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Creating Value Through Open Data

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Creating Value Through Open Data Creating Value through Open Data Creating Value through Open Data: Study on the Impact of Re-use of Public Data Resources Digital Agenda for Europe This study has been prepared by Capgemini Consulting as part of the European Data Portal. The European Data Portal is developed by the European Commission with the support of a consortium led by Capgemini Consulting, including INTRASOFT International, Fraunhofer Fokus, con.terra, Sogeti, the Open Data Institute, Time.Lex and the University of Southampton. For more information about this paper, please contact: European Commission Directorate General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology Unit G.3 Value Data Chain Daniele Rizzi – Policy Officer Email: [email protected] Project Team Dinand Tinholt – Vice President, EU Lead, Capgemini Consulting Executive lead European Data Portal Email: [email protected] Wendy Carrara – Director, Principal Consultant, Capgemini Consulting Project Manager European Data Portal Email: [email protected] Written and reviewed by Wendy Carrara, Wae San Chan, Sander Fischer, Eva van Steenbergen (Capgemini Consulting). Internal identification Contract number: 30-CE-0677290/00-65 SMART number: 2014-1072 DISCLAIMER By the European Commission, Directorate-General of Communications Networks, Content & Technology. The information and views set out in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the Commission. The Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this study. Neither the Commission nor any person acting on the Commission’s behalf may be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained therein. ISBN 978-92-79-52791-3 DOI 10.2759/328101 © European Union, 2015. All rights reserved. Certain parts are licensed under conditions to the EU. Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Creating Value through Open Data November 2015 A study on the Impact of Re-use of Public Data Resources Abstract The European Data Portal Within the context of the launch of the European Data Portal, further evidence of the quantitative impact of re-use of Open Data is measured. The aim of this study is to collect, assess and aggregate economic evidence to forecast the benefits of the re-use of Open Data for the EU28+. Four key indicators are measured: direct market size, number of jobs created, cost savings, and efficiency gains. Between 2016 and 2020, the market size of Open Data is expected to increase by 36.9%, to a value of 75.7 bn EUR in 2020. The forecasted number of direct Open Data jobs in 2016 is 75,000 jobs. From 2016 to 2020, almost 25,000 extra direct Open Data jobs are cre- ated. The forecasted public sector cost savings for the EU28+ in 2020 are 1.7 bn EUR. Efficiency gains are measured in a qualitative approach. A combination of insights around efficiency gains of Open Data, and real-life examples is provided. To measure the success of Open Data policies, a series of recommendations is put forward to help governments keep track of the direct and indirect benefits of their policies. This is key in further accelerating the publishing of Open Data and encouraging its re-use. Le Portail européen de données Dans le cadre du lancement du Portail européen de données, l’impact quantitatif de la réutilisation des données ouvertes a été mesuré. L’objectif de cette étude est de recueillir, analyser et agréger les preuves économiques des avantages de la réu- tilisation des données publiques au sein de l’UE28+. Quatre indicateurs clés sont mesurés: le volume du marché, le nombre d’emplois créés, les économies de coûts ainsi que les gains d’efficacité. Entre 2016 et 2020, la taille du marché des données ouvertes devrait augmenter de 36,9 %, pour atteindre une valeur de 75,7 milliards d’euros en 2020. Selon les prévisions, en 2016, le nombre d’emplois lié directement à la réutilisation des données ouvertes est de 75,000 postes. De 2016 à 2020, ce sont près de 25,000 nouveaux emplois qui seront créés dans ce secteur. D’ici à 2020, grâce à la réutilisation des données ouvertes, le secteur public serait en voie de réa- liser 1,7 milliards d’euros d’économie sur l’ensemble de l’UE des 28+. Une approche plus quantitative est suivie afin de mesurer les gains d’efficacité. Ces gains sont abor- dés sous la forme d’une étude de cas. Une série de recommandations est formulée afin d’encourager les Etats à mesurer plus en détail le succès de leurs politiques d’ouverture de données et plus particulièrement, les bénéfices directs et indirects. Ces aspects sont essentiels afin d’accélérer la publication de jeux de données sup- plémentaires et d’en encourager la réutilisation. 4 Abstract CreatingExecutive Value Summary through Open Data “If I had to express my views about the digital future – that of Europe or indeed, of the whole world - I could do it with one word: data.” Andrus Ansip, Vice-President Digital Single Market I I https://ec.europa.eu/commission/2014-2019/ansip/announcements/speech-vice-presi- dent-ansip-bruegel-annual-meeting-productivity-innovation-and-digitalisation-which_en 5 Executive Summary Executive Summary Synthèse Governments have a large number of basic Les gouvernements disposent d’un grand data which can be of economic and social nombre de données de base qui peuvent value to society as a whole. Along those être d’une valeur économique et sociale. lines, more and more European countries Dans ce sens, un nombre croissant d’États are developing policies to release this data européens ont été amenés à développer as Open (Government) Data. Open Data des politiques visant à publier les données refers to information that can be freely publiques plus systématiquement. Les don- used, modified, and shared by anyone for nées ouvertes, ou Open Data en anglais, any purpose. It must be available under an renvoient à des informations qui peuvent open licence and provided in a conveni- être librement utilisées, modifiées et parta- ent and modifiable form that is machine gées par toute personne à quelque fin que readable. ce soit. Elles se doivent d’être disponibles sous licence ouverte, dans un format facile Within the European Union, key framework d’utilisation et modifiable. Enfin ces don- conditions for successful Open Data policy nées doivent être fournies sous une forme making have been set up. In doing so, the lisible par machine. European Commission aimed at creating a “data value chain friendly” policy environ- Au sein de l’Union européenne, des condi- ment. The objective is to put in place the tions-cadres essentielles à la réussite de “systemic” prerequisites for effective use l’élaboration de politiques de données ou- and re-use of data through legal and soft vertes ont été mises en place. Pour ce faire, “Europe setting law measures. la Commission européenne vise à créer un environnement favorable à l’ensemble de up a data value In 2003, the European Union (EU) adopted la chaîne de valeur des données. L’objectif legislation to foster the re-use of Open est de mettre en place les conditions « sys- chain friendly Government Data in Member States via the témiques » indispensables pour soutenir la Public Sector Information (PSI) Directive publication et la réutilisation des données environment” 2003/98/EC.II The main objective was to en- publiques. Ces instruments peuvent être sure equal treatment of all potential re-users autant législatifs que non contraignants. where the public sector body had released information for re-use. The PSI Directive was En 2003, l’Union européenne (UE) a adopté subsequently amended in 2013 by Directive de nouvelles dispositions législatives favo- 2013/37/EU.III With this amendment, the risant la réutilisation de données publiques general principle was introduced that all in- ouvertes dans les États membres. Il s’agit formation accessible under Member State de la directive sur la réutilisation des infor- legislation is in principle re-usable. Also, ad- mations du secteur public 2003/98/CE.II ministrative charges should in principle no L’objectif principal était d’assurer l’éga- longer exceed the marginal costs of making lité de traitement de tous les réutilisateurs it available for re-use, excluding charging of potentiels, dans le cas où, l’organisme de the re-user for the production of the infor- service public concerné publierait des don- mation. Re-use of information released for nées à des fins de réutilisation. La directive re-use by cultural institutions should also be a été modifiée en 2013 par la directive subject to an obligation of equal treatment 2013/37/UE.III Par cet amendement, le prin- of all potential re-users while such institu- cipe général mis en place est que toutes tions could continue to charge re-users in a les informations accessibles, en vertu de way allowing them to recover the costs of la législation des États membres, soient en production of the information. principe réutilisables. En outre, les charges II http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2003:345:0090:0096:en:PDF III http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:32013L0037 7 The expected impact of the Open Data administratives devraient, en principe, ne policies and the development of data pas dépasser les coûts marginaux de leur “European portals is to drive economic benefits and mise à disposition en vue de leur réutili- further transparency. These benefits have sation, et exclure donc, tout frais supplé- countries moving been largely outlined by a number of stud- mentaire pour l’usager. La réutilisation des ies. However, few studies offer aggregate données publiées par les institutions cultu- forward with figures covering several different macro- relles doit également être soumise à une economic indicators.
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