Phuket Mar. Biol. Cent. Res. Bull.77: 43–59 (2020) DOI: 10.14456/Pmbcrb.2020.5
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Phuket mar. biol. Cent. Res. Bull.77: 43–59 (2020) DOI: 10.14456/pmbcrb.2020.5 DEEP-SEA FISHES FROM THE ANDAMAN SEA BY R/V CHAKRATONG TONGYAI DURING 1996–2000. PART 5: ORDER PERCIFORMES Toshio Kawai1*, Fumihito Tashiro2, Naohide Nakayama3, Hisashi Imamura1, 2, Kota Kamiyama4, Charatsee Aungtonya5 and Surapong Banchongmanee5 1 Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan 2 Fisheries Science Center, The Hokkaido University Museum, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan 3 School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai University, Shimizu, Shizuoka 424-8610, Japan 4 Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan 5 Phuket Marine Biological Center, Wichit Subdistrict, Muang District, Phuket 83000, Thailand *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Perciform fish specimens collected by the project of the Biodiversity of the Andaman Sea Shelf (BIOSHELF) during 1996–2000 were identified as 19 species which belong to 9 families. This study represents the first records of the following 7 species from the Andaman Sea: i.e., acropomatid Parascombrops pellucidus Alcock, 1889, Symphysanodon maunaloae Anderson, 1970, chiasmodontids Chiasmodon braueri Weber, 1913 and Kali kerberti (Weber, 1913), champsodontid Champsodon sagittus Nemeth, 1994, trichiurid Benthodesmus macrophthalmus Parin and Becker, 1970, and nomeid Cubiceps kotlyari Agafonova, 1988. Keywords: Parascombrops pellucidus, Symphysanodon maunaloae, Chiasmodon braueri, Kali kerberti, Champsodon sagittus, Benthodesmus macrophthalmus, Cubiceps kotlyari, Thailand, BIOSHELF INTRODUCTION Symphysanodontidae and Trichiuridae in the order Perciformes (sensu Nelson 2006) are reported A comprehensive taxonomic study of deep-sea in this study. According to Nelson et al. (2016), fishes collected by R/V Chakratong Tongyai Champsodontidae and Chiasmodontidae are included through the Biodiversity of the Andaman Sea Shelf in Trachiniformes, Gempylidae, Nomeidae and (BIOSHELF) project (see details in Aungtonya et Trichiuridae in Scombriformes, and the others in al. 2000) was started by Kawai et al. (2017) who Perciformes. treated the order Scorpaeniformes (sensu Nelson 2006). Later, species of the orders Beryciformes MATERIALS AND METHODS and Stephanoberyciformes (sensu Nelson 2006) were reported by Kimura et al. (2019a), the orders All specimens were caught from deep-sea waters Albuliformes, Atelepodiformes and Lampriformes of the Andaman Sea by BIOSHELF (Aungtonya et (sensu Nelson 2006) by Kawai et al. (2020), and al. 2000). Those specimens have been kept in 70% the order Argentiniformes (sensu Nelson 2006) ethyl alcohol after fixation by 10% formalin, and by Senda et al. (2020). Melamphaes brachysomus have been deposited at the Reference Collection of (order Stephanoberyciformes) and Bembradium Phuket Marine Biological Center, Phuket, Thailand magnoculum (order Scorpaeniformes) were newly (PMBC). Comparative materials are also deposited described by Kimura et al. (2019b) and Kishimoto at PMBC. et al. (2019), respectively. Following previous Counts and proportional measurements follow studies, 19 deep-sea fish species which belong to Hubbs and Lagler (1958), but the number of gill Acropomatidae, Champsodontidae, Chiasmodontidae, rakers of Trichiurus lepturus was counted in Epigonidae, Gempylidae, Nomeidae, Ostracoberycidae, accordance with Burhanuddin et al. (2002). Terminology 44 Phuket mar. biol. Cent. Res. Bull. of the sensory canals of Chiasmodon and the jaw patch V-shaped; dentary with 2–4 lateral fangs; to- dentition of Kali follow Webb (1989) and Melo tal gill rakers 19–25 (Schwarzhans and Prokofiev (2008), respectively. Total, standard and head 2017). lengths are abbreviated as TL, SL and HL, respectively. Measurements were made to the nearest 0.1 mm Materials. PMBC 25061, 37 specimens, 34.8–49.3 with calipers and a metallic ruler. Dorsal-, anal- and mm SL, St. K4, 7˚00′N 98˚21′E to 6˚59′N 98˚21′E, caudal-fin rays, and vertebrae were counted from a 104–101 m depth, Agassiz trawl, 23 Feb. 2000; radiograph. PMBC 30088, 2 specimens, 46.1–47.1 mm SL, St. L6, 6˚45′N 98˚06′E to 6˚44′N 98˚05′E, 303–313 m SPECIES LIST depth, Agassiz trawl, 23 Feb. 2000. Family Acropomatidae Distribution. Red Sea, off Somalia and Arabian Parascombrops pellucidus Alcock, 1889 Sea to Bay of Bengal (Schwarzhans and Prokofiev Fig. 1 2017), and Andaman Sea (present study). Diagnosis. Anal-fin rays II, 7; second spine of first Remarks. Because this species has never been dorsal fin, and second spine of anal fin without known from the Andaman Sea (e.g., Alcock 1899; serration; pectoral fin reaching anal-fin origin, Satapoomin 2011; Rajan et al. 2013), this report is pectoral-fin length 27–31% SL; pelvic-fin spine the first record from this area. serrated; no tooth patch on tongue; vomerine tooth Figure 1. Parascombrops pellucidus, PMBC 30088, 47.1 mm SL. Scale bar indicates 10 mm. Synagrops japonicus (Döderlein in 25062, 1 specimen, 118.7 mm SL, St. Z3, 7˚42′N Steindachner and Döderlein, 1883) 97˚20′E to 7˚42′N 97˚18′E, 493–322 m depth, otter Fig. 2 trawl, 24 Jan. 1999; PMBC 27110, 2 specimens, 118.3–122.7 mm SL, St. E8, 8˚32′N 96˚04′E to Diagnosis. Dorsal fins separated by a gap; anal-fin 8˚31′N 96˚07′E, 488–478 m depth, otter trawl, 6 rays II, 7–8; pectoral fin not reaching to anus; Feb. 1999. pelvic-fin spine smooth; lateral-line scales 28–33; canines in jaws; distinct longitudinal ridge on lateral Distribution. Tropical and temperate waters of the surface of maxilla; top of head naked; gill rakers world except for eastern Pacific (e.g., Yamakawa on lower limb 12–15 (Hatooka 2013a; Heemstra 1982; Heemstra 1986, 2016; Satapoomin 2011; 2016). Hatooka 2013a). Materials. PMBC 25060, 29 specimens, 110.4–152.5 Comparative material. PMBC 29989, 1 specimen, mm SL, St. J8, 7˚21′N 97˚26′E to 7˚20′N 97˚25′E, 127.4 mm SL, eastern Indian Ocean, 300–400 m 520–531 m depth, otter trawl, 27 Jan. 1999; PMBC depth, otter trawl, 8 Sep. 1980. 45 Deep-sea fishes collected from the Andaman Sea (Part 5:Perciformes ) Figure 2. Synagrops japonicus, PMBC 25062, 118.7 mm SL. Scale bar indicates 10 mm. Family Symphysanodontidae Distribution. Malacca Strait, Lombok, Sumbawa, Symphysanodon maunaloae Anderson, 1970 Solomon, New Caledonia, Tuamotu, Society, Fig. 3 Philippines, Caroline, Mariana, Kyushu-Palau Ridge, Hawaii and Johnston Atoll (Anderson 1970, Diagnosis. Anal-fin rays III, 7; length of second 1999; Tameka 1982; Myers and Donaldson 2003; anal-fin spine 11–15% SL; pectoral-fin rays 15–17; Anderson and Springer 2005; Mundy 2005; Senou lateral-line scales 42–49; total gill rakers 29–39; 2013), and Andaman Sea (present study). body depth 20–33% SL; caudal peduncle depth 10–13% SL (Anderson 1970, 1999; Tameka 1982; Remarks. Symphysanodon maunaloae was only Anderson and Springer 2005; Senou 2013). reported from the Malacca Strait in the Indian Ocean (Anderson and Springer 2005). Therefore, Material. PMBC 29975, 1 specimen, 53.3 mm SL, this report is the first record of the species from the St. Z2, 7˚42′N 97˚28′E to 7˚42′N 97˚31′E, 464–464 Andaman Sea. m depth, otter trawl, 23 Jan. 1999. Figure 3. Symphysanodon maunaloae, PMBC 29975, 53.3 mm SL. Scale bar indicates 10 mm. Family Ostracoberycidae andran et al. 2011; Hatooka 2013b; present study). Ostracoberyx dorygenys Fowler, 1934 Fig. 4 Materials. PMBC 29972, 8 specimens, 104.7– 127.5 mm SL, PMBC 29973, 6 specimens, Diagnosis. Third dorsal spine longest; posterior 111.6–126.7 mm SL, PMBC 30172, 2 specimens, margin of opercle smooth; lower gill rakers 109.3–117.0 mm SL, PMBC 30173, 10 specimens, (excluding single raker at the angle) 15–18 (Quéro 114.4–134.7 mm SL, PMBC 30343, 23 specimens, and Ozouf-Costaz 1991; Carpenter 1999; Ramach- 83.8–126.8 mm SL, St. E8, 8˚32′N 96˚04′E to 46 Phuket mar. biol. Cent. Res. Bull. 8˚31′N 96˚07′E, 488–478 m depth, otter trawl, 6 1991; Carpenter 1999; Ramachandran et al. 2011; Feb. 1999; PMBC 29976, 1 specimen, 97.1 mm Satapoomin 2011; Hatooka 2013b). SL, St. C8, 9˚00′N 96˚15′E to 9˚00′ N 96˚13′E, 478–480 m depth, Agassiz trawl, 3 Feb. 2000. Remarks. The present specimens have 15–18 lower gill rakers on the first arch [vs. 15–17 in Quéro and Distribution. Madagascar, Zanzibar, Maldives, Ozouf-Costaz (1991), Carpenter (1999), Ramach- southwest coast of India, Andaman Sea, Philippines, andran et al. (2011) and Hatooka (2013b)]. southern Japan and Taiwan (Quéro and Ozouf-Costaz Figure 4. Ostracoberyx dorygenys, PMBC 29973, 118.9 mm SL. Scale bar indicates 30 mm. Family Epigonidae Material. PMBC 26430, holotype, 95.2 mm SL Epigonus thai Prokofiev and Bussarawit in (data from Okamoto and Aungtonya 2013), St. Parin, Prokofiev and Bussarawit, 2012 L6, 6˚45′N 98˚06′E to 6˚44′N 98˚05′E, 303–313 m Fig. 5 depth, Agassiz trawl, 23 Feb. 2000. Diagnosis. Strong opercular spine present; ribs Remarks. This holotype is in poor condition absent on last abdominal vertebra; tongue toothless; caused by decalcification. See Parin et al. (2012) maxillary mustache-like process absent; total gill and Okamoto and Aungtonya (2013) for further rakers 27; vertebrae 10 + 15; pored lateral-line details. scales 44 + 3; dorsal-fin rays VII + I,10; pectoral-fin rays 19; pyloric caeca 12 (Okamoto and Aungtonya 2013). Figure 5. Epigonus thai, PMBC 26430. Photo after Okamoto and Aungtonya (2013). 47 Deep-sea fishes collected from the Andaman Sea (Part 5:Perciformes ) Family Chiasmodontidae 649–550 m depth, otter trawl, 5 Feb. 1999. Chiasmodon braueri Weber, 1913 Fig. 6 Distribution. Off Tanzania, and tropical to sub- tropical waters in the western and central Pacific, Diagnosis. Pectoral-fin rays 12–13; upper-jaw and off southeast coast of Brazil (Melo 2009), and length 70.0–77.1% HL; fangs on premaxillary Andaman Sea (present study).