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Ten-Year Report SNAKE VALLEY HYDROLOGIC MONITORING: TEN-YEAR REPORT by Peter Goodwin, Paul Inkenbrandt, Diane Menuz, Hugh Hurlow, and Drew Dittmer A contract deliverable for the Endangered Species Mitigation Fund Project ID 63, BLM UT Aquatic Special Status Species Assistant Agreement L15AC00246, and Watershed Restoration Initiative Project ID 5132 OPEN-FILE REPORT 732 UTAH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY a division of UTAH DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES 2021 SNAKE VALLEY HYDROLOGIC MONITORING: TEN-YEAR REPORT by Peter Goodwin1, Paul Inkenbrandt1, Diane Menuz1, Hugh Hurlow1, and Drew Dittmer2 1Utah Geological Survey, Salt Lake City, Utah 2Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Salt Lake City, Utah Cover photo: (clockwise from upper left) Juvenile Columbia Spotted Frog, emergent wetland north of Miller Spring, Darkthroat shootingstar in the Gandy Salt Marsh, and Central Spring in the Bishop Springs complex. Suggested citation: Goodwin, P., Inkenbrandt, P., Menuz, D., Hurlow, H., and Dittmer, D., 2021, Snake Valley hydrologic monitoring—ten-year report: Utah Geological Survey Open-File Report 732, 36 p., 2 appendices, https://doi.org/10.34191/OFR-732. OPEN-FILE REPORT 732 UTAH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY a division of UTAH DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES 2021 STATE OF UTAH Spencer J. Cox, Governor DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Brian Steed, Executive Director UTAH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY R. William Keach II, Director PUBLICATIONS contact Natural Resources Map & Bookstore 1594 W. North Temple Salt Lake City, UT 84116 telephone: 801-537-3320 toll-free: 1-888-UTAH MAP website: utahmapstore.com email: [email protected] UTAH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY contact 1594 W. North Temple, Suite 3110 Salt Lake City, UT 84116 telephone: 801-537-3300 website: geology.utah.gov This open-file release makes information available to the public that may not conform to UGS technical, editorial, or policy standards; this should be considered by an individual or group planning to take action based on the contents of this report. Although this product represents the work of professional scientists, the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Utah Geological Survey, makes no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding its suitability for a particular use. The Utah Department of Natural Resources, Utah Geological Survey, shall not be liable under any circumstances for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages with respect to claims by users of this product. CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................................ 3 STUDY AREA BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................................. 4 Hydrogeologic Setting ........................................................................................................................................................... 4 Geography and Climate .................................................................................................................................................... 4 Hydrogeology ................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Springs .............................................................................................................................................................................. 7 Sensitive Species ................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Least Chub ........................................................................................................................................................................ 8 Columbia Spotted Frog .................................................................................................................................................... 9 Mollusks ........................................................................................................................................................................... 9 SUMMARY OF EXISTING DATA .............................................................................................................................................. 9 Hydrologic Data ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Water Level Trends ........................................................................................................................................................ 13 Piezometer Hydroperiod and Vegetation ........................................................................................................................ 13 Climate Data ........................................................................................................................................................................ 15 Species Data ......................................................................................................................................................................... 15 Least Chub ...................................................................................................................................................................... 15 Columbia Spotted Frog .................................................................................................................................................. 18 Mollusks ......................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Relationships Between Climate, Water Level, and Species ................................................................................................ 18 FUTURE STUDY RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................................................. 20 Sensitive Species ................................................................................................................................................................. 20 Least Chub ...................................................................................................................................................................... 20 Columbia Spotted Frog .................................................................................................................................................. 22 Mollusks ......................................................................................................................................................................... 24 Aerial Imagery ..................................................................................................................................................................... 26 Hydrologic Studies .............................................................................................................................................................. 26 Approach .............................................................................................................................................................................. 29 ESTIMATED COSTS AND FUNDING SOURCES ................................................................................................................. 29 RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS ...................................................................................................................... 31 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .......................................................................................................................................................... 32 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................................................... 32 APPENDIX A: Species Accounts ............................................................................................................................................... 37 APPENDIX B: Wetland Complex Maps .................................................................................................................................... 44 FIGURES Figure 1. Overview of Snake Valley study area ............................................................................................................................ 5 Figure 2. Compiled annual climate data ....................................................................................................................................... 6 TABLES Table 1. Summary of springs in studied wetlands ........................................................................................................................ 7 Table 2. Summary of Snake Valley hydrologic monitoring stations ........................................................................................... 10 Table 3. Hydroperiod descriptions .............................................................................................................................................. 14 Table 4. Summary of wetland piezometers by vegetation and hydroperiod ..............................................................................
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