Santa Clara University Scholar Commons

The Owl SCU Publications

4-1873 The Owl, vol. 7, no. 3 Santa Clara University student body

Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.scu.edu/owl Part of the Fiction Commons, Nonfiction Commons, and the Poetry Commons

Recommended Citation Santa Clara University student body, "The Owl, vol. 7, no. 3" (1873). The Owl. Book 32. http://scholarcommons.scu.edu/owl/32

This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the SCU Publications at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Owl by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected].

~~D,t~ ~IQl~01· ~@~l~l~e SANTA CLARA, CAI/. Under the ,Management of the Society of Jesns, ~arg~ n-: now the st DUmbel' of Professors and Tn tors connected with any educational institution on the Paciflc Coast. It embraces Schools of .

THEOLOGY, PHY~ICS, CLASSICS, PIIILOSOPIIY, ~fATIIE~IATICS, ORATORY, CHE~lISTI{Y,' IvfINERALOGY, LITERATUI~E. 'F RENCI-I, GERl\IAN, ITALIAN, SPANISlf (By Teachers na tive to the several languages) ~tcttitcct\tt'nt, ~ittt'h~utit.1tt, ~l\u.(l~tltl)t lttut ~igtu·t ~l'lU\!hltl, MVll[e~ V"AL AN. INSTK,UJlBNTA.L, l)ANOING; DIlA.1fATIO ..ciCTION AND DELlvTEI{Y. ~ILIT.A:R-Y DRILL:7 Practical Schools of Telegraphy, Photography, Surveying and Printing; daily Assays of native ores, in a thoronghly fitted laboratory; one of the most complete cabinets of apparatus in the United States; several Ilbrarice ; a brass band; the fullest 'collection of printed music possessed 'by any American College.

...... eeo .,3:--_---- No compulsory course. Youths of all denominations admitted •

. T .ERl\!S ;-Board, Lod ging, Tuition, Washing and Mending, School Stationery, Medical Attendance Medicines, Baths" Fuel, Lights, $350.00 per year, payable semi-annually, in advance. .&.4 Preparatory Department rcceioes boys not yet jlttC(Z to enter the Collc{jq course.

For full details, see Catalogue of 1872. whi ch may be had by addressing the President,

An. Aycnt of the Collr{fe m ot] 1;p fo und, da.JT1/, at Sf. I(j'llati'Us Coiteae, se t lJfa1'].:et St-reet; San Fruneisco, Pulverman'S'leaning Shoe tore, 327. &329 First Street, San Jose. Buckingham and Hecht's.wear ' O ~ hand, complete.

HIBERNIA SAVING AND LOAN SOCIETY. N. E. Cor. l\lontgonlcry & Market Streets, San F'raucisco.

OFFICERS: President.-l\1. D. S\VEENY, I 'Vice President.s-C, D. O'SULLIVAN. TRUSTEES: 1\1. D. S\VEENY, 1\1. J. O'CONNOR,; C. D. O'SULLIVAN, P. McARAN, JOHN SULLIVAN, GUSTAV:rn'rOUCHARlJ. H. J. TOBIN 1 J08. A. DONAIIOE, PETER · DONOH~ UE . Treasurer.: . ED\VARD MARTIN. Aitorneu. .... ~ ..' llICHAHD TOBIN. ~~""'~

Remittances from the country may be sent through Wells, Fargo & Co's Express office, or any reliable Banking House, but the Society will not be responsible for their safe delivery. The signn­ tare of the depositor should accompany the first deposit, " A paper pass-book will be delivered to the agent by whom the deposit is made...... erJlcr Deposits Received from $2.50 upwards, Office hours, fr01J~ 9 A.M. to 3 P.M.

THE ILLUST:RATED MAGAZINE ~hirty-("Wo Pag~s e,~ery lUO:ti.th. LOUIS HOPARD, $1.00 PER ANNUThI. Premiums for Clubs. Send for a specimen Of THE ':MAKUF ACTUTIER A:KD DEAl,EH IN &~~~~~. , t , . +j+ f. ~~t~ ~~ HiSt~~ i,\II:1 . 1" f ' T " F t'= t-J -t Watches, Diamonds. C Which will be read through and through by every J ·E-W-ELRY:J &C-:J member of the family, young and old. Vol V. begins with Jan 1873 Subscribe now No. 265 Aueerais moeu, by sending One Dollar to the Editor. REV. WILLIANI BYRNE, Santa Clara St., San Jose. Crusader office,Boston, Mass, .rru: OWL.

Vol. JIII. APRIL, 1873. No.3.

TI-IE IlEvVARD OF I-IEI~OES.

[An Oration delivered in the.Exhibition Hall of Santa Clara College, on the 22nd of February, 1873, the anniversary of the birth of George Washington :]

(R. F. DEL VALLE, 1\fental ~hilosopby.)

Iieo». ]i'Uthers, Ladies and Gentlen~en:-

T Las been often: said~and ' I not merely whilst he can wield that I think with some degree of power, but for ,all future genera­ trnth-that "the world ignores its tions; whilst others, far nobler and greatest men." fill' truer in their heroism, remain, , Long and glorious indeed is the and ever will remain "unhonored catalogue of earth's 'heroes ; but of and unsung." comparatively few can it be said And yet there are exceptions to that their countrymen have duly this sad rule; exceptions too which, recognized their heroism, or duly if not relatively, are at least posi­ rewarded their self-sacrifice. I~a­ tively numerous. ther has' self-seeklng than self-sacri­ I shall not pretend, on a!l occa.. fice won the prizes of the world, siou like this, to go through history Destroyers of men rather than their systematically, in search of heroes benefactors, are the people 'Vh0111 and their varying. rewards, The mankind likes to honor.. task would indeed be endless. But An Alexander or a Napoleon I trust, ladies and gentlemen, that may overrun half the civilized I may not be taxing your kind world with fire and sword, for no attention too heavily if~ .b efore al­ , conceivable object other than the luding to the great hero ofthis day, gratification of his personal lust for -(the best example at once of true, p~wer; and he will be a "hero,". heroism and of its true re,vard)- 282 [April

I recur to a fe\v instances from by the tie of mutual relation; he­ bygone times of others, more or roes, w hose names are almost Jess like him, "rho have been I!lOre representatioe of Grecian freedom, or less differently rewarded. So and whose actions have beC0111e onl y shall we be able to appreciate familiar, nay, even proverbial to us as we ought both the greatness of all. Yes; if we wish to paint an

'Vashington and the gratitude < of ideal hero, we give hirn the un .. America, fliilChillg courage of Miltiudes, the I have alluded already to mili­ "exquisite prudence of Themistooles, tary conquerors; and I care not to and the disinterested equity of speak of thern any more. But what Aristides. - Their labors and perils shall I say of the upholders and are still fresh upon the roll of defenders of those sacred )·ights so Fame; and history's undying finger dear to the hearts of free men? still points to the wisdom of the Shnll immortality be their reward ?' hero of Salamis, and the combined Shall ' t heir deeds' be enshrined on "pow er of those two minds, linked the altar of freedom and their both hy friendship and by patriot.. names be surrounded by - the ism, that achieved safety and liber­ .imperishable halo of a country's ty for their country in the mernor­ affection? Over their sacred dust able battle of ~farathon. · But 'wave the variegated-glories of the how ungrateful was that country! standards which they so' manfully 'It was thought insufficient to have -g uarded, despite the constant an- despoiled them of the recompense ,t ag oniSl1l ofdespots and oftraitors; they had so justly merited: e'veI~ but shall their graves be moistened the very lright of them was odious by the tears of the peoples for to their fellow-citizens, who regard- whom they have fonght? Shall . oed it perhaps as an obstacle to the they be loved as they have loved accomplishment of their own selfish { their country? "I'oo often, alas, plans; and hence ban islunent was \ " .t hey shall not. Too often nre they the fruit of the heroes' toil, and confronted, even while still living, their reward for the benefits they hy the ingratitude of those w horn had rendered to the State. they have saved. Bat we are called npon to pause, In tho classic days of Grecian arHl read the inscription.c-. ' . freedom, this vice of ingratitude "Stranger, the tidings to the Spartans tell, is eSjJccially noticeable; although That here. obeying their commands we we lnay find, at the same time, fell." . , some noble instances of the con­ Hero the great though conquered trary virtue. I .. conidus awaits -t he reward that r-r"hree gl'eat names appear sud­ he has bought by the price of his denly to nlY mind, bound perhaps O\Y11 blood. Yes! Therrnopylae 187'3.] The Rewa?ylof Heroes. 283

has been for. ages the most sublime man who destroyed tyrants, sub­ example ~f patriotism ; and imrnor­ d ned barbarians, repeopled great tal g'lory still surrounds it, cities which lay'desolate, and res­ A marble lion, to mark the rest- tored to the Sicilians their hi'Y~' ,ing place of Leonidas, has been arid privileges." lti8 reward ; signifying that the The latter received in an equal renown of his bravery shall des­ degree the admiration of his native cend untarnished to posterity. country, and indeed -earned ' for . And.what shnll 'V~ say of Pelo­ himself the glorious title of' "the pidas and Epaminondas ;-heroes last of the Greeks." These t\V9 t , ~ 'V hose names are bound together last examples are. exceptions tothe 'by the tics of mutual affection and sad""i'uIc ofingratitude which seems '111utual assistance, and w110 with to have generally prevailed in the \1l1itcd ' power sa ved their native ' ,Gre"c ~ an States, -, land. Lenctra, and many other If, however, we turn to the l}o­ 'hloody ' and victorious fights, won man Republic, we find in the stern for the Theban generals ,the adrni­ integrit.y and fixedness ofcharacter "ration of the world, Were theRe which marked that great people.. great InCH led iu triumph, amid a better .prospect ofjustice to 'their ·t he applause of their countrymen, hero~s; and that prospect is realiz­ and with crowns of laurels to ed when we come to investigate Thebes ? No ! Far 'from it ! facts. They were treated like t\VO trai­ . Junius Brutus, t.he first Roman tors that had worked the ruin. of Consul, who avenged the rape of ',t heir country instead of its ealoa­ Lucreti~, " and sacrificed parental tion, and were exposed in a court affection to the liberty of his COUL­ ofjustice to theridicule of all, for try, in passing sentence of death the transgression of certain unne­ on his two sons whom he had found / cessary and unwise rules,\vhich to be traitors, is a hero of great vcry transgression itself caused renown; and one to whom ROllle their victory. showed proportionate gratitude; Timoleon and Philopreruen, how­ for"after he had died defending her ever, could not co 111 plain of their cause, the mantle of mourning was country's ingratittlde. spread over the w hole people; and The fornler,by superhuman ex­ the Ron1an ladies especially, in ertions, liberated Sicily fr01H Punic. Inemory of the Avenger of Chas­ t yralllly and established there a tity, clothed themselves in mourr.-, .. free governlnent. In his honor the ing for the space ofone year.

left an impress upon , the English when slliuing forth in the midst of nation which marks it even yet, 'VOmal? '8 weakncss l Joan of Arc, but has established himself so firm.. the heroine, who delivered 'Orleans ly in the hearts of his fellow-coun­ from -the .hands of the English trymen, that they renlelnber him .usur pers, gained a renown which to this day with lovIng veneration. in mun would be honorable, but ill St. Louis of Ir~'(PICe, again, holds woman is wonderful! And yet, ­ no secondary rank in the list of for her 11101"e than natural achieve... heroes; for in him were united the merits, she was repaid with distrust. greatest moral courage, whether in andcoutempt, even by those whom polities or in war, and the 1110ft she had saved. unexampled virtue. lIe labored Last, but not least, let me men­ incessantly for the , good of ]Ils tion the great defender of Polish ' country, and by adopting in its liberties, Kosciusko, 1Vho under­ gbVel'111nent the simple principles took the deliverance of Pblancl ofthe Gospel,ln~pil'ed his suhJccts from the anuihilal.iug sword of at! w ith the most perfect confidence inveterate enemy, and who valiant­ in his justice and patriotism. lIe ly ,:vithstood all the hosts of the e0111hilled indeed, in his churacter, despot---he who considered all all the noblest qualities t hat can thillgs else that mankind desires as ,g lorify a monarch or adorn a saint. mere nothings, when contrasted And are we to remain silent about with liberty; and whose bare 1he deeds of those "great cham­ name often forced the enen1Y to pions of Scottish liberty;" 'v hose lay down their arms, He failed, heroic actions procured the iude... however ; , for merit does not in pendcnce of their country ? No, every case command success ; and Wallace and Bruce are nalTICS fa· : " freedom shrieked when ttosciusko felL;; miliar with all the admirers of true renown. Did they not set But Poland was not ungrateful; themselves as rocks against the for his cherished ~our:try raised a overwhelming tide of English in ... monument in his honor, the foun­ vnsion under the f rst Edward, and dations of w hich were moistened by thus by theh- ~ self-devotion secure the very blood of those Polish 801;0 the future happiness of a whole diors whom he had led to death in nation? the defence of liberty. William Tell, too, the Saviour And now to COIne to our own of Switzerland, needs to be men­ yonng Republic, and to the present tioned, His ll}ere nnme is enough. day; l1U)T~ even to the present aU 9 But heroism has been deeply dience. rooted even in the female heart; The very fact of our attendance and how much grander does it seel~l here to-night, is in itself an answer 286 - Tlte Rewarcl ofIIeroes.·

to the question; "ho\v does Ame­ difference to jTonr merits l But rica treat her heroes?". For, why look down ion us t}~is day with are we here, if not to demonstrate, complacency, as we commemorate so far as in us lies, the veneration once more your glorious deeds, with which we-i-not alone, but in and resolve once 11101'0 to emulate common with all our countrymen yonI' high exarnple! ' L ook upon -reg'al'd the memory of America's the letters of gold in which we great hero, the father of his coun­ , blazon forth your actions; behold try, GEORGE WASHINGTON? the just. reverence with which "TO 'I'here is DO need, for the pnrpose point out to onr children "the ofmy present argument,.to speak grave of 'Vashington;" and hear particularly of all the other heroes the eternal voice exclairning, "hel:e who have-Hpr nng from this prolific , sleeps the true and brave"! soil. '. 'Ve are .concerned to-nirrht Are we to blame, ladies and gen- ' especially with one; .and that one, tlernen, for thus enkindling in our not merely the greatest, but in miuds the admiration of heroes? ' BOUle sense the -representatice of Are ' we to ,blan?e for raising our ,them all. For it is as undeniable as voices to-night in honor of that it is notorious that in her patriotic just, magnnnimous, .and (happily) veneration for vVashillgton, ' Ame­ victorious patriot, in w hose praise, rica represen-ts, in principle, her even American freedom of speech conduct to all her heroes. There seems halting and insufficient.-cin­ is no country on earth which .shows capable, as it were, of raising'itself _ less ingratitude to its benefactors, to the full 'heig ht of hisgreatncss ? . or renders nobler homage to their N 0 ! A thousand times, no! virtue, than this in which we have rro 'Vashillgton, the mighty the happiness to live. 'To this one father of this American Iiepnblie, American example, then, great and the defender of those rights so noble as it is, let us confine oursel­ sacred to humanit.y ; to him w ho, ves. enduring with unbroken pat.ienoe, Your .hcarts are fnIl, already, of all the toils and burdens of the the high thoughts which the very past, made possible for us our glo­ name Or"rASH1NGTON calls up. I rious present ; to him who laid need therefore say but little more, firmly in the living rock of freedom Complain not, 0 great hero,* of the unshaken foundation of that American ingratitude! Accuse not. grand political edifice which now the soil that gave you birth, of ill- towers so loftily to the sky ;-to him, throughout the lllngth and * Here the speaker turned round to breadth of this 111igltty U71ion; 10 apostrophize .h, bust of Washington, all the glory which is justly his which occupied a pedestal of honor ill the centre of the stage.] clue. 1\'1y weak words can add but 1373,] Dream Fancies. 287 little to his honor, for already his rican heroes, he is incomparably name is the talismaii ofAmerical the first, It has indeed been ap­ Certain it is that to all the (1 e­ propriately said, and luay well on fenders of our rights ',ve, the citi­ this occasion be repeated-for it is zens of this Republic, must remain a sort of epitome at once of his indebted, as long as the sun of heroism and of its reward-s-that he time shall shine in the heavens;' is "thefirst in ioar, the fire: in but to him above all, and to him as peace, and thefirs; in the hearts oj-' the type of all; for of all our Arne- his countrymen !"

DllEA~1 FANCIES.

(YUS~F.)

SA\V thee when the loveliest rose I Would pale beside thy blush; The lily envied thee thy brow ; 'I'he nightingale for thee would hush; And from thine eyes the warm soft lovelight shone; And all of truth and love and virtue were thine own.

I saw thee when thy cheek had paled Beneath the g-rief of years; T-hy loving voice was low yet sweet, Thine eye was dimmed by oft shed tears; And those around thee wore a look of gloom, To see thee slow~y, surely gliding to the tomb.

Again I saw thy fairy form-s­ Thy soul had flown to God. I prayed to see no more of earth­ fro rest with thee beneath t]1C sod. For thy true heart was all on earth I claimed-i­ For thee alone, in me, the fire of love had flalne~.

And now at night, borne on the breeze, I hear thy mournful knell, Its dying tremor on the air Doth moan farewell, farewell, fare,veIl ! And still my heart-sad, desolate, and lone-­ Doth ever echo to that knell its spirit moan. 288 A Typ/loon ~ff·the Coast of Japan. IApril

A TYPHOON OFF THE COAST O~F J.t\'P.L\.N•

.(wu, B. wrr.sox.)

N a cold November morning, not likely to make his appearance O some three years ago, I was before midnight, I sought the soli­ roused from nly slumbers by the tude of my cabin; and after mak- . loud chorus of a song, in which at ing a hasty survey of my new least a dozen voices joined; whilst quarters, and disposing -of my as nluny pairs of -feet kept time to "traps", I "turned in". Seoen bells the tune, For a few moments I in the third watch (3.30 .l.t\.~I.) had felt bewildered ; but the repetition struck before I fell asleep. of the chorus, 'the continued heavy It was not long before I was tread of feet, the loud words of roused, as already described; and command, the gentle ripple of hastily leaving 111y bunk I proceed­ water close to my ear, ·the clink, ed on deck, where I found the clink of the chain as it fell into the crew busy heaving anchor and set­ locker, and the narrow bunk in ting sail. which I found myself coffined, as Just as I emerged from the C0111­ it were, soon brought me to a panion,. the morning gun, fired realization of Iny whereabouts. I from the English flag-s}lip, the was on board ship. Ocean, heralded the beginning of After a residence of over two ano ther dar; and as the loud report years in Japan, I had resol ved to rolled on, over the broad expanse "try 111Y luck" in America; and of the bay, it was an swered by th e with this object in view, had secur­ trumpet-calls of the other vessels 0 f ed a passage on board the British the fleet, as well as by the English barque ../Ilia/co, bound for San and French troops on shore. Francisco, Standing on the poop, I contern­ ThR Captain - a jolly Scotchman plated the scene before me, -recomtnenc1ed me to take posses­ There was the beautiful silvery sion ofmy cabin on Sunday even­ bay, bearing upon its glasRY bosom ing, as he intended to \veigh about eighty vessels of various na­ anchor at dawn on Monday, tionalities. .H ere and there, amid Arri\"ing on board in due time, this great fleet, the eye would rest 'and finding that the Captain was on the stately form of'sorne man-o'- 1873.] A TY1Jhoon ojfthe Coaet of Japan.

"Tar of one ofthe "Treaty Powers", age ,vay. guarding, sentinel-like, the lives As we glided through the fleet, and property of Englishmen, sundry vessels of our own nation .Frenchmen, or Americans. Be- saluted us by dipping their ensigus yond, bordering on the bay, lay and giving three hearty cheers, the three towns of Kanagawa, which compliments were answered' Yokohama, and Omurah, Far in by us in like manner. . the distance, with its majestic vVe had not proceeded far down snow-clad peak towering aloft 'into the channel before the breeze fresh..·· the clouds, was the great Fusilui­ ened ; and, all sails heing set, we rna mountain. To the left of Yo­ soon sped through the water at the" kohama, and close to the canal, ' rate of ten knots an hour. were the French barracks, almost Thus we continued until noon, hidden amidst a beautiful grove of by w hich time the breeze had con­ stately trees on the hill-side; whilst siderably increased, and our smart imrncdiataly above, stood the Eng'­ little 'craft was "lying. over to it "f lish barracks,-on a bluff about pretty freely, I thought. Towards four hundred feet above the level four P. M,, however, we shortened of the sea. Strptching'out into the sail;. and in this ,vay we ran until hay, from the foot of this blu~ sunset. By nine o'clock the wind were the 11111nCnSe coal-sheds and had increased to a moderate gale" wharves ofthe P."J~I.S.S~ C0111pany. though nothing to excite appre­ }j'r0111 the canal above referred hension, So, after listening to a to, and which surrounds Yokoha­ few well-spun "yarns," I retired to 1113" countless boats were issuing, 111Y cabin, in the hope that the bound in a thousand different di-. rnorning would bring fine weather. rections. 'I'he shrill whistle of the Alas! How much I was disap­ steamer starting for Yedo, and the pointed, the sequel will prove. " hoota-heeta " of the cendoos, Sleep? It was impossible ! The keeping time to the stroke of their gale was perceptibly increasing sculls as they plied their ,vay either every minute ; the lurching of the sea ward or to -t he different vessels ship 'vas D10re violent; the seas on which they were employed, struck her with greater force; the showed that another day's toil had watch on deck were rushing "fore fairly begun. and aft", and the Captain was I3y this time, the anchor being ~ roaring out his orders' at the top of ",veighed, the 1J£iako began to move his voice. steadily and majestically from her Affairs continued pretty much berth; and, the breeze increasing in the same state the whole night as the daylight advanced, tho sails through; and I bailed the first soon filled and we srot under steer- glirnnlel~ b .' of daylight, as it stole 200 L1 'lJ/1Jhoon off tIle Coast of Japan. [April

through the 8111:111 port-hole in 111y N otwithstandin r that both wind cabin, with a "Thank God". und sea increased every moment, I I soon found 111y ,vay on deck. preferred remaining on deck watch­ But, ye gods! what a scene pre­ ing the huge mountains of angry sented itself to IllY view ! water as they rushed furiousl y to­ I scarcely recognized the ship as wards us, seeming to threaten out" the same 011 which I had em barked instant. destruction, and yet des­ so short a t.irne before, and w hich tined to be mounted so easily and hut yesterday looked so grand and gracefully by our little barque. ' llob1e. 'rho boats were no longer "Land ill sight!" roared the hanging at the davits :-thcy were look-out mau. inboard and securely lashed: '1'11e " \Vhcre-a-\\ray'?" shouted the various little nit-k-nacks that I had Captain. observed about the deek were no "On the lee bow ; about six longer to be seen :-t110y had been miles off! " sent Lelo\~. 'rho topgnllaut-ruasts In a few seconds the Captain were strnek,,_and the mainsails ana was np in the mizzen cross-trees topsails securely and snugly furled, with his telescope pointed in the -,vith the exception of a close­ direction reported. He soon re­ reefed foretopsail and a storm-sail­ turned to the deck; and I then ac­ jib; and the great strain upon companied him to the cabin, where these, a wakened fears .for their he pointed out the island just safety. As far as the' eye could f'ighted, as iudicnted upon the reach, it rested on moving 11l0nl1­ chart; together with the remain­ tains of foam, del' of the group. '~Te were in a tY1Jlloon, the Cap­ 'I'he important 1110n1cnt had ar­ tain informed me, and there was ri ved in which he had to decide. every indication that the worst The heavy sea ,""vas bearing us had, yet to come, I-Ie wouldn't rapidly towards the shore. Our mind the gale if he had plenty of only hope ',vas to rnn before the 80a-1"00111; hut uufortunntely he wind ; ~1l<1 the Captain proceeded hadn't. For, about thirty miles on deck to carry out this plan. to leeward, there was a group of It was a dangerous undertaking, islands. Standing as we were, and all on board realized the fact. "close-haLlled," ,YO were drifting 'I'he gale was blowing fiercely,­ down upon them at the rate of so fiercely, that one dared not, at three or four knots an hour. And the risk of being blown from the to run before tl.e gale, in such a deck, relax his hold for an instant. Rea, was too great a risk, unless The sea 'V~S running monntains forced upon him as a last extrern­ high. N ow our litt.le craft would ity. be raised aloft on the SUD1Dlit of 1873·1 .Ll 'l1yphoon off tIle Coast of JClJ)Cl?1. 201

~ ll e of these raging mot ntains of continued until ncar miduight ; water, and in that elevated position w hen the Captain ordered the shi I' would be borne along w ith fearful to bo brought up again into the velocity, several hundred yards; w ind, as w e were well clear of the and then, as if tired of its toy, that shore. hnge wave would travel on, leaving This order filled us all w it h re­ us in tho trough behind, to be the ne wcd hope; and. wit.h one accord sport of the sea that followed it, we knelt down and offered a sin­ which would SerY8 us ill precisely cere-though short and s'ilent­ the same 111:1nnC)l". Every iustaut .: prayer to OUI· Deliverer. brouvht us nearer "a nd nearer to It w ns a sight that will never be ;::) '-' danger. Tho sharp, k-en how 1 of erased from Iny"nlenl0ry. The the w ind ; the thunder-like roar of hoary-bearded seaman who boasted the vessel's rapid movement of having battled with the tern­ through the water ; the deep, Io w, pests for thirty years; the cabin­ ominous sound of the sea breaking boy and the apprentice, who had on the shore, reselnb1ing the report just left father and mother, brothers of heavy artillery, chilled .the very and sisters for the first time, and blood in rny. veins. The Captain who scarcely as yet knew how to stood upon the forecastle, signaling obey; the Captain and other offi­ to the men at the wheel what eel'S who were wont to cornmaud ; course to steer. The remainder of -all knelt down, side by side, re­ the officers and crew were station- gardless of the spray that drench­ ed on different parts of the deck, ed then1,-to offer their homage axes in hand, ready to clear nway and thanksgiving to the one true the wreck, in the event of the God, our only Hope, aud our Deli­ masts 'g oing by.. the board,-a dan- vercr. gel' that seemed almost certain to Yes! The thought of the danger befall us, fl'0111 the short, chopping throngh which we then passed, sea in which w e now were, Not a causes 111e to shudder, even as I word was uttered. Hvcry n13.l1 w ritc ; and I sincerely trust that it uncovered his " head; and the will never be 11]y lot to experience ]O\V, quick muttering of prayers, such another night at sea, showed how thoroughly we all felt To Iny great joy, the gale de­ that our only hope was in Him creased rapidly during the" next who rules the wind and waves, . day; and by evening we were eua- No sooner had we passed one bled to resume our course for San islnnd than another would 100n1 up Francisco, where we arrived safely, . through the 'luist. And thus we aud without further incident. 292- The PassClfle of the Deiaioare rApril

rr.HE PASSAGE OF THE DELAvYARE.

rAP OC1n delivered in the Exhibition Hall of Santa Clara Coll ege, on the 22ncl of February, 18.13,the anniversary of the birth of George Washingtun :]

(ALCIDE L. VEUVE, tst Rhetoric.)

TvVILIGIIT, murky garments weaving, Robes the earth in sol emn brO\V11 : Heavenly stars, the darkness cleaving, Smile o'er mountain, mead and town.

On each roof, and 'wall , and railing Rests the pure and gladsonle snow ; But the sound of human wailing, Seems to augur war and \VOG.

Hail, sweet 1110011, that grandly ris est, Flooding all our land with Jight! Hail, fair land, that dearly prizest Freedom from tyrannic might !

Happy ye who fairy features " Trace in burning coals' bright g!O\\T: But G"od h elp yon wretched creatures Toiling th rough the drifted sn ow !

What are those dark masses, seeming Like' the shadows of the night ? "Vas not that a bayonet, gleallling In the moonbeams' silver light?

File by file, a steady column " Marches past, "with muffled tread; And with faces haught and solem n, Warriors seem they of the dead.

By that stern yet noble manner Which denotes heroic minds,-- By the folds of Freedoms banner, S treaming to the ~Yening ·windtt,- The Passage ofthe Deluioare. 293

By that sign their clothing renders Of a life of want and woe,- \Ve may know our brave defenders, Marching to surprise the foe.

Though tliemselyes protection needing From the cold and biting air; Though their feet be cut and bleeding Crimsoning the EnO\V so fair;

That their purpose is unshaken Can be seen in every eye: Each the finn resolve hath taken :-­ lIe wUl conquer or will die.

At their head, with nobler bearing, Walks the leader of the band, Ilaughty England's vengeance daring, For the freedom of our land.

Murky clouds again are form ing Underneath the starlit sky And the wind, around them storming, Whirls the blinding snow on high.

\Ycary path their feet are treading; Dark the icy Delaware ; For no more the 11100n is shedding Friendly beams to guide them there.

Shall they dare that dangerous crossing, Swollen by the wintry rain? Death, upon the waters tossing, \V ai ts to make their efforts vain.

On the bank the hero pauses: Stays he for that surging tide ? Can it be that danger causes )Wushington to turn aside?

:Ko! Our chief we should be wronging Thought we he'd desert our cause. No! Though round him risks are thronging, 'Tis not fear that makes him pause.

He but prays that God may give them Strength to bear their country's ,vce,­ That His mercy may not leave them, When the morrow brings the foe. 29 -1 .The Paeeaqe of tIle Dclou.are. r.1\ pril

'I'h en each barge, its load receiving Waits the ::lignal to depart,- Fiery brand, thedarkness cleaving :-­ Uhires tho signal! Off they start!

And the flre-brnnd , brightly gleaming Through tl1e dark tempestuous night, Shows t1181n Freedom's banner streamiug, Emblem of our nation's right.

First beneath that glorious.banner-s­ .Jllways first at duty's call-­ Stands our chief, in gallant manner, Giving heart and hope to all.

Stands; and views the arrowy rushing Of the roaring Delaware ; Sees the ice-blocks craslring.c-cruslrlug-c­ By the torch's fitful glare.

Who would panse when freedom urges This wild chance our land to save? :None l though 'neath those foaming surges All should find a watery grave.

'VIla could pause beneath his lC:i-ding,­ "r nshlugton.s--Lhe nation's hope? None ! Each crew, the risk unheeding; 'VUh those wayes would gladly cope.

Suddenly the storm increases; Wilder roars the winter blast; And 1he water seethes and hissos, As it rushes madly past.

IIa! the lightning's angry flashes Now Illume the Northern skies r And the Jiving thunder crash es->­ Roll s afur-i--then, mumbling, di es.

And the waves are fiercely driving On their crests the ice-blocks large; And each one in turn is striving To o'erwhclm the lab'ring barge.

Now the snow-flakes, thickly falling, Scud before the angry blast ; And the sight is heart-appalling Ol the torrent whirling past. 187:tl .77u31!assage oj'the Delaicare.

"~eary hours are spent in crossing; But they reach the friendly shore: And they leave the wild waves tossing' With an angry sullen roar:

And they hear the call to muster, And each hero takes his stand; And as 'neath the flag they cluster, "Foricard l " comes the stern command.

And the sun reveals his corning In the first grey streaks of day, J ust as they, to measured drumming, Once again pursue their way.

And when over Trenton's slumber Burst the bright effulgent sun, With his tints of gold and umber, Sudden spoke-the deep-mouthed gun.

And the Englishman awaking, Met a foe on every hand; And one charge our fathers making, Gained the freedom of the land.

Yes! Amid the cannons' thunder, On that bright immortal morn, 'I'he y have rent the chains asunder Of their children yet unborn.

*

Round the memory of the Master, Twine your wreaths of deathless famo ; Baise his bust in alabaster ; Chant'your preans to his name!

And-s-whcn dangers round us guthCl'­ Should your sinking hearts despair, Call to mind our nation's Father, And the icy Dela "rare. 296 [April

TIlE RISE ()Ii~ ~'IIE TUI-~I{S.

(WM. S. HEREFORD, 13t Rhetoric.)

l-'IIE first traces of this nation, worldly ad vantage, they threw off . which has since fignred so the unbecorning habiliments of the conspicuous]y in the annals of the peaceful shepherd in order to re­ world, are to be found on the place t hem with the warlike harness northern slope of the A lt.ai rang(~, of the bold and intrepid freebooter. and alollg the valleys of the Tau­ And their frequent incursions for gun Mountains, between the Irtysh plunder into the Chinese territory,. and Yenisei I{i vel'S, on tlle coufines and the terror they in-flicted npon of Siberia and China. From t111S the industrious but timid people of . region a portion of them InigTated that ern pir«, clearly prove that this into the country now known as change in the Turk's mode of liv­ Independent Turkistan ; w hile ano­ ing was both suitable and agree­ ther party established t11en18e1 yes able to him, ill the vicinity of Koko-tor, and This branch of the Turkish around the waters of the Hoang­ family, occnpying the north\vest- · 110. ern part of China, received from 11e1'o, for year~, they played the the Chinese the name of "- vile part of humble shepherds, follow­ slaves"; but, whether the epithet . illg the courses of the ri vel'S, the ' was appropriate '0 1' not, it is evi- · valleys of w hich afforded am plo dent from hi story that those" vile pasturage for their flocks and herds, slaves" proved, for a long while, and relying upon the~e and the altogether too powerful for the resources of the chase for their sub­ peace of those w1:10 so stigmatized sistence. them. A small number of their tribes About the middle of the eighth preferred a permanent set.t.lcment, century, however, the eastern ter­ and engaged in agricultuloal pur­ rit.ories 'of the Turks became sub­ suits ; but the greater part were ject to China, and the western to for a.ges nomads. Eventually, Persia, w hich had been conquered however, having been taught by by the Saracens, experience that this 1110de of living It was about this period also was not very conducive to their that the Turks embraced Mahomet- 1873.J Tll~e Rise of the Tur!cs.

anism; a religion that was per­ their leader t11e famous Seldjnk, fectly suited to their ideas of right from w horn they took their name: and wrong, and through the influ­ -"the Seljooks:" ence of 'v hich they were changed But while the Caliphs were ap­ from a tribe of miserable military plauding thcmselves for the cun­ " slaves", into an army of undaunt­ ning measure they had adopted for ed warriors, for whorn the invasion regaining' their authority through of the whole world seemed only the valor and success of their new too little. allies, they were totally unconscious While they , served in the Gapa­ of t'he fact that they would soon city of military slnyes to their con­ meet their own fate from the very querors, they successively supplied source w lICHCe. .t hey were then de­ the Saracens with generals, the ri \'ing such able assistance, The Caliphs with ministers, and finally warlike Seljukian Turks who had the nation with sovereign rulers, fought with such undaunted .cou­ as will be shown. rage and success under the orders About this ti me, the vast monar­ and against the enemies of the chy w hich had been founded by Caliphs, suddenly determined to the Arabs, was going to decay, make a few conquests on their own through the continued iudolcnce of account, and soon subdued the . its rulers ; which had resulted, 110t 'v hole of\\Testern Asia, where they . unnaturally, ill the rebellion of sun­ founded that powerful empire with dry governors of provinces, who which the !Crusaders afterwards had proclaimed their independence. fought so n1any long and bloody In this manucr both ..A..frica and battles for the possession of Pales­ Persia were gradually withdrawn tine. from the rule of the .Abbasidcs ; This empire was di vidcd into and.t o wa rds the Inti er part of the three parts; and during tho twelfth tenth century, the dynasty lost and thirteenth centuries, the 1Vlo­ also the provinces of Palestine and guls sprang into existence, and in Egypt, w here the real or pretended connection with other hordes, des­ descendants of Fatima, a daughter troyed the po\ver of the Seljooks of M ahOll1ct, established theirdom- . in Asia Minor ; but not.withstand­ iuation, ing this check, fresh hordes of an~:rother -rest]e~s It was azainstu these-. Turks, and uncivilized jllvadcl'~ that the Caliphs of Bag- tribes, who hardly knew any other dad, called to their assistance the method of obtaining the necessa­ Turkish tl'iLes who lived in the ries of life than that of war and neigl.1borhoocl of the Caspian sea: plunder, and who resembled de­ warlike nomads who had 'Vall re­ mons rushing forward to claim nown from their exploits under their victims, rather than Inen- 29R 17~e .R ise ofthe l~trks. [April

"continual]y pon 1'(-(1 forth from Tar­ p()\vers in Europe. t ary ana delugc\<1 1he fairest PI"O­ rrhe first of this list of conquer­ v inces of Asia. ors was Orcan, who fixed his resi­ - One of these savnge chieftains, dence in Broussa, the capital of Othman, fl'OlllJrhorn the Turks Bi thynia ; and w hile the feeble derive the narue of Ottomnns, with and degenerate Greeks 'V01"0 still his hordes of some hundred Tartar weakening themselyes by civil dis­ families from tIle Caucasus, pitch­ sensions, t.heTurks, 011 the contra­ ed his ranl)) ill the plains of Hiihy­ ry, by successive COllibillations of nia, under the protection of the their fOl"CC~, daily increased the Seljook Sultan of Icolliuln, · and extent of their dominions. 'fhey l,eillg soon reinforced by robbers, 80011 captured the cities ofPrusiam, runaw"ay slaves and prisoners, 11e .N icomcd ia, and Nice; and then, plundered the surrounding coun­ ·crossing oyer into Europe, began a try, and even succeeded ill wrest­ series of conquests, destined in the ing several provinces of Asia Minor end to make all that quarter of the from the Eastern Elnpil'e of the world quake for its safety. Romans. After the death of his About this t.ime Orcau died, and protector he proclaimed himself was succeeded by 1\rnurat.h, · who Sultan; and thus, unobstructed by strengthened the po\ver of his the weak and divided Byzantines, empire still more, l,y organizing a he founded upon the ruins of the valiant infantry known in history Saracen, the Seljook and l\Iugul by the 11::11ne of "the Janizaries." powers-s-about the year l:~OO- the This body of troops, w hich resent­ empire of the Ottoman 'I'urks in IJled in almost every respect that Asia-s-a po\vor whose restless sub­ of the Pn:etori~Hls at Itome under jects were soon destined to pitch t he Emperors, was formed chiefly their tents even in the sacred coun­ of Christian sla ves, brought up tl"y of ] Iomer of Solon, and of fl"0111 their boyhood ill the Mahom­ Peric"lcs. etnn faith and in the practice of Othman reigned snprenle for the arms ; and these, coml.iued ns they '3p:lce of about twenty-seven years, were with a -regular tl"OOP of caval­ and after him, through the great ry called "Spadis,' \vhi(~h had been courage and poli<:~y of S01110 'of his formed under Ore-an but im proved imrnediate successors, w ho were by his successor, seemed as invin­ auimatcd not only by fuunt.icism ciblc ns the I .. acedremouiau phalanx hut also hy a passion for military of old" It. was chi-fly indeed by glory, the Ottomnn Empire, which menus of these powerful and well had such a bloody cradle, gre\y disciplined troops that Amurat h hoth ill strengt.h and size until it gained his n~\lnerOHS and famous became one of the first militruy victories over the lInngnrians, Scr- 18730] 77le Rise ofthe 'lil1'k~~. 209

vians, and other nations of eastern -call0d him hack to Asia, where, Europe, who lind united their for­ in the battle of Ancyra, more than ces to oppose 11 is progn:~!'so a million warriors contested the ..After his death he was succeeded empire of the world, and where by Bajazet 1., known in history Bnjazet was conquered and made under the surname of" Ilderi111"­ prisoner. lightning -fin e}Jithet gaillcd on The defeat of Bnjazet had, it is account of tho rapidity of his con­ true, saved Constantinople from quests, and the uncommon quick­ that intrepid warrior ; but still. it ness with which he passed from was Hot sa ved from the Turks as a Europe to Asia, and from Asin uation ; because they soon reap­ to Europe. He, like his predcoes­ peared in the field of battle, as 811rK, had discovered the weakness fierce, as undaunted and as po,ver­ of the Eastern Empire and the ful as ever. divisions of the \V"estern; and as After the death of Mahomet I., Asia ])0 longer feared a crusade, \V 110 had succeeded Bajazet, and he invaded Thessaly, and advanced w ho died in 14:!1, his son, the wise towards Constantinople; w hich, and valiant Arnurath II., succeeded however, for certain reasons of him on the throne, and renewed policy and prudence he did not yet hostilities against the Greeks, attack; though he made its su b­ Hungarians, and other Christian 111'bs the limit of the Greek Enlpire. nations; and notwithstanding the 'I'he unfortunate Ernpcl'or . wrote occasional losses and defeats he ninny letters to the Christian rulers met with, he a.t last gained a deci­ ofEnrope for assistance, and finally ded advantage over his enemies in succeeded in ohtaining what he so the famous baulo of Va-ua, 1444. much desired; though, alas ! to no The cause of Christendom suffered. . r purpose ; because such discord and more from this battle than ever be­ jealousy reigned in the 1":1u1'.s of his fore; because it not only opened a allies tha t when I~ajazet met the ,vide field to the enterprising; Turks Clnistiaus under SigisllllllHl, king hut reduced yery materially the of Bohemia aud Hungary, at Nico­ .rcsour ces of Constantinople. polis in Bulgaria, lie defeated them, " Then the terrible Mahomet II., slaying ten thousand of their the son and successor of Amurath troops, II, appenred, it vwas hut to corn­ All t rem bled at tlle approach of plete the work of conquest by tile t110 victorious Sultan; find the capture of Constantinople. 'I'he Greek 'capital would probably have study of ancient history, combiu­ pl'oYed an easv prey to him, had cd .,vitli his religious fanaticism and not the advancinz arms of Turner­ natural ferocity, 11n<1 inspired him lane-a conqneror equal to himself with ·t h e ambition of «qnalling 300 The Rise of tite lurks. [.&~pri1

Alexander the Great. No sooner, ~to render which promise more therefore, had he grasped the scep­ sac red, he sw 0 re "by the eternity tre laid down by his father than he of Goel, by the four thousand P1~0- determined to take possession of phets, by. the soul of hie fathe1· this last remnant of the Greek ern­ Arnurath, Iiis oum. cliildren, and pire, his sioord ;" upon which all ex­ The siege of Constantinoplo 00111­ claimed : "God is God, and Ma­ menced in 1453 ; and that city was hornet is his prophet." soon surrounded by a fleet of three The last day of the Greekempire hnndred_and twenty vessels, and a had now arrived ; for the.Turks, land force of three hundred thou­ animated by their usual wild fana­ sand men, not less ferocious nor ticism, and roused to frenzy by the less determined .t h an their leader. exhortations of their chief and the After :1 few weeks of siege, d ur­ hope ofvictory and plunder, fought ing which time there . was much throughout the battle with a sort bloodshed on both sides, the final of desperation peculiarly their O,Vl1, assault was fixed for tho 2Dth of and, notwithstahding that the city }\fay; and at dusk on the eve of was most ably defenc1ed,at last that day, tho Turkish soldiers were succeeded in gaining their point. commanded to assemble, each with After a few days, the Turkish a torch at the extremity of his sultan took . solemn possession of lance or scimetcr. .Mahomet ap-. Constantinople, which thencefor­ . peared before them, a'nd gave a ward remained .t he· capital of the promise, that if successful in their Turkish dominions. From this undert.aking of tho nl0ITO\V, he date we may consider the Ottoman would allow them the privilege of Empire as firmly established. plundering the city for three days;

• 187a.] Gl~npou)der: Its Discovery, etc. 301

GUNIlOvVDER: rrs DISCOVEl~Y,~IANUF.t\.Cl'Ul{E AND USES

(HER1.IANN B. PEYTON, Mental Philosophy.)

CHAP. lI.-Its .1.tl:anufacture.

N ancient times, gnnpo\vder''''as vpry closely resornbling saltpetre I made by hand; nor was it in its properties-may be rsuccess­ .unt il the lapse of many centuries fully substituted for the latter, in that its manufacture attained tho the coarser kinds of powder, N ow

4 degree of perfection which now there is but one objection to this - characterizes it. W ere we to corn- salt: namely, that it is a very pare the rude ullgranulated gnn- ,gl eedy absorber of moisture, and powder used by the Chinese, Ifill' oousequeut.ly can be made use of doos and Arabs, with the mav nifi- only in dry climates, Californi;i cent explosive compound which at possesses such a climate, and t111S the present day bears that name fact, together with the comparative among us, \VO should find vcry cheapness of the substance, has little similarity between the two ; caused it to he largely used inoul~ except, indeed, in the one essential powder works, point, that t.l.ey both consist of the The maunfacture of gunpo\vder, same substances. . then, is neither more nor less, than As it will no doubt interest the the mechanical mixture of the three ~ Californian reader more, to learn substances: saltpetre (or nitrate of . how gunpo,vder is made in hisown soda), sulphur and charcoal. 'This State, than how it is made else- mixture 111Hst be perfect, however, w here ; and as, n101'eOV81", the va- and to attain this end, the ingre­ riations in its manufacture are not clients must be subjected to a great, I shall direct Iny remarks variety of treatment, which I shall more particularly (tllongh not ex- presently endeavor to explain. elusively) to the processes adopt- . The first great requisite in the ed here. manufacture of good powder, is A preliminary remark is necessa- that the materials employed be ry, concerning a change which perfectly pure. There should be modern science has snggested with no chlorides or foreign matter of respect to the ingredients of t111S . a~y kind in the saltpetre or nitrate explosive. It has been discovered of soda; no sulphurous acid in the that nitrate of soda-a 811bstance sul phur-hence refined rolled sul- 302 GU?lJJOUJc!er: Its Discorcry, [April phnr is generally used; and Iastly, ch arcoal Irorn the retorts. The the charcoal 11111St be made with charcoal thus produced coustitntes the greatest care and attention. between t.hirt y-five and fort y per Let us fi rst consider th is last cent. of the whole aI1101111t of wood, point. is ent.irely free from impurities, The wood employed should pos­ and is very beant.iful ; since it is sess these t\VO qualities: it should burnt nniformly throughout, and yield the least possible quantity of retuins the exact shape of the wood, ash, and it should be of such a There is a. certain kind of churcoal, nature as to rnake soft charcoal. much used ill some powder-works, The willow, alder and madronia are called carbon rouse. It is very soft, the best woods "'"C have for the reddish brown in color, and is ob­ purpose in this country. III France tained by keeping the ternperature, and Gl\rnlany the wild plum tree -d uring burning, as low as possible - ]S lunch employed ; and ill Englallel Let us now take a glance at the the willow, poplar, horse-chestuut saltpr tre and nitrate of soda, both and alder are the woods 1110st fre­ of which (but. 1110re particularly quently used in powder works. the latter) are totally unfit, in the The process of burning is con­ state in which they come from ducted as follows, The wood, hav­ market, to enter into Ole cOlnposi-. ing been cnt and split into suitable tion of gnnpo\vder. }{efining 1:-; lengths, is packed closely in Iarge absolutely necessary. And conse­ cy lindrical iron retorts, w11 ich are quently every gunpowder factory then hermetically closed, except at is fitted with an establishment for t heir further ends, w here vents are this pnl'pose. The crude sult is placed. The retorts are set in rna­ poured into large copper-lined sonry; and as soon as all is ready, tunks, and jets-of steam are direct­ a fire is built under them. 'rile ed upon it. rrhese speedily reelnee heat speedily acts on the wood ; ,t he whole n1:1.88 to a boiling soln­ and fumes containing, at first, tion ; and the grosser impurities, water, with acetic and carbonic such as sticks, straw, sand, etc., acids, and later, creosote, and the conring to the S~l1'f:lce, are removed various other prodnets of distilled by skimming : after wliich the wood; pass off throngh the YentR,. solution is drawn off into large and thence escape in to the air shallow - tronghs and allowed to by means of chimneys, After cool. When this has been done, a t irne nothing but pure carbon all the saltpetre (or nitrate of soda) remains ; and when the workmen is found crystallized, the impurities perceive, by the color of the s1110k{l, relnaining in the solution, The that this stage is reached, they ex­ salt is now 'Yell washed and drain­ tinguish the fires .and take the cd, after which it is dried on iron 18-73.) .1Jf(tnufactrure and Uses. 303 plates over a slow fire, and ground stamps are moved by machinery, to a fine powder between mill­ and make from forty to sixty beats stones. With regard to the sul­ a minute. The substances to be pliur, it usually needs no refining; pulverized are placed in mortar­ being obtained in a sufficiently shaped cavities in a solid block of pure state to be used without allY oak wood, each cavity containing such process. fi om sixteen to twenty pounds. Thus far I have only spoken of This contrivance, however, is the preparation of the in.qred-ients adopted only in small powder­ of powder ;I now come to its works.' manufacture proper, the operations III the mills of Switzerland, the of which include: (1) the pulver­ lJu1vprizing is effected by means of izing of the materials ; (2) their in­ hammers. timate mixture, and the rnoistening. \Vhen the ingredients in their of suoh mixture ; (8) the caking or pulverized condition are brought prcssing ; (4) the granulation; (5) to the. mixer, they are carefully the drying; (6) the polishing or weighed in proportions suitable to . glazing. In order to pulverize the the quality of powder to be made, rnaterials (or rather-to speak.more Sporting powder is genel'ully, correctly-the charcoal and sul­ mixed, very nearly according to phur, since the saltpetre is powder­ these numbers : 74,84 of saltpetre, ed by means of mill-stones] they to IJ.s4 of sulphur and 13.32 of are placed in separate ~T liuders, charcoal. together w it.h a numher of cast Ordinary powder, such as that iron or copper balls, varying from used for blasting, varies from these the size of canister to that of grape proportions in respect to its arnount shot; the cy Iinders are set in mo­ of charcoal, which is increased, tion by steam or water po\ver; the while that of the other t\VO sub­ balls within them mix with the stances is dimiuished. The mix­ material, crushing and grinding it ; ing is effected in a manner very and after a fe\v hours' revolution similar to that used in the pulvel' it is completely powdered, izing room, except that wooden Stamping mills are sometimes halls are used instead of iron or used instead of these revolving brass ones. cylinders, "F'requcutly," Bays ]\:1)'. Great care mnst be taken when vVagner, an eminent German scien­ the materials are brought to this tist, "froln ten to t wel ve stamps, department, that they be perfectly made of hard wood, are placed in free from foreign matter ; for a a -ro w, each stamp being f tted little sCI'ap of metal or a few gr~ins wit h a bronze shoe, and the entire of sand, mixed wi th then), ,:})llen weight 1.>eillg about 1 cw t, 'The combined, lllight lje the cau se O '~ 304; [April

a~'l explosion ,that 111 ight injure or The amount used must he regulat­ kill n1011 and ruin property. ed by the t.empera.ture of t.he ail"; 1Vere the powder to catch . fire for it is clear that water will eva­ after leaving t 1118 mill it would porate 11101'e quickly on a warm burn rapidly, hut ill con~eqnellce day than on a cold one. If too »f the imperfect mix ture of its in- . much water, however, is used, the grec1iellts, would not explode. In powder will cake aud st.ick to t he the- '" \~rhecl mills " as they are wheels, and thus ht~ spoiled, called, however, it becomes real 'I'hus we see that the t wo ex­ though unfinished powder ; 'a nd it tremes 11111st be avoided, and that is here, o\ving to the nature of the the powder under the wheels must machinery, that the sTcat majority neither be too wet nor too dry: of explosions takes 'place, not.w ith­ the workmen's attention must be ~talldillg the care that is ,taken to constaut.ly concentrated npon it. avoid them, 'I'his will be plain 13nt ' still, notw ith~taildillg t.his, from what I am about to say. accidents as I have said before, These mills consist essentially of frequently happen in this depart­ a cast iron bed, over which re­ ment, volves a pCi'il' of wheels of the sumo When the powder is taken from metal, ,veiglling about seven tons the bed, it is thoroughly mixed and a half path. Enough powder and ready f01: pressing. This ope~ from themixer is placed upon this ration is a most importnut one, for bed 'to cover it completely, t'hough . it is obvious, that the grpnt.el· the not thickly; and the wheels are pre~snr.e the gtfluter will be the made to travel over it, f01· ::L length acti ve materia1 prescllt in a gi ven of time proport.ioned to the qnan~ hulk, and hence the la.rger the tity of powder to be made. Blast­ volume of gas given off by the ing powder usually requires about hllrlling powder. If powder w vre t.wo ;110U1"8. rrhe' powder is kept sent to market without having nlways under the wheels by means been S11 hjeeted to prpssnn~, it . of a system of plows w hich 1l10Ve would act ns a detonating ex plo­ with them ; and it must also he si ve, the decornposii.ion heillg in­ kept n1018t, for otherwise the st.antnncous th ronghollt the whole \veight of the w heels would cause mass. Hydraulic presses are uRe(l it to slida from before them, rind ill this depart men t., t.ll(~ powder they would strike 111e bed, thus being sn lJjeeted to thorn between almost certainly causing "a n explo­ sheets of canvas and cappel". r-rhe sion, The water used to moisten cakes are about the hard ness of sporting powder must be (li~t ilhl(l, clay slate, and 3.1·e hal f - an in order to exclude the salts which inch thick, and a foot and a uudistilled water usually contnins, foot and a half-or Inore-sqnare., 187:L1 .JIan'l~fucture Cl}lcl [!ses. 30.)

"In French and German powder­ w hich a piece of parchment is works," Rny~ l\lr.\Vagnel', "t.he com­ stretched, which 1S perforated w it.h pression is «ff ct ed in a l'olling-nlill : holes: au: 1 they are provided with the rollers having" a diamet P1' of a so called "ratnrner,"-a leusshap­ 0.0 .of a metre, The lower roller is ed disc of hard wood. T'he powder made of wood, the uppeI' of bronze; w hen placed in the sieves for gran­ between tIle t\VO all endless piece ulution, is in broken pi('(~e~; but of stout linen is arranged, and the mot .io.i of the machine causes npon this, moist r~owder is planed," it to hill into grains through 't he Wnnt of spaee COllI pels us to holes in the pnrchment, the ram­ leave this point-alt.hough much Iller ,vorking ouit above, remains yet to be said upon it-:­ Clullnpy's method, by which a' and follow the cakes to the c07Ytin,q very' round-grained powder is ob­ 01" .r/ranulutin,q mi ll. This granu­ tained, is that "Vhich I am now lat.iou III ay l;e coud ucted in three about to describe, 'I'hrouuh the w'ays: (1) hy means of rollers; (:~) hollow axis of a wooden d nun is by' means of sieves, and (;3) accord­ carried a copper tube.. perforated ing to Cham py's method. 'I'he with \'ery smull holes, from which first ,vay is that most generally water, in the form of fine spray employed, and indeed is the oue spouts upon the broken np PO\V­ used here in California. The nut­ dcr-cuke placed in the drum, t? e~line consists of three pairs of which a rotatory motion of mode­ brass rollers, about O.6.~ of a metre rate rapidity is imparted, Each in dinmeter, and provided with drop of water forms the n nolens of projections t\VO nrillimetros high; a grain of powder ; and every such those on" the Uppel" rollers being grain " i ~ constantly incrensing in larger t.hau those on the lower size, through being turned around ones, rrhe ,cake is supplied to ill the 11l:1:-:'S of damp cuke. The the upper rollers by hand, and, rotation oft.he drum is discontinued passing through them, is granu­ ns soon H.R the grain' has attained a lated and showered upon t\VO sets sufficient size. of sieves, to which a to-and-fro Let lIS no w p~y a short visit t~ motion is impurted. The properly the d ryillg dr-partmeut, to w hicil gt-anulated powder passes through tlle roughly f()'rined grallules ot~ the meshes of these sieves at once; powder are brought as soon as" and that w hich remains is again' formed. Here we find a largo submitted to t.he rollers. ]'(')0111, heated e-ither hy steam, or The granulation l)y means of bv a dome of sheet iron placed in: sieves, is carried on in the follow­ tl'le middle of the floor, under iug mann»r, The sieves consist of which a. charcoal fire is kept burn­ a circular wooden frame, across illg. The powder, spread on trays, 306 . Gunpoioder : Its .Discovery, [April is placed around the walls of this The blastln.q, cannon, fuse, and. room, the doors are closed, and it other ordinary varieties of powder, is left to itselfuntil the last vestige are packed in air-tight keg:.;, tarred of moisture lias disappeared, when within and varnihsed without, it is carried to the glaze, there to which contain twenty-five pounds undergo the last operation to which each. Sporting-powder is packed it has to . submit before being either in kegs or in canisters of packed, various sizes, The operation of dryin,g requires "Ve have now followed guupo,v­ great care; and the value of the del' through the various stages of powder very much depends on how its manufacture ; not as perfectly, this process is conducted. I will indeed, as I could have wished, mention only t\VO of the evils but still, I hope with sufficient ac­ which result from too quick drying. curacy, to -give a general idea of The first is that, by the too rapid the process adopted. By way of evaporation of the ' water, cracks conclusion, it Inay not be inappro­ are often made in the grain, which priate for tue to make a few gene­ impair its density, increase its size, ral remarks on th e construction of and render it very }~ygroscopic; the mills, the second, that rapid drying The framework of the building canses a large amount of aust; a is usual]y made of massive and t.hing which is al \vays to be avoid­ heavy tirn bel's; while the walls, on ed . . the contrary, consist only of clap­ The end aimed at in glazing, is boards, loosely fastened to them. to impart symmetry and polish to This method of building is adopted the grain. This is effected by in order that the least possible re- means of revolviog .eylinders, very -sistance Inay be offered to explo.. similar to those used in the "mixer", sions, 'Vere the walls and root except that they are lined with securely nailed in their places, t.he 1 blankets. The powder is placed volume of gas generated by the wi thin them, and caused to revolve burning powder, would be confin­ for some hours, during which the ed, and consequently, when it friction of t he grains against one overcame the resistance, it would another, and against the blankets, throw fragments to a very great gives them a polish. Sometimes a distance, and create a tremendous little black-lead is added to blast­ concussion, destroying everything ing powder, to make this polish around. As it is, however, the more brilliant. least puff blows a11 these loose After glazing, the powder is boards aside, and leaves the frame sorted by means of a system of standing. . sieves, and sent to the pack house. The mills are built as far apart. Man~ifacture and Uses. 307

as spaee will permit ; and trees are and t11e tops of the chimneys are cultivated detween them. '1'111S is provided with caps of fine wire­ to prevent a general explosion gauze, to prevent the cseape of w hen one mill happens to blow up. Hying sparks or ashes. The trees serve the purpose of In gnnpo\vder. factories, too breaking the concussion on such nlany precautions ea~ln()t be taken. occasions. It is dreadful to think of the injl'iry Tram\vay.s, provided with rails to life, limb and property, w hich for the powder-cars, conuect one such slight causes as a flake of hot portion of the works with' another, ashes as light as snow, or a pebble , } and afford an ea~y means of carry­ no bi::ger than a pin's head, will ing the material from place to place; produce. besides enabling the workmen Space and t.ime forbid me from to avotd walking on the ground, proceeding further with this sub­ which might probably be the ject, upon which, as the reader will means of causing an explosion, on perceive, so Innch can be said. I account of the grit and dust on rnay be allowed, however, in con­ their shoes. Lastly, all ~H-e machi­ clusion, to express a hope that I nery is (it possible) run by water­ have so far interested IllY readers power. The use of steam implies as to indnee those of them who also the use of fire; and this is but nlay have the opportunity, to visi• a treacherous corn panion for gun­ some powder factory, and inspect, powder, If it Blust be used ", how­ themselves, the processes 'Y hich I ever, the boiler houses are placed have endeavoured to explain, at a great distance from the works,

"1 r ( 70 be continued in our next.) Editu,"s 'lhble. IApril

EI)rrOI '~'S 'r,A.BI~E.

<)NVEN'TltYNS.- Conventions­ lege '? If he, 1·1 pon a calm consider­ C, i are very good t.l: ings in the! 1· ation, does 110t ellal·lge his opinion ,vay, 110 doubt, There are, at the 011 the matter, let 'him st art a pa­ prescut clay, oonventiuns' of labor, })or as soon as ' he gets out, and ot ihe pl'<:':-:':--\) of capital; and there "edit" to his heart's cont.eut ; hut are con ven t.ious of''school-ma'ams" let him not rashly try to seduce the and of a gl't'at lllany other kinas of fraternity of college editors, who people, who find pleasure 01· profit certainly have a surfeit of the ill 11lcetiilg one another in their "high honors of office" during official cupacity. N O\V we do not their regular terms, to waste a object ill tIle least to a.1l0\Villg "reek, or perhaps even two weeks, these people to meet, and muke of their valuable vacation in 311Y­ speeches, and all that sort of thing, thing w hatever that will remind because ' we Ruppose they like it; them of College. Does he irnagille and iuuocent uuiuscments are a.l­ that mnnkiud was created for 1he ,vays to bccountcnnnccd. But, 10 purpose of hearing . and nlaking and behold! some trauscendeut speeches and editihg e'ollege papers? genius; who undoubtedly has edi­ Do('~ h« thiuk (hat even editors tor-o u-the-brai. !, has proposed. a would 110t go crazy at all the un­ con veution ofCollege Editors. 'Ve bearable college speeches and jrnagille we see the editors of the poenls and jokes that would he VirE,inia Uuiversity l\fagazine, who there perpet.rated ? And last, seem to he, if we may j ndge them thongh perhaps not least, let him by tlu-ir own statements, constit.n­ think of the vast number of eig-a­ tionally timid, to an excess, tremb­ ret.tes, sodas, etc., w hicl: Inight be ling at every rustle of calico, for fear bought with the five or six hun­ of rneeting some fair Vassarit.e. 'Ve dred dollars of traveling expenses imagine-c-but no! the scene that required by each delegate. arises in OUI· Blind is too hnrassing ; we cannot describe it. Need we Tuoste of the old students w 110 say that we were surprised to meet are- not subscribers, and who see snell 'a proposition-i-to see that the present number are reminded r'iere was even one student in the of their dnty to subscribe for their 'U nited States that wanted more College :Thiagnzine. of editorshiP than one yeariu Col- Editor'» .Table. a09

,~-r}1~ publish with the present congratulated each other, nnd the number, a list of personal iicms, pet owl that resides within our oonccming the former students of ~ sanctum (which, by the " ray, is the College. "1'e are sure that it w ithin a few feet of the' press) is will meet with the approhation of said to have winked a joyful w iuk­ the old "college bOYR"; for they LWc " rill state, however, 111 justice will certainly be glad to hear occa­ to oursel\,P8, that we do not place sionally of those whom they see no much reliance on this l:t~t assertion ; more. Of course we cannot be because, on miuut« iuvcst.igatiou­ expected.to know \vhere everybody we have found that the bird is a . is ; and we shall therefore sincerely stuffed one, and that the eye~ are thank everyone who will write all<1 glass.] "rIte machine was filially tell us where he is himself, or put np in its place, and set to work ,,,here' his friends an'. Bv t his on the first forms of the present menus the O\VL will contain a sort number of the O'VL, which were of monthly letter to all · the old then "read y for pres~. It was boys, which we hope will pleasant­ ahnost impossible for us to write ly remind them of College days. in the room in which we now sit, whilst the old press was workiug, RI~ADE.R, rejoice with us; for no But 110\V -we serlhble a'vay with 3lt more will YOllI· eyes be offended by our might, whilst the" Globe" is the sight of unevenly printed' noiselessly working off the sheets pages. 1311t yon cannot appreciate of the O\VL at the rate of a thou­ our teelillgs on the subject, \\T e­ sand an hour. . that is our heart8~arc too full for utterance. 'Ve can only muse in N rrw EXCIIANGEs.-l'he T7assa14 silence upon the "devil" as he sits, 1I1i8cellany published by the stu­ cornplacently turning' a crank, for dents of Vassar Qollege, (female) he is IlO\V "the mau at the wheel." is a most welcome visitor, We .But hold! YV·e forgot, in our ex­ "rill say, for the benefit of -our citemcnt to tell you the cause of California readers who nlay not our I'Pj()iein.~. Tll ~' U(lll(ig'l~ Print­ have seen it, that it is replete with ing Office has ~ new press. It ar­ good sense and sparkling with wit, ri ved on the 24th of March, The and that its pages . make a good d-(that is a certain unmen­ Sll0\V1 ng for t.he institution in tionable individual) stood on his which it is published. head for joy, ' which operation ne- · Neotoson lleview, is the ti tIe cessitated him to consign the" pi " of a four-page ruonthly, \T"01. 1. No. caused by it, to a certain unmeu­ 1 of w hich has reached us. It tionablo place; the foreman, the comes.from the University of Cali­ pl'CSSlnall, and all the compositors fornia, and is published by the N e- 31.0 Editor's Jable. [April olrean Literary Society. N eolreans, Yale Courant. New Haven, Yale Record. "" we wish you success, Cornell Collegian. ~1t. Vernon, Iowa, 1T niversity Reporter. Iowa City, " Simpsonian. Indianola, .E~ho rfHE UniversUy has en­ Algona Collegian. Algona larged itself to the size of eight Iowa Classic. Mt. Pleasant, Annalist. Albion College, Mich. pages. vVe congratulate it. Express. Olivet, " 'Virginia University Magazine. Univer- sity, Va. BELO'V we gi ve a list of our ex­ Academv Journal. Alexandria, Va. cha,lIges at the present tirne : ColJp,ge Days, Ripon, w». Westminster Monthly. Fulton, Missouri. COLLEGE. Central Col legian. Fayette, " Hesperian Student. Lincoln, Nebraska, Vassar Miscellany. Poughkeepsie, N.Y. Packer Quarterly. Brooklyn, College Journal. Georgetown, D. C. Cap and Gown. Columbia College, FOR-EIGN. Hamilton Lit'y Monthly. Clinton, Oxford ITndergraduates' ' J ournal. Ox- Acorn. Newburgh Institute, ford, England. Index Niagarensis. Susp'ns'n Bridge, " Tyro. Canadian Literary Institute, Lafayette Monthly. Easton, Penn. . Woodstock! Ont. Herald. Lewisburgh, " Dalhousie Gazette. Halifax, Nova Scotia. Journal. Pittsburgh, Academy. Erie, Follo\ving are "the outside pe­ lYlcI{endree Repository. Lebanon, Il1. 'I'ripod. Evanston, ., rio'clieals with which we exchange: Blackburn Gazette. Carlinville, Overland Monthly, California Art College Courier. Monmouth, Gallery, Catholic Guardian, Monitor, ·Volante. Chicago, California Farmer, Nationalist, Literary Georgia Collegian. Athens, Ga Journal, and Demosthenic Monthly, in J\fil1s Quarterly. Brooklyn, Cal. San Francisco. Mercury , Agricnlturist, University Echo. .Oakland, " San J OSB. Catholic Sentinel, Portland, N eolreau Heview. " ' " Oregon. New York School Journal, Wabash Magaziuc. Crawfordsville, Ind. American Newspaper Reporter, New Notre Dame Scholastic. Notre Dame, ., York Tablet, New York City. vVest Brunonian. Providence, R.I. End Journal, Rochester, N. Y. American Magenta. Cambridge, Mass. Journalist, Philadelphia. Messenger of Harvard Advocate " ., the Sacred Heart, Md. Yonng Crusader, College Arg-us. Middletown, Conn, Boston. U. S. Catholic Register, Balti- 'I'rinity Tablet. Harvard, ., 1110re, 11:0.. ' 1873.,1 1(lIe lvote8. 311

IDLE

""IIE birthday of onr Presivision distinguished themselves. as he spoke, there was not a stu­ Mr. Coddington the winner of the dent amongst all those who clus­ first prize, left- :.5 feet 8 inches be­ tered around, 'Y ho did not wish tween the starting point ' and his 312 lApril heel marks; and Mr, A. Veuve This gentleman was 1\1r. A. Veuve. took the second prize with 14 feet 1\1:1ste1" E. Auzerais gained this 9 inches. 1\'11'. P. Soto gained the prize among the little fell~\vs. prize among the younger students ; The sports of the mornmg were and after him came Mr. Stonesifer. now finished; ana straight to the After the running jump, the hop, washroom ran the contestants, skip andjump was in order. Great longing for ·cold water and hair­ agility was shown in this also; :LVIr. brushes. Soon these desires were 1\1. Walsh, among the elder stu­ satisfied; and then each young gla­ dents. took the first prize, clearing diator threw himself on the grass, 39 feet ~ inches ;. and IVI}'. J. Eld­ in the shade .of the trees, and al­ riedge followed him, with 38 feet 10 lowed his thoughts to wander, to a inches. The successful contestants more alluring if not more romantic of the Second Division were spot-the dinner table. Messrs, Hanley and C. Sheridan. The dinner was worthy of the The high jump, which was the day; . an d the boys \yero· worthy last thing on this portion of the of the dinner: so there was perfect programme, passed off, leaving Mr. ' harmony everywhere. As soon as ]-'urlong, among the large boys, the good things which loaded the and Mr. Sheridan of the Second tables had received something like Division, winners of the respective justice, the first regular toast;"I'he prizes. . Day we Celebrate," was proposed The ground was now cleared for by ]\ill·. J. Carrigan. 1\1r 1\.. Veuye, the foot races. The contestants being called upon to respond, arose for the race of 7[j yards, took their next, and made a neat little speech. places, and stood eagerly expect­ 1\'11". Friedlander then . proposed ing the start. Soon it came; and "the Health of the Rev, Fr. Varsi," down through the double line of which was drunk with a hearty boys like antelopes, they flew, good will by all. Fr. Varsi made cheered on' by the applause of their a few appropriate remarks in reply; excited comrades. Mr. A. Arg-nello, after which Mr. A. Arguello pro­ the best of the Senior Division, posed the health of "OUl" Invited made the distance in 8 seconds; Guests," and called npon the Hon. and among the little fellows, Mr. C. T. Ryland, «f San J oS8, to res­ P. Soto took the prize. pond. Mr. Ryland spoke at some Immediately after this came the length upon the prosperous condi­ mile race against time, It was tion of the College, and called our now about eleven o'clock, and the thouahts back to the early days sun was shining quite warmly ;'bnt w herf good lTather Nobili laid its still this did not prevent 111Uny fonndations, and planted the seed from entering the course, On they from which has sprung so noble an plodded, round after round, strag­ institution. He was frequently in­ glers dropping off at every turning terrupted by the - applause of the point, till at last only one gentle­ cOlupany; and his remarks ,vere,.in man, out of the large number who truth, most interesting. When he had started, remained running. By had ,concluded, 1\11". V. Mc'Clatcliy the decision of the judges, he was proposed the fourth regular toast, allowed to discontinue the .race ; "Santa Clara College." JYIr. Del and the prize was awarded to him. Valle, made some well chosen re- 1873.] hlle Notes. 313 marks in repl:y., }Ir~ ' : J?l'isac then eel n1any .to seek th~ ' l al~ of mother' rose,'and 'proposed t~e last 'reg lll a r,. earth. "'Te noticed two gentlenl(~n toast, "the O\VL." Mr, Poujade' who started to run this race 'on, answered to this; and whenhe bact' mnsicaii1rinciples, keeping time., finished, 1\11'. Peyton rose, and gave. with th~ir 'feet to the tnne. .' Thev the health of the Rev. Fi·. Young. ]:eceivecl the most inglorious fall (;'f No toast' was received with 'more , ail. ' ~Iessi·s. I{ohles~ and Machado genel~al enthusiasm than thi~ was, were the winners, ," ' I~oudly clinked ' t he' glasses down . 'I'he wheel-harrow race carne the lines of tables; ' hearty 'were next. I ':F01"' thIs' the contestants ~ the tones in which the name of our w(lre blindfolded, alid',tIlen started absent Professor was .pronounced ;' with their faces 't owards tJH,~ goal. ' and as each student drank, his , r~'he circlesand triangles made by thousrhts wandered far away across' 1110st of them were wouderful to the ~ontinellt to the',coliege 'at/ b~Jiold. 'rhe victor was ~last€r E. which he who is so much endeared Aozerais, ' to' us all, is no w residing. . A mo- . At this juncture.T'rofessor ~~. C. ' tion 'w as now made tha't all' those E. "V ile, made his ,way into'; the , in "LetterA" .should be' excused. play-ground, holding' a larg~ tissue­ It is unnecessary to add that this paper balloon. " This 'he inflated' was carl..ied uuanimously, ' \vith th~ fUl11eS of fl)idt~ of ,wine ; : After dinner, an honrwas spent and it rose gl'a.clnally high 'in the in rest, .and then the SPOI'~S rC-COIll- air, and floated oft" in the direction menced. ', of N ew Almaden. ""Ve have not The throwing and catching' were ascertained where.it landed.: taken up f I'St; but as these exer- As soon as the balloon disappear- - cises ',vere comparatively uninter- e~ in the distance, our attention esting, we shall not go into details was called to lowlier things by tho about them.' . letting ' loose of a greased pi,~ The sack-race, however, ,vhieh ' The animal was given 100 ,vards st~rt; ~-jth came immediately afterwards, was and then, a roar, el hot h, llighly amusing. Imagine, if you divisions rushed pell-mell after can, thirty ~r forty young gentle- him. But, alas; ' the pig showed men, plunged up to their necks in no " garrfe'!" He would 110t run ; , long gunny-sacks, and ill' that guise ' 311d consequently, hi less time than running a ra-ce! 1\S soon as the . it takes to tell it, he was' buried word was given to start, they set under a pile of boys twenty deep. off with a gait very much resern- No sooner had theJast gJ"unt of · hling that of a hobbled horse. Be- poor piggie died a,vay thantJle yard . fore three steps had been taken, was cleared for foot-hall; fifteen of 1110st . of them lay, like so nutny t.he First Division playing against! knights in a.rtuor, "flat on th~ir the whole of the little fellows. The backs, and totally unable to rtse big boys , fought nobly, and for a ; agallJ. A few, however, kept their , long t.ime kept the ganle in sus­ feet; and, among them, J\;IJ". S. pen~e; hnt thev struggled acainst

Fellom was the first to reach the fearful odds. eI The .. fittle f;}lo,vs goal. ' , surrounded them clustering like The three-legged race was very ants on every side, and bringing similar to the last, and, like it, cans- up fresh men at every IDo111ent, till 314 tA pril at length they succeeded in forcing loud "encore" he sang again, and the ball to their goal. gave much pleasure to everyone, A . Iarg e pole which had been A dialogue entitled "Arit.hmetic erected in the middle of the yard, versus the Classics" was next deli­ ,v:~s now greased, various tempting vered, hy Masters Willie Davis and prIzes were placed on the top, and J. Auzerais. Both of these young the lists were thrown open to those gentlemen diel very well. w ho wished to climb. After many Some selections from N orrna fruitless efforts, one little boy suc­ were then rendered in beautiful ceeded in gaining the top, and then style by 1\11'. J. L. Ca.rrigan, 011 the 111Uny followed hirn ; for he had violin. This gelltlelnan promises rubbed off the grease, and without to become a master, at no very it the task was comparatively easy. distant day. Before this amusement, which "S\veet Spirit hear my Prayer," stood last on the progranl1uc, carne by the brass band, carne next, and to an end, it began to gl"OW quite was received with much applause. da:r!c; and everyone ;vas busy pre­ This was followed by "vVillianl parIng for the evening eutertam­ Tell," a fantasia on the harp and ment, which was looked forward flute, which was rendered by Pl'O­ to with much pleasure. fessors Ylisaliturri and E. Ybarra. At half past seven we were all "Te never had the pleasure of hear- in the "rheatre, . listl1lling to the .ing the last named gentlen1un pel·' overture to ·" The Poet and Pea­ form before. He played very well sant," which was played by our on the harp, And as for Professor new orchestra. \Ve cannot suffi­ Ylisaliturri, he lost none of his pre­ ciently compliment the gentletnen viously acquired la urels by this part who conlpose this band, on the of the performance. beauty with which they rendered "rhe Fiest Part of the entertain­ t.his selection. vVe hope to hear ment was concluded by a despe­ them perform Inany times in the rately blood-thirsty soliloquy, de­ future, livered by :IVIr. Mallon, and entitled, Master L. Shinn-e-when the mu­ " Not Mad but Cuuning." r-r"bis­ sie had ceased-delivered a pretty gentlenlan succeeded in making us little "dcdicatory ;" after w hich he laugh, at any rate. descended from the stage, and pre­ '1'he Second P~rt, after some pre­ sented Fr. Varsi with a beautiful Iiminary music by the hand, was banquet. opened hy Mr. J. J\lcCarthy, with This was followed by an oration a (so called) poenl, entitled, entitled, "The Day we Celebrate," "Stranded." And truly the gel1~ by lYIr. J. F. Dunne. r-rhis gentle­ tlernan was stranded. In the first man was unpretending, and at the place, the piece was of little or 11,0 same time fluent in his delivery, literary merit ; and secondly, the lIe did very well. gentlernan could neither speak nor A selection from "II Trovatore," read it with the slightest shadow by the brass band, followed. of decency. We forbear to enter 1\11'. P. Ylisalitnrri, our Professor into details respecting it. of the Flute, now sang a pretty vVhen this was ended, ~lr. ~ral­ little song, accorupanyiug himself Ion sang, in character, the famous on the guitar. In response to a "Seven outl " The gentleman 1873.] Idle Notes. 315

really did this well ; and we advise a single drawback to mar its plea­ him to cultivate his voice. . sure. We hope that the students The duet which followed on of future years nlay al ways cele­ the clarionet and cornet, by Messrs brate it as well as did the boys of It Smith and C. Georget, was ex­ 187;3. cellent, notwithstanding that the Before we conclude, we beg our former gentlelnan did not know outside readers to excuse us for en­ his part as well as he should have tering into so Inany details on a known it. subject, which nuty not, perhaps, .1\11". .1\. O. Argnello next gave us be very interesting to them. It is at a poel11 entitled" Letter .£1," which the wish of the students here that was bot.h \V~ 11 written and well we have c101;e so; in order that delivered. they may have a permanent re­ Professors' Gramm and Ylisali­ cord of a day w hich they all desire turri followed, with a beautiful se­ to remember, renade on the violin and flute, w hich, we need hardly add, was VVE have received the following highly appreciated, communication for insertion: The entertainment concl nc1ed Santa Clara College, with the speech of "A Wise Man lYfarch 30th, 1873. from the East," who was imper­ EDITORS" Ov.tL,"-Dear Sirs :-1 have been instructed to inform you that at a souated by Master Jas. Smith. 'I'he regular meeting of the Philalethic Lite­ young gelltlelnan entered the stage rary Society, held February 26th, 1873, ill Indian costume, and riding npon the following- named geutlemen were the back of a quite respectably ex­ elected, to fill the several offices of the temporized cauiel-s-whose four leo's ' Society for the remainder of the Session: o~r Joseph Poujade, Vice President; A. L . (like the asphalts that paves Veuve, Recording Secretary; D. Furlong, streets) were bitumen. It may in­ Corresponding Secretary; S. Fellom, terest those of our readers who Treasurer; l·t 1. Bowie, Librarian; C. care for natural history, to know Friedlander, Censor. I have a Iso been r equested to C01l1InU­ that this well-trained animal, which nicate, that the Society " rill hold its next knelt. readily at the word of corn­ Grand Annual Meeting upon the even­ maud when his rider wished to ing of the 7th of May next. The orator dismount or re-mount, was a and poet of the evening, elected at the -( r last Grand AnnnallYIeeting, are, respect­ genuine two-humped camel, of the ively, the Hon. J. W. Dwinelle, and the ­ Buctrian breed, and not a c1 rome­ lIon. Wm. H. Rhodes. The speakers clary. The speech of the' " Wise elected from the active membel'S of the Man" was wcll writ.ten, and 'YfLS Soci ety.are Messrs..J. Poujade, Alcide L. ~ uYP~ delivered b y the young speakerIn V a nd David Pnrlong, '." I remain, etc., a manner that pleased everyone. . AL CIDm L. yEUVE, 'I'here were, besid es the tlringa .. l¥ ec~ Sec., I\L~'s.. we have mentioned, in this enter­ taiumeut., several speeches in differ­ ON Monday evening, March ] 0, eut languages-inclnding th e Ku­ the Junior Dramatic Society gave naka dialect of 'I'ahit.i-s-which not its first Entel'tainlnent. "Atolle­ being able to understand, we can­ ment," (a drama in three acts, not criticise. translated from the French] was "rhus concluded the celebration first presented, after which follow­ of ]'1'. Varsi's birthday,-,vit.hout eel a farce in one act, entitled "The ~ .; 316 .ldle lv~ote8. [April

}':,,:e ot' th~ Exhibit ion." The dra- manner, "George," (a S111:111 boy) ' n:u~ ' : was very ,,·~11 .put. upon the and "Joshua" '(a fat , boy) were ~~age,; .and, we must, aeknQ.\vleugp,- taken by Masters Harvey and Me­ surpassed our IIlOSt sanguine expec- Cone. 1\:11" A. Bell did very '''PlI-· tations, in the character of "JO}ll~" . (3. _, )\l ;~ s t e r J as. Wn,lsh as "Bayard,': rogue); , and "Peter" (a scamp},' (~ knight from Palestine), did ex.., could not 'have met with a better eellently, audwas, without doubt, impersonator 't.han Maste:: 'T. S. ' the hero of the evening. l\:IeClatehy. "William,' "l1(l11ry," 1\1:1". V. lVlcUl.atchy as "Count. "James" .a ud "Charles," were well Alfredo," did very well ; although. represented by , Messrs. Palmer;' the part was a little too heavy for Smith, Auzerais and Furman, res him. J pect.ively. , "R~bert of Lorraine" was taken . After the farce, a songvcomposcd l)y Master Downey.. Harvey. It for the occasion by' Master V. S. struck us as somewhat surprising ~lcClatehy, and set to Music by to see such a little gent.lernan, so , Professor E. C. E. Vile, was sung self-possessed. and at, horne on the very prettily by Masters V. Vidau­ ~tage, as Master Downey showed ret.ta and ..A,. Bowie, assisted by a himself to be. His prospects in chorus, ."' this·line are brilliant. _ Everyone left the Theatre high- ; The character of"Hermnnn" was ly pleased at the perferrnaueo ; and taken very pleasingly by Master we hope soon to witness just sneh J ames Smith ; as was also that of another entertainment by.the J u­ "Chosroe" byMaster Alex l\1cCone. -nior Society. The music throughout Mr. vv. Furman took "Baldwip," the evening was furnished by the a brother knight " of Bayard's. Brass Band. The gentlelnan has a good voice, but his speaking was rather 1110110­ ST. ,P ATR I CK ' S DAY was a holi­ tonous .and tiresome, His ncting daywith us here. The Irishmen, was fai I·, however, ar:d with appli­ and many others among us, who cation he will succeed. share in their veneration of 'St. The minor parts, 'of tIle "IllJl­ . Patrick, 'and their love of Ireland, keeper," "Guard" and "Ghpst," sported the shamrock in their hat­ were taken respectively by Messrs. bands; and everything went as I.J. Palmer, A. Bell, and J. Anze- merrily as could be, desired. raise . Altogether this drama was a per­ ON St. J osoph's day, the 19th of fect success. It was well chosen, March, which was also the birth­ well cast, and .well put upon t.he day of our Vice President, Rev. stage'; and it is with.pleasure that ­ Fr. Caredda, we had no 'school. In ' we congratulate our friends . upon the morning, the members of the it. band, together with the students 'I'he farce was also very interest­ of brass instruments, assembled to­ ing. " Jeremiah Sneak" was well gether and presented Fr. Caredda taken hy Master J. VValsh. Mas­ with a handsome album. In the ter Willie Davis took "'rh0111US," afternoon, the band assembled be­ (a thin boyj-e-aud a domineering fore the statne of St. Joseph, in one at that-in a very effective the vineyard, and played several 187=tl Olio 317 t.unes, w hich sounded beautifully Francisco, gave it; and, so far as to lis as we sat scribbling a,vay in we call judge on such matters, his our sanctum, efforts met with perfect succes~. ..

THE Spiritual .R et reat of the . EASTER IIOLIDA YS are con1ing.­ Students of this College, began on Students expectant. the ovenintrof the 12th of March last, and c~ntinlled till the Sunday Prof. ~lisalitulTi, a8sist~d by morninz following. "file Rev. lfr. 1\11°. RaggIO, S.J., has organized a Barehi ~f St. Ig1l3~iius' Oollege, San singing class. May it prosper.

o L ,T o.

A XE\V '~NURSEHY RIIY~fE." FIRST LOVE. There she sat so near me, yet remoter [The following will afford so much in­ 'I'han a star-a blue-eyed bashful imp, 110C-tnt delight in certain quarters-c­ On her lap she held a happy bloater, 'Twixt her lips a yet more happy shrimp. (011 no, we never mention themj-i-that we cannot refrain from inserting it; o my own, my beautiful, my blue-eyed! 'I'o oe young once more and bite my thumb merely premising that it is a clipping At the world and all its cares with you, I'd from the En[jti~h comic paper, "Judy."] Give no inconslderable sum. G-ranny, be polite: Hand in hand we tramped the golden sea-weed, Soon as o'er the gray cliff peeped the dawn: Granny mustn't fight: Side by side, 'when came the hour for tea, we'd Granny must be quiet when the thieves Crush the mottled shrimp and hairy prawn, are in sight. Has she wedded some gigantic .shrlmper, Big Bear willbeat her; 'I'hat sweet mite "with whom I loved to play? Eagles will eat.her ; Is she girt with babes that whine and whimper, It Granny doesn't hold her tongno, how­ 'I'hat bright being 'who was always gay? ever folks treat her. Yes: she has at least a dozen wee things! Yes; I see her darning corduroys, C Scouring- floors, and setting ant the tea-things What ahell-beariug creature resembles For a howling herd of hungry boys a circus horse? The tauolu-hoes. . In a home that reeks with tar and sperm-oll ! But at intervals, she thinks, I know, When is a dog like a fixed doctrine? Of the days which we, afar fromturmoil, When it is a dog-1na. Spent together, forty years ago . . - Calverley. We chanced, a few days ago, to be in Books which contain lame verses, a group that were talking of the different should be al ways bound in liJnp cloth. towns and villages of California, every­ [Excha~lges,copy.] one speaking in favor of the place in which he resided. One mentioned San I know not why COLUMBUS' deeds Diego as having a sple}~did .clinlutc. Should cause so much counnot.ion : "\Vhat! " Raid a second, "1 hat IS "where A notion crossed him, one fine day, the souls of the 'wicked go, after death! And then he crossed an ocean. Besides, San Diego is 'out of the world';" "Yes," said a third, " he "wont to Heaven What is the difference between a ,\yo­ long ago." man of eighty and one of sixteen? One is hairless and cappy, and the other is 'Vhere- might you expect to find a careless and happy." [The above is at CO\V'S pedigree? In a caule-los). least as old as the former of these ladies; but trusting that it may share in S0111e When is a ship like a r ailr.iad-track ? of "the attractions of the latter, we let it When the car-ijo :« on it. pass.] "j'

818 Students' Business Directory. rApril

Pl~RSONAL ITEMS. Jas. Campbell, '72, is studying law, Nevada City. 'VE earnestly solicit all who have E. White, '71, is at his home, Santa been connected with the College, Maria Farm, near Watsonville. either as Professors or as Students, S. White, '71, law, Santa Cruz. to communicate with this depart­ J. C. Johnson, 72, is on the corps of ment. 'I'he figures after the name the Alta. signify the year of graduation or A. 'V. Kelly, 72, law, San Francisco. expected graduation:' J. S. and A. E'. Raleigh, '73 and '74, respectively, are in Portland, Oregon. Wilson, '72, is in business in Vacaville­ J. Wiley, '67, is clerk in one of the Kennedy, '74, is rusticating in Napa. Courts of the same city .

STUDEN1;S' BUSINESS DIREC1~ORY. ,!

The following is a list of reliable persons who patronize us. r,« every student make it a point to patronize them :

Bank8--~IcLaugh1in & Ryland, San Jose; Druggists--Rhodes & Lewis, San Jose. Hibernia Saving and Loan Society, Dry Goods Jlerchants-E. Mahoney, San San Francisco. Jose; Spring & Co., San Jose. Bake1\'J--Chas. Bossert, Santa Clara. G1·oce1·s-E. Lamory, Santa Clara; John Butchers.-Leddy & Brothers, San Jose. M. Swinford, Santa Clara; Louis . -f Pinard &Co., San Jose; Devine & Abel , Sttttioner8~A. 'Valdteu- Bookseller's and San Jose. fel, San J ose : Payot, Upham & Co., San Francisco. Hotels--Cameron House, Santa Clara, Boot and Shoe .J.Y e1·chants- PulvcrInan, Livery Stablcs-J. Cameron, Santa Clara. San Jose; Kast, San Francisco. Plwtographe1·s--E. Schroder, San Jose. Gandy ....;Vanufactu /re1's--~"1aurice O'Brien, Plu'mbe1~-Janles Hagan, San Jose. San Jose. Beetauramte-e-i, Piscioli & Co., Santa Oigar AStores-J. F . Tobin, Santa Clara. Clara; "Buckeye," San Jose; George Ulothiers and J.lIerchant Ta'ilors-.J. H. Demetre, San Jose. Dinegan, Santa Clara. Watck7n(tker-Louis Chopard, San Jose. 1873·1 ~ Table of Honor. 319 T i\ B LEO F , lION 0 n - Oredit« rOJ' the month oj Feb1'UCt1'y as read .on lVednesday, J-IaTcl" 5tl~, 1872. cn RIS'l'IAN DOCTRINE. 1st Class-R. Bowie 80, G. Bull '95, ,V. Cardall 95. J. Coddington 99, 'V. Den 98, C. Ebner 98, II. Martin 98, V. C. McClatchy 99. T. Mcrrison 99. L. Palmer 97. 2d Class-M. Donahue 80. Jas. Enright 100, 'V. FUrn1311 95, D. Furlong 100, J. lVla­ chado 100, C. McClatchy 95..J. Nichol 100,A. Pierotich 70, J. Sanchez 70, G. Sei­ fert 80. E. Sheridan 90, J. Smith 98, P. Soto 90; R.. vVallace 100, J. Walsh 100, B. Yorba 100. , . 3d Class-J. Barrenechea 70, J. Eldriedge 70, T. Hanley 70, F. La Coste 70, S. Sheridan 70, E. Mct.augliu 70, J. Sao Roman 70. ETHIcs-n1. 'Valsh 90. :MENTAIJ PHILOSOPHY. A. Arguello 79, J. Carrigan 74, H. Del Valle 79, J. Dunne 70, F. ~IcCusker 96, II. Peyton 91, L. Pinard 74, J. Poujade 82. NATURAIJ PHILOSOPlIY.-J. Carrigan 70, F. McCusker RO, A. Veuve 87. ANALYTICAIJ CHEM'.--A. Veuve 78, R.. Del Valle 75. II. Peyton 73, F. lVlcCusker 73. ELE~IEN1.'AH.Y CHEMISTItY.-A. Arguello 70, B. Smith 70, N. Brisac 70. )IATHE~{ATICS 2d Glass- F. l\IcCusker 100 C. Ebner 100, V.1\lcClatchy 100, R. Del Valle 95, G. Bull 97, \V. Cnrdwell Iflu, J, Poujabe 98. , 3d Class-A. Bell 85; S. Felloln,75, u, Smith 70, n. Friedlander 97, W. Hereford 76, C. l\f~Clatchy 70, rr. Morrison 80, If. Peyton 92, B. Smith 100. G. \Vinston 95. I,ATIN. 1st Class-M. Walsh 80, C. Friedlander 70. 3d Class-,V. Cardwell 85, C. Ebner 70, T. Morrison 85, J. Ponjade 80, L. 'Vinston 74. 4th Class-'V. Hereford 78, V. l\IcClatchy 99. A. Veuve 90. 5~h Class-'V. Davis 74, J. Dunne 70, R. Felloln 86, D Furlong 70, C. Stonesifer 70, J. vValsh 74, B. Yorba 80, u. Brenham 70. R. Arguello 86, 1\1. Donahue 70. GUEEK. 1st Class-~I. "ralsh 80. 3d Class-C. Friedlander 80, J. Poujade 80. 4th Class-w, Hereford 75. r. Morrison 70, A. Veuve 80, L. Winston 80. 5th Class-:-vV. Cardwell 70, w. Davis 80, S. Fellom 84, C. Stonesifer 70, J. 'Valsh 77 B. Yorba 78. RHETORIC. 1st Class-V. l\fcClatchy 96. A. Veuve 100, 2d Class-'V. Card,vell'72, C. Friedlander 74, D. Furlong 85, T. Morrison 84, B. Smith ue. L. \Vinston 82. GRAUMAR. 1st Class-L. Palmer 73, B. Yorba 76, J. \Valsh 74, .T. l\fachado 75, H. Bowie 70. 2d Class-J. Aguirre 85, R. Arguello 70, J, Bernal 70, J. Barrenechea 70, It Bren­ IUt111 79, "V. Davis 95, 1\1. Donahue 70. J. Enright 80. H.. Enright 81, W. Furman 70, C. Georget 70, D. I{idd 72, A. Mcf'one 74, R. \YaHace 70, G. Norris 90, A. Pierotich 70, C. \VeHi 74. ' 3d Class-F. Chavez 8.1). J. Chavez 82, J. De Ia Cruz 70. C. Floed 95, T. Hanley 85, H.. I{ifer 70, F. La Coste 70, J. San Rornan 75, E. Sheridan 75, L. Shinn 90, S. Stevenson 90, F. Scully 80, J. Sanchez 75, L. Pruzzo 80, G. 'I'renought 75. FHENCH. 1st Class-C. Friedlander 75, C. Georget 80, It l\fartin 70, T. Yforrison 70. 2d Glass-G. Norris 80,0. Orefia 74, D. Orella 72, J. Perrier 70. 3d Class-L. Orefia 76, J. Bernal 90. F. Chavez 85, n.. Spence 72, J. Machado 70. SPANISH. , 1st ClaRs-J.'Aguirre 78, L. Camarillo 72, W. Randall 70, N. Robles 75, P. Soto 80. 3d Class-C. Stoneseifer 100, C. 11cCIatchy 100, J. Mct 'arthy 70, A. Pacheco 100. GER~fAN. J. Auzerais 100, J. Barrenechea 100, V. l\IcClatchy 100. ARITH}fETIC. 1st Class-J. Bernal 84, J. Barrer.eihea 90, A. Bell 88, J. Chaves 85, T. Durbin 88, D. 320 .'1able oj Hon or IApril

Furlong 76, A. Garesche 80, J.fiIachado 8R, A. l\fcCone 88, L. PalY{ler 94, G. Roun- dey 100, J. \Valsh 75, It vVallace 70, B. Yorba 96. '- 2d Class-D. Orelia 95, J. Smith 98, n. Enright 92, J. Enright 79~ G. Norris 76, II. \Valsh 80, F. Scully '75. C. Floed 76, L. Orella 74, P. :Mnlloll 70, J. San Roman 72 A. Pierotich 70, S. Stevenson 71, J. eple 70. C. Stonesifer 72, J. Eldriedge 72, H,. Kifer 70, J. Pruzzo 70, J. Aguirre 70, II. Eo,vie 70, Alph. Den 73, H. Spence 70, D. I{idd 72. 3d Class-E. Auzerais 80, R.. Brenham 70, F. Chavez 90, C. Georget 70. F. La Coste 70, J. Perrier 70, S. Sheridan 90, L. Shiun 90, E. Chavez 80, G. 'I'renouglit 90, C. Welti 97. BOOK-KEEPIKG. ' 1st Class-=- V. l\leCJatchy 100, S. FelloTIl 80, P. Soto 70. 2dCluss-A. Bell 95, u. Bowie 96, T. Durbin 90, C. Ebner 100, C. GUl11bill 70, II. Martin 70, A. ~feCone 74, '"1'. Morrison 100, J. Nichol 85, A. Pierotich 85, Gi Roun­ dey 95, C. Stonesifer 70, .J. \Yalsh 85, L. Winston 90, B. YorlJa H2. 3d Class-J. Aguirre 90. E. Auzerais 70, J. Barrenechea 75, J.' Chavez 97, \V. Davis 80, n. Enright 94, C. Floed ,89, D. Ii.idd 75, S. ~ieClntehy '100, E. Sheridan 83. I{. vVallace 72, C. w elti 100. HKADING AND SPETJT,ING. 1st Class-J. R. Arguello 7~, .J. Cole 70, J. Day 75, w, Fnrman 76, I{. Enright 73, C. Gambill 70, J. Perrier 71, A. Pierotich 74, P. ~1allon 75, R. Smith 70, J, Smith 72, R. Spence 70, J. Nichol 72, It Thorn 74. " 2d Class-J. Aguirre 76, C. Arguello 70, J. Barrcncch ea 71, F. Chavez 85. J Chavez 81, F. Farmer 74, C. FlOt ~d 80, 'f. Hanley 77, G. Norris 87, J. Norris 74" L. Pruz- zo 72. J. San Romau 87. L. Shinn '87, S: Stevenson 82, C. w-ru 78. . 3d Class-E. Anzerais70, A.B(Hvie 70 F. Burling 70, J. De la Cruz 70. R. De la v-, ga 94, II. Downey 70, .'\T.Hopkine 75, G. Markham 83. J. ~fc('all 70, C. ~10on' 80, S. Sheridan 90, J. Donahue 90,1'. Donahue 75, U. Fanner 92, T. Leahy 75, R. Serano 75. (J. 'I'renought 75, J. Sullivan 7'0. ier.octrrrox 1st Class-V. ~IcC]atchy S5, A. Veuve 83. 2d Class-\V. Cardwell 70, S. Felloln 70, G. Friedlander 71, D, Furlong 7'7, T. ~fon'i­ son 72, L. Winston 70. 3d Class-G. Houndey 70, L. Palmer 72. J. \Valsh 80, D. Orefia 78, O. Orelia 79, n. \Vallace 70, C. z- touesifer 70, J. Nichol 70, A. Bell 70. 4th Class-J. Aguirre 79, J. Barrenechea 80, \V. Davis 79. \V. Furman 80, J. De la Guerra 80, .J. Mcr.'arthy 7S, A. Met.one 76, P. l\fallon 70, J. Smith 79. 5th Class-F. Chavez 70, G. Hopkins 90, E. Sheridan 70.' PEN)IA~ :SHIP. 1st Class-J. R. Arguello 71, J. Barrenechoa 90, J, Bernal 73, J. Callaghan 70, A. w, Den 90, J. Day 80, J. lVlachado 72, G. Norris 91, R. Remus 91, P. Soto 90, H. Smith 78 B. ,Yorba 85. 2d Class-J. Aguirre 70, J ..Auzerais 75. L. Camarillo 73, J. Chavez 74. \Y. Cardwell . 75, J. Cole 73, B. Chretien 76, 1-I, Christin 76, A. L. Den 80, R. Enright 75, C. Flood.74, C. Friedlander 77, T. Hanley 81, E. IIan 78, D. Ii.idd 82. R. I{jfer 71. A. l\1eCone 77, J. Norris 95, J. Nichol 71, G. Roundoy 71, C. Stonesifer 75, .J. Sun Roman 81, E. Sheridan 82, I{. Serano 70, G. 'I'renouglit 71, J. \Valsh 75, II. \Va]sh 70, C. vVelti 70. 3d Class-J. De ia Cruz 71, F. Chavez 70, J. Eldriedge 73. J. Enrig-ht 70, F. La Coste 85, E. Mcl.aughlin 75 G. Markham 76, \V. Meehan 70, J. Perrier 79, J. Pulsifer 70, L. Pruzzo 70, G. Seifer-t 80, J. Smith 72, S. Stevenson 71, L. Shinn 70, A. Spence 7i3. DHA,\VING. . ' II. Bowie 100, F. Burling 100. G. Seifert 80, V. l\lcChltchy 100, C. Mcf'latchy 100, E. l\IcLaughlin 100, A. Pierotich 100, It Re-mus 100 .J. San Roman 100 P. Soto 100, V. Vidaurreta 100, P. l\Iallon :00, D. Harvey 80, I{,. Brenham 70, II. Martin 70, A. Arriola 100. PIANO.--,R. Bowie 90, C. Ebner 80, B. Smi th 75, A. Arguello 75, A. Den 75, I~. Bowie 75, \V. Handall 75, L. Pruzzo 75, L. Shinn 70. VIOLIN.-J. Carrigan DO, \V. Davis 70, I{. Enright 85, P. 1Iallon 70, T. Morrison 90. - ---0--- [Classes of the PREPAUA'fOUY DEPAH'rMENT are omitted.] Highest number of credits given, 100. Reelpients of 70 and over only mentioned I arl D t Cor. 1Jfai1~ .e Fr(t1tl~li1t sis. ~~~t~ ~~~~\~~ E.LAM RY, Proprietor.

20:! First Street, San .Joso. Oity .JIarket, Marke! Street, San Jose.

rll/ )PRIETORS, The cheapest, neatest and. George Demetrie, iProprietor,) best Rest('/111'Da1~t i /J1J Sa '1~ Jose. The Proprietor has been regardless of expense in his desire to meet the public "rants and situated in the City Market, All the delicacies ofthe season in the' nlidst of all the delicasles of the on hand. season, feels confident of success. Clam Chowder a speciality, (On Tuesdays and Fridays.)

Hot English Mt'tffi11S and Coffee every morning.

Open. day a.nd 'Ittigll.t.

Franklin Street, Santa Clara-.

~ CHAS. BOSSERT, Bread and Biscuit Baker.

Fancy Pastry and Confectionery made to order on the shortest notice.

Balls and Parties supplied on reasonable terms- Banking ouse, OF

Corner of 'First and Santa Claru Streets,

Receive General and Special Deposits in Gold, Silver and Currency, deal in U- S· Bonds and Legal 'fenders, and do a General Banking Business. . DR}~'V EXOl-I-r~NGE (>N

DONOI-IOE, I~ELL~-, ~ Co., San Fl·ancisco. hUGENE Ii:ELLY, & Co., Ne,v York. CONSOLIDATED Br\Nli: (Limited.) London. BANI"- OF IRELAl'J"D, Du.blin.

TELEGRAPHIC TRANSFERS M~t\DE ON ~"'EW YORK

Interest alloiced on Time Deposits.

$ . ~ ~] FnsIlionable ~lloe Store, ~ ~ ~ 3~2 & 324- Bush Street, & 0Q i!;~ SAN FRANCISCO. Importers, Booksellers, Stationers and .Publishers, 620 & 622 Wnshington-strcet,

DEALERS IN S ..4.LV FR.lLl¥()}SCO. Beef, Pork, DEVINE & ABEL'S Mutton, . Veal, Lamb, etc. Cor. El Dorado and Market sts., San Jose. Stall No.1, City Mar}~et, ~A full and complete assortment at THE VERY BEST AR.TICLES always ..Jfarltet Street; San Jose. on hand. ~fAURICE O'BRIEN~ 'VHOLESALE AND HETAIL J. fl. DIN~GAN~ ~ERC,HA.N~ TAIL,OR, Franklin street, Santa Clara, (next d~or to Wells, Fargo &"Co,'s Express office), Invites the Students ofSanta Clara College to visit his . Stock ofSeasonable Goods.

ELEGANCE OF ST-YLE, AND - ~XCELLENCE OF WORK,

*~'- '~~~~~ '£~.---,(~~~~~~'-~~~ ~I'MAIIONEY ~ E. , . I COI~. 1\I~l~ket San S..E. Santa Clara & sts, Jose. ~~rf Dry Goods; ('Y f Gents' and Childrens' Clothing, ~~ ~ Boots, and Shoes, Hatstand Caps, ~ I etc., ~_c"_ e c. . I ~~ . :fl. 3aiLOJ~ing fjalaMi6/uncnl is. atl.ach.cd, au rt . . ~ ~~-'-~~/~~~--. -~~~,~~-.-~* -(- ~.~~~~~~~~Jvc;(~~~~~~~~~~~~f.~ · (fJ?- .~ . ----~~ ~ J.~f. SWINFORD, ' ~ . ~I D & 1D) ' ~I ' lI? ~.)D) Cil)~ Q) ~ ~ p ) ~ , ~ ~ ~r~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ v~v~./!'~~~ ~

~I SANTA CLARA. .. ~ i:~"@-~~~~~~w~ John F. Tobin, DEALER IN (Odd F ello,vs' Building,) Fruits, Pipes; 'Franklin st., Santa Clara, Nuts, .Cigars, [!0;;8~ B11-:S"OI;(D JlJi 01 I?')~\ '!J ~ ~ "-J V V ~ . '-/ U ~ '---' !J ~ ~~!l Confectionery, Tobacco, PROPHIETORS. ST i\ rl, 'I,O NER Y, ~nuc:y ~lHH1&i. - ~ l) t f t a t t ~' ~ , ' &r., l\lcals at all hours, N. ~v. Cor, iV(·~kin!J.i i)] }, .e ]l'rftJlldin sts., .All the delicacies of the Season on Iumd. . (Opposite Odd F ellows' 11a11.) ~Give us a Call!

Ii) cD) fJ:J) E. SCIIRODER, 0 ) " ~

~ CO\ C/)'

Cor. First and E l Dorado sts., San Jose. (Entrance Oil Fast Street.)

Every description of Picturos taken on short notice and on the most H,EASO:N­ ABLE TERi\lS.

LOUIS- PIN ARD & CO., 274 Santa Clara st., San Jose,

DEALEBS IN :'?Al\l[IL-y GROCE:RIES_

~All orders promptly delivered, arid satisfaction guaranteed. n\Q\~a. @tr Nr ,@)tlr~ ~)~~\~J~ San Jose, Cal.

'THIS Institution, which is incorporated according to the laws of the State. and empowered to confer academical honors, comrnence.l its Twenty First Annual Session, 011 Monday, August . 21st, 1872. . The Course of Instruction embracesall the branches of a 't horoug h Education-

1'EIl.JfS: Entrance to be paid but once $15.00 Board and Tuition, per quarter "62.50 Washing, per q uarter,...... 12.50 Physicians' fees unless it. may be preferred to pay the bi II in case of sickness, per q uarter,...... 2.50 Plano, Vocal rUusic, Drawing and Painting form extra charges; but there s no ex era charge for the French, Spanish or "~ernlnn Languages, nor for Plaln Sewing and l·'nn~J~Neetl1e,vHi·~{. \ \ Payments are required to be made half a Session in advance. Pupils will find it much to their ad vantage to be present at the opening of the Session,

ST. ~I~lRY'S ~\C~lDE1[Y, S}lNT~tl CLAR.tl.

HIS Institution is conducted by the Slsters of Notre Dame, and was opened in August 1872, T to afford those of moderate means an opportunity to procure. for their daughters, at a triflin~ expense. a sound, moral and intellectual edncation; such as will enable them to become useful and intelligent women. To place the benefits of this Institution within the reach of the greater number, the charge will only be $ It; 1'1:1' 1Jlonth, payable in advance. There is also a Young Ladies' Day School. 111rJR.]f S :-Elf;mentary Cl~~s, per ~~onth , $3.20 Primary .. '...... 1.00 1r;..:Y1YR~-1:-French and Spanish Languages per Month 1.00 Piano " ...... •...•... 6.00 Plain vocal Music . . . •. . . .. ••••• 35 Vocal Music of a higher dezree ." ...•...... 2.00