An Introduction to Exegesis
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Biblical Exegesis in African Context
Biblical Exegesis in African Context Frederick Mawusi Amevenku Senior Lecturer, Trinity Theological Seminary, Legon-Accra & Research Associate, Stellenbosch University, South Africa Isaac Boaheng Research Fellow, University of Free State, South Africa Series in Philosophy of Religion Copyright © 2021 Vernon Press, an imprint of Vernon Art and Science Inc, on behalf of the authors. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Vernon Art and Science Inc. www.vernonpress.com In the Americas: In the rest of the world: Vernon Press Vernon Press 1000 N West Street, Suite 1200 C/Sancti Espiritu 17, Wilmington, Delaware, 19801 Malaga, 29006 United States Spain Series in Philosophy of Religion Library of Congress Control Number: 2021936399 ISBN: 978-1-64889-176-2 Cover design by Vernon Press. Cover image: Education photo created by wirestock / Freepik. Product and company names mentioned in this work are the trademarks of their respective owners. While every care has been taken in preparing this work, neither the authors nor Vernon Art and Science Inc. may be held responsible for any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the information contained in it. Every effort has been made to trace all copyright holders, but if any have been inadvertently overlooked the publisher will be pleased to include any necessary credits in -
Guidelines for Writing Your Exegesis Paper of a Psalm
1 Guidelines for Writing an Exegesis Paper Prepared by Ross Cole, March 28, 2011 The Goal of Exegesis An exegesis paper attempts to understand a passage in terms of its original context. Our goal in ministry is to apply the text to our present context. Application is not the same thing as exegesis. Nevertheless, exegesis must come first, if we as inspiring yet uninspired teachers are to make accurate applications to contemporary situations. Organizing Your Paper Exegesis is normally defined in terms of three contexts: Historical context Literary context Linguistic Context There are characteristically a number steps involved in establishing each of these, and we will here deal with each of them in order. However, these contexts and steps are listed in an order, simply because it is impossible to describe them all in one breath. There is nothing sacred about the sequence, and each context and step may interact with other contexts and steps. There may be better ways of organizing the final paper than just following the order below. What is important is that the paper needs to exhibit a logical flow. By the end of the paper, you need to present a wholistic understanding of the passage, in accordance with how the first readers/listeners would have understood it. It should not be like a string of disconnected beads (as one lecturer describe an exegesis paper I did as an undergraduate student). It should instead be like a stew with the aromas of the different ingredients mixed together. Use of Sources The exegetical methodology here described is meant to give you a certain independence from commentaries and other sources. -
THE EXEGETICAL ROOTS of TRINITARIAN THEOLOGY MICHAEL SLUSSER Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pa
Theological Studies 49 (1988) THE EXEGETICAL ROOTS OF TRINITARIAN THEOLOGY MICHAEL SLUSSER Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pa. N RECENT YEARS systematic theologians have been showing increased I interest in studying the doctrine of the Trinity. An integral part of that study should be an exposition of the origins of the doctrine. The question of origins can be posed in an analytical fashion, as Maurice Wiles has done: .. .we seem forced to choose between three possibilities: either (1) we do after all know about the Trinity through a revelation in the form of propositions concerning the inner mysteries of the Godhead; or (2) there is an inherent threefoldness about every act of God's revelation, which requires us to think in trinitarian terms of the nature of God, even though we cannot speak of the different persons of the Trinity being responsible for specific facets of God's revelation; or (3) our Trinity of revelation is an arbitrary analysis of the activity of God, which though of value in Christian thought and devotion is not of essential significance.1 I think that this analytical approach is in important respects secondary to the genetic one. The first Christians spoke about God in the terms which we now try to analyze; surely the reasons why they used those terms are most relevant to a sound analysis. The main words whose usage needs to be fathomed are the Greek words prosöpon, hypostasis, ousia, andphysis.2 Prosöpon is the earliest of these terms to have attained an accepted conventional usage in early Christian speech about God, and therefore the chief determinant of the shape which the complex of terms was to take. -
Patristic Exegesis and Theology: the Cart and the Horse
WTJ 69 (2007): 1-19 HISTORICAL AND THEOLOGICAL STUDIES PATRISTIC EXEGESIS AND THEOLOGY: THE CART AND THE HORSE DONALD FAIRBAIRN his article grows out of two dominant perceptions that I have developed Tthrough my work with theological students and teachers. The first of these perceptions is that there is strong and growing interest in patristic interpretation of the Bible among evangelical biblical scholars and theologians. The second perception is that virtually all biblical studies students and professors I have encountered are working from a model for understanding patristic exegesis that is inadequate and does not reflect what patristics scholars have been writing about patristic exegesis for the last several decades. I have in mind the model that divides patristic exegesis into two competing—and largely mutually exclu- sive—schools, one based in Antioch and the other in Alexandria. Now I should hasten to add that the inadequacy of such a model is not some- thing that biblical scholars and theologians could necessarily have recognized themselves, and I hope that nothing I am about to write will be taken as a criti- cism of contemporary biblical scholars. Rather, the prevalence of this model is an unfortunate example of the way the scholarly arena sometimes works. What patristics scholars were saying seventy or eighty years ago about patristic exege- sis has worked its way into the historical theology, church history, and herme- neutics textbooks in the last forty or fifty years. As American patristics scholar Charles Kannengiesser recently pointed out, a great deal of work on patristic exegesis done by biblical scholars from about 1950 onwards treated the literal and figurative senses of biblical passages not as interpretive options for the texts under investigation, but rather as general exegetical methods, and these methods were bound to local ‘‘school’’ requirements. -
The Doctrine of Satan
Scholars Crossing The Lucifer File Theological Studies 5-2018 The Doctrine of Satan Harold Willmington Liberty University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/lucifer_file Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, Christianity Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Willmington, Harold, "The Doctrine of Satan" (2018). The Lucifer File. 1. https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/lucifer_file/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Theological Studies at Scholars Crossing. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Lucifer File by an authorized administrator of Scholars Crossing. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE DOCTRINE OF SATAN I. The Existence of Satan – There is scarcely a culture, tribe, or society to be found in this world that does not have some concept or fear of an invisible evil power. This has been attested by Christian missionaries and secular anthropologists alike. Witch doctors, shrunken heads, voodoo dolls, and totem poles all give dramatic evidence of this universal fear. One may well ask where this fear came from and of whom are they afraid. The study of the doctrine of Satan may not thrill the soul of man, but it will answer these questions. A. His existence is doubted by the world. 1. As shown by the typical “Walt Disney cartoon concept” – Most of the world today pictures the devil as a medieval and mythical two-horned, fork-tailed impish creature, dressed in red flannel underwear, busily pitching coal into the furnace of hell. -
The Evangelical Theological Society and the Doctrine of the Trinity Kevin Giles
EQ 80.4 (2008). 323-338 The Evangelical Theological Society and the doctrine of the Trinity Kevin Giles Kevin Giles served as an Anglican rector in Australia for 38 years. He now lectures, writes, travels and helps with grandchildren. This paper was read at the 2006 Evangelical Theological Society annual meeting in Washington, DC. KEY WORDS: Arianism, being, Christoiogy, Father, Wayne Grudem, George Knight Ill, role, Son, submission, subordination, Bruce Ware, women. In America the Evangelical Theological Society is a very significant organiza tion with over four thousand members. It claims to be the voice of conservative evangelical scholarship. In its Doctrinal Basis only two matters are made funda mental to the evangelical faith: belief in the inerrancy of the Bible in its original autographs and belief in a Trinity of Father, Son and Holy Spirit, three 'uncre ated' persons, who are 'one in essence, equal in power and glory'.! In the history of the ETS the first fundamental belief has caused many a painful disruption in the evangelical family, the second has not. In this paper I argue that critical consideration should be given to what several leading theologians of the ETS are teaching on the Trinity because it would seem to implicitly contradict what the ETS statement of faith says on the Trinity. ETS members are bound to believe that the three divine persons are one in essence and equal in power. To argue that the Son is eternally subordinate in authority to the Father, denies that he is equal in power with the Father and the Spirit and by implication, that he is one in es sencelbeingwith the Father and the Spirit.2 The novel post 1970s doctrine ofthe eternally subordinated Son In his highly influential book, New Testament Teaching on the Role Relationship The words on the Trinity were added in 1990 to exclude people with a high view of inerrancy who rejected the historic doctrine of the Trinity as spelt out in the Creeds and Reformation confessions. -
Re-Imagining Ecclesiology: a New Missional Paradigm for Community Transformation
Digital Commons @ George Fox University Doctor of Ministry Theses and Dissertations 4-2021 Re-Imagining Ecclesiology: A New Missional Paradigm For Community Transformation Michael J. Berry Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/dmin Part of the Christianity Commons GEORGE FOX UNIVERSITY RE-IMAGINING ECCLESIOLOGY: A NEW MISSIONAL PARADIGM FOR COMMUNITY TRANSFORMATION A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF PORTLAND SEMINARY IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF MINISTRY BY MICHAEL J. BERRY PORTLAND, OREGON APRIL 2021 Portland Seminary George Fox University Portland, Oregon CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL ________________________________ DMin Dissertation ________________________________ This is to certify that the DMin Dissertation of Michael J. Berry has been approved by the Dissertation Committee on April 29, 2021 for the degree of Doctor of Ministry in Leadership in the Emerging Culture Dissertation Committee: Primary Advisor: W. David Phillips, DMin Secondary Advisor: Karen Claassen, DMin Lead Mentor: Leonard I. Sweet, PhD Copyright © 2021 by Michael J. Berry All rights reserved ii DEDICATION To my wife, Andra and to our daughters, Ariel and Olivia. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Special thanks for everyone’s support and assistance to get me through this process: Dr. Len Sweet, Donna Wallace, Dr. David Phillips, Dr. Loren Kerns, Dr. Clifford Berger, Dr. Jason Sampler, Rochelle Deans, Dr. David Anderson, Dr. Tom Hancock, Patrick Mulvaney, Ray Crew, and especially Tracey Wagner. iv EPIGRAPH The baptism and spiritual -
Exegesis in Practice: Two Samples
CHAPTER XIV EXEGESIS IN PRACTICE: TWO SAMPLES R. T. France This chapter is intended to bring the reader down to earth. Many theoretical points have been made in the preceding pages, and many ideals expressed, with carefully selected examples to illustrate the points at issue. But in practice the exegete, be he professional or amateur, is seldom con cerned with carefully selected sample verses, but with the actual New Testa ment text in its entirety. He finds himself faced with the task of determining the meaning not of the odd word or phrase here and there, but of a whole connected passage, which may involve quite complex thought-patterns. He soon finds himself forced, whether he likes it or not, to read the individual words and phrases in their context. This chapter will consist, then, not of lists of rules for correct exegesis, but of an attempt to interpret two actual New Testament passages as a whole (Matthew 8:5-13 and 1 Peter 3:18-22). The passages have been chosen to represent two quite different literary genres, which between them raise many of the problems of method which confront the exegete in practice. We shall not stop to point out at every juncture precisely what methods are being employed. It is for the reader to notice where and how the various techni ques of textual criticism, literary criticism, lexical study, study of religious or literary background, etc. are brought into play. These various techniques will not occur in any logical order, but as the passages themselves require them. -
School of Theology and Missions
SCHOOL OF THEOLOGY AND MISSIONS Dean Ray F. Van Neste (1997-98, 2001). Dean for the School of Theology and Missions and Professor of Biblical Studies. B.A., Union University; M.A., Trinity Evangelical Divinity School; Ph.D., University of Aberdeen. Jacob Shatzer (2017). Associate Dean for the School of Theology and Missions and Associate Professor of Theological Studies. B.A., Union University; M.Div., Southern Seminary; Ph.D., Marquette University. Mission Statement The School of Theology and Missions exists to advance the Kingdom of God through theological education by integrating rigorous academics, skill in teaching, deep devotion to Christ and His Church, and a commitment to reaching the nations with the gospel. Ethos Statement The School of Theology and Missions Ethos Statement, which details ethical and lifestyle expectations of majors, is presented in CHR 231 and is also available at www.uu.edu/programs/stm/about/ethos-statement.cfm 2020-2021 SCHOOL OF THEOLOGY AND MISSIONS 209 Program Directors Curriculum Frank Anderson (2010). Stephen Olford Chair of Expository Students who major in the School of Theology and Missions Preaching and Associate Professor of Ministry and Missions may be eligible for advanced standing in certain seminaries, and Director of the Center for Racial Reconciliation. B.B.A., thus shortening the requirements for master's degrees at those University of Memphis; M.Div. and Ph.D., Mid-America Baptist seminaries. Please see the dean for details. Theological Seminary. All majors must complete one language for two years or two languages for one year each regardless of the B.A. Core Hayward Armstrong (2012). -
216 Patrick D. Miller Patrick Miller Has Consistently Provided Solid Biblical
216 Book Reviews Patrick D. Miller The Lord of the Psalms. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2013. Pp. xiv + 116. $25.00. Patrick Miller has consistently provided solid biblical studies. The material in this book was adapted from Miller’s Stone Lectures presented at Princeton Theological Seminary in October 2010. There is no intention or attempt at deal- ing with the whole book of Psalms. As Miller notes, “Because this book arises out of the Stone Lectures . ., it is in ways more probing than comprehensive or systematic, spotting places where theological issues arise and are addressed, but not in itself a full theology of the Psalms.” (p. xii) Nonetheless, it is amazing how much of the Psalter has been considered in this relatively brief study. Chapter One is entitled “The Reality of God.” The beginning point is Psalm 14 (=53) which declares with its opening verse: “Fools say in their hearts, ‘There is no God.’” Miller reflects on the way “fools” and the “wicked” act out their belief that there is no God in uncaring or unjust ways. He cites a number of different psalms, but especially does he consider Psalm 22 (a psalm to which he returns numerous times in later chapters). The experience of seeming abandonment frequently voiced in the many psalms of “lament” or “petition” make clear “that the large human questions about the reality, existence, and presence of God are not a modern phenomenon. From the beginning they were deeply present in the midst of the community of faith.” (p. 7) But there is a “counterperspec- tive” which involves not only what humans may know about God but what God may know—or seek to know—about humans, namely how do people act out their commitment to God. -
The Mandate of Biblical Inerrancy: 1 Expository Preaching
THE MANDATE OF BIBLICAL INERRANCY: 1 EXPOSITORY PREACHING John F. MacArthur, Jr. President and Professor of Pastoral Ministries The Master's Seminary The special attention of evangelicalism given to the inerrancy of Scripture in recent years carries with it a mandate to emphasize the expository method of preaching the Scriptures. The existence of God and His nature requires the conclusion that He has communicated accurately and that an adequate exegetical process to determine His meaning is required. The Christian commission to preach God's Word involves the transmitting of that meaning to an audience, a weighty responsibility. A belief in inerrancy thus requires, most important of all, exegetical preaching, and does not have to do primarily with the homiletical form of the message. In this regard it differs from a view of limited inerrancy. * * * * * The theological highlight of recent years has without question been evangelicalism's intense focus on biblical innerrancy.2 Much of what has been written defending inerrancy3 represents the most acute theological reasoning our generation has produced. Yet, it seems our commitment to inerrancy is somewhat lacking in the 1This essay was initially given as a response at the International Council on Biblical Inerrancy, Summit II (Nov 1982). It was subsequently published under the title "Inerrancy and Preaching: Where Exposition and Exegesis Come Together" in Hermeneutics, Inerrancy, and the Bible (ed. by Earl Radmacher and Robert Preus; Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1984) 801-831. It has been updated to serve as the foundational article for this inaugural issue of The Master's Seminary Journal. 2 Over a ten-year period (1977-1987), the International Council on Biblical Inerrancy held three summits for scholars (1978, 1982, 1986) and two congresses for the Christian community-at-large (1982, 1987) whose purposes were to formulate and disseminate the biblical truth about inerrancy. -
Fall 2020 Religion Courses Undergraduate Courses
03/24/2020 FALL 2020 RELIGION COURSES UNDERGRADUATE COURSES HBR1102 Beginning Hebrew 1 Dr. Levenson This course is an introduction to the basic grammar, syntax, and phonology of modern and classical Hebrew. Meets the foreign language requirement for the BA degree. No language laboratory required. HBR2222 Intermediate Hebrew Dr. Levenson This course focuses on translation and commentary on selected Hebrew readings. Meets the foreign language requirement for the BA degree. No language laboratory required. Prerequisite: Two semesters of Modern or Biblical Hebrew. IDS2420 Heretics, Rebels & Militants Dr. Gaiser This e-series honors seminar evaluates the topics of Islamic sectarianism and denominationalism by tracing the main sectarian movements among medieval and modern Muslims. Students engage in broad, critical and creative thinking about the creation of "orthodoxy" and "heresy," the development of religious differences, the interaction between politics, culture and religion, and the issue of religious violence. They gain knowledge and critical thinking skills that assists them as they navigate a range of perspectives and trajectories related to the world's many different Muslims. IDS3317 Demons/The Antichrist/Satan Dr. Goff This course examines traditions regarding demons, the Antichrist and Satan in the Bible, Judaism and Christianity. Biblical and ancient non-biblical texts that describe these figures are examined in their historical contexts. Traditions regarding Satan and other evil personages are traced historically so that students have a sense of how an understanding of these figures changed over time. REL1300 Introduction to World Religions Dr. Durdin & Staff This course is an introduction to the academic study of the major religions of the world.