DOCSLIB.ORG

Mach's Principle and the Origin of Inertia Apeiron Ams, Ph.D

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Proceedings of the International Workshop on Mach’s Principle and the M. Sachs/A.R. eds. Roy Origin of Inertia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Feb. 6-8, 2002. Ernst Mach’s non-atomistic model of matter and the associated interpretation of inertial mass (the “Mach principle”) influenced the holistic approach embodied in the continuous field concept of the theory of general relativity as a general theory of matter. The articles in these Proceedings demonstrate Mach’s MACH’S PRINCIPLE influence on contemporary thinking. We see here the views of an international group of scholars on the impact of the Mach principle in physics and astro- AND THE ORIGIN OF INERTIA physics. The ideas presented here will inspire research in physics for many generations to come. Mach's Principleand the OriginofInertia About the editors: Mendel Sachs is presently Professor of Physics Emeritus at the State University of New York at Buffalo, where he was a professor of physics from 1966 to 1997. Earlier positions were at Boston University, McGill University and the University of California Radiation Laboratory. Prof. Sachs earned his Ph.D. in theoretical physics at University of California, Los Angeles, in 1954. His main interests and publications during his professional career have been on foundational problems in theoretical physics (mainly general relativity and particle physics) and the philosophy of physics. A strong early influence came from the writings of Ernst Mach. The main theme of Mendel Sachs’s research has been a generalization of the works of Albert Einstein as a future course of physics, from the domain of micromatter to cosmology. Professor Sachs has authored ten books. Two monographs that highlight details of his research are General Relativity and Matter (Reidel, 1982) and Quantum Mechanics from General Relativity (Reidel, 1986). A.R. Roy is presently a professor of Mathematics at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India. He joined the Institute as a Faculty member in 1976, after obtaining a Ph.D. degree from the Institute in 1973, spending a couple of years as a post-doctoral fellow. He became a professor in 1996. His initial research interest and publications have been on exact solutions in Einstein theory and other alternate theories of Gravitation. He has also worked in the area Edited by M. Sachs and A.R. Roy of theoretical relativistic cosmology. His main interest has been in developing singularity-free cosmological models by considering the presence of various matter fields viz., scalar (meson) fields, viscous fluids, etc. in the cosmic matter along with other viable assumptions on the background metric. Professor Roy has guided several research scholars in their Ph.D. programs, and has more than 40 research publications in major international journals in the area of GRT and Cosmology. He is associated with several research journals. His current interests and publications have been Apeiron on applications of Soft Set Theory in Decision-Making Problems. Mach’s Principle and the origin of inertia Edited by M. Sachs and A.R. Roy Apeiron Montreal Published by C. Roy Keys Inc. 4405, rue St-Dominique Montreal, Quebec H2W 2B2 Canada http://redshift.vif.com © C. Roy Keys Inc. 2003 First Published 2003 National Library of Canada Cataloguing in Publication Data International Workshop on Mach’s Principle and the Origin of Inertia (2002 : Indian Institute of Technology) Mach’s principle and the origin of inertia / editors, M. Sachs and A.R. Roy. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Mach’s Principle and the Origin of Inertia held at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Feb. 6-8, 2002. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-9732911-0-9 1. Mach’s principle--Congresses. 2. Inertia (Mechanics)-- Congresses. 3. General relativity (Physics)--Congresses. I. Sachs, Mendel II. Roy, A. R. III. Title. QC137.I57 2002 530.1 C2003-902605-1 Cover design by Amanda Lawrence. Cover image: 10-day Gibbous Moon, imaged by Len Benschop from Os- hawa, Ontario, Canada, Aug. 28, 2001. Mosaic of 9 individual frames captured with a NexStar5 Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope, afocally with a Fuji Finepix digital camera. Table of Contents Preface .........................................................................................ii Acknowledgements ..................................................................... iii Jayant Narlikar: A Tribute to Fred Hoyle......................................iv Mendel Sachs: The Mach Principle and the Origin of Inertia from General Relativity ......................................... 1 Amitabha Ghosh: Extension of Mach’s Principle and Cosmological Consequences ........................................... 13 James F. Woodward: The Technical End of Mach’s Principle.......................................................................... 19 A.K.T. Assis: The Relationship between Mach’s Principle and the Principle of Physical Proportions ........................ 37 W. Farrell Edwards: Inertial Mass of the Electron ...................... 45 A.R. Prasanna: Mach’s Principle and Inertial Forces in General Relativity ....................................................... 53 Jorge Guala Valverde and Raúl A. Rapacioli: Inertial Mass in a Machian Framework....................................... 67 Horst-Heino v. Borzeszkowski and Renate Wahsner: Mach’s Principle and the Dualism of Space-Time and Matter ..................................................................... 73 C.S. Unnikrishnan: Experiments Motivated by Mach’s Principle: A Review with Comments ................................ 89 D.F. Roscoe: A Perspective on Mach’s Principle and the Consequent Discovery of Major New Phenomenology in Spiral Discs ....................................... 99 T.P. Singh: Mach’s Principle and Quantum Mechanics Without Spacetime ....................................................... 109 H. Broberg: Mass and Gravitation in a Machian Universe ....... 115 George Galeczki: Mach’s Principle and the True Continuum..................................................................... 133 Preface This volume consists of a selection of refereed invited lectures presented at the International Workshop on Mach’s Principle and the Origin of Inertia which was held at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, as a part of the golden Jubilee celebrations of the Institute, from February 6 to 8, 2002. The Workshop was organized by the Centre for Theoretical Physics of the Institute with Prof. A.R. Roy as the Organising Secretary. It also includes a few contri- butions from experts who could not attend the Workshop. Inertia is one of the main physical properties of all bodies. Its origin poses problems of a fundamental nature. Ernst Mach proposed that the inertia of any body is caused by its interaction with the rest of the Universe. The idea reflects a deep connection between the cosmos at large and its individual constituent bodies, thereby implying a holistic conception of nature. On the whole, Ernst Mach had a seminal influence on the evolution of Physics in the 20th Century, and will influence the future development of Physics in the 21st Century. It is interesting that many of his ideas play a role (directly and indirectly) in oppo- site positions within contemporary physics. His epistemological viewpoint of positivism clearly influenced the basis of quantum mechanics. On the other hand his non-atomistic model of matter and the accompanying interpretation of inertial mass (the “Mach Principle”) influenced the holistic approach of the continuous field concept of the theory of general relativity, as a general theory of matter. The contributions to these proceedings demonstrate Mach’s influence on contemporary thinking. For we see here the views of an international group of scholars on the implications of Mach’s principle in physics and astrophysics. We believe the ideas presented here could indeed affect future paths of study in physics for many generations to come. The Editors take this opportunity to put on record their gratitude to Prof. J. V. Narlikar, IUCAA, Pune, for kindly agreeing to write the Dedication note, and to Roy Keys of Apeiron, Montreal whose painstaking efforts have made the publication of this volume possible. M. Sachs and A.R. Roy iii Acknowledgements On behalf of the Centre for Theoretical Physics, IIT Kharagpur, the Under- signed wishes to express his gratitude for the financial assistance received from the following Institutions and other government organizations. Were it not for this assistance, the successful organization of this International Workshop on Mach’s Principle and the Origin of Inertia would not have been possible: (1) Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India (2) Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi, India (3) Indian Space Research Organisation, Bangalore, India (4) Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India (5) Raman Research Institute, Bangalore, India (6) Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India The organizing secretary also wishes to express his gratitude and thanks to Professor Amitabha Ghosh, the then Director of IIT Kharagpur for his con- stant encouragement at various stages and for his active participation in the workshop. Thanks are also due the following members of the Editorial board for their help and guidance in processing the publication of this volume: Professor Andre K.T. Assis, State University of Campinas, Brazil Professor A.R. Prasanna, PRL, Ahmedabad, India Professor C.S. Unnikrishnan,
Recommended publications
  • Dayton C. Miller by Peter Hoekje

    Dayton C. Miller by Peter Hoekje

    The newsletter of The Acoustical Society of America Volume 13, Number 1 Winter 2003 Dayton C. Miller by Peter Hoekje ayton Clarence Miller (1866–1941), a founding member a full body composite of himself, and an injured railroad brake- and second president of the Acoustical Society of man. This latter is claimed to be the first use of x-rays for sur- DAmerica, is remembered for his distinctive gical purposes. Tragically, his laboratory assistant died contributions in the early 20th century in several in 1905, apparently from radiation-related illness. fields. Acousticians appreciate his pioneering With the encouragement of Edward Morley, analysis of sound waveforms and spectra, his Miller revisited the 1887 Michelson-Morley accurate measurements of the speed of sound aether drift experiment with a new interfer- in air, and his study of flutes and their ometer in 1902, and continued working on acoustics. But, he is also known for metic- this problem for nearly 30 years. In making ulous measurementsThe newsletterof aether drift, for of the measurements, the interferometer would first surgical x-ray, and for the huge flute be set in motion once and would rotate collection he donated to the Library of freely for an hour while the experimenter Congress. He balanced an outstanding made observations of the fractional scientific research career with a devotion fringe displacement, several times to the arts and education. throughout each rotation. Miller claimed As a small boy, Dayton started his to have walked 160 miles and made musical and acoustic explorations on his 200,000 observations of fringes in the father’s fife.1 His father bought him his course of his experiments! He consistent- first full-size flute on his thirteenth birth- ly arrived at an observed aether drift speed day, but it was too big for his small fingers.
  • Refraction and Reflexion According to the Principle of General Covariance

    Refraction and Reflexion According to the Principle of General Covariance

    REFRACTION AND REFLEXION ACCORDING TO THE PRINCIPLE OF GENERAL COVARIANCE PATRICK IGLESIAS-ZEMMOUR Abstract. We show how the principle of general covariance introduced by Souriau in smoothly uniform contexts, can be extended to singular situ- ations, considering the group of diffeomorphisms preserving the singular locus. As a proof of concept, we shall see how we get again this way, the laws of reflection and refraction in geometric optics, applying an extended general covariance principle to Riemannian metrics, discontinuous along a hypersurface. Introduction In his paper “Modèle de particule à spin dans le champ électromagnétique et gravitationnel” published in 1974 [Sou74], Jean-Marie Souriau suggests a pre- cise mathematical interpretation of the principle of General Relativity. He names it the Principle of General Covariance. Considering only gravitation field1, he claimed that any material presence in the universe is characterized by a covector defined on the quotient of the set of the Pseudo-Riemannian metrics on space-time, by the group of diffeomorphisms. This principle be- ing, according to Souriau, the correct statement of the Einsteins’s principle of invariance with respect to any change of coordinates. Actually, Souriau’s general covariance principle can be regarded as the active version of Einstein invariance statement, where change of coordinates are interpreted from the active point of view as the action of the group of diffeomorphisms. Now, for reasons relative to the behavior at infinity and results requirement, the group of diffeomorphisms of space-time is reduced to the subgroup of compact supported diffeomorphisms. Date: April 6, 2019. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. 83C10, 78A05, 37J10.
  • Theoretical Physics

    Theoretical Physics

    IC/80/166 INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR THEORETICAL PHYSICS AW EFFICIENT KORRINGA-KOHN-ROSTOKER METHOD FOR "COMPLEX" LATTICES M. Yussouff and INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY R. Zeller AGENCY UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION 19R0 MIRAMARE-TRIESTE IC/90/166 The well known rapid convergence and precision of the KKR- Green's function method (Korringa 1947, Kohn and Rostocker 1954) International Atomic Energy Agency have made it useful for the calculation of the electronic struc- and United Rations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization ture of perfect as well as disordered solids (Ham and Segall 1961, IHTEBSATIOHAL CENTRE FOR THEORETICAL PHYSICS Ehrenrelch and Schwartz 1976). Although extensive calculations of this kind exist for cubic crystals (Moruzzi, Janak and Williams 1978), there are so far very few calculations for the equally important class of hexagonal close packed solids. This is due to the computational efforts involved in evaluating the KKR matrix AH EFFICIENT KORRIHGA-KOHH-ROSTOKER METHOD FOR "COMPLEX" LATTICES • elements ATT,{k,E) using the conventional KKR for 'complex' lattices, i.e. crystals with several atoms per unit cell- Some simplifications can be achieved (Bhokare and Yussouff 1972, 1974) for k" vectors International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy, in symmetry directions but the renewed interest in simplifying the and computations (Segall and Yang 19 80) has arisen in connection with self-consistent calcualtions. Here we describe an efficient modi- R. Zeller Institut fur FeBtkorperforschung der Kernforschungsanlage, fication of the KKR method which is particularly useful for 'complex1 D-5170 Jiilieh, Federal Republic of Germany. lattices. ABSTRACT In our approach, the transformed KKR matrix elements are calcu- We present a modification of the exact KKR-band structure method lated directly using reciprocal space summation.
  • A Plausible Resolution to Hilbert's Failed Attempt to Unify Gravitation & Electromagnetism

    A Plausible Resolution to Hilbert's Failed Attempt to Unify Gravitation & Electromagnetism

    Prespacetime Journal| December 2018 | Volume 9 | Issue 10 | pp. xxx-xxx 1000 Christianto, V., Smarandache, F., & Boyd, R. N., A Plausible Resolution to Hilbert’s Failed Attempt to Unify Gravitation & Electromagnetism Exploration A Plausible Resolution to Hilbert’s Failed Attempt to Unify Gravitation & Electromagnetism Victor Christianto1*, Florentin Smarandache2 & Robert N. Boyd3 1Malang Institute of Agriculture (IPM), Malang, Indonesia 2Dept. of Math. Sci., Univ. of New Mexico, Gallup, USA 3Independent Researcher, USA Abstract In this paper, we explore the reasons why Hilbert’s axiomatic program to unify gravitation theory and electromagnetism failed and outline a plausible resolution of this problem. The latter is based on Gödel’s incompleteness theorem and Newton’s aether stream model. Keywords: Unification, gravitation, electromagnetism, Hilbert, resolution. Introduction Hilbert and Einstein were in race at 1915 to develop a new gravitation theory based on covariance principle [1]. While Einstein seemed to win the race at the time, Hilbert produced two communications which show that he was ahead of Einstein in term of unification of gravitation theory and electromagnetic theory. Hilbert started with Mie’s electromagnetic theory. However, as Mie theory became completely failed, so was the Hilbert’s axiomatic program to unify those two theories [1]. Einstein might be learning from such an early failure of Hilbert to unify those theories, and years later returned to Mie theory [1]. What we would say here is that Hilbert’s axiomatic failure can be explained by virtue of Gödel’s incompleteness theorem: which says essentially that any attempt to build a consistent theory based on axiomatic foundations can be shown to be inconsistent.
  • |||GET||| Can the Laws of Physics Be Unified? 1St Edition

    |||GET||| Can the Laws of Physics Be Unified? 1St Edition

    CAN THE LAWS OF PHYSICS BE UNIFIED? 1ST EDITION DOWNLOAD FREE Paul Langacker | 9781400885503 | | | | | Can the Laws of Physics be Unified? Answer Key. In American physicist Sheldon Glashow proposed that the weak nuclear forceelectricity and magnetism could arise Can the Laws of Physics Be Unified? 1st edition a partially unified electroweak theory. Law II: The alteration of motion is ever proportional to the motive force impress'd; and is made in the direction of the right line in which that force is impress'd. In the s Mendel Sachs proposed a generally covariant field theory that did not require recourse to renormalisation or perturbation theory. Discoveries are made; models, theories, and laws are formulated; and the beauty of the physical universe is made more sublime for the insights gained. Download as PDF Printable version. Lots of equations, but not much detail explaining exactly what they mean, for that some background is needed. I find that literally inconceivable. These laws are Can the Laws of Physics Be Unified? 1st edition systematically to topics such as phase equilibria, chemical reactions, external forces, fluid-fluid surfaces and interfaces, and anisotropic crystal-fluid interfaces. Cohen and A. The physical universe is enormously complex in its detail. One of her daughters also won a Nobel Prize. Archived from the original PDF on 31 March Thank you for posting a review! And, whereas a law is a postulate that forms the foundation of the scientific method, a theory is the end result of that process. I know of none whatsoever. Paul Langacker is senior scientist at Princeton University, visitor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, and professor emeritus of physics at the University of Pennsylvania.
  • Electrical Engineer Disproves Einsteins Relativity Theory: the Ruins of 106 Years Relativity

    Electrical Engineer Disproves Einsteins Relativity Theory: the Ruins of 106 Years Relativity

    Arend Lammertink: Electrical Engineer disproves Einsteins Relativity Theory: The Ruins of 106 Years Relativity. http://tuks.nl/wiki/index.php/Main/Ruins96YearsEinsteinRelativity Electrical Engineer disproves Einsteins Relativity Theory: The Ruins of 106 Years Relativity. Last week the newspapers were filled with the discovery of "impossible" particles traveling faster than the speed of light. A month ago an "impossible" star was discovered and earlier the Pioneer space probes also refused to adhere to the law. This way, the scientific establishment will slowly but surely be forced to return to reality, the reality of the existence of a real, physical ether with fluid-like properties. The inevitable result of that will be that Einstein’s relativity theory will go down in the history books as one of the biggest fallacies ever brought forth by science. In the future they will look back to relativity with equal disbelief as to the "Earth is flat" concept. The relativity theory not only goes against common sense, as Tesla already said in 1932, a fundamental thinking error has been made by Maxwell in his equations. This eventually lead to the erroneous relativity theory, as is proven in this article. It is therefore no exaggeration to state that the scientific establishment is going to have a religious experience. source: Tesla’s Ambassadors The scientific establishment has been completely beside the mark by worshiping Albert Einstein and forgetting about Nikola Tesla. This logically thinking realist already wiped the floor with the theory of relativity in 1932 and thus proved for the umpteenth time to be far ahead of his time: 1 of 12 06/08/13 23:15 "It might be inferred that I am alluding to the curvature of space supposed to exist according to the teachings of relativity, but nothing could be further from my mind.
  • Council for Innovative Research Peer Review Research Publishing System

    Council for Innovative Research Peer Review Research Publishing System

    ISSN 2347-3487 Einstein's gravitation is Einstein-Grossmann's equations Alfonso Leon Guillen Gomez Independent scientific researcher, Bogota, Colombia E-mail: [email protected] Abstract While the philosophers of science discuss the General Relativity, the mathematical physicists do not question it. Therefore, there is a conflict. From the theoretical point view “the question of precisely what Einstein discovered remains unanswered, for we have no consensus over the exact nature of the theory's foundations. Is this the theory that extends the relativity of motion from inertial motion to accelerated motion, as Einstein contended? Or is it just a theory that treats gravitation geometrically in the spacetime setting?”. “The voices of dissent proclaim that Einstein was mistaken over the fundamental ideas of his own theory and that their basic principles are simply incompatible with this theory. Many newer texts make no mention of the principles Einstein listed as fundamental to his theory; they appear as neither axiom nor theorem. At best, they are recalled as ideas of purely historical importance in the theory's formation. The very name General Relativity is now routinely condemned as a misnomer and its use often zealously avoided in favour of, say, Einstein's theory of gravitation What has complicated an easy resolution of the debate are the alterations of Einstein's own position on the foundations of his theory”, (Norton, 1993) [1]. Of other hand from the mathematical point view the “General Relativity had been formulated as a messy set of partial differential equations in a single coordinate system. People were so pleased when they found a solution that they didn't care that it probably had no physical significance” (Hawking and Penrose, 1996) [2].
  • Quantum Mechanics from General Relativity : Particle Probability from Interaction Weighting

    Quantum Mechanics from General Relativity : Particle Probability from Interaction Weighting

    Annales de la Fondation Louis de Broglie, Volume 24, 1999 25 Quantum Mechanics From General Relativity : Particle Probability from Interaction Weighting Mendel Sachs Department of Physics State University of New York at Bualo ABSTRACT. Discussion is given to the conceptual and mathemat- ical change from the probability calculus of quantum mechanics to a weighting formalism, when the paradigm change takes place from linear quantum mechanics to the nonlinear, holistic eld theory that accompanies general relativity, as a fundamental theory of matter. This is a change from a nondeterministic, linear theory of an open system of ‘particles’ to a deterministic, nonlinear, holistic eld the- ory of the matter of a closed system. RESUM E. On discute le changement conceptuel et mathematique qui fait passer du calcul des probabilites de la mecanique quantique a un formalisme de ponderation, quand on eectue le changement de paradigme substituantalam ecanique quantique lineairelatheorie de champ holistique non lineaire qui est associee alatheorie de la relativitegenerale, prise comme theorie fondamentale de la matiere. Ce changement mene d’une theorie non deterministe et lineaire decrivant un systeme ouvert de ‘particules’ a une theorie de champ holistique, deterministe et non lineaire, de la matiere constituant un systeme ferme. 1. Introduction. In my view, one of the three most important experimental discov- eries of 20th century physics was the wave nature of matter. [The other two were 1) blackbody radiation and 2) the bending of a beam of s- tarlight as it propagates past the vicinity of the sun]. The wave nature of matter was predicted in the pioneering theoretical studies of L.
  • Herbert P Ster Markus King the Fundamental Nature and Structure

    Herbert P Ster Markus King the Fundamental Nature and Structure

    Lecture Notes in Physics 897 Herbert P ster Markus King Inertia and Gravitation The Fundamental Nature and Structure of Space-Time Lecture Notes in Physics Volume 897 Founding Editors W. Beiglböck J. Ehlers K. Hepp H. Weidenmüller Editorial Board B.-G. Englert, Singapore, Singapore P. Hänggi, Augsburg, Germany W. Hillebrandt, Garching, Germany M. Hjorth-Jensen, Oslo, Norway R.A.L. Jones, Sheffield, UK M. Lewenstein, Barcelona, Spain H. von Löhneysen, Karlsruhe, Germany M.S. Longair, Cambridge, UK J.-F. Pinton, Lyon, France J.-M. Raimond, Paris, France A. Rubio, Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain M. Salmhofer, Heidelberg, Germany S. Theisen, Potsdam, Germany D. Vollhardt, Augsburg, Germany J.D. Wells, Geneva, Switzerland The Lecture Notes in Physics The series Lecture Notes in Physics (LNP), founded in 1969, reports new devel- opments in physics research and teaching-quickly and informally, but with a high quality and the explicit aim to summarize and communicate current knowledge in an accessible way. Books published in this series are conceived as bridging material between advanced graduate textbooks and the forefront of research and to serve three purposes: • to be a compact and modern up-to-date source of reference on a well-defined topic • to serve as an accessible introduction to the field to postgraduate students and nonspecialist researchers from related areas • to be a source of advanced teaching material for specialized seminars, courses and schools Both monographs and multi-author volumes will be considered for publication. Edited volumes should, however, consist of a very limited number of contributions only. Proceedings will not be considered for LNP.
  • Spring 2017 • May 7, 2017 • 12 P.M

    Spring 2017 • May 7, 2017 • 12 P.M

    THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY 415TH COMMENCEMENT SPRING 2017 • MAY 7, 2017 • 12 P.M. • OHIO STADIUM Presiding Officer Commencement Address Conferring of Degrees in Course Michael V. Drake Abigail S. Wexner Colleges presented by President Bruce A. McPheron Student Speaker Executive Vice President and Provost Prelude—11:30 a.m. Gerard C. Basalla to 12 p.m. Class of 2017 Welcome to New Alumni The Ohio State University James E. Smith Wind Symphony Conferring of Senior Vice President of Alumni Relations Russel C. Mikkelson, Conductor Honorary Degrees President and CEO Recipients presented by The Ohio State University Alumni Association, Inc. Welcome Alex Shumate, Chair Javaune Adams-Gaston Board of Trustees Senior Vice President for Student Life Alma Mater—Carmen Ohio Charles F. Bolden Jr. Graduates and guests led by Doctor of Public Administration Processional Daina A. Robinson Abigail S. Wexner Oh! Come let’s sing Ohio’s praise, Doctor of Public Service National Anthem And songs to Alma Mater raise; Graduates and guests led by While our hearts rebounding thrill, Daina A. Robinson Conferring of Distinguished Class of 2017 Service Awards With joy which death alone can still. Recipients presented by Summer’s heat or winter’s cold, Invocation Alex Shumate The seasons pass, the years will roll; Imani Jones Lucy Shelton Caswell Time and change will surely show Manager How firm thy friendship—O-hi-o! Department of Chaplaincy and Clinical Richard S. Stoddard Pastoral Education Awarding of Diplomas Wexner Medical Center Excerpts from the commencement ceremony will be broadcast on WOSU-TV, Channel 34, on Monday, May 8, at 5:30 p.m.
  • Studies in Using Aerospace Systems and Methods

    Studies in Using Aerospace Systems and Methods

    F._ .v High Technology on Earth: Studies in Using Aerospace Systems and Methods Paul A. Hanle, Editor ' *• V SMITHSONIAN STUDIES IN AIR AND SPACE - NUMBER 3 SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world of science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given sub­ stantive review.
  • Covariance in Physics and Convolutional Neural Networks

    Covariance in Physics and Convolutional Neural Networks

    Covariance in Physics and Convolutional Neural Networks Miranda C. N. Cheng 1 2 3 Vassilis Anagiannis 2 Maurice Weiler 4 Pim de Haan 5 4 Taco S. Cohen 5 Max Welling 5 Abstract change of coordinates. In his words, the general principle In this proceeding we give an overview of the of covariance states that “The general laws of nature are idea of covariance (or equivariance) featured in to be expressed by equations which hold good for all sys- the recent development of convolutional neural tems of coordinates, that is, are covariant with respect to networks (CNNs). We study the similarities and any substitutions whatever (generally covariant)” (Einstein, differencesbetween the use of covariance in theo- 1916). The rest is history: the incorporation of the math- retical physics and in the CNN context. Addition- ematics of Riemannian geometry in order to achieve gen- ally, we demonstrate that the simple assumption eral covariance and the formulation of the general relativity of covariance, together with the required proper- (GR) theory of gravity. It is important to note that the seem- ties of locality, linearity and weight sharing, is ingly innocent assumption of general covariance is in fact sufficient to uniquely determine the form of the so powerful that it determines GR as the unique theory of convolution. gravity compatible with this principle, and the equivalence principle in particular, up to short-distance corrections1. In a completely different context, it has become clear 1. Covariance and Uniqueness in recent years that a coordinate-independent description It is well-known that the principle of covariance, or coordi- is also desirable for convolutional networks.