DOCSLIB.ORG

IUCN SSC Equid Specialist Group

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
IUCN SSC Equid Specialist Group IUCN SSC Equid Specialist Group 2016-2017 Report Patricia D. Moehlman Sarah R. B. King Co-Chairs Mission statement Capacity building Patricia D. Moehlman (1) The mission of the IUCN/SSC Equid Specialist L Research activities Sarah R. B. King (2) Group (ESG) is to conserve biological diversity i. An Ethiopian and an Eritrean national are by developing and executing programs to study, enrolled and doing research for their PhD’s on Red List Authority Coordinator save, restore, and manage wisely wild equids African wild ass distribution, population viability Sarah R B King (2) and their habitats. Our greatest challenge is to and habitat utilization. (KSR #39) improve wild equid conservation status, to ii. An Eritrean national completed his MSc on Location/Affiliation sustain their ecosystems and to enhance the African wild ass distribution and genetics and (1) EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, US; livelihoods of local communities. currently is Director of Wildlife in the Forestry Columbia University, Adjunct Senior Research and Wildlife Authority, Eritrea. (KSR #32) Main activities by Key Priority Area Scientist, EICES, NY, NY, US; TAWIRI, Arusha, Communications Tanzania (2016 & 2017) L Research activities (2) NREL, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Barometer of life i. An edited book Wild Equids: Ecology, CO, US L Red List Management and Conservation (Johns Hopkins i. All Red List assessments are up to date with University Press) was published. Equid Number of members the exception of the Mountain zebra. This will Specialist Group members contributed to 60 be completed in 2018. (KSR #32) almost all chapters. (KSR #43) Bolster work at national scales Conservation action Social networks L Conservation activities L Capacity building Website: i. The Ethiopian National Action Plan for Wild i. The Ethiopian National Action Plan for Wild www.equids.org Equids (African wild ass, Grevy’s zebra, Plains Equids (African wild ass, Grevy’s zebra, Plains zebra) was completed and approved and zebra) was completed and approved and implementation has started. (KSR #15) implementation has started. (KSR #18) ii. We assisted with production of the Road Map L Communication for the Conservation of African wild ass Equus i. Road Map for the Conservation of African wild africanus 2017-2027. CMS Technical Series ass Equus africanus 2017-2027. CMS Technical Publication No.34 (KSR #15) Series Publication No.34. (KSR #28) L Proposal development and funding i. Proposals were developed for listing the African wild ass as Appendix I and were submitted and approved at the CMS COP 12. ii. Proposals were developed for the conserva- tion of African wild ass in Ethiopia and Eritrea and submitted for funding to the IUCN Save our Species Fund. Przewalski’s Horse (Equus ferus), Endangered Photo: S.R.B. King Female and foal of Grevy’s zebra (Equus grevyi), Endangered Photo: Patricia D. Moehlman Increasing diversity of SSC Communications L Membership Scientific meetings: convene an International i. Members from 26 countries and composed Conference on Wild Equids in 2019. of 22 women and 38 men. Conservation action Policy Conservation activities: (1) demarcate an L Agreements African wild ass protected area in Eritrea; (2) i. Proposal to list the African wild ass on Con- Implementation of the Ethiopian national action plan for three wild equids; (3) continue working vention for Conservation of Migratory Species Plains zebra (Equus quagga), Near Threatened. with all SG members towards conservation of (CMS) Appendix I approved at COP12. (KSR #29) Photo: Patricia D. Moehlman wild equids. L Technical advice Technical advice: CMS road map for African wild i. Proposal to list the African wild ass on CMS ass conservation. Appendix I approved at COP12. (KSR #18) Policy Acknowledgements Policy advice: (1) African wild ass listed as CMS Appendix 1; (2) Przewalski’s horse listed as CMS We thank the following donors that have provid- Appendix 1. ed funding for operations, research, training and Summary of activities (2016-2017) conservation action: EcoHealth Alliance, Basel Projected impact for the quadrennium Zoo, IUCN/SSC Species Conservation Planning Key Priority Area ratio: 7/7 2017-2020 Sub-Committee, Knowsley Zoo, Plock Zoo, Sea- Key Priority Areas addressed: world Busch Gardens Conservation Fund and By the end of 2020, we hope that the conser- • Barometer of life (1 activity) Little Rock Zoo. We thank Dr David Mallon for fa- vation status of the African wild ass (CR) is im- • Bolster work at national scales (2 activities) cilitating the Ethiopia National Wild Equid Action proved by capacity building in the two main • Capacity building (2 activities) Plan workshop. We thank the Ethiopian Wildlife range states, i.e. Ethiopia and Eritrea and the Conservation Authority for hosting and organiz- establishment of a protected area in Eritrea. • Communications (1 activity) ing the Ethiopia National Wild Equid Action Plan The CMS road map for the Conservation of the • Conservation action (4 activities) workshop. African wild ass has been completed and the • Increasing diversity of SSC (1 activity) species is listed on Appendix I of CMS. Przew- • Policy (2 activities) Targets for the quadrennium 2017-2020 alski’s horse (EN) populations are expected to Main KSRs addressed: 5, 18, 28, 29, 32, 39, 43 increase in Mongolia, and further reintroduction Barometer of life KSR: Key Species Result sites may become necessary; a national Action Red List: complete Red List assessments of all Plan for the species will be developed. Equid seven wild equid species. species in Africa are at threat from catastroph- Bolster work at national scales ic droughts (Grevy’s zebra (EN), mountain zebra Capacity building: conduct scout training (VU), and plains zebra (NT). Conservation ef- courses in Ethiopia and Eritrea. forts in range states will aim to ameliorate these effects. In Asia, conservation efforts of Asiat- Capacity building ic wild ass (NT) and kiang (LC) will continue, so Capacity building: (1) Eritrean national to obtain we do not expect to see a decline in population PhD on African wild ass; (2) Ethiopian national to numbers. obtain PhD on African wild ass..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • African Wild Ass the African Wild Ass Is Endangered
    tion. Equus africanus is not listed on the CITES appendices, according to the Secretariat, simply African because nobody ever proposed it—even though it is classified as endangered in the IUCN's Red Data Book where the first proposed conservation measure listed is inclusion in Appendix I of the wild ass Convention on International Trade in Wild Bill Clark Species (sic) of Fauna and Flora. This proposal was published in 1976. While conservationists have been slow to propose protective measures for this rare equine, the international animal exploiters have also been stalled for the time being. The African wild ass The African wild ass is endangered. Its lives in an extremely remote and hostile habitat, habitat is a drought-stricken war zone; its in countries where the political situation is, at best, flesh is eaten and is believed to cure unstable. hepatitis; it is eagerly sought by dealers Two subspecies now exist, africanus, the Nubian and collectors. The author, Chief Curator wild ass, numbering perhaps 1500 animals in at Israel's Hai-Bar reserve, examines the southern Sudan, near the Red Sea coast (Watson problems hindering the conservation of et al, 1977), and somalicus, the Somali wild ass, of about 2000 animals living in the Ethiopian this animal and explains why it is urgently Danakil Desert and the Las 'Anod region of necessary to list it on Appendix I of the Somalia (Simonetta, 1982; Stephenson, 1976). Convention on International Trade in Formerly, the African wild ass inhabited most of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and North Africa, from the Atlas Mountains in the west Flora at its meeting in April 1983.
    [Show full text]
  • National Studbook Indian Wild Ass (Equus Hemionus Khur) II Edition
    National Studbook Indian Wild Ass (Equus hemionus khur) II Edition Published as a part of the Central Zoo Authority sponsored project titled “Development and Maintenance of Studbooks for Selected Endangered Species in Indian Zoos” awarded to the Wildlife Institute of India vide sanction order: Central Zoo Authority letter no. 9-2/2012-CZA(NA)/418 dated 7th March 2012] Data till: December 2015 Published: April 2016 National Studbook of Indian Wild Ass (Equus hemionus khur) II Edition Published as a part of the Central Zoo Authority sponsored project titled “Development and maintenance of studbooks for selected endangered species in Indian zoos” Awarded to the Wildlife Institute of India [Sanction Order: Central Zoo Authority letter no. 9-2/2012-CZA(NA)/418 dated 7th March 2012] PROJECT PERSONNEL Junior Research Fellow Ms. Nilofer Begum Project Consultant Anupam Srivastav, Ph.D. Project Investigators Dr. Parag Nigam Shri. P.C. Tyagi, IFS Copyright © WII, Dehradun, and CZA, New Delhi, 2016 Photo Credit: Dr. Chittaranjan D. Dave This report may be quoted freely but the source must be acknowledged and cited as: Wildlife Institute of India (2016) National Studbook of Indian Wild Ass (Equus hemionus khur)II Edition, Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun and Central Zoo Authority, New Delhi. TR. No. 2016/004/37. For correspondence: Project Investigator, Studbook Project, Wildlife Institute of India, PO Box 18, Dehradun, 248001 Uttarakhand, India Foreword Habitat loss, fragmentation and degradation coupled with poaching are limiting the growth of wild populations of several species; increasingly rendering them vulnerable to extinction. For species threatened with extinction in their natural habitats ex-situ conservation offers an opportunity for ensuring their long-term survival.
    [Show full text]
  • The Nomenclature of the African Wild Ass
    The nomenclature of the African wild ass C.P. Groves & C. Smeenk Groves, C.P. & C. Smeenk. The nomenclature of the African wild ass. Zool. Med. Leiden 81 (6), 8.vi.2007: 121-135, fi gs 1-8.— ISSN 0024-0672. Colin P. Groves, School of Archaeology and Anthropology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia (e-mail: [email protected]). Chris Smeenk, National Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands (e-mail: [email protected]). Key words: Perissodactyla; Equidae; Equus africanus africanus; Equus africanus somaliensis; Equus taeniopus; history; taxonomy; nomenclature; lectotype; Africa. The 19th-century reports on the occurrence and identity of wild asses in North-East Africa are reviewed, as well as the names applied in various publications by Fitzinger and von Heuglin, respectively. The fi rst published name for the African wild ass, Asinus africanus Fitzinger, 1858, is a nomen nudum. The name Equus taeniopus von Heuglin, 1861 is rejected as indeterminable, as it is based on an animal that cannot be identifi ed and may have been a hybrid between a domestic donkey and a Somali wild ass; the type has not been preserved. The fi rst available name thus becomes Asinus africanus von Heuglin & Fitzinger, 1866. A lectotype is designated: a skull of an adult female collected by von Heuglin near At- bara River, Sudan, and present in the Museum für Naturkunde in Stuttgart, MNS 32026. A review of taxonomic and nomenclatural actions by later authors is given. The two subspecies recognized are the Nubian wild ass Equus a.
    [Show full text]
  • The Multiple African Origins of Domestic Donkeys
    TheThe MultipleMultiple AfricanAfrican OriginsOrigins ofof DomesticDomestic DonkeysDonkeys Diane Gifford-Gonzalez Anthropology Department University of California - Santa Cruz, USA Albano Beja-Pereira Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Vairão Photo: Fiona Marshall Universidade do Porto, Portugal Molecular genetics has resolved a long archaeological and zoological debate over the origins of the domestic donkey (Equus asinus) from wild ancestors. Because the ancestral species of the donkey, Equus africanus, is found in sub-specific forms across arid zones of Africa and into the Arabian Peninsula, and because some early domestic forms were recovered from Dynastic Egypt, it was open to debate whether the species was domesticated in Africa or in the Near East. Phylogenetic analysis of wild and domestic mtDNA lineages of the species and its close relatives from 52 countries has identified two highly divergent phylogenetic groups, the Nubian wild ass (Equus africanus africanus) and the Somali wild ass (E. a. somaliensis), or dibokali, as representing ancestral lineages of the domestic ass, excluding Asiatic wild asses as progenitors. Moreover, recent morphometric analyses of donkey specimens from Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt, plus those of later periods, has contributed to our grasp of the process of domestication of the donkey. This presentation briefly summarizes the genetic data and notes the zooarchaeological contributions to our knowledge of the domestication and dispersion of this useful and ubiquitous equid. 1 DonkeysDonkeys TodayToday Globally distributed in arid and semiarid regions Essential to rural agrarian economies Missouri, USA Swahili Coast Pastoralist women rely on donkeys to transport water, wood, children, young livestock, move home key to family health and wealth Maasai, Kenya Photo: Lior Weissbrod Cerezales, León, Spain Photo: F.
    [Show full text]
  • SOME REMARKS on the AFRICAN WILD ASS Without Any Doubt the African Wild Ass Should Be Considered a Species Threatened with Extin
    SOME REMARKS ON THE AFRICAN WILD ASS by A. C. V. VAN BEMMEL Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden With two plates INTRODUCTION Without any doubt the African Wild Ass should be considered a species threatened with extinction. Therefore, it seems worth-while to collect as many data on this species as possible and to do this quickly. Data and material, however, are scarce. Many sportsmen and zoologists observed the animal in natural conditions and hardly any book or paper on the wildlife of regions in which Wild Asses occurred or still can be found, fails to record some observations. However, these observations mostly are more or less incidental. Only during the last years some special studies have been made on the last remnants of the Wild Ass in Ethiopia and Somalia (Simon, 1966, 1968; Blower, 1968; Klingel, 1971a, b), in order to prepare some measures for the conservation of the species. From a zoological point of view, we are too late to collect all information necessary to give an appropriate account of the original distribution both of the species as a whole and of all subspecies that might be distinguished, and even of the taxonomic characters of these subspecies. The question as to how many subspecies once existed must remain unanswered. At least one subspecies still survives (Harper, 1945), the fate of others is uncertain. Material of the African Wild Ass is extremely scarce in museum collections. The reason is that most material of big game in museum collections has not been collected on purpose by zoological collectors, but by sportsmen hunting for trophies.
    [Show full text]
  • Wild Asses and Donkeys in Africa: Interdisciplinary Evidence for Their Biogeography, History and Current Use
    WILD ASSES AND DONKEYS IN AFRICA: INTERDISCIPLINARY EVIDENCE FOR THEIR BIOGEOGRAPHY, HISTORY AND CURRENT USE Revised and updated version of a paper presented at SOAS, 9th May 2012 Roger Blench Kay Williamson Educational Foundation 8, Guest Road Cambridge CB1 2AL United Kingdom Voice/ Ans 0044-(0)1223-560687 Mobile worldwide (00-44)-(0)7847-495590 E-mail [email protected] http://www.rogerblench.info/RBOP.htm This printout: 18 October, 2013 ABSTRACT The donkey is indigenous to the African continent and its wild progenitor is usually considered to be the Nubian wild ass. A very small population of African wild asses still persists in Eritrea. Cross breeding with domestic donkeys has virtually wiped out all such populations through introgression. It is likely that the domestication of the wild ass took place through a gradual process of management of wild populations across much of its ancient range. Historically, a chain of races of wild ass spread from the Atlas mountains to the Red Sea and probably as far south as the border of present-day Northern Kenya. It may well have been domesticated several times, given the semi-feral production systems under which it was managed until recently. Records of domestic asses begin in Egypt in the 4th millennium B.C. The extent to which the wild ass penetrated the interior of Africa is unknown. Some finds of equid teeth in West Africa, identified as wild asses’, may well be those of the horse. Faunal remains and rock art representations are extremely rare, as are references in historical chronicles or other textual material.
    [Show full text]
  • Diurnal Time Budgets and Activity Rhythm of the Asiatic Wild Ass Equus Hemionus in Xinjiang, Western China
    Pakistan J. Zool., vol. 45(5), pp. 1241-1248, 2013 Diurnal Time Budgets and Activity Rhythm of the Asiatic Wild ass Equus hemionus in Xinjiang, Western China Canjun Xia,1 Wei Liu,2 Wenxuan Xu,1 Weikang Yang,1* Feng Xu,1 and David Blank1 1Key laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China 2College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610043, China Abstract.- Studies on time budgets have shown that four factors may influence the daily activity budgets of the Asiatic wild ass: a) seasonal change of forage biomass and quality; b) diurnal and seasonal temperature variations; c) livestock movements and human activity; d) circadian period. In order to test these factors, the diurnal time budgets of the Asiatic wild ass was studied using the focal sampling method in Xinjiang Province (China) during 2007. According to our results, all four factors influenced the diurnal time budgets of Asiatic wild ass, which spent more than 45% (up to 66.77%) of their daytime feeding on pastures, and about one third resting (26.21%-38.06%) across all seasons. Moving, vigilance and “other” activities only made up less than 9% of the activity budgets in the most daytime of a year. Asiatic wild ass showed bimodal feeding activity in most seasons, but with longer daytime resting periods during hot months. In summer, especially during the rut, Asiatic wild ass devoted more significant time to “other” activities (suckling, moving, courting and agonistic behavior). However, the percentage of time for these activities was still notably lower than feeding and resting.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Register/Vol. 77, No. 108/Tuesday, June 5, 2012/Rules and Regulations
    33100 Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 108 / Tuesday, June 5, 2012 / Rules and Regulations of oil and gas well sites, to include Operators of CMVs that are used to • Federal eRulemaking Portal: http:// transporting equipment and supplies transport supplies, equipment, and www.regulations.gov. Follow the (including water) to the site and waste materials such as sand and water to and instructions for submitting comments. or product away from the site, and from the well sites do not qualify for the • U.S. mail or hand-delivery: Public moving equipment to, from, or between ‘‘waiting time exception’’ even if there Comments Processing, Attn: FWS–R9– oil and gas well sites. These CMVs do have been some modifications to the ES–2011–0095; Division of Policy and not have to be specially designed for vehicle to transport, load, or unload the Directives Management; U.S. Fish and well site use, nor do the drivers require materials, and the driver required some Wildlife Service; 4401 N. Fairfax Drive, any special training other than in minimal additional training in the MS 2042–PDM; Arlington, VA 22203. operating the CMV. operation of the vehicle, such as We will post all comments on Question 8: What kinds of oilfield running pumps or controlling the http://www.regulations.gov. This equipment may drivers operate while unloading and loading processes. It is generally means that we will post any taking advantage of the special ‘‘waiting recognized that these operators may personal information you provide us time’’ rule in § 395.1(d)(2)? encounter delays caused by logistical or (see the Public Comments section below Guidance: The ‘‘waiting time’’ operational situations, just as other for more information).
    [Show full text]
  • Report to Basel Zoo African Wild Ass (Equus Africanus): Population Dynamics, Distribution and Status in Eritrea August 2014
    Report to Basel Zoo African wild ass (Equus africanus): Population dynamics, distribution and status in Eritrea August 2014 Patricia D. Moehlman, Hagos Yohannes, Redae Teclai and Futsum Hagos Introduction The African Wild Ass (Equus africanus) is the world's most endangered equid and its population size and range have decreased by over 90% in the last twenty years (Moehlman 2002, Moehlman et al 2008). It persists in one of the harshest climates and terrains in the world, the Horn of Africa. Historically, there were two subspecies, the Somali wild ass (Equus africanus somaliensis) and the Nubian wild ass (Equus africanus africanus). In 1995, a small population of African wild ass (Equus africanus somaliensis) was documented in the Northern Red Sea Zone of Eritrea (Moehlman et al, 1998). A cooperative program between the Ministry of Agriculture, State of Eritrea and the IUCN/SSC Equid Specialist group started working towards the recovery of this important population. The 1995 International Conference on the Environmental Mangement Plan for Eritrea designated the area between the Buri Peninsula and the Dalool Depression (Denkelia) as a high priority area for conservation protection as a nature reserve. This research program is providing the scientific information for the determination of what level of protection is needed to conserve endangered wildlife and fragile vegetation resources. Hence this project is critical to maintaining and improving the conservation status of the African wild ass in Eritrea. The Eritrean/Ethiopian war and cease-fire affected the work schedule, but research continued to be conducted on a regular basis until mid 2007. From 2008 to 20011 there was a hiatus in regularly scheduled work.
    [Show full text]
  • Domestication of the Donkey: Timing, Processes, and Indicators
    Domestication of the donkey: Timing, processes, and indicators Stine Rossel*†, Fiona Marshall‡§, Joris Peters¶, Tom Pilgramʈ, Matthew D. Adams**, and David O’Connor** *Department of Cross-Cultural and Regional Studies, University of Copenhagen, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark; ‡Department of Anthropology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130; ¶Institute of Palaeoanatomy and History of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, D-80539 Munich, Germany; ʈMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110; and **Institute of Fine Arts, New York University, New York, NY 10021 Edited by Dolores R. Piperno, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, and Balboa, Panama, and approved January 25, 2008 (received for review October 16, 2007) Domestication of the donkey from the African wild ass trans- domestication events may have occurred within one geographic formed ancient transport systems in Africa and Asia and the area, northeast Africa (12, 13), and because little is known about organization of early cities and pastoral societies. Genetic research the course of domestication of transport animals (7, 14). Do- suggests an African origin for the donkey, but pinpointing the mestication of donkeys Ϸ6,000 years ago transformed early timing and location of domestication has been challenging because pastoral societies and ancient states. Donkeys are tough desert- donkeys are uncommon in the archaeological record and markers adapted animals, and their ability to carry heavy loads through for early phases of animal domestication are hard to determine. We arid lands enabled pastoralists to move farther and more fre- present previously undescribed evidence for the earliest transport quently and to transport their households with their herds.
    [Show full text]
  • IUCN SSC Equid Action Plan African Wild
    PART 1 Species Status and Conservation Action Plans: Africa 1 Chapter 1 Status and Action Plan for the African Wild Ass (Equus africanus) Patricia D. Moehlman 1.1 Nomenclature and CITES Listing: conservation status Equus africanus Appendix I E. a. africanus Scientific name: E. a. somaliensis Equus africanus Heuglin and Fitzinger 1866 Equus africanus africanus Heuglin and Fitzinger 1866 Equus africanus somaliensis Noack 1884 1.2 Biological data Important synonyms: Equus asinus 1.2.1 Distribution Common names: During the Pleistocene, the African wild ass may have African wild ass, Somali wild ass, Abyssinian wild ass, existed in Israel and Syria. Historically, there were three Nubian wild ass recognised subspecies. The Atlas wild ass, Equus africanus atlanticus, was found in the Atlas region of north-western Indigenous names: Algeria, and adjacent parts of Morocco and Tunisia. It Dabokali (Afar), Adghi Bareka (Tigrinia), Eritrea survived in this area until about 300 AD (Antonius 1938). Gumburiga (Issa), Dibakoli (Afar), Ethiopia, Gumburiga, In recent times, there have been reports of wild asses in Gumburi, Somalia northern Chad and the Hoggar Massif of the central Sahara, but it is in doubt as to whether these are true wild IUCN Red List Category (version 2.3): asses. Equus africanus CR A1b Critically Endangered The Nubian wild ass, Equus africanus africanus, lived E. a. africanus CR A1b Critically Endangered in the Nubian desert of north-eastern Sudan, from east of E. a. somaliensis CR A1b Critically Endangered the Nile River to the shores of the Red Sea, and south to The African wild ass (Equus africanus).
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Diversity, Conservation and Evolutionary History of the African Wild Ass
    Genetic diversity, conservation and evolutionary history of the African wild ass (Equus africanus): a non -invasive molecular approach Sónia Patrícia de Melo C. Pires Rosenbom Tese de Doutoramento apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto Programa Doutoral em Biodiversidade, Genética e Evolução 2016 Genetic diversity, conservation and evolutionary history of the African wild ass (Equus africanus): a non-invasive molecular approach Sónia Patrícia de Melo C. Pires Rosenbom D Programa Doutoral em Biodiversidade, Genética e Evolução Departamento de Biologia 2016 Orientador Albano Beja-Pereira, PhD, Investigador Principal, Professor Auxiliar Convidado Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto Declaração Na elaboração desta dissertação e nos termos do nº2 do Artigo 8º do Decreto-lei nº 388/70 da República Portuguesa, os resultados de trabalhos já publicados foram totalmente aproveitados e fazem parte integrante de alguns capítulos desta dissertação. Em todos estes trabalhos, a candidata participou na obtenção, interpretação, análise e discussão dos resultados e na elaboração das suas formas publicadas. Este trabalho foi realizado na íntegra no Centro em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO) da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, sob a orientação do Professor Doutor Albano Beja-Pereira. Este trabalho foi financiado por fundos do FEDER através de um projeto cofinanciado pelo programa COMPETE da EU e por fundos nacionais da Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-019757; PTDC/BIA-BDE/64111/2006 e PTDC/BIA- BIC/118107/2010. Statement In this thesis, and according to number 2 of Article 8 of law number 388/70 of the Portuguese Republic, the results of published works were totally used and included in some of the chapters.
    [Show full text]