DOCSLIB.ORG

Publications of M. C. Lin

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Publications of M. C. Lin 6572 J. Phys. Chem. A 2007, 111, 6572-6585 Publications of M. C. Lin 1. M. C. Lin and M. H. Back, “The Thermal Decomposition 20. W. H. Green and M. C. Lin, “Pulsed Discharge Initiated of Ethane. Part I. Initiation and Termination Steps”, Can. J. Chemical Lasers. III. Complete Population Inversion in HF”, Chem., 44, 505 (1966). J. Chem. Phys., 54, 3222 (1971). 2. M. C. Lin, “The Reaction of Hydrogen and Ethylene in 21. M. C. Lin and L. E. Brus, “Chemical CO Laser from the 1 1 + 1 + the Gas Phase”, Can. J. Chem., 44, 1237 (1966). O( D) + C3O2( Σ g ) f 3CO( Σ ) Reaction”, J. Chem. Phys., 3. M. C. Lin and M. H. Back, “The Thermal Decomposition 54, 5423 (1971). of Ethane. Part II. The Unimolecular Decomposition of the 22. L. E. Brus and M. C. Lin, “Chemical HF Lasers from Ethane Molecule and the Ethyl Radical”, Can. J. Chem., 44, Flash Photolysis of Various N2F4-RH Systems”, J. Phys. Chem., 2357 (1966). 75, 2546 (1971). 1 4. M. C. Lin and M. H. Back, “The Thermal Decomposition 23. M. C. Lin, “Chemical Lasers Produced from O( D) Atom of Ethane. Part III. Secondary Reactions”, Can. J. Chem., 44, Reactions. II. A New Hydrogen Fluoride Elimination Laser from 1 + ) 2369 (1966). the O( D) CHnF4-n (n 1, 2 and 3) Reactions”, J. Phys. Chem., 75, 3642 (1971). 5. M. C. Lin and K. J. Laidler, “Kinetics of the Decomposition 1 of Ethane and Propane Sensitized by Azomethane. The De- 24. M. C. Lin, “Chemical Lasers Produced from O( D) Atom Reactions. III. HCl Elimination Lasers from the O(1D) + composition of the Normal Propyl Radical”, Can. J. Chem., 44, ) 2927 (1966). CHnCl4-n (n 1, 2 and 3) Reactions”, J. Phys. Chem., 76, 811 (1972). 6. M. C. Lin and K. J. Laidler, “Thermal Decomposition of 25. M. C. Lin, “Chemical Lasers Produced from O(1D) Atom the Sec-Butyl Radical”, Can. J. Chem., 45, 1315 (1967). Reactions. IV. Competitive Eliminations of HCl and HF from 7. M. C. Lin and M. H. Back, “Importance of the Hetero- the Vibrationally Excited ClFHCOH, Cl2FCOH and ClF2COH geneous Termination in the Pyrolysis of Ethane”, Can. J. Chem., Molecules”, J. Phys. Chem., 76, 1425 (1972). 45, 3165 (1967). 26. L. E. Brus and M. C. Lin, “Chemical Lasers Produced 8. M. C. Lin and K. J. Laidler, “Theory of the Unimolecular from O(1D) Atom Reactions. V. Carbon Monoxide Stimulated Decomposition of Ethane and of Ethyl and Methoxymethyl Emission from Flash-Initiated O3 + XCN Systems”, J. Phys. Radicals”, Trans. Faraday Soc., 64, 79 (1968). Chem., 76, 1429 (1972). 9. M. C. Lin and K. J. Laidler, “Theoretical Aspects of the 27. M. C. Lin, “Chemical Lasers Produced from O(3P) Atom Gas-Phase Thermal Isomerizations”, Trans. Faraday Soc., 64, Reactions. I. Observation of CO and HF Laser Emissions from 94 (1968). Several O-Atom Reactions”, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 5, 173 (1973). 10. M. C. Lin and K. J. Laidler, “Some Aspects of the 28. M. C. Lin, “Chemical Lasers Produced from O(3P) Atom Thermal cis-trans Isomerization Mechanisms”, Can. J. Chem., Reactions. II. A Mechanistic Study of 5-m CO Laser Emission 46, (1968). from the O + C2H2 Reaction”, Chemiluminescence and Biolu- 11. M. C. Lin and K. J. Laidler, “Falloff Behavior and Kinetic minescence - The Proceedings of the International Conference Isotope-Effects in Reactions of Cyclic Hydrocarbons”, Trans. on Chemiluminescence. Cormier, M. J., Hercules, D., Lee, J., Faraday Soc., 64, 927 (1968). Eds.; p 61; Plenum Press: New York, 1973. 12. M. C. Lin and S. H. Bauer, “Bimolecular Reaction of 29. R. J. Gordon and M. C. Lin, “Chemical HF Laser Emission from the CHF + O Reaction”, Chem. Phys. Lett., N2O with CO and the Recombination of O and CO as Studied 2 in a Single-Pulse Shock Tube”, J. Chem. Phys., 50, 3377 (1969). 22, 107 (1973). 13. M. C. Lin and S. H. Bauer, “Reactions of Oxygen 30. R. J. Gordon and M. C. Lin, “The Reaction of Nitric Fluoride in Shock Waves. I. Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxygen Oxide with Vibrationally Excited Ozone”, Chem. Phys. Lett., Fluoride Decomposition”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 91, 7737 (1969). 22, 262 (1973). 31. M. C. Lin, “The Mechanism of CO Laser Emission from 14. H. Henrici, M. C. Lin and S. H. Bauer, “Reactions of + - the CH NO Reaction”, J. Phys. Chem., 77, 2726 (1973). F2O in Shock Waves. II. Kinetics and Mechanism of the F2O 3 CO Reaction”, J. Chem. Phys., 52, 5834 (1970). 32. M. C. Lin, “Chemical Lasers Produced from O( P) Atom Reactions. III. 5 µm CO Laser Emission from the O + CH 15. M. C. Lin and W. H. Green, “Pulsed Discharge-Initiated Reaction”, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 6, 1 (1974). Chemical Lasers. I. HF Laser Emission from CHF CL, CHFCl , 2 2 33. M. C. Lin, “Photoexcitation and Photodissociation Lasers. CHF , and CF Cl -H Systems”, J. Chem. Phys., 53, 3383 3 2 2 2 Part I. Nitric Oxide Laser Emissions Resulting from C(2Π) f (1970). A(2Σ+) and D(2Σ+) f A(2Σ+) Transitions”, IEEE J. Quantum + 16. M. C. Lin, “HCl Chemical Laser from H Cl2O”, Chem. Electron., QE-10, 516 (1974). Phys. Lett., 7, 209 (1970). 34. R. G. Shortridge and M. C. Lin, “Chemical Lasers 17. M. C. Lin and S. H. Bauer, “A Chemical CO Laser”, Produced from O(3P) Atom Reactions. IV. CO Laser Emission Chem. Phys. Lett., 7, 223 (1970). from the O + CN Reaction”, J. Phys. Chem., 78, 1451 (1974). - - 18. M. C. Lin, “Chemical HF Lasers from NF3 H2 and NF3 35. M. C. Lin, “Chemical CO and CO2 Lasers Produced from C2H6 Systems”, J. Phys. Chem., 75, 284 (1971). the CH + O2 Reaction”, J. Chem. Phys., 61, 1835 (1974). 19. W. H. Green and M. C. Lin, “Pulsed Discharge Initiated 36. M. C. Lin and R. G. Shortridge, “Electronic-to-Vibrational Chemical Lasers. II. HF Laser Emission from NF3 and N2F4 Energy Transfer Reactions. X* + CO (X ) O, I and Br)”, Chem. Systems”, IEEE J. Quantum Electron., QE-7, 98 (1971). Phys. Lett., 29, 42 (1974). 10.1021/jp079522s CCC: $37.00 © 2007 American Chemical Society Published on Web 07/19/2007 J. Phys. Chem. A, Vol. 111, No. 29, 2007 6573 37. R. G. Shortridge and M. C. Lin, “Mechanisms of HF 57. M. E. Umstead, R. G. Shortridge and M. C. Lin, “Energy Laser Emissions from Flash-Initiated CHFCl2 and CH2FCl- Partitioning in the Photodissociation of C3H4O Near 200 nm”, NO Mixtures”, IEEE J. Quantum Electron., QE-10, 873 (1974). J. Phys. Chem., 82, 1455 (1978). 38. M. C. Lin, “Photoexcitation and Photodissociation Lasers. 58. D. S. Y. Hsu and M. C. Lin, “Two-Laser Studies of E f II. CO Laser Emission from the Vacuum UV Photodissociation V Energy Transfer Reactions Involving CO and Electronically of COS”, Chem. Phys., 7, 433 (1975). Excited I2, ICl and NO2”, Chem. Phys. Lett., 56, 79 (1978). 39. M. C. Lin, “Photoexcitation and Photodissociation Lasers. 59. T. L. Burks and M. C. Lin, “Non-Statistical Energy III. Mechanisms of CO Laser Emission from the Vacuum UV Partitioning in the Decomposition of Chemically Activated CF3- Photodissociation of CH2CO-O2 and CH2CO-SO2 Mixtures”, OH and CH2FOH Molecules”, Chem. Phys., 33, (1978). Chem. Phys., 7, 442 (1975). 60. M. E. Umstead and M. C. Lin, “Effect of Laser Radiation 40. R. G. Shortridge and M. C. Lin, “CO Vibrational on the Catalytic Decomposition of Formic Acid on Platinum”, Population Distributions in the Reactions of OCS with O(3P) J. Phys. Chem., 82, 2047 (1978). 1 and O( D2) Atoms”, Chem. Phys. Lett., 35, 146 (1975). 61. J. E. Butler, J. W. Hudgens, M. C. Lin and G. K. Smith, 41. M. C. Lin, R. G. Shortridge and M. E. Umstead, “The “Observation of OH (V)0,1) in the reactions of O(3P) with Dynamics of Reactions of O(3P) Atoms with Allene and HCl (V)0, 1, 2) ”, Chem. Phys. Lett., 58, 216 (1978). Methylacetylene”, Chem. Phys. Lett., 37, 279 (1976). 62. D. S. Y. Hsu, M. E. Umstead, and M. C. Lin, “Kinetics 42. R. J. Gordon and M. C. Lin, “The Reaction of Nitric and Mechanisms of Reactions of CF, CHF and CF2 Radicals”, Oxide with Vibrationally Excited Ozone. II”, J. Chem. Phys., ACS Symposium Series Monograph on Kinetics and Dynamics 64, 1058 (1976). of Reactions with Atomic Fluorine and Fluorine-Rich Poly- 43. R. G. Shortridge and M. C. Lin, “The Dynamics of the atomic Radicals; American Chemical Society: Washington, 1 1 + D.C., 1978; Vol. 66, p 128. O( D2) + CO(X Σ , V)0) Reaction”, J. Chem. Phys., 64, 4076 (1976). 63. A. Baronavski, J. E. Butler, J. W. Hudgens, M. C. Lin, 44. T. L. Burks and M. C. Lin, “Mechanisms of CF + NO J. R. McDonald, and M. E. Umstead, “Chemical Applications 2 V and CF + NO Reactions via Mass Spectral and Chemical Laser of Lasers”, Ad ances in Laser Chemistry, Zewail, A., Ed.;, Emission Measurements”, J. Chem. Phys., 64, 4235 (1976). Springer-Verlag: New York, 1978; p 62. 45. D. S. Y. Hsu and M. C. Lin, “Electronic-to-Vibrational 64. M. E. Umstead, D. E. Tevault, and M. C. Lin, “The Effect + of Laser Radiation on Catalytic Reactions”, Proc. 22nd Int. Tech. Energy Transfer Reactions: Na(3 2P) + CO(X1Σ , V)0) ”, Chem. Phys. Lett., 42, 78 (1976). Symp. Instrument Display, “Laser Spectroscopy”, p 33, Vol. 158, SPIE (1978). 46. M. E. Umstead, R. G. Shortridge and M. C.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gas-Phase Boudouard Disproportionation Reaction Between Highly Vibrationally Excited CO Molecules
    Chemical Physics 330 (2006) 506–514 www.elsevier.com/locate/chemphys Gas-phase Boudouard disproportionation reaction between highly vibrationally excited CO molecules Katherine A. Essenhigh, Yurii G. Utkin, Chad Bernard, Igor V. Adamovich *, J. William Rich Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Laboratories, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43202, USA Received 3 September 2006; accepted 21 September 2006 Available online 30 September 2006 Abstract The gas-phase Boudouard disproportionation reaction between two highly vibrationally excited CO molecules in the ground elec- tronic state has been studied in optically pumped CO. The gas temperature and the CO vibrational level populations in the reaction region, as well as the CO2 concentration in the reaction products have been measured using FTIR emission and absorption spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that CO2 formation in the optically pumped reactor is controlled by the high CO vibrational level populations, rather than by CO partial pressure or by flow temperature. The disproportionation reaction rate constant has been determined from the measured CO2 and CO concentrations using the perfectly stirred reactor (PSR) approximation. The reaction activation energy, 11.6 ± 0.3 eV (close to the CO dissociation energy of 11.09 eV), was evaluated using the statistical transition state theory, by comparing the dependence of the measured CO2 concentration and of the calculated reaction rate constant on helium partial pressure. The dispro- À18 3 portionation reaction rate constant measured at the present conditions is kf =(9±4)· 10 cm /s. The reaction rate constants obtained from the experimental measurements and from the transition state theory are in good agreement.
    [Show full text]
  • Alder Reactions of [60]Fullerene with 1,2,4,5-Tetrazines and Additions to [60]Fullerene-Tetrazine Monoadducts
    University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Spring 2002 Diels -Alder reactions of [60]fullerene with 1,2,4,5-tetrazines and additions to [60]fullerene-tetrazine monoadducts Mark Christopher Tetreau University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation Tetreau, Mark Christopher, "Diels -Alder reactions of [60]fullerene with 1,2,4,5-tetrazines and additions to [60]fullerene-tetrazine monoadducts" (2002). Doctoral Dissertations. 81. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/81 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps.
    [Show full text]
  • Taming Dinitramide Anions Within an Energetic Metal–Organic Framework
    Article pubs.acs.org/cm Taming Dinitramide Anions within an Energetic Metal−Organic Framework: A New Strategy for Synthesis and Tunable Properties of High Energy Materials † † † † ‡ † † Jichuan Zhang, Yao Du, Kai Dong, Hui Su, Shaowen Zhang, Shenghua Li,*, and Siping Pang*, † School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China ‡ School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China *S Supporting Information ABSTRACT: Energetic polynitro anions, such as dinitramide − fi fi ion [N(NO2)2 ], have attracted signi cant interest in the eld of energetic materials due to their high densities and rich oxygen contents; however, most of them usually suffer from low stability. Conveniently stabilizing energetic polynitro anions to develop new high energy materials as well as tuning their energetic properties still represent significant challenges. To address these challenges, we herein propose a novel strategy that energetic polynitro anions are encapsulated within energetic cationic metal−organic frameworks (MOFs). We − present N(NO2)2 encapsulated within a three-dimensional (3D) energetic cationic MOF through simple anion exchange. The resultant inclusion complex exhibits a remarkable thermal stability with the onset decomposition temperature of 221 °C, which is, to our knowledge, the highest value known for all dinitramide-based compounds. In addition, it possesses good energetic properties, which can be conveniently tuned by changing the mole ratio of the starting materials. The encapsulated anion can also be released in a controlled fashion without disrupting the framework. This work may shed new insights into the stabilization, storage, and release of labile energetic anions under ambient conditions, while providing a simple and convenient approach for the preparation of new energetic MOFs and the modulation of their energetic properties.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Unusual, Astronomically Significant Organic Molecules
    'lL-o Thesis titled: Some Unusual, Astronomically Significant Organic Molecules submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph,D.) by Salvatore Peppe B.Sc. (Hons.) of the Department of Ghemistty THE UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE AUSTRALIA CRUC E June2002 Preface Gontents Contents Abstract IV Statement of Originality V Acknowledgments vi List of Figures..... ix 1 I. Introduction 1 A. Space: An Imperfect Vacuum 1 B. Stellff Evolution, Mass Outflow and Synthesis of Molecules 5 C. Astronomical Detection of Molecules......... l D. Gas Phase Chemistry.. 9 E. Generation and Detection of Heterocumulenes in the Laboratory 13 L.2 Gas Phase Generation and Characterisation of Ions.....................................16 I. Gas Phase Generation of Ions. I6 A. Positive Ions .. I6 B. Even Electron Negative Ions 17 C. Radical Anions 2t tr. Mass Spectrometry 24 A. The VG ZAB 2}lF Mass Spectrometer 24 B. Mass-Analysed Ion Kinetic Energy Spectrometry......... 25 III. Characterisation of Ions.......... 26 A. CollisionalActivation 26 B. Charge Reversal.... 28 C. Neutralisation - Reionisation . 29 D. Neutral Reactivity. JJ rv. Fragmentation Behaviour ....... 35 A. NegativeIons.......... 35 Preface il B. Charge Inverted Ions 3l 1.3 Theoretical Methods for the Determination of Molecular Geometries and Energetics..... ....o........................................ .....39 L Molecular Orbital Theory........ 39 A. The Schrödinger Equation.... 39 B. Hartree-Fock Theory ..44 C. Electron Correlation ..46 D. Basis sets............ .51 IL Transition State Theory of Unimolecular Reactions ......... ................... 54 2. Covalently Bound Complexes of CO and COz ....... .........................58 L Introduction 58 tr. Results and Discussion........... 59 Part A: Covalently bound COz dimers (OzC-COr)? ............ 59 A. Generation of CzO¿ Anions 6I B. NeutralCzO+........
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    The Preparation of Aromatic Esters of Malonic Acid 1 John H. Billman, R. Vincent Cash 2 and Eleanor K. Wakefield The preparations of four aromatic esters of malonic acid have been described in the literature. These are the diphenyl-, di-/3-naphthyl-, di- p-tolyl-, and di-p-nitrophenyl malonates. The preparation of diphenyl malonate by Bischoff and von Heden- strom (5) in 1902 illustrates one of the synthetic methods employed. Phenol and malonyl chloride were warmed on a water bath for a short time; hydrogen chloride was envolved and the solid ester crystallized on cooling. -* C1-C-CH.-C-C1 + 2 CeHtfOH C 6 H 5 -0-C-CH a -C-0-C 6 H 6 + 2 HC1 These workers tried without success to prepare this ester from malonic acid, phenol, and thionyl chloride. However, Auger and Billy (1) were able to synthesize diphenyl malonate from malonic acid, phenol, and phosphorus oxychloride. Guia (6) obtained di-/3-naphthnyl malonate rather than the desired counmarin-type compound when he heated /3-naphthol, malonyl chloride, and aluminum chloride in carbon disulfide. Backer and Lolkema (2) synthesized di-p-tolyl malonate and di-p-nitrophenyl malonate from malonyl chloride according to the above equation. The latter ester was also prepared by these investigators by treatment of the diphenyl malonate with nitric acid at 0°. Since carbon suboxide has been reported (7) to react with alcohols to yield dialkyl malonates, it seemed of interest to attempt to extend the reaction to phenols. -* 0=C=C=C=0 + 2 HOAr Ar-0-C-CH 2 -C-0-Ar Five phenols were successfully esterified with carbon suboxide, with sulfuric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid present at catalyst.
    [Show full text]
  • Graphitic Carbon Nitride: a Highly Electroactive Nanomaterial for Environmental and Clinical Sensing
    sensors Review Graphitic Carbon Nitride: A Highly Electroactive Nanomaterial for Environmental and Clinical Sensing Azeez O. Idris * , Ekemena O. Oseghe, Titus A. M. Msagati , Alex T. Kuvarega, Usisipho Feleni and Bhekie Mamba Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), Florida Campus, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1709, South Africa; [email protected] (E.O.O.); [email protected] (T.A.M.M.); [email protected] (A.T.K.); [email protected] (U.F.); [email protected] (B.M.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 12 August 2020; Accepted: 23 September 2020; Published: 10 October 2020 Abstract: Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a two-dimensional conjugated polymer that has attracted the interest of researchers and industrial communities owing to its outstanding analytical merits such as low-cost synthesis, high stability, unique electronic properties, catalytic ability, high quantum yield, nontoxicity, metal-free, low bandgap energy, and electron-rich properties. Notably, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is the most stable allotrope of carbon nitrides. It has been explored in various analytical fields due to its excellent biocompatibility properties, including ease of surface functionalization and hydrogen-bonding. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) acts as a nanomediator and serves as an immobilization layer to detect various biomolecules. Numerous reports have been presented in the literature on applying graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) for the construction of electrochemical sensors and biosensors. Different electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, electrochemiluminescence, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, square wave anodic stripping voltammetry, and amperometry techniques have been extensively used for the detection of biologic molecules and heavy metals, with high sensitivity and good selectivity.
    [Show full text]
  • The Infrared Absorption Spectrum of Carbon Sub Oxide
    AUGUST, 1937 JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHVSICS VOLUME 5 The Infrared Absorption Spectrum of Carbon Suboxide R. C. LORD, JR.* AND NORMAN WRIGHT Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Michigan, A nn Arbor, Michigan (Received "May 24, 1937) The infrared absorption spectrum of carbon suboxide vapor has been studied under low dispersion in the region from 2).1 to 25).1. The vibrational bands observed may be satisfactorily accounted for on the basis of a linear symmetric structure for the carbon suboxide molecule, in agreement with evidence obtained from Raman spectra and from electron diffraction investigations. ECENT studies of the structure of the material was prepared by the pyrolysis of R carbon suboxide molecule by electron dif­ diacetyl tartaric anhydride8 and was purified by fractiont ,2 and by ultraviolet absorption and two distillations in an all-glass system. Measure­ 3 Raman spectra - 5 have made desirable an in­ ments of the vapor pressure of the suboxide over vestigation of the molecule's absorption spectrum a range of temperatures up to O°C agreed in the infrared region. The information to be satisfactorily with those in the literature. 9 The gained from such an investigation should be absorption cell was filled by distilling the middle particularly helpful since the spectroscopic and fraction of the particular sampJe at hand into electron diffraction evidence indicates that the the evacuated ce1l, the desired pressure being most probable form of the carbon suboxide obtained by surrounding the distilling vessel molecule is one possessing a symmetry center. with a bath of acetone of the proper temperature.
    [Show full text]
  • Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation to Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Using an Iron/Iron Oxide Nanocatalyst
    Carbon dioxide hydrogenation to aromatic hydrocarbons by using an iron/iron oxide nanocatalyst Hongwang Wang*1, Jim Hodgson1, Tej B. Shrestha2, Prem S. Thapa3, David Moore3, Xiaorong Wu4, Myles Ikenberry5, Deryl L. Troyer2, Donghai Wang4, Keith L. Hohn5 and Stefan H. Bossmann*1 Full Research Paper Open Access Address: Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 760–769. 1Kansas State University, Department of Chemistry, 201CBC doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.88 Building, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, 001-785-532-6817, 2Kansas State University, Department of Anatomy & Physiology, 130 Coles Received: 11 March 2014 Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, 3University of Kansas, Microscopy Accepted: 30 April 2014 and Analytical Imaging Laboratory, 1043 Haworth, Lawrence, KS Published: 02 June 2014 66045, USA, 4Kansas State University, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, 150 Seaton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, Associate Editor: J. J. Schneider USA and 5Kansas State University, Department of Chemical Engineering, 1016 Durland Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA © 2014 Wang et al; licensee Beilstein-Institut. License and terms: see end of document. Email: Hongwang Wang* - [email protected]; Stefan H. Bossmann* - [email protected] * Corresponding author Keywords: aromatic hydrocarbons; carbon dioxide reduction; heterogenous catalysis; iron/iron oxide nanocatalyst Abstract The quest for renewable and cleaner energy sources to meet the rapid population and economic growth is more urgent than ever before. Being the most abundant carbon source in the atmosphere of Earth, CO2 can be used as an inexpensive C1 building block in the synthesis of aromatic fuels for internal combustion engines. We designed a process capable of synthesizing benzene, toluene, xylenes and mesitylene from CO2 and H2 at modest temperatures (T = 380 to 540 °C) employing Fe/Fe3O4 nanoparticles as cata- lyst.
    [Show full text]
  • 1997-11-12 Cyanide Compounds As Federal Hazardous Air Pollutant
    CYANIDE COMPOUNDS Cyanide compounds are federal hazardous air pollutant and were identified as toxic air contaminants in April 1993 under AB 2728. CAS Registry Numbers: cyanide 57-12-5 CN hydrocyanic acid 74-90-8 HCN Molecular Formulas: CN- HCN The cyanide ion (CN-) combines with other chemicals and exhibits many characteristics that are similar to those of the halogen and azide ions. The molecular weight of cyanide is 26.02. It has an unusually strong tendency to form complex ions with metal ions which may be easily oxidized and thermally unstable. Cyanides are flammable by chemical reaction with heat, moisture, and acid. Many cyanides easily release the very toxic hydrocyanic acid (HCN) which has the odor of bitter almonds. Hydrocyanic acid (hydrogen cyanide) is a liquid at temperatures below 26.5 oC, and its boiling point is so close to room temperature that evaporation of liquid HCN evolves to vapor. Liquid or gaseous HCN is extremely soluble in water. Hydrocyanic acid is miscible with alcohol and slightly soluble in ether. Many organic nitriles can be very reactive under the right conditions and when heated to decomposition or on contact with acid, acid fumes, water or steam, toxic and flammable vapors of CN- are emitted (HSDB, 1991). Physical Properties of Hydrocyanic Acid Synonyms for cyanide: carbon nitride ion (CN1-); cyanide anion; isocyanide Synonyms for hydrocyanic acid: hydrogen cyanide; anammonide; formonitrile; cyclon; prussic acid Hydrocyanic acid Molecular Weight 27.03 Boiling Point: 25.6 oC Melting Point: -13.4 oC Density (liquid): 0.699 at 22 oC Density (gas): 0.901 at 22 oC Vapor Density: 0.94 (air = 1) Vapor Pressure: 630 mm Hg at 20 oC Heat of Fusion: 74.38 Log Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient: 1.07 Conversion Factor (HCN): 1 ppm = 1.1 mg/m3 (HSDB, 1991; Merck, 1989; Sax, 1989; U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Wildland Fire Emission Factors in North America: Synthesis of Existing Data, Measurement Needs and Management Applications
    CSIRO PUBLISHING International Journal of Wildland Fire 2020, 29, 132–147 https://doi.org/10.1071/WF19066 Wildland fire emission factors in North America: synthesis of existing data, measurement needs and management applications Susan J. PrichardA,E, Susan M. O’NeillB, Paige EagleA, Anne G. AndreuA, Brian DryeA, Joel DubowyA, Shawn UrbanskiC and Tara M. StrandD AUniversity of Washington School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195-2100, USA. BPacific Wildland Fire Sciences Laboratory, US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, 400 N. 34th Street, Seattle, WA 98103, USA. CMissoula Fire Sciences Laboratory, US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, 5775 W Broadway Street, Missoula, MT 59808, USA. DScion Research, Te Papa Tipu Innovation Park, 49 Sala Street, Rotorua 3010, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand. ECorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract. Field and laboratory emission factors (EFs) of wildland fire emissions for 276 known air pollutants sampled across Canada and the US were compiled. An online database, the Smoke Emissions Repository Application (SERA), was created to enable analysis and summaries of existing EFs to be used in smoke management and emissions inventories. We evaluated how EFs of select pollutants (CO, CO2,CH4,NOx, total particulate matter (PM), PM2.5 and SO2) are influenced by combustion phase, burn type and fuel type. Of the 12 533 records in the database, over a third (n ¼ 5637) are represented by 23 air pollutants, most designated as US Environmental Protection Agency criteria air pollutants, greenhouse gases, hazardous air pollutants or known air toxins. Among all pollutants in the database, including the most common pollutants PM, CO, CO2 and CH4, records are unevenly distributed with a bias towards flaming combustion, prescribed burning and laboratory measurements.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Pressure and Particle Size on the Carbonization of a Packed Bed of Biomass
    Effects of Pressure and Particle Size on the Carbonization of a Packed Bed of Biomass A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAIʻI AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING May 2014 By Gregory Patrick Specht Thesis Committee: Michael J. Antal Jr., Chairperson Weilin Qu Beei-Huan Chao i We certify that we have read this thesis and that, in our opinion it is satisfactory in scope and quality as a dissertation for a degree of Master of Science in Mechanical Engeineering. THESIS COMMITTEE Chairperson ii © Copyright 2014 By Gregory Patrick Specht All Rights Reserved iii Abstract A relatively new technique for charcoal production has been developed called Flash CarbonizationTM and has proven to be efficient and most importantly fast. The technique begins with a packed bed of biomass pressurized at 1-2 MPa. A fire is ignited at the bottom of the bed while air is introduced through the top. The flame travels up the bed converting the biomass to bio carbon otherwise known as charcoal. One of the most important metrics a charcoal has is its Fixed Carbon Yield (yfc) or the percentage of carbon left in it after it is carbonized. Many factors affect the yfc of charcoal three in particular were investigated in this thesis; feedstock, pressure, and particle size. Each feedstock that was used in the FC process and analyzed in this thesis was sent out to a lab to discover its elemental composition. Using this data calculations were performed to discover the highest theoretical yfc each feedstock could produce.
    [Show full text]
  • Plasmachemical Synthesis of Carbon Suboxide
    PLASMACHEMICAL SYNTHESIS OF CARBON SUBOXIDE A Thesis by ROBERT PAUL GEIGER Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Approved by: Chair of Committee, David Staack Committee Members, Nicole Zacharia Sergio Capareda Head of Department, Jerry Caton May 2013 Major Subject: Mechanical Engineering © 2013 Robert Paul Geiger ABSTRACT A nonthermal carbon monoxide plasma is known to produce a solid deposition which is thought to be a polymer of carbon suboxide (C3O2); however there are very few investigations of this deposition in the literature. This thesis contains an analysis of the theoretical thermodynamics and kinetics of carbon suboxide formation as well as experimental results. The theoretical analysis suggests that carbon suboxide may be an equilibrium product even at ambient conditions but favors lower temperatures; furthermore if solid carbon is considered to be kinetically limited, and therefore not a product, then carbon suboxide is more likely to be a product under these pseudo-equilibrium conditions. Experimentally, solid films were produced in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) containing pure carbon monoxide. Optical emission spectroscopy was used to analyze the plasma and models of the emission spectra were created to determine the plasma temperatures. Deposition rates were determined to be on the order of 0.2 mg/min at a power of about 10W; it is expected however that these conditions are not optimized. The overall kinetics of carbon suboxide was analyzed and optimal conditions for operation can be estimated. Characterization of the solid depositions were carried out using Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectroscopy (ESI-MS), and Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectroscopy (MALDI-MS).
    [Show full text]