below is a chart including various diagnosis and examples of adaptive equipment that could greatly benefit individuals experiencing similar circumstances. The equipment listed will promote functional independence as well as safety during performance of ADLs. Diagnosis Adaptive Rationale for Equipment Price Website/Resourc Equipment Range e Link to Purchase Equipment Joint Reacher This assistive device can help in $5.50 - https://www.healthpro Replacement accessing spaces that may be $330.00 ductsforyou.com/p- hard for the individual to reach featherlite- (THA/TKR) otherwise. Frequent sitting and reacher.html standing (bending more than 90 degrees) are not recommended for individuals with a recent joint replacement. This tool will allow the individual to grasp an object further away without movement of lower extremities. -
Improving Institutional Access to Financing Incentives for Energy
Improving Institutional Access to Financing Incentives for Energy Demand Reductions Masters Project: Final Report April 2016 Sponsor Agency: The Ecology Center (Ann Arbor, MI) Student Team: Brian La Shier, Junhong Liang, Chayatach Pasawongse, Gianna Petito, & Whitney Smith Faculty Advisors: Paul Mohai PhD. & Tony Reames PhD. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to thank our clients Alexis Blizman and Katy Adams from the Ecology Center. We greatly appreciate their initial efforts in conceptualizing and proposing the project idea, and providing feedback throughout the duration of the project. We would also like to thank our advisors Dr. Paul Mohai and Dr. Tony Reames for providing their expertise, guidance, and support. This Master's Project report submitted in partial fulfillment of the OPUS requirements for the degree of Master of Science, Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan. ABSTRACT We developed this project in response to a growing locallevel demand for information and guidance on accessing local, state, and federal energy financing programs. Knowledge regarding these programs is currently scattered across independent websites and agencies, making it difficult for a lay user to identify available options for funding energy efficiency efforts. We collaborated with The Ecology Center, an Ann Arbor nonprofit, to develop an informationbased tool that would provide tailored recommendations to small businesses and organizations in need of financing to meet their energy efficiency aspirations. The tool was developed for use by The Ecology Center along with an implementation plan to strengthen their outreach to local stakeholders and assist their efforts in reducing Michigan’s energy consumption. We researched and analyzed existing clean energy and energy efficiency policies and financing opportunities available from local, state, federal, and utility entities for institutions in the educational, medical, religious, and multifamily housing sectors. -
432 Mhz Transverter for an SDR Paul Wade W1GHZ ©2019 [email protected]
432 MHz Transverter for an SDR Paul Wade W1GHZ ©2019 [email protected] I've been thinking about a 432 MHz Transverter for some time, to use a Software-Defined Radio like the Flex-1500 with microwave transverters with 432 MHz IF. Recently, I built one of G4DDK's Anglian 2-meter transverters, and I liked the way he used off-the-shelf parts to make filters rather than helical filters, which can be hard to find. Since printed comb filters on PC board have worked well around 200 MHz in Local Oscillators for my simple microwave transverters, I thought the comb filters might be shrunk to 432 MHz and be small enough to fit in a transverter. Then, at the start of the January VHF Sweepstakes contest, I found my 432 MHz transceiver had crapped out again. I quickly swapped in my IC-706, which worked but may be the worst CW rig around – a signal jumps right out of the passband when switching modes. Finding a weak signal again can be difficult. An SDR would eliminate this problem. Time for a transverter to replace the transceiver. A transverter capable of operating contests needs more performance than a simple microwave transverter. Using a classical engineering approach, I reviewed the G4DDK Anglian 144 MHz transverter 1 for ideas to steal. Then I worked the comb filter design to a reasonable size and adjusted it to use 18pf chip capacitors, the value I use most in other transverters. I was able to fit three filters, one common after the mixer and one each in the transmit and receive paths, in a PC board size that allowed for reasonable prototype cost. -
The Radio Amateurs Microwave Communications Handbook.Pdf
1594 THE RADIO AMATEUR'S COM ' · CA 10 S HANDBOOK DAVE INGRAM, K4TWJ THE RADIO AMATEUR'S - MICROWAVE COMMUNICATIONS · HANDBOOK DAVE INGRAM, K4TWJ ITABI TAB BOOKS Inc. Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17214 Other TAB Books by the Author No. 1120 OSCAR: The Ham Radio Satellites No. 1258 Electronics Projects for Hams, SWLs, CSers & Radio Ex perimenters No. 1259 Secrets of Ham Radio DXing No. 1474 Video Electronics Technology FIRST EDITION FIRST PRINTING Copyright © 1985 by TAB BOOKS Inc. Printed in the United States of America Reproduction or publication of the content in any manner, without express permission of the publisher, is prohibited. No liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information herein. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Ingram, Dave. The radio amateur's microwave communications handbook. Includes index. 1. Microwave communication systems-Amateurs' manuals. I. Title. TK9957.154 1985 621.38'0413 85-22184 ISBN 0-8306-0194-5 ISBN 0-8306-0594-0 (pbk.) Contents Acknowledgments v Introduction vi 1 The Amateur 's Microwave Spectrum 1 The Early Days and Gear for Microwaves- The Microwave Spectrum- Microwavesand EME-Microwavesand the Am- ateur Satellite Program 2 Microwave Electronic Theory 17 Electronic Techniques for hf/vhf Ranges- Electronic Tech- niques for Microwaves-Klystron Operation-Magnetron Operation-Gunn Diode Theory 3 Popular Microwave Bands 29 Circuit and Antennas for the 13-cm Band-Designs for 13-cm Equipment 4 Communications Equipment for 1.2 GHz 42 23-cm Band Plan-Available Equipment- 23-cm OX 5