Prunus Africana (Pygeum Africanum) Rosaceae

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Prunus africana (Pygeum africanum) Rosaceae Indigenous Common names: English: Red stinkwood Luganda: Ngwabuzito, ntasesa Lugishu: Chiramat, charamandi Rukiga: Musuba. Ecology: A useful timber tree widespread from West to South Africa, usually in high-rainfall areas, but it is becoming rare in some places due to over-exploitation. In Uganda it grows in moist tropical rain forests, 1,100-2,200 m. Abundant in mixed forests, forest edges and gallery forests. The biggest specimens grow in the Bwindi and Kalinzu Forests and on parts of Mt. Elgon. Uses: Firewood, charcoal, poles, timber (construction, flooring), utensils (mortars), medicine (leaves, bark), bee forage, mulch, shade, windbreak. Description: An evergreen tree to 40 m. In forests, the high foliage is open, the branches often pendulous, small buttresses occasionally present. BARK: rough, dark, scaling irregularly, branches corky, branchlets dotted with breathing pores. LEAVES: leathery, glossy dark green above, oval to 10 cm, margin with shallow rounded teeth, leaf stalk typically pink, to 2 cm. Crushed leaves have a bitter almond smell. FLOWERS: sprays on stalks about 8 cm long, very small, fragrant, green-white. FRUIT: rounded about 1 cm, dark red, often bilobed, containing one seed and topped by a persistent style. Propagation: Seedlings (sow seeds in pots), wildings. Seed: No. of seeds per kg: 3,400-6,000. Collect only dark brown ripe fruits from the crown of the tree or the ground. Remove the pulp by soaking for 24 hours, then wash over a wire mesh. Spread in a thin layer in an airy shaded place to dry—but for 4 hours only. treatment: not necessary, but remove pulp from the seed. storage: seed does not store; fresh seed should be used. Moist leaves around the seed minimize moisture loss during temporary storage and transport. Management: Fairly slow growing. Remarks: The heartwood darkens to a dense red. It is strong and tough and used for flooring. The stem bark has been harvested for certain pharmaceuticals manufactured in Europe. 514 Prunus africana (Pygeum africanum) Rosaceae 515 .

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