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Rrdtool – Perl Module • Net::Snmptrapd(Install It from CPAN by Root) • Netsnmp::Agent(Embedded on Net-Snmp) Requirement – SNMP Agent

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Rrdtool – Perl Module • Net::Snmptrapd(Install It from CPAN by Root) • Netsnmp::Agent(Embedded on Net-Snmp) Requirement – SNMP Agent Homework 5 DNS、HTTPD、SNMP Requirements One dedicated domain name for yourself Setup DNS server with following records SOA, NS, MX Make them reasonable NS Delegation (with team mates) Dedicate a sub domain to each of your team mates Building a slave server for your team mate And a stub server for another team mate Updates should be synchronized Reverse resolution for your NAT 192.168.x.0/24 for each of team mates Requirements (Cont.) slave a.nctucs.net 140.113.a.a stub 192.168.0.1/24 b.nctucs.net c.nctucs.net 140.113.b.b 140.113.c.c 192.168.0.2/24 192.168.0.3/24 Requirements (Cont.) View Create view.example.csie.net A record: Queries from 192.168.0.0/24: view.example.csie.net A 192.168.0.1 Otherwise, get your normal ip Logging Record all records to /var/log/named.log Do log rotate Note: you will be asked for explaining the what does the log entry means in named.log Requirements (Cont.) SPF/DomainKeys record for your server Add resonable SPF/DomainKeys records Configure your mail system to support these feature SSHFP record for your server Make a reasonable setting Requirements (Cont.) Dynamic DNS update Your DNS should accept the update requests from 140.113.17.225 and your team mates You should know how to update a dns record Management Your DNS server should support TSIG and allow the connection from 140.113.17.225 Your DNS server should only allow the AXFR request from 140.113.17.225 Only allow recursion query from your team mates and 140.113.17.225 Appendix Use ldap as backend database dns/bind9-sdb-ldap http://www.openldap.org/ http://bind9-ldap.bayour.com/ SPF setup wizard http://old.openspf.org/wizard.html DKIMproxy http://dkimproxy.sourceforge.net HTTPD Requirements HTTPD apache, lighttpd, nginx, etc.. PHP with fastcgi HTTPS Virtual Hosts Reverse Proxy SNMP Requirement – Tools • Goal – Implement simple SNMP agent and SNMP trapd for system resource monitoring • Prerequisites – SNMP Software • net-mgmt/net-snmp – Graphing tool • databases/rrdtool – Perl module • Net::SNMPTrapd(install it from CPAN by root) • NetSNMP::agent(embedded on Net-snmp) Requirement – SNMP Agent Functions of SNMP agent get set getnext(bonus) Auto trigger the trap if resource limit exceeded (every 30s) To get system resources CPU/Memory/Disk usage Network flow(incoming/outgoing) Any resources you want(bonus) Requirement – SNMP Trapd SNMP trapd When server receives SNMP trap from client, then sends a mail to manager SNMP agent: SNMP trapd: agent agent SNMP SNMP collecter trapd agent agent Requirement – Front End Graphing Multiple items with one graph Introduction to RRDtool RRDtool was written by Tobi Oetiker, the author of MRTG Round Robin Database(RRD) Command line based Bindings exist for Perl, Python, Ruby, Tcl, PHP and Lua RRDtool – QuickStart Part of functions(man rrdtool) • Flow Create create RRD file Set up a new Round Robin Database (RRD). update Fetch data Store new data values into an RRD graph Create a graph from data stored in one or several update RRDs dump Dump the contents of an RRD in plain ASCII graphing Define Data Sources (Inputs) DS:cpu:COUNTER:600:0:100000000 DS = Data Source cpu = variable name COUNTER, GAUGE = variable type 600 = heartbeat, UNKNOWN returned for interval 0:100000000 = MIN:MAX, limits on variable Define Archives (Outputs)‏ RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:24 RRA = Round Robin Archive AVERAGE, MIN, MAX, LAST = consolidation function 0.5 = xfiles factor 1:24 = this RRA keeps each sample (average over one 5 minute primary sample), 24 times (which is 2 hours worth)‏ Ps. All depends on step size which defaults to 5 minutes RRDtool – Create and Update // create.sh #!/bin/sh rrdtool create cpu.rrd -s 300 \ DS:rs:GAUGE:600:0:10000000 \ RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:603 \ RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:6:603 \ RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:24:603 \ RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:288:800 \ RRA:MAX:0.5:1:603 \ RRA:MAX:0.5:6:603 \ RRA:MAX:0.5:24:603 \ RRA:MAX:0.5:288:800 // update.sh data1=`hexdump -n4 -e\"%u\" /dev/random` data1c=`expr $data1 % 100` ${RRD_CMD} update ${CPU_RRD} ${NOW}:${data1c} RRDtool – Graph // update.sh for t in H d w m y do ${RRD_CMD} graph ${IMAGE_PATH}/rs-${t}.png \ --title "NA rrdtool example " \ DEF:rs=${CPU_RRD}:rs:AVERAGE \ COMMENT:"-----------------------\n" \ LINE1:rs#0055ff:"item1" \ GPRINT:rs:AVERAGE:"%6.0lf \n" \ -v "left (%%%%)" -l 0\ -Y -X b -h 250 -w 500 -s `date -v -1${t} +%s` done Appendix • Using CPAN with a non-root account – http://sial.org/howto/perl/life-with-cpan/non-root • How to use rrdtool? – http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/ – rrdtool 中文教學 • http://www.study-area.org/tips/rrdtool/rrdtool.html • How to know OID is for? • MIB browser • Installation notes of NetSNMP – Configuration options • [X] PERL Install additional perl modules • [X] PERL_EMBEDDED Build embedded perl – Simply configure your /usr/local/share/snmp/snmpd.conf.
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