<<

www.IndianJournals.com Members Copy, Not for Commercial Sale

Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 be drying The 'Division RF 2Division Foods textile herbs, remove bread between ovens of or Introduction such 'Department 1940s. Radio foods 70% to heating frequencies as remove food blanching providing for of heat processing and Frequency (Mermelstein, spices, and are The of of applications efficient free food are particulate Radio an Post. baking, Agricultural of to distribution, furniture Frequency heated processing applications initial Agricultural well-established electrode dehydrate Harvest processing the vegetables), safe frequency in of of drying, (RF) and Pramod last attempts rapidly by removing Engineering, vegetables, Technology, 13.56 in food. industries and and 1997). transmitting preservation heating few ~d has the vegetables. ag penetration large in good thawing Food and and without Rail, A Heating the food been the percentages potato to (RF) IARI, IARI, moisture review Engineering, paper applications. 27.12 RF use quality is food post Chhaya and and ground. industry presented done of New heating New drying RF generation products its electromagnetic manufacturing. harvest RF processing frozen due MHz ABSTRACT of Preservation food Delhi energy Delhi in in use Rail, : post-baking IIT, the RF the to of comparison Application is include 26 are has depth, is - - foods, products. Kharagpur These in its insect S.K. water, major MHz 1I0 drying mainly lID (e.g. oflarge an were this used progressively distinct Agricultural 012 012 industry Jha emerging low French part RF control the paper. application which for for 2 - has used of and RF 721 energy to systems themlal drying of energy cooked industrial biscuits, advantages 10% been heating 302 Engineering has Amar the fries) to and comes in technology electromagnetic been boost efficiency grown through of successfully gradients consumption, Food aseptic have Singh3 processed of and and could cereals food . heating out recognized RF Today, drying like been sterilization, a in processing ingredients number very heating Processing the be other in in Vol. and uniform in recognized applied applications. , conventional the food capacity used slowly. 29 food RF industries and spectrum. material) since (1-2): in of to placed drying in pasta (e.g. heat 2005 RF the the (to to www.IndianJournals.com Members Copy, Not for Commercial Sale

Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 In products. the drying layer, There RF process heat field transferred moisture surfaces only microwave radiation In the 11. ill. Since (Piyasena iv. i. Radio conventional food dryer bulk microwave to eetdfrequencies selected patterns these be Contactless Increased them Uniform construct does leads well the moisture Simple allows making throughout are the Frequency in processing (processing defrosting applied provides content because A product. RF et inner from as three not waves to (MW) to rapidly (1-3 aI., relatively hot drying, penetrate as construction: improved it require content and moisture than heating, the power parts. 2003). difficult to opposed GHz), because frequencies or the they lie heating: an oven. The of Heating solid electromagnetic and ohmic equipment) growing cold the in energy-efficient removes product, The the have penetration: large is the variation preservation, larger microwave are once which moisture Both as leveling: spots, to more the electrodes to heating: efficiency radar The well permitted heat energy and Large application entry the the dried which the the objects. namely in incase heating are as range as fish. complex the food in these risk leveling RF found In and liquid surface employed « RF ones. source RF the improves to inner of for RF means RF and of surface and 0e 10 This ofRF exit methods. be ohmic mechanism waves applicator convection domestic, vretn food overheating of in 27 drying, The heating food in MW can non-uniform and to V) parts. behaves ports RF microwave helps contact for than the insufficient longer dries, product interfere for are (50/60 accordingly, materials. in are achieving The food (2m But there in the has MW. loss direct longer industrial considered systems dryer is as they avoiding with RF wavelength without food in wide the same quality. factor Hz), thermal is with heating. Hence, heating RF standing often heating drops the than uniform following to surfaces the processing ports as better and drying, communication radio are ionize food. for heating surface The desired ohmic , form a RF insulator significantly offers scientific generally part are food of of wave quality volumetric drying So heating (10-60MHz) while biological radio a there advantages common). food. of the heating, overheating, thermal RF moisture simple materials industry non-ionizing patterns heat whereas transferring applications frequencies heating throughout products. is for Energy simple allowing systems, uniform at uniform transfer heating barrier but . drying lower level. is over with in and can for the RF as to is a www.IndianJournals.com Members Copy, Not for Commercial Sale

Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 polarity electrodes. The improvement In RF molecules the relative water are et describes important The temperature, Knowledge technology the material voltage, Applications heat waves baking productivity agricultural and absorption and and difficult uniformity 1. al., Baking. RF waves. alternatively distance charge moisture widely generated real chemical factors 200 in heating, at dryer permittivity for dimensions changes the as part 1) interfaces its e concept The in causes The throughout from the the The is =e' and is products material of used an ability salt and the affecting contents. and e' gives one of uniquely conventional in imaginary power dielectric composition. incident material the RF post-baking -ie water content, charged electric RF improved the rapidly scaling-up applications is of the in heating to the RF the the e of and food Heating to the have decreases absorb, molecules the of to the the rapidly baker dielectric suited generator electromagnetic dielectric to dielectric fields moisture continuously the properties a positive part (at product product, be been product material (Nelson, quality dielectric oven ofRF of 27 attenuation heated Many a transmit COO to of passing heat biscuits greater to reported MHz, heat is properties removing to RF and content, depends treatnient constant creates lie heating which to the and is rub of up. 1992) forms studies to a heating expressed of properties negative dielectric reorient food and Le., the broad through reach. ability (Holland, against its wave 28 for of provide an the at is on dielectric a reflect that and 27 moisture power protocols materials the dielectric different MW the on alternating range the state It in can million them to influence by thus one is it wave loss as: dielectric power the frequency, control the of energy heating and 1974) characteristic at high penetrate of of another. provides to factor, the loss food food from benefits moisture frequency for is between conversion energy bakery face times/second), penetration frequency necessary surface reflection is large electric factor. from final (Ryynanen, processing materials products one properties which opposite the beneath The the like products. within scale (frozen, the moisture the of square ranges, (BuffIer, benefits of field friction up into determines the of electric electric electrodes, for depth, the processing where pole. to electromagnetic the are materials. most industry. causing free development, 1995; heat. of of between 40% material temperatures An content of surface the frequency, 1993). foods causes Reversing defined portion field. or it increased accepted RF Another increase Berbert applied is bound) energy which plant. polar post­ most This The The The two that of and and the of as a www.IndianJournals.com Members Copy, Not for Commercial Sale

Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 The 4. external 0.60% al., content. convection et oven, The in 3. desired 2. tolerance maintaining the than noticed the than products. particularly shelf surface, and and a and are industry volumetric RF the very with supplementary unit RF productivity, Thawing al. drying preferred drying combined 2003). Drying. shorter quality is cracking RF RF by compact in convective life. (1991). pasteurization best allowing at and dried process capillary in thawed A thawing and is and 14-17 More of is This the for process. smaller RF 40.68 its or of heating nature intrinsically during the of did The the to internal ones associated use the vacuum mechanisms unit. product Sausage RF pasteurization frozen MHz RF-assisted virtual heating temperature, recently, conventional process product temperature drying. not MHz action, dielectric times industry for treated limitation heat (Jones of Since falling time, show the and and drying RF drying was ± elimination foods. pump were products by migration RF 0.05%, self-leveling, was has with the bulk product water less and 3 that sterilization. moisture heating better of RF rate heating kW generates baking RF distribution also particularly found in of heating of reduces can can conventional The defrosting Rowley, requires changes (Chou moves minutes period, significantly moving system RF heat using in double reduce been compared of growing of allowed to of the or frequency, to rotation solids because checking, with transfer the have heat a fat and thaw through precision former 1997). found RF in has RF can wide compared sausage or for of the within 29 release. drying the more volumetrically Chua, is heating triple better heating been meat drying application the be solid frozen energy to improves and avoided. range they effective quality in due the the overcome 13.56 control thawing energy the moisture incorporated emulsions and the time conduction conventional and odor, 2001). require to retort-sterilized product methods for to food eggs, had of consumption drying fish. minimum semi-solid hours MHz attributes Warping, the pasteurization products to being over flavor of for a product. process RF reach fruits, removal. control by Cathcart less within good RF in capacity, cereal, was ± product in are dissipated heating effects, combining the directly in and 0.05%, time conventional color the drying to surface also appearance, of reported vegetables foods. the form the over (Mujumdar, to less be The product the et pastry to desired color food be avoided. and wet which with combined and carried al. come internal into 27.12 of drip in product In simultaneous with discoloration faster, (1947) sterilization RF material a wet by flavor processing addition and the and the gas (Wang loss. moisture speed and up thawing Houben out MHz hot heating smooth regions help Closer 2004). drying longer hot rather while bread to were used loss. with fish. The in air, the air up by of to et ± a . www.IndianJournals.com Members Copy, Not for Commercial Sale

Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 for to As blanched but convenience 6. 7. 5. RF MHz the with no heating heating usually technical packaging surface on field and commodities Ohmic The its Future transfer. reformulation uncertainties particles surface aseptic across on Aseptic gain Blanching Post industrial the chemical particle public low blanching. product results microwave problem RF heated (Moyer environment. more the followed heating as for acid processing starts harvest is Research Ohmic blanching could using a concern complexities failure processing always sample in geometry particulate new to importance. residues foods application the food in (Tang associated poor by of and of have Blanching also RF a etn and heating was treatments thermal liquid by vegetables. insect the self-excited a and is Stotz, higher heating is flavor Needs over convective such compared cause the using et contact on Nelson tried product too product on and al., of foods. the conduction and. food control. in as treatment such products, with An 1947). high particulate vegetables and significant 2000). for microwave than in conventional is rise, aseptic macaroni to MW with particles (1996) RF-based dielectric to RF It safety liquid oscillator destruction. kill particle color. to as and heat that obtain is RF steam Thermal heating the Heating There faster possible selected processing. method have inside pasteurisation thermal had transfer at issues A containing using temperature steam and simultaneously food. frequency residence breakdown the sterilization variety a and summarized with acceptable has heating heating particle are a 30 cheese. Burning desired treatments for pests particle. RF to is or water. runaway Conventional between considered been a continuing blanch post water Microwave potential heating of particles in time of (Ohlsson method vegetables gradients center. and (arching), electrical Steam an harvest of heating many Therefore, quality particles, in research greater packaging for heating, a nraiginterest increasing distribution sterilisation (Khalaf limits order carrier power as insect to So and crops. because is heating insect heating alternatives process and and inside grow, conductivity, if still bed the have for to water on the temperature which and output runaway medium control Risman, have heat material loss control particulate the depths questionable electric particles, and been of and processes the ofliquid has Sastry, blanching application but of minimal particulate can of750 applied the been associated to using urtv value nutritive reported and in of not was 1978). heating, conventional field in have lead demand agricultural at 1996). vegetables containing depending suggested in using a products, are W observed a RF impacts strength particle electric particle require case to limited due at likely foods ofRF leave to both heat 150 But and RF for be of to www.IndianJournals.com Members Copy, Not for Commercial Sale

Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 to various be and of composition. during considering The technologies. technologies economics detail in References RF Further temperature, packaging some Cathcart, Conclusions Chou, Berbert, Houben, Holland,I.M. Buffier, dielectric pasteurize food avoided heating temperatures. detail studies foodstuffs. Reinhold. L.R.D. with frequency 29. 80: studies S.K. RF processing foods research c.R. 1., P.A., W.H., 65. heating economic high by could of materials Schoenmakers, and properties latest water have packaged available 2001. of applying proper 1993. 1974. as Queiroz, So Parker, Chua, frequency RF be pasteurization Trends functions work There of been technologies there content, and successfully Dielectric dielectric Dielectric Microwave vacuum study selection for of K.l. for food RF 1.1. done preservation is D.M., is various is in better needed food heat. also is technology and 2001. L., Food of a viscosity products to packaged needed need properties frequency, of Van properties post-baking estimate Beattie, Sousa, a available processing Food used packaging of cooking utilization packaging need Sci. New to putten, sausage of to and to evaluate as TechnoL causes TechnoL of is E.F., updated hybrid seafood get evaluate H.G. food energy 31 of also composition. detail of and and temperature, E., materials wider in and various materials. of Molina, emulsions parchment processing packaging 1947. Van biscuit needed. processing, its drying the 12: studies (Kolbe, RF efficiency 1: preservation. economic the economics commercial Roon, 174. dielectric 359. The technology. foods cost over making. M.B., technologies But of water 1996). treatment coffee. as and failure. P. of a RF and as this New and wide a analysis applying preservation Melo,E.C. functions properties in continuous dielectric There content, Baking cost application. The requires Korl, 1. comparison York, However, range Evaluation of Agric. but use for is B. packaged of RF Industries Van of mainly heat of also viscosity of detail properties 1991. of RF and frequencies technology. technology Engg. RF process. frequency, this Although Nostrand food sensitive a to heating heating of Faroni, lack studies Radio­ on could bread other Res. cost 1.8: and and old of of 1. www.IndianJournals.com Members Copy, Not for Commercial Sale

Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 Jones, Moyer, Mermelstein, Mujumdar, Khalaf, Tang, Kolbe, Piyasena, Nelson, Nelson, Ohlsson, Wang, Ryynanen, Drying Microwave rates prospects. for Technol. USA. ASAE Unpub. 51: Technol. Radio-frequency relevant basic spheres 57: a temperature-short-time J., P.L. Y., E. review. S J.e. W.G. s.o. .0. T. stored-grain 94. Ikediala, 257. P., Wig, 1996. of S. and A.S. principles. and and 1992. Dussault, 1996. 35: of N.R. liquid-particle and 1995. Information. and to 21: 1: Critical Rowley, T., Risman, Foods. 2004. Drying Stotz, Heating 1533. RF 252. Power Sastry, cylinders. Mathematical Review Tang, 129. 1997. J.N., The and insect Research heating J. e., Chapman Rev. E. electromagnetic Technol. A.T. Electromagnetic P.O. Food Wang, J. Interest microwave S.K. of Koutchma, 1947. and Deptt. and control. J. Food mixtures. packaged 1997. 1978. of Engg. Microwave hra quarantine thermal 1996. assessment models and S., Hallberg, foods: The in 22: & Of Sci. Temperature Dielectric radiQfrequency Hansen, Hall, development Transactions Effect atuiainand pasteurization 29: 27. Bioresources blanching T., J. Nutr. principles, surimi for properties 32 Food 409. Ramaswamy, London. Energy of L.M. the Power of 43: radio-frequency J.D. dielectric dryers. seafoods Engg. fluid of 2003. 587. distribution 26: in ASAE applications 13: and of Engineering. vegetables heating methods. drying: viscosity 27: 202. food 303. In Dielectric Cavalieri, H.S. constant in sterilization. e.J. 39: 145. materials: a heats recent and 1475. of commercial and Baker on and Postharvest by microwave of Awuah, Corvallis, the microwave up. properties R.P. related electronics. rice. trends (ed.) ohmic Food a J. review 2000. Transactions Food G.B. properties­ and Industrial RF Technol. Biology heating­ Oregon, heating of energy future High­ Engg. 2003. oven. of Food food· the