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Uzbekistan 2020 Crime & Safety Report

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Uzbekistan 2020 Crime & Safety Report Uzbekistan 2020 Crime & Safety Report This is an annual report produced in conjunction with the Regional Security Office at the U.S. Embassy in Tashkent. OSAC encourages travelers to use this report to gain baseline knowledge of security conditions in Uzbekistan. For more in-depth information, review OSAC’s country-specific page for original OSAC reporting, consular messages, and contact information, some of which may be available only to private- sector representatives with an OSAC password. Travel Advisory The current U.S. Department of State Travel Advisory at the date of this report’s publication assesses Uzbekistan at Level 1, indicating that travelers should exercise normal precautions. Review OSAC’s report, Understanding the Consular Travel Advisory System. Overall Crime and Safety Situation Crime Threats The U.S. Department of State has assessed Tashkent as being a MEDIUM-threat location for crime directed at or affecting official U.S. government interests. The Government of Uzbekistan does not release accurate crime statistics; most data comes through informal sources. Open-source reporting on crimes within Uzbekistan increased in 2019, but this does not necessarily correspond to an increase in actual crime. Violent crimes against foreign victims are rare. Crimes of opportunity (e.g. mugging, pickpocketing, snatch-and-grab robbery, theft of unattended bags, purse snatching) are common, especially in crowded places (e.g. bazaars, public transportation) and in more impoverished areas of Tashkent. Home burglaries and break-ins occur, even in wealthier neighborhoods. In general, locals perceive foreigners to be wealthy, and target them for financially motivated crime. Most expatriate houses in Uzbekistan have more substantial residential security features relative to homes in the United States. Nightclubs frequented by foreign clientele are targets for illicit activity, and have previously been the focus of law-enforcement operations. Simultaneous raids on these and similar establishments occurred frequently up until early 2018; authorities used a loosely enforced curfew to detain patrons for document verification and questioning, often taking several hours. In 2018, there were several violent incidents at nightclubs in Tashkent, including the murder of a patron beaten to death by security guards after having threatened them with a knife. The nightclub, located in the center of Tashkent, closed; the security guards face criminal charges. Unofficial news outlets and informal sources report violent crimes in some of the more impoverished areas of Tashkent, including some parts of Sergeli, Chilanzar, and Hamza districts, and around the Chorsu Market in the Old City. Unsolved property and violent crimes are more common in these areas. Although the official and black-market exchange rates for the Uzbek soum have come back into alignment, the practice of exchanging money on the black market is still illegal. Anyone engaging in black market currency exchange risks receiving counterfeit bills, as well as detainment, interrogation, or arrest. 1 Uzbekistan remains a predominately cash economy. Establishments often do not accept credit cards or U.S. ATM cards. ATMs regularly run out of cash. Vendors and banks frequently reject U.S. cash that is not “crispy” (clean, no wrinkles, no marks). There is a substantial risk of fraud outside of major establishments and banks. For more information, review OSAC’s report, The Overseas Traveler’s Guide to ATM Skimmers & Fraud. There are no official statistics reported for vehicle theft (including carjacking), but unofficial reports advise that it does occur. Corruption is endemic in the public and private sectors, and often closely involves criminal mechanisms. Criminal links exist throughout Uzbek society. Other Areas of Concern Exercise caution while traveling throughout Uzbekistan. Due to increased security measures, any attempts to navigate Uzbekistan’s land borders could be difficult and invite delays. Despite official Uzbek government announcements of an increased number of border-crossing stations, many border crossings with neighboring countries remain closed or inoperable. Proper documentation (i.e. current passport, valid visa for the destination) are essential for both internal and external travel. Even with proper documentation, unexpected border closures and restrictions against non-Central Asians may prevent crossing. If you plan to return to Uzbekistan after crossing the border, ensure you have a valid multiple-entry visa. Some Western travelers have traveled to neighboring countries only to realize they cannot return because their visa was for a single entry. The most direct routes in certain areas of the Fergana Valley are along roads that may temporarily cross poorly demarcated or disputed borders. Locals use these so-called transit roads daily without incident. Authorities may consider crossing the border in this manner, even inadvertently, as an immigration violation. Review OSAC’s reports, All That You Should Leave Behind, The Overseas Traveler’s Guide to ATM Skimmers & Fraud, Hotels: The Inns and Outs and Considerations for Hotel Security, and Taking Credit. Transportation-Safety Situation Road Safety and Road Conditions Traffic safety is a major concern. Roads suffer from poor maintenance, with uneven surfaces and large potholes. Traffic lights malfunction frequently, and street lighting is poor to non-existent, particularly on secondary roads where driving at night is unadvisable. Highways and roads outside of most major cities are serviceable; travel only during daylight hours for adequate visibility. It is common for local drivers to drive at night without headlights, especially outside of Tashkent. 2 Local drivers exhibit a general lack of respect for traffic rules/regulations, including disregarding lane markings, driving on the opposite side of the street, and making sudden lane changes without signaling. Personal vehicles operating as ad hoc, informal cabs will pull over without warning to pick up passengers, and often make turns from any lane. Minor and moderate traffic accidents are frequent. Officially, parties involved in an accident must contact the police and exchange insurance information; in practice, cases often resolve on the street with a cash payment by the offending party. This is a normal, albeit illegal, practice, since formal investigations are time-consuming, bureaucratic, and cumbersome. Rampant corruption with respect to traffic citations and accident investigations exists. Newly installed traffic cameras enforce red light and speeding violations, which has led to new, abrupt traffic behaviors. Uzbekistan allows a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.3 for drivers. Drunk drivers are also a concern, although there is technically a zero-tolerance policy. Pedestrians have the right of way. Vehicles will often stop abruptly to allow pedestrians to cross at designated areas. While crosswalks are common, pedestrians do not always use them. Pedestrians frequently stand in traffic to hail a taxi and attempt to cross the street where there is no pedestrian crossing. Many people walk in the street, often wearing dark clothing, and are difficult to see, especially in inclement weather and in the dark. Some drivers are inattentive to the presence of pedestrians. This combination leads to frequent, serious pedestrian/vehicular accidents – especially at night. The government has been installing traffic radar and cameras on roads and intersections are able to detect speeding and traffic light violations. The speed limit is generally 70km/hr in towns and 100 km/hr on highways outside towns. Depending upon security conditions, U.S. nationals may experience restricted personal movement to certain parts of the country, including the temporary closing of roads to traffic, and frequent vehicle and personal identification checks. For more information, review OSAC’s reports, Road Safety Abroad, Driving Overseas: Best Practices, and Evasive Driving Techniques; and read the State Department’s webpage on driving and road safety abroad. Public Transportation Conditions Public transportation in Tashkent consists of an underground metro system and buses (including microbuses). The metro is fairly clean and affordable, and features armed police surveillance. Authorities usually search personal items, and it is common for guards to review identification documents. Buses are generally crowded and offer pickpockets easy targets. Unlicensed buses and damas vans come with increased safety and security risks. The U.S. Embassy advises its employees to use radio-dispatched, app-dispatched, or well-marked taxicabs. Avoid unregistered cabs for crime and safety reasons. Taxis may try to pick up additional passengers, raising the risk of crime or scams. Police will not assist victims of price gouging or scamming by unregistered taxis. Very few taxis have or allow the use of seatbelts. Travel by rail is popular, and the advent of high-speed rail lines provides an effective, alternative form of transportation. Security measures at train stations are similar to those at airports. For more information, review OSAC’s Report, Security in Transit: Airplanes, Public Transport, and Overnights. 3 Aviation/Airport Conditions Islam Karimov Tashkent International Airport (TAS) maintains relatively robust security. Travelers should prepare for long lines, line jumpers, and a crowded baggage retrieval area; however, the airport is implementing customer service improvements. Customs regulations
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