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The Changing Face of American White Supremacy Our Mission: to Stop the Defamation of the Jewish People and to Secure Justice and Fair Treatment for All
A report from the Center on Extremism 09 18 New Hate and Old: The Changing Face of American White Supremacy Our Mission: To stop the defamation of the Jewish people and to secure justice and fair treatment for all. ABOUT T H E CENTER ON EXTREMISM The ADL Center on Extremism (COE) is one of the world’s foremost authorities ADL (Anti-Defamation on extremism, terrorism, anti-Semitism and all forms of hate. For decades, League) fights anti-Semitism COE’s staff of seasoned investigators, analysts and researchers have tracked and promotes justice for all. extremist activity and hate in the U.S. and abroad – online and on the ground. The staff, which represent a combined total of substantially more than 100 Join ADL to give a voice to years of experience in this arena, routinely assist law enforcement with those without one and to extremist-related investigations, provide tech companies with critical data protect our civil rights. and expertise, and respond to wide-ranging media requests. Learn more: adl.org As ADL’s research and investigative arm, COE is a clearinghouse of real-time information about extremism and hate of all types. COE staff regularly serve as expert witnesses, provide congressional testimony and speak to national and international conference audiences about the threats posed by extremism and anti-Semitism. You can find the full complement of COE’s research and publications at ADL.org. Cover: White supremacists exchange insults with counter-protesters as they attempt to guard the entrance to Emancipation Park during the ‘Unite the Right’ rally August 12, 2017 in Charlottesville, Virginia. -
1 U.S. White Supremacy Groups Key Points
U.S. White Supremacy Groups Key Points: • Some modern white supremacist groups, such as The Base, Hammerskin Nation, and Atomwaffen Division, subscribe to a National Socialist (neo-Nazi) ideology. These groups generally make no effort to hide their overt racist belief that the white race is superior to others. • Other modern white supremacist groups, however, propagate their radical stances under the guise of white ethno-nationalism, which seeks to highlight the distinctiveness––rather than the superiority––of the white identity. Such groups, which include the League of the South and Identity Evropa, usually claim that white identity is under threat from minorities or immigrants that seek to replace its culture, and seek to promote white ethno- nationalism as a legitimate ideology that belongs in mainstream political spheres. • Most modern white supremacist groups eschew violent tactics in favor of using demonstrations and propaganda to sway public opinion and portray their ideologies as legitimate. However, their racial elitist ideologies have nonetheless spurred affiliated individuals to become involved in violent altercations. • White supremacist groups often target youth for recruitment through propaganda campaigns on university campuses and social media platforms. White supremacists have long utilized Internet forums and websites to connect, organize, and propagate their extremist messages. Executive Summary Since the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) first formed in 1865, white supremacist groups in the United States have propagated racism, hatred, and violence. Individuals belonging to these groups have been charged with a range of crimes, including civil rights violations, racketeering, solicitation to commit crimes of violence, firearms and explosives violations, and witness tampering.1 Nonetheless, white supremacist groups––and their extremist ideologies––persist in the United States today. -
Fascism in the Contemporary US
Fascism in the Contemporary US Kevin Reuning October 24, 2017 Kevin Reuning Fascism in the Contemporary US Contemporary Fascism in the US ◦ Three Generations of Fascist Organizations ◦ The Alt-Right and Fascisim ◦ What are they doing? Kevin Reuning Fascism in the Contemporary US Fascist Groups Kevin Reuning Fascism in the Contemporary US Fascist Groups Kevin Reuning Fascism in the Contemporary US Fascist Groups Kevin Reuning Fascism in the Contemporary US Fascist Groups Kevin Reuning Fascism in the Contemporary US Fascist Groups Kevin Reuning Fascism in the Contemporary US Fascist Groups Kevin Reuning Fascism in the Contemporary US Fascist Groups Kevin Reuning Fascism in the Contemporary US Fascist Groups Kevin Reuning Fascism in the Contemporary US Fascist Groups Kevin Reuning Fascism in the Contemporary US Three Generations of Fascist Organizations Old Guard: Traditional organizations but often built around single individuals. ◦ National Alliance (1970) ◦ National Socialist Movement (1994ish) ◦ The League of the South (1994) ◦ American Freedom Party (2009) Kevin Reuning Fascism in the Contemporary US First Wave of Internet Organizations Less of organizations and more of platforms for connecting. ◦ StormFront (1995) ◦ Daily Stormer (2013) Kevin Reuning Fascism in the Contemporary US New Wave Mixture of organizations and platorms, still driven by individual identities. ◦ Richard Spencer's Alt-Right (2017) ◦ Traditionalist Worker Party (2015) ◦ Identity Evropa (2016) ◦ Anti-Communist Action (2017?) ◦ Vanguard America/Patriot Front (2014?/2017) Kevin Reuning Fascism in the Contemporary US How big are they? Hatreon Social Media Individual or Group Amount Donors Facebook Twitter Daily Stormer $7,843 214 Suspended Richard Spencer $531 48 15,996 77,302 StormFront $654 13 Identity Evropa 21,959 Trad Worker Party 2,877 Kevin Reuning Fascism in the Contemporary US Fascists Organizations ◦ Develop around a single leader, tend to fall apart when the leader vanishes. -
Daily Stormer Book Clubs (SBC)
Daily Stormer Book Clubs (SBC) SBCs are small localized crews of young white men who follow and support Andrew Anglin and his neo-Nazi website, The Daily Stormer. SBC members present themselves as American Nationalists and are part of the alt right segment of the white supremacist movement. SBC members have attended events and demonstrations organized by other white supremacist groups. SBC rhetoric and propaganda is dominated by crude and vitriolic anti- Semitic language and graphics. SBC members, who are considered the “on the ground” arm of the Daily Stormer website, spread their hateful propaganda via the Internet and by distributing fliers. 1 / 15 Daily Stormer Book Clubs are small crews of young white men who follow and support AnAnAnAndrdrdrdrewewewew An AnAnAnglinglinglinglin and his neo-Nazi website, The Daily Stormer. Launched in July 2013, the website is notorious for its hateful, racist content and troll culture. Anglin and other contributors use the site to promote Hitler, Holocaust denial, anti-Semitism and other forms of hate. The website’s propaganda includes trolling instructions and urges readers to use these techniques to harass Jews and other minorities, as well as women and journalists. Origins: Stormer Book Clubs were first proposed by Andrew Anglin in August 2016. Anglin explained that these groups of millennial males, “a real-life troll army,” would build bonds and develop a brotherhood as they prepare for the coming race war. The operations he outlined included firearms training, going to the gym, reading books, and political activism, including participation in protests and demonstrations. Initially, “real-life” Stormer Book club activity was very limited. -
Here Has Been a Marked Uptick in White Nationalist Activity in the National Sphere
FFRROOMM SSTTUUDDEENNTT PPOOLLIITTIICCSS TTOO CCAAPPIITTOOLL IINNSSUURRRREECCTTIIOONN THE INTENSIFICATION OF EXTREMISM AT UCLA AND BEYOND From Student Politics to Capitol Insurrection: The Intensification of Extremism at UCLA and Beyond Grace Johnston-Glick and James Nee (National); Lacy Green and Gavin Quan (State); Brandon Broukhim and Talla Khelghati (UCLA) Edited by Erin Onarecker With support from David N. Myers, Maia Ferdman, and Ann Major March 2021 This report is a follow-up to the UCLA Luskin Center for History and Policy report from November 2019 All is Not Well in the Golden State: The Scourge of White Nationalism in Southern California Preface In June 2020, the Luskin Center for History and Policy released a report “All is Not Well in the Golden State: The Scourge of White Nationalism in Southern California.” Produced by a team of undergraduate researchers from UCLA, the report provided extensive background to and mapping of the rise of extreme white nationalist activity in the region and state. Since the release of that report, there has been a marked uptick in white nationalist activity in the national sphere. The tumultuous final month of the Trump presidency, especially prompted by the false claim of a stolen election and culminating in the January 6 Capitol assault, pushed from the margins to the center of public attention a loose coalition of far-right actors, often motivated by conspiracy theories such as QAnon, some of whom are intent on violent insurrection. The highly polarized political climate—and even extremist expressions—have now made their way to college campuses in the United States, including to UCLA. -
Digitalt Slagfält – En Studie Av Radikalnationalistiska Digitala Miljöer
Digitalt slagfält En studie av radikalnationalistiska digitala miljöer Lisa Kaati, Katie Cohen, Nazar Akrami, Amendra Shrestha, Johan Fernquist, Björn Pelzer, Frej Welander, Tim Isbister FOI-R--4813--SE Oktober 2019 Lisa Kaati, Katie Cohen, Nazar Akrami, Amendra Shrestha, Johan Fernquist, Björn Pelzer, Frej Welander, Tim Isbister Digitalt slagfält En studie av radikalnationalistiska digitala miljöer FOI-R--4813--SE Titel Digitalt slagfält Title Digital Battlefield Rapportnr/Report no FOI-R--4813--SE Månad/Month Oktober Utgivningsår/Year 2019 Antal sidor/Pages 75 Kund/Customer Justitiedepartementet Forskningsområde Ledningsteknologi Projektnr/Project no A68003 Godkänd av/Approved by Cecilia Dahlgren Ansvarig avdelning Försvars- och säkerhetssystem Bild/Cover: ”Bowl cut” – detalj från bild hämtad från Unicorn Riot (unicornriot.ninja) Detta verk är skyddat enligt lagen (1960:729) om upphovsrätt till litterära och konstnärliga verk, vilket bl.a. innebär att citering är tillåten i enlighet med vad som anges i 22 § i nämnd lag. För att använda verket på ett sätt som inte medges direkt av svensk lag krävs särskild överenskommelse. This work is protected by the Swedish Act on Copyright in Literary and Artistic Works (1960:729). Citation is permitted in accordance with article 22 in said act. Any form of use that goes beyond what is permitted by Swedish copyright law, requires the written permission of FOI 2 FOI-R--4813--SE Sammanfattning Denna rapport ingår i det uppdrag som regeringen har tilldelat Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut och i vilket kartläggningar och analyser av våldsbejakande extremistisk propaganda ska utföras (Ku2016/01373/D samt Ju2018/01298/KRIM). Den senaste tiden har ett flertal attentat inträffat runtom i världen där gärningspersonen inspirerats av radikalnationalistiska ideologier. -
1 U.S. White Supremacy Groups Key Points: • Some Modern White
U.S. White Supremacy Groups Key Points: • Some modern white supremacist groups, such as The Base, Hammerskin Nation, and National Socialist Order (formerly Atomwaffen Division), subscribe to a National Socialist (neo-Nazi) ideology. These groups generally make no effort to hide their overt racist belief that the white race is superior to others. • Other modern white supremacist groups, however, propagate their radical stances under the guise of white ethno-nationalism, which seeks to highlight the distinctiveness––rather than the superiority––of the white identity. Such groups, which include the League of the South and Identity Evropa, usually claim that white identity is under threat from minorities or immigrants that seek to replace its culture, and seek to promote white ethno- nationalism as a legitimate ideology that belongs in mainstream political spheres. • Most modern white supremacist groups eschew violent tactics in favor of using demonstrations and propaganda to sway public opinion and portray their ideologies as legitimate. However, their racial elitist ideologies have nonetheless spurred affiliated individuals to become involved in violent altercations. • White supremacist groups often target youth for recruitment through propaganda campaigns on university campuses and social media platforms. White supremacists have long utilized Internet forums and websites to connect, organize, and propagate their extremist messages. Executive Summary Since the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) first formed in 1865, white supremacist groups in the United States have propagated racism, hatred, and violence. Individuals belonging to these groups have been charged with a range of crimes, including civil rights violations, racketeering, solicitation to commit crimes of violence, firearms and explosives violations, and witness tampering.1 Nonetheless, white supremacist groups––and their extremist ideologies––persist in the United States today. -
Heaval and Con- Tainment in the Horn of Afri
Red Lines: Up- heaval and Con- tainment in the Horn of Afri- ca Red Lines: Up- heaval and Con- tainment in the Horn of Afri- ca jhkjA NATIONAL EMERGENCY: HOW COVID-19 IS FUELING UNREST IN THE US The Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) March 2021 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In March 2020, the Trump administration declared the novel coronavirus pandemic a national emergency in the United States. Although the US is home to just 4% of the world’s population, it now accounts for a quarter of all confirmed COVID-19 cases and a fifth of the death toll (New York Times, 2021). A year on, more than half a million people have died of COVID-19 across the country (CDC, 2021), and the new Biden administration has officially extended the national emergency beyond its March 2021 expiration date (CNBC, 25 February 2021). The health crisis has exacerbated existing inequalities and political faultlines in the US, contributing to a surge of unrest throughout the country. New analysis of ACLED data — now extended to the beginning of 2020 — re- veals the full scope of the pandemic’s impact on American protest patterns for the first time. Key Findings Trends in pandemic-related demonstrations are closely correlated with trends in COVID-19 cases, with spikes in unrest matching infection waves reported throughout 2020. ACLED data show that the majority of these demonstrations have been organized around five main drivers: the risks faced by health workers, the safety of prisoners and ICE detainees, anti-restriction mobilization, the eviction crisis, and school closures. -
Hate Symbols Database
HATE ON DISPLAY™ HATE SYMBOLS DATABASE 1 HATE ON DISPLAY This database provides an overview of many of the symbols most frequently used by a variety of white supremacist groups and movements, as well as some other types of hate groups. You can find the full listings at adl.org/hate-symbols INTRODUCTION TO THE HATE ON DISPLAY HATE SYMBOLS DATABASE ADL is a leading anti-hate organization that was founded in 1913 in response to an escalating climate of anti-Semitism and bigotry. Today, ADL is the first call when acts of anti-Semitism occur and continues to fight all forms of hate. A global leader in exposing extremism, delivering anti-bias education and fighting hate online, ADL’s ultimate goal is a world in which no group or individual suffers from bias, discrimination or hate. ADL’s Center on Extremism debuted its Hate on Display hate symbols database in 2000, establishing the database as the first and foremost resource on the internet for symbols, codes, and memes used by white supremacists and other types of haters. Over the past two decades, Hate on Display has regularly been updated with new symbols and images as they have come into common use by extremists, as well as new functions to make it more useful and convenient for users. Although the database contains many examples of online usage and shared graphics, another feature that makes it unique is its emphasis on real world examples of hate symbols—showing them as extremists actually use them: on signs and clothing, graffiti and jewelry, and even on their own bodies as tattoos and brands. -
White Supremacist Propaganda Nearly Doubles on Campus in 2017-18 Academic Year
White Supremacist Propaganda Nearly Doubles on Campus in 2017-18 Academic Year ADL’s Center on Extremism continues to track a growing number of white supremacist propaganda efforts targeting college campuses, including the distribution of racist, anti-Semitic and Islamophobic fliers, stickers, banners and posters. The 2017-18 data shows a 77777777 per perperpercentcentcentcent in ininincrcrcrcreaseeaseeaseease of incidents from the previous academic year, with 292 cases reported, compared to 165 in 2016-2017. White supremacists have been actively targeting U.S. college campuses since January 2016, but the practice failed to gain any real traction until the fall semester of that year. Since then, propaganda efforts have steadily increased. Since September 1, 2016, ADL has recorded 478 incidents of white supremacist propaganda appearing on college and university campuses. These campaigns 1 / 6 have targeted 287 college campuses in 47 states and the District of Columbia. This continues to be a favorite tactic among groups within the alt right segment of the white supremacist movement. IdentityIdentityIdentityIdentity E EEEvrvrvrvropaopaopaopa was responsible for nearly half (230 of 478) of the incidents while PPPPatriotatriotatriotatriot F FFFrrrrontontontont (which formed only nine months ago) is responsible for 70 incidents. Andrew Anglin’s DailyDailyDailyDaily St StStStormormormormerererer Boo BooBooBookkkk Clubs ClubsClubsClubs have targeted campuses, albeit to a much lesser degree (16 incidents). Tiny, localized alt right groups have also targeted campuses -- including Louisiana- based Identity Acadia, West Virginia-based Patriots of Appalachia, New York’s White Rochester, Idaho’s Boise State Nationalists and New Jersey’s European Heritage Association. Several National Socialist groups have targeted college campuses, as well. -
Hate in the Homeland: the New Global Far Right
Contents Preface and Acknowledgements xiii Abbreviations xvii Introduction: The Where and When of Radicalization 1 What Is the Far Right? 4 Contested Labels 15 Blurriness and Contestation across the Far- Right Spectrum 17 How Big Is the Threat? 19 Youth Spaces, Youth Places 22 Overview of the Book 27 Chapter 1 Space, Place, and the Power of Homelands 29 Space and Place 30 Homelands and Heartlands 32 The Fantasy of a White Ethno- state 39 National Liberated Zones 41 Space, Place, and Extremist Radicalization 44 Chapter 2 Mainstreaming the Message 45 Extreme Ideas in Po liti cal Speech 48 Valorizing the Pure People 48 Embedding Anti- immigrant Messages in Antiglobalization Frames 50 Immigration as Existential Threat: Normalizing the Rhe toric of White Genocide 53 Disinformation and Conspiracy Theories 55 ix x Contents From Pizzagate to the Mi grant Caravan: Conspiracy Theories and the Far Right 56 Weaponizing Youth Culture: Mainstreamed Aesthetics 62 Cleaning Up Extreme Ideas 63 Weaponizing Youth Culture: Humor and New Communication Styles 65 Integrated Mainstreaming 67 Chapter 3 Selling Extremism: Food, Fashion, and Far- Right Markets 69 Edible Extremism: Prepping in the Kitchen, Prepping for the End Times 70 Wearable Hate: Extremist Clothing 78 Packaging Extremist Messaging 82 Broadening the Base: Recruitment to the Far Right 83 Embodying Extremism: How Commercial Markets and Products Can Radicalize 85 Mobilization: Access and Action 87 Funding and Supporting Extremism 89 To Ban or Not to Ban 91 Chapter 4 Defending the Homeland: Fight -
White Supremacist Provocateurs
Toward a Useful Taxonomy of White Supremacist Attitudes An Occasional Paper for the Center for Security Policy By David Hines September 15, 2020 Contents INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................... 3 KEY POINTS TO UNDERSTAND ....................................................................................................... 4 ESTIMATING WHITE SUPREMACIST NUMBERS............................................................................. 5 TYPES OF WHITE SUPREMACISTS AND WHITE SUPREMACIST GROUPS .............................. 8 THE PUGNACIOUS WHITE SUPREMACIST .................................................................................. 8 THE SQUARE WHITE SUPREMACIST ........................................................................................... 11 THE CHAOTIC WHITE SUPREMACIST ......................................................................................... 13 CONCLUSION: ........................................................................................................................................ 19 About the Author ..................................................................................................................................... 21 SOURCES .................................................................................................................................................. 22 2 INTRODUCTION The rise in white supremacist organizing efforts in the United States should