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fe = 4K BE WAP A “2 d enenememmmnannnnelll _— The Erconanist, WEEKLY COMMERCIAL TIMES, And Bankers’ Gasette.

A POLITICAL, LITERARY, AND GENERAL NEWSPAPER.

| | Vol. III. No. 16. SATURDAY, APRIL 19, 1845. Price 6d. | 2 ———$———— | a | CONTENTS. seized and what we detain. To us the following passage in Mr Macaulay's speech puts the matter on its proper ground :— | “The honourable member for Shrewsbury told us, if we consented to the THe Portticat Economist: EPITOME OF NEWS cccscsssessesseeseserese S08 resist the claims of the various The Maynooth Grant—Sir Robert Tue ComMenciat TIMES: proposal, it would be {utterly impossible to Peel's Policy ..scoocreccecesceseseses SOT Weekly Corn Returns ...... sseee 368 sects of this country—the Wesleyan Methodists, for instance. But are the | The Brazilian Export Trade ...... $58 Flax and Linen Markets...... +00 368 cases analogous—have they the slightest resemblance? There are The Auction Duties on Colonial Liverpoo] Markets....c.cscscsceseeees . 369 16,000,000 inhabitants in England, and of these 1,300,000 are Wesleyan and Foreign Produce—Specula- Butter and Cheese Trade . 369 Methodists. But add to these all the other English dissenters, and would tion and Restrictions on Trade 359 Weekly Summary ...... f they approach the case of the Catholics of Ireland? Suppose the endow- Currency and Banking (Article Indigo Sales ....sess0+ 16 VII) ccccceccccccccccsccccccccceces cvcces 360 Foreign Markets....cccccccccscccesoeese 370 ments left to John Wesley, for the use of the Wesleyan clergy, had been IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT vccccccsecssceseee BOL | THE GAZETTE csccccccscceccsccsccscsecsenee Oth taken away by parliament, and vested in the Church of Eagland, and that Parliamentary Papers ...... 0....6. 365 | Imports, Exports, XC. ...ccececceeoreeeseee 372 the Wesleyan Methodists came to parliament for an annual grant of | Court and AristOcracy «.+escceeeee «» 365 | Weekly Prices Current...... 0-.sseeeeeeee 373 26,0007 for a college. Bring me such a case, and I will give to it my best { Metropolis . pecoeees cccezecs SOS FT PRABEWV AGS ccececconcnccevencococesvese . 374 consideration. But no, there is not such a casein England; there is not *rovinecial .. soosseeee 365 | THE BANKERS’ GAZETTE: such acase in the whole world. (Cheers.) How could there be? It could Scotland oseccocerccrcccccsccessececscesccscecee SOG Weekly Account of the Bank...... 375 Foreign and Colonial c.scscscecseeseees 366 Money Market .....cccccssesssesesevee S70 not be in England; it would be impossible ; it could not be in France, nor Public AMUSEMENES,.....cccccereecereesene 366 The Bankers’ Price Current ...... 376 could it be in Prussia, It could only be in the case of a country in one CORRESPONDENCE AND ANSWERS: Conts Mattsethenececveecevccecsnsescceccccceces STF peculiar condition—and what I am about to mention reconciles me to the The Maynooth Grant ...... sce0+e08 367 | Provision Markets...... sc.ceesseeseeceseeeee O77 course | am about to take in voting for this bill, and so imposing upon POSTSCRIPT . ° . +» 367 | ADVERTISEMENTS « 378 England the support of a Catholic institution in Ireland—it could only be in the case of a weaker country connected with a more powerful country which has abused its power, and which has enabled the minority to triumph over the majority. (Great cheering.) Nowhere but in Ircland could exist THE POLITICAL ECONOMIST. such a state of things as this—never but in the peculiar condition I have indicated could or would such things be. Therefore, while this government endowment exists, | do not conceive it is open to me, however generally I might hold to the authority of what is called the voluntary principle, to THE MAYNOOTH GRANT—SIR ROBERT PEEL'S meet the Irish, when they ask me for a grant of 20,000/ for the education of their priesthood, and say, * l am on principle wren to you, because I POLICY. am against all grants from the state to an established church.’ I will not Tur discussion, on the proposition of the Government to increase now enter into the argument, as I before said, relating to the proper source from which the grant which is proposed should be derived. To-night our the annual grant to the college of Maynooth has now continued business is to settle what sum shall be given—whence it shall come, will be more than a week, and it is even doubtful if a division will take for a future discussion.” place this (Friday) night. There is no doubt that the second Of all the wrongs that we committed against Ireland, none reading will be carried by a large majority. It is, however, less was so serious, none so severe, none has so well outlived certain what the fate of the bill may be in its future stages. The*| time, and run through generations without bating one tittle opposition to it during the week len increased in violence, and of its original ruthlessness and rancour, as the seizure of all has been such as could not have been anticipated. To our view that was solid and tangible of her Church—of all but that of the question the speech of Mr Macaulay expresses the whole which was invisible, immaterial, and embodied only in a matter in a perfect oak irresistible form; and not in the slightest strong and revengeful consciousness of a persecuted faith. We degree less so to those who adhere to the voluntary principle. We seized her magnificent temples of worship, her richly endowed freely expressed our own views on the subject in our number of colleges, her revenue of seven hundred thousand a year, and the the 5th instant, and no argument that we have since seen used in legislature has dealt with and distributed that property in its own ; the House, or in the country, has tended to weaken that view, but way. And after this, when it is proposed to vote 27,000/ (about all rather to confirm it. the private income of four Irish Protestant Prelates) a year, for As a general principle, we believe state endowment to any re- the education of the priests of that whole people whom we all ligious body to be injurious to the best interests of the religion it admit we have wronged, it is surely no fair way to meet the professes to support. And we believe, for the best interests of | demand for a little restitution, for this “ penny in the pound,” by Bs Ireland, and the Catholics in particular, that the worst thing we pleading the voluntary principle. In what does justice to Ireland could do would be to render the priests independent of their consist, if seven-eighths of the eople are to be debarred and flocks. Such a change could not fail to convert the priest, in the separated from the chief rights of which they were deprived, and, course of time, to be a mere instrument in the hands of a govern- without the means of educating their own priests in the humblest ment, little mindful of the popular will or the popular wants; way, are forced to support those of a church imposed upon them. and would only tend to raise up anotber class of esudinenh priests, At the same time, fully admitting our duty to Ireland, we in whom the people would repose their confidence, and who, by cannot overlook the duty we owe to all parties in England. As their more zealous and necessitous attention to the interests of a question between England and Ireland, we look at the proposi- their people, would supersede the regular priest altogether. tion as one of simple duty. But as a question for the English _ Moreover, as a general principle, we are perfectly agreed in the Parliament we look upon it, and not the less importantly, as one injustice as well as the impolicy of taxing one portion of the com- of the means by which the duty is to be performed. England munity to support the religious establishments of another party, owes to Ireland the act—England owes to herself how the act and this altogether withont any consideration of the error or the is to be performed. And while we see with satisfaction the great truth of the tenets so supported. But holding these views as we proportion of the opposition, supporting the act to Ireland, it is do, we cannot shut our eyes to the fact that the case under consi- REPRE. + with no less satisfaction that we know that they will as unani- deration cannot with any fairness be viewed in this light. To us mously vote for the means being taken from the legitimate Ireland seems to be a great exception, which removes her from all source—the surplus revenue of the Irish Church. Sir Robert such general rules. Ireland and wrong, have become almost Peel will be beholden to the opposition to enable him to carry Synonymous terms. Irish Catholics, and usurpation, and confis- this little instalment of justice to Ireland. Sir Robert Peel will be cation, and persecution, are all terms among which the greatest beholden to his own party to enable him to extract the means unity of association exists in the history of the last century. The from the English Sacheeue All that is good and just in the rallying point of all that was good and liberal in England, for the measure will be carried by the liberal party coming to the aid of last fifty years, has been found in an admission of those wrongs, the Minister. All that is unjust and objectionable in the way of and in the ery of “justice to Ireland.” To appreciate, to under- doing it will be accomplished, by the Minister's own party oe Stand, what is justice to Ireland, it is needful to inquire what has coming to his assistance. And a we believe, a8 we a y een the injusticecommitted against that country. It would be worse hope, it will be ultimately carried, thou h we fear in an objec- than mockery to profess to restore Ireland to her rights, without tionable form, yet we do not think it will get through withguta Weering what were the wronys we had committed against her. seeming defeat of the Government. : hen we talk of making restitution, we must look to what we We = not among those who have ever attempted to depreciate eee ~ ; \ ~

358 THE _% ECONOMIST. - [April . 19

the importance and advantages to the country of the new and en- | cargoes, 84 were British. Isis instruetive to observe the destination lightened course of poliey which Sir Robert Peel has seen fit to | of these ships. It was as follows ; to— pursue since he has been im office, either m his mercantile, finan- sind cuahtiitisessecssaveee = Copenhagen cial, or other measures. On the _e contrary, when we 2 have > seen the Aner Liverpool aivanaenes aneeves Constantinople Smyrna — ... wreck of personal reputation and consistency which public men aetenaati fet endernh ‘ were willing to submit to in adopting suc h policy, the odious Deicreeinaersoe covrnenrene 9 a comparison which their course in office * provoked ‘ with that which Malte CVSOY srcccevsrccwereersceeseenes a Cape ive of Good ate 8004s Hope severe mee 7 | they had followed in opposition, and the contrast between the two, Marseilles Vam Diemen’s land ...... 5 we could not but feel doubly sure of the great value of principles Bremen _

Vv bich we had long advoc ated and c herishe “dd, : But, though suc h We thus find that our ships, carry | has been ing cargoes to Brazil, are unab le to our feeling, we are ~ from thinking that these great | procure fre ights home again, and enter into the general competition questions have not suffered much damage in the hands of those, - with 571 ships of all nations to carry cargoes to ml countries, But with whose inconsistenc y and previous course they have become | is there mot some thing in the facts be fore us, while they exhibit in a associated. A degree of rancour and animosity has been e ngen- | striking de ‘gree the imb vecility and folly with which great mercantile dered against them among men, as detraye: d friends, which never | princ iple s of free exchange are neglected, _ aps, because not un. ‘ would have existed, if they had only been connected with the mea- | de rsiood —is there not also some thing i mn the se facts calculated to re.

; sures against open and avowed but fair opponents. prove the unworthy fears of the British shipowner, and his adher. ence, as is usually the case, to principles of monopoly and restriction ? - The British shipowner will admit that he dves not undertake a voy THE BRAZILIAN EXPORT TRADE. age to Brazil on less advantageous terms than he could to Jamaica or to the Mauritius; but in the terms which he can command to THE DIFFICULTY OF PROCURING RETURNS—THE DUTY IMPOSED Brazil he has to compete with the ships of any country which ON THE MERCANTILE STATION. choose to carry cargoes from Liverpool or London. When he arrives out he finds We last week furnished our readers with a statement of the imports that not only has he again to enter into free competition with the ships of every other country, but that, as there are on} to Rio de Janeiro for 1844, exhibiting the proportions in which each cargoes for 20 ships out of 84 coming direct to this country, he has article was received from the various countries in the world | to enter the field of competition under the disadvantage of carrying with which the Brazilians have commercial intercourse. cargoes direct to Antwe TPs Amste:idam, Bremen, or Hambro’ » at the Our readers could not but be much struck with the large propor. | Same rates as the ships of those countries do, and then in most cases tion in which every article of importance was received from Great to be under the necessity of returning from those ports in ballast to England. But in starting his voyage in the first instance, all these Britain. Of articles of manufacture, on which much labour had been disad vant: uges are computed ; competition brings them to bear equally experded, that account exhibited an almost exclusive supply from | on the ships undertaking voyages direct to our colonies which have this country. We now furnish a similar statement of the exports | a homeward c: Ugo insured to the m; and the rate at which the latter | from Rio de Janeirv for the same year, exhibiting the distribution of | ships are willing. to accomplish their work, is determined by the dis. same to the various countrie sw ith w hic h the y h: ave inte recourse. advant ges unde rw hic ha our fore ign ship ping labours mn i consequence This table is not the less striking and remarkable than the former, of all che se restrictions on direct exch — | in exhibiting the extraordinary fe anomalous condition of our trade In the list of articles exported from Brazil, there are several of with that country. | secondary and minor imports ince, on which there are no restrictions | in entering this country ; but it will be borne in mind that but a small Whenever trade is in a free and natural state, it will always be portion of each of these artic les is included in a genera) cargo of pro- that a country like Brazil, furnishing, as it does, altogether articles | duce, and though such articles would be brought here in much in the first stage of product from the soil, will send the great bulk of | ,reater quantities if perfec tly unencumbered with other motives, yet such produce to the country from which it der ivesits supplies of manu- | *S long as the chief article of the cargo is practically prohibited, all | the minor and subsidiary parts must go with it. So that the perinis- | factures, a 2 and g especially » » s when » that country teems » V with but ill supplied 2 | | 55). ¢¢ import, even on fair terms, the unimportant parts of the pro- consumers. Letus see what is thefact inthe case before us, and we shall | guce of a country is more a nominal than areal advantage. find powerfully illustrated the practical evilsofthatchildish and suicidal | Gay it be wondered if, in the face of all this, the merchants of this policy which we have followed towards this and other great producing | country find a difficulty in procuring profit ible returns for their | countries, on whom we naturally depend for exchanges ; and it is to | exports 2? If the consumers of this country should find that this, in- | the infinite shame of our great mercantile community that, with their | St ad 7 aoe the a apest SE “ the pte 4 oe dearest, influence, it has been possible for any set of political men, it i 0 aman bas but to open his eyes to these facts, and refiect Tor & mo- | ; : E I ; $ too | ment to understand:the cause ; and the n, if the mercantile commanity much to be feared for mere party and political objects, to play such | will persevere in the sins of which they have hitherto been so guilty; antics with the trade of this great country—to hazard the welfare of { if the ‘y will still exhibit that want of spirit and self respect which millions of the productive classes—to endanger the safety and reduce | would be only becoming to people who have the great and weighty the amount of the national revenue, and to render needful a new and | interests of a country like this, as well as their own, in their practical charge; if they will still entrust all their parliamentary busmess to inquisitorial tax. For who doubts the close connexion between the | ’ peers, and lawyers, and army officers; if they will distrust, or not state ’ of trade and the amcunt of the revenue from the usual sources ? respect their own order, though in our opinion the most honourable, | Who doubts that with free trade the necessity of the income tax had | jecause the most use ful: if he ‘y will always turn a wistful eye to- never arisen ? If any man did doubt on this he: id, let him only observe | wards title and aristocracy, and submit the settlement of all their how the revenue from ord inary sources fell off during the recent years | 'A4Ve matters to men to whom it is no discredit—if we say they are of them; if the mercantile and trading - a of dearness and scarcity, and how certainly it hee again improved utterly ignorant ; > ag ding communit are satisfied to continue all this, the ‘y must rest content with | with a return of plenty and low prices, monstrous anomalies which the trade of this country exhibits, and | It will be observed that, during the year, 571 ships left Rio de | with the periodical ruin which overtakes them. Janeiro with cargoes, But although so large a proportion of the But we would beg to remind the leading men in our mercantile goods imported had been received from Great Britain, we find only | community, that in these grave matters they have a great duty as well thirteen ships returning to London and seven to Liverpool, and 551 | 88a ¢ hoice to follow. ‘They must consider themselves as trustees dispatched to other places. It is true that, of that number, 45 ships directly for the millions of our hard working . : fe ‘low countrym , en; sii and, indirectly, for all classes interested, e ither in the varied produe- were dispatched to Cowes and Falmouth ; but it will be necessary to ane of cur crn whether of the mee or the loom (for experience explain, only to those unacquainted with this trade, that these ships has shown that the prosperity of the former cannot survive the ad- are seldom if ever discharged in this country. They are dispatched | versity of the latter), or in obtaining, in the greatest abundanee and | to Cowes or Falmouth to receive orders from the owners of the car- | cheapness, the varied products of other climates, won ee meh | goes in this country to what markets they are to proceed. It is | UP ) the sum . of our wants and necessities. s Nor one if is honestly the TRUSTY and fairly simply an arrangement by which a merchant in Liverpool, Manches- eee exerciser ge = only Wale demands a od — of ss them re ‘ce tha rie 7 oe f ul consult and carry ter, > or London can avail l himse himself of the 2 choice . of the various markets out their own interests with an enlightened ‘and liberal . spirit, wh ich | in Europe, whichever 7 . happens to be best at the moment of the arrival will not only best secure their own personal success, but also the 4 | of the ship, or by which he may, if a favourable opportunity offers, | Welfare and ‘happiness of the community at large. And me oi | dispose of his cargo afloat to some continental buyer. And ie, narrow, intolerant, and ignorant spirit displayed by t 1e adhere fore, > generally a speaking, ships consigned to Cowes or Falmouth for the > protective . » principle > in Parliament—a > — if suffe red to prevail ’ | ‘ aR : .| which would be equally destructive to all spirit, classes, ought only to im- orders are to be considered as much for foreign consumption as if press those whose occupations afford them an op yportunity of forming | consigned direct to Antwerp or Hamburgh. wiser views with the necessity of more rigidly and arde ntly prose: | Then taking the four principal articles of the produce of Brazil, | cuting their obvious duty to themselves and the country. let us see what portions of them come to this country: the following table shows them :— Coffee ee In order to show the portion of the whole trade direct to Grea t an _ Sige bags cases Hides Horns | Britain, we have put the quantities exhibited under London . London and een ; 17,936 ...00 113 50,899 m of the table, Other places s.ss++s0.0.0.,,, 551 1,242,495 ...... 11,400 ...... 318-284 ee spa 145,784 aee Liv erpool 2 together, r - and substracted them at the : botto le coming to —-—— aa ——— —__... | so as to show at one view the proportion of each artic the | © 1,260,431 ceroee T1513 coooee 369,183 ...00. 541,436 this country and going to all others. The greatest portion of Compare hind proportions with those exhibited of the imports from | sugar produced in Brazil is shipped from Bahia and Pernambuce, this country in our table of last week , ! ! and exhibits about the same proportion to this and other count! ies | Again, of the eR 571 ships which left Rio de Janeiro last RRR with ! as the table before us does. 1845. ] THE ECONOMIST. 359 qe THE BRAZILIAN EXPORT TRADE. Exronts from Rio de Janeiro in 1844, with the countries and ports to which shipped, and the number of vessels and tonnage of — each nation employed in its exportation.

SN Tak we eee ee | } ! Tanned , Rose- | | Ipecac- | . Countries and Ports. j Total. Coffee. Sugar. | Hides. | Horns. Hatf- Rice. Rum. | wood. Tobuceo.| 1 nha. Tapioca, Hides. |

ee , —_— Se a es or — - aa ———EEE eee ee Pipes. | Dozen. Rolls, §« .. Pounds =a Great Britain and her Dependencies. Ves. Tons.| Bags. | Cases. Bags. 300 a 1 _ 7 ont _ oo Cape of Good Hope.- In 9 Brit. ves. ccccccccccccccsccsoccess 9 1,673 9,220 103 — os Corfu.—In 2 Brit. 392, 1 Aus. 303,...... 0+6 evecoccess ecacceee 3 695 3,200 _- 9,723 _ 1,800 ~ — a? — ae Cowes.—In 13 Brit. 4,082, 1 Amer. 492,3 Dan. 817, 1 | } i } Dutch 229, 1 Hano. 195, 1 Norw. 375, 1 Prus. 512, 6 } | 42 26 Bepedd. 2,118 ccccccccccccccecss coscccece soc ves covccceceves sevcceccosce 27 8,820 88,076 717 18,653} 18,444 _ _ ~~ s om — | —_ Falmouth.—In 6 Brit 1,455, 3 Dan. 1,058, 2 Ham. 602, } } | _ _ BD Mone. Bbb, O Bees DIGG casece cecccocccse cevssecceveseneny §8 5,602 57,525 6} 16,842] 4,000 -- _ _ | _— | — Gibraltar.— En 1 Bard. 2. cre cssccceneccccss conceeesecseveccesecsecs 1 209 1,305 29 603) —_ _ _ | —_ -_ | = —_ a0 Jersey —In | Brit. Tir Tiniiiiit. 1 119 1,232 3 — | — | _- ~— “= ws .4 in — om Rdcennealian Br F BrGB.. <.c0es vesccs ceecrseconsensectecumessvereesn ces 7 1,800 6,688 | | 11,320! 42,436 _ _ — | 44 ws - et ES eae 4,224 11,248 | 113 | 39,579) 103,358 - — — | 2614 oe = 2,689 Malta.—In 5 Brit. 1,440, 1 Ham. 235, 2 Norw. 635, 1 | | | | | } 1 Prus 289, 1 Rus. 370, 2 Swed. G28...... 00secseeseevescee ees 12 3,597| 36,285 | — 12,480 — 4,614 _ - 7 -_ 4 - - @ | Van Dieman’s Land —In | Brit. ee l 355) 123 | 168 | — | — — — a | —_ | —_ _ I rance. i | 7 Sienereivin 10° WNetEN sccentensniermasncsnensonens esswsseeese| 13} 5,959) 83612] — | 29,671, 9,000 — 3 = — -)} = 300 1 Brit. 34%, | Brem,. 252, 3 French 767, | | | 98 Marseilles.—In 1 | on I _ ‘ | ] Neap. 465, 6 Sard. 1,514, | Span. 190, 1 Swed, 148... 14 3,679) 31,652 | 275 876 46,000 200 aud _ || Portugal and her Dependencies | | | Africa.—In 7 Amer 1,603, 4 French 766, 1 Hamb. 205, | | | a 20 Braz. 3,183, 5 Port. 1,412, 1 Sar. 109 ...cscrceceereeee) 38 7,338} 69 121 | — | _ 102 824 2,354) _ 1,252 — 30 Azores.—In 7 pOrt. reccccercccrceseee coveccovessovsescesseens cee eee 7 1,155 195 400 | 148) = 82 228 — | —_ —— aoe ois Lisbon.—In 2 Braz. G01, 13 Port. 3,436 ...... cceceeceeeeenee 15 4,037 8,653 1,970; 12,490 5,750 a 4,930 —_ | 13 we oo 251 Madeira.— Bab Port. ...vec cov sever csecsnccn envepnuee ceveeo sen seeees l 12 22 14 | — | _ 10 119 —_ | _ m7 ~_ ae SS ea te 2,513 | 1,596 36,848} 5,127 50 «5,815 1} 34 | ony _ 4 United States. | | j |} Baltimore.—In 39 Amer. 12,241, 3 Dan. 750,1 Sard. 304 43) 18,995) 26,8683) — 43,065) — -- —-/|—} oy —-| — - | Boston.—In 20 Amer. 5,915, 1 Ham. 370 10.0.0 c0e scenes eee 21 6,285 60,881 — | 24,820) 8,466 _ — — 314; =e — 61 Charleston.—In 3 Amer. 500, 1 Dan. 247...... +. i 1,047 11,468 — | _- _ — _ — | a om - ve | Mobile.—In 2 Amer. 499, 1 Ham. 203 .....ccccccocsscescoeses 3 702 7,657 _ — | - - ~ “ el 7 -™ ~- se New Orleans.—In 24 Amer. 12,445, 3 Swed. 1,242...... 27 13,687; 129,997 _ — | — _ -_ — 43 — | ~~ = {| New York.--In 43 Amer. 15,344, | Brem. 392,3 Dan. | j | | - | £49, 2 Ham. 466, 1 Norw. 163, 4 Swed. 1,732 ...... , 54) 18,946) 184,4403) — 35,210) 10,6965 — — —| wo, —| 1,41 454 ae } Philadelphia.—In 13 Amer. siainedesiabadbenimacionheintel, =a 3,1 15) 28,255 — | 10,605) — | — — | _ 53) | 1,30 15 \| SEMPMIRO GE TE FRMOE, ose ccs vasncsssncennvaceseneroveee cee susess } 242) 2,025 - mt — = - oe | al a as = | Snvannah.—In 1 AME. .cccccceesessercceeseees l 167 1,557 _ — | -- _- _ —_ | — | -_ | _ —_ Hanse Towns. | } BIOS Bremen.—tn 1 Brit. 306,6 Brem. 1,604, 2 Ham. 520, 1 | - | ; SININ Ur neininh< Sinaatetiadnh auincibecieunenceesadhebddiaiien feted 10 2,625 27,631 _ 2,732 13,948 14 _ — | = 17 288) 64 Hamburg. In 1 Brem. 350, 5 Dan. 1,°52, 21 Ham | | | } } . 8,032, 2 Prus. 819, 1 Rus. 433, 6 Swed. 2,721) ....c0000 36, 14,207; = 142,266 — 28,983! 225,179 2,077 — | elt 724 = | 1,360 1,222 Denmark. | | ‘ Altona.—In 6 Dan. 1,984, 1 Ham. 321, 1 Swed. 375... 8 = 2,680 29,890 _ _ 1,608} — —; —| = _- — | 125 Copenhagen.—In I Brit. 209, 2 Dam. 526 ...... cscsevees senses 3 735 7,829 | -- — —_ — — | — | a -- — | 2 | } | Sweden. | Gothenburg.—In 1 Dan, 233, 5 Swed. 1,490 svsecsesere| 6 1,723) 11,226 40 7,7 8 _ — — — | _ _ -— | ae Stockholm.—In 1 Dan. 186, 7 Swed. 1,880 .....cscscesceeses 5 2,0 6) 21,253 50 106 _ —_ — — | -— — | — 386 Holland. | Amsterdam.—In 1 Dutch 263, 1 Norw. 373...... ceecseceeee 2 636 5,892 106 —_ | 1,884 om ome — | —_ om om | 150 ie ical jive Turkey | | { Constantinople.—In 2 Brit. 450, 1 Swed. 241 wccscseeseees 3 691) 8,889 _ _ _ —~ —_ os —_ = - ist RU eo IT WEEE. dsc cietoccanteobascsorenarveneta Semnshesnil 2 O44 6,537 _ _ —_ _ = — _ — - _ Austrian States. | Trieste.—In 11 Brit. 3,009, 11 Dan 2,767, 1 Ham. 313, 2) | cet oe Lett j Swed. 838 ....0.cesssrsrerseserereevesseneeseeses eseene ces eonees sseeee 25, 6,927) 64,672 683 4,684 ~- 5,127 - _ - _ - _ f Pane | Vemiond—Tn 1 Batt. ccrcscccccevsnenstveasec sonveces wdvocedensaneons 1 441) 59 | 423 -- 3,000 —- — _ _ ae _ -_ mr || Belgium. | | Antwerp.—In 7 Brit. 1,733, 11 Belg. 3,026, 3 Dan. 592, A 3 | | « \| 1 Dutch 239, 1 Prus. 471, 4 Swed, 1,413...cc0sccssreesesenne| 27 7,474 79,357 - 11,522) 35,359 15 1 ] _ me | -_ 30 || Sardinian Slates. il GMeNOEh OR EDNON®

| To London and Liverpeod: s.cescce: cessoessesonvvccesocecctiovns ces 20) 6,024) 17,936 113; 50,899 145,794 _ anit amid 305 —_ — 3,282 | = | \| ___ Total to other places... rere sass eee eneneesesess ees eeesenenenes ees 551 _ 161,994 1,242,495 7 _11,400 318,284 395,642 15,506 14,976 3,804) 633 ' 21,676 4.365 3,841 THE AUCTION DUTIES ON COLONIAL AND FOREIGN lation, or for the temporary employment of spare money, should PRODUCE.—SPECULATION AND RESTRICTIONS be sold by private contract, and debarred them the advantage of ON TRADE. being put in the periodical public sales, which long custom and | When we witnessed the opposition which a small section of the the convenience of the buyers have dictated as the mode of dis- agricultural body offered to the repeal of the auction duties in posing of particular articles. | Parliament, we little thought that it would be our duty It is not a matter of surprise that existing interests should to have view with doubt and suspicion any change which threatens to | to combat objections from a more enlightened and popular quar- || ter—the importers and brokers of foreign produce in the City of derange or alter existing systems. For if they be ever so bad or | London, It is true their opposition has not assumed a pub- injurious, long custom has reconciled parties to them, who have lie and parliamentary character, yet, nevertheless, the remarks provided the most perfect means and contrivances for escaping | which we daily hear ‘in private shows us that there exists a wide the difficulties, and which, therefore, cease to be very prominently and general suspicion that this change may be injurious to the felt; and the superior advantages of other systems are thus ex- interests of trade. _ cluded from the view of the practical man. It is, perhaps, not generally known that In glancing over the mercantile circulars of last month, we one of the numerous issued by an eminent house, _ Cases in which the auction duty had been abandoned discover the following passage in one was on the management and sale of East India pro- sales of all articles of foreign produce imported into this country, engaged chiefly in the when in the possession and sold on account of the importer ; but duce. In describing the finance measure of the present session such mee having once been sold, and having passed into they say :— second cease, in lieu of which auctioneers’ licences are hands, if then sold by auction, was subject to the usual “* The auction duty is to duty of five increased from 5/ to 15/ per annum. This alteration is of more importance per cent. This regulation rendered it needful, there- the effect of the fore, that all goods which than may at first sight appear, and it is doubtful whether had been purchased and held on specu- measure on the colonial markets was fully appreciated by Ministers, It is THE ECONOMIST. [April 19,

generally we ll kn own among merchants who sell goods by auction, thatfthe from the way in which business is conducted, which facilitates the first importer is free from the duty altogether; but when once an article passing of goods from one hand to another, cannot fail to kee has changed hands, it eannot be sold in public sale without paying the auc- prices more steady, and relieve trade from fluctuations to whic tion duty of five per cent. The effect of this regulation was, to prevent the it would otherwise be subject. colonial markets being overloaded with second hand goods being put up for sale several times. The difliculty in disposing of produce under these cir- But to descend from general principles to the particular cage cumstances tended to keep speculators out of our markets, and to preserve before us, it appears to us a most unquestionable truth, that the ihe trade in a comparatively sound and healthy condition. The removal of removal of the auction duties on second hand goods, as they are must of this restriction will offer an increased premium on speculation, and termed, can but be beneficial to all parties concerned, and espe- frequent fluctuations in the value of goods. necessity be followed by more cially in those cases where custom, or the convenience of the The effect will be the more seriously felt when the price of an article has reached a point above its average value, and every holder desirous of rea- trade, make sales by public auction the most beneficial mode of izing ; large public sales will be pressed forward, and the consequence may disposing of goods. gpl illest mines poe be a sudden avd unnecessary depreciation.” lor example, there are some articles, such as indigo, with re. We are perfectly agreed that it is of the utmost importance to spect to which the convenience of the trade has dictated a conti- every interest that it should be retained in as equable and steady nuance of the practice of periodical public sales established by the a position as possible. The interests alike of the producers and East India Company. This practice has no doubt been continued and especially of those connected / consumers of every article, * as ' a ‘ not only on the ground that the largest portion of the indigo im- | with our manufacturing industry, are equally consulted by steadi- ported 1s on account of planters and houses in India, to whom it | ness of price, and deranged and endangered by sudden fluctuations. must always be more satisfactory, as well as to the houses here Extreme low prices frequently give a permanent discouragement to whom it is consigned, that the value should be determined by | to cultivation, which again result in scarcity and corresponding, public competition ; and also for another important reason, that injure consump- high prices; extreme high prices permanently many of the buyers come from a great distance, the largest portion tion, by inducing the introduction of substitutes, and discouraging of this article being sold for foreign consumption. So, again with the use of the articles into which such produce is manufactured, Australian wool. This article is received altogether on consign- We are perfectly agreed, therefore, with the writers of the circular | ment; and the principle of periodical public sales having been | which we quote, that steadiness of price is in the highest degree adopted, not only affords the most satisfactory evidence to the desirable in every pursuit. owners, that the real value is procured for the article, but also But we believe the writers, and with them a large portion of brings together the buyers and manufacturers from all parts of the the ] mercantile public, greatly mistake the tendency of the present country at such times, and secures a more perfect test of the change in this respect; on the contrary, we believe it can easily value. be shown that one of the most unquestionable and direct benefits But surely it cannot be contended that in the event of a dull mar- which commerce can derive from the removal of all restrictions,— ket, or an unusually large crop, it would not bea very beneficial thing | from the introduction of all possible facilities to conduct transac- to all parties concerned that every facility should be offered to the tions in the way most immediately beneficial to the parties inte- capitalist to come forward and invest his money in indigo or wool, as rested, or by which early and perfect information can be obtained, the case might be. It is easy to understand that a capitalist might be will be found to result in a more equable price, and in less violent altogether prevented from entertaining the investment, if he found | and hurtful fluctuations. that he could not avail, himself of the advantages of public sales | in again disposing of them ata future time without a sacrifice of 5 There can be no question, | notwithstanding the instances of per cent duty; the duty would operate as a discouragement to the severe reverses and of panics which sometimes accompany or fol- | | investment, or the party would hold back until the price was 5 per | low speculation, that, conducted within legitimate bounds and with } . . . - cent lower than he would otherwise have been content to have paid. common prudence, it is the very essence of commerce—equally Thus, the duty may be the cause of preventing a sale altogether, or heneficial to the public and to individuals. All trade is less or | at least of lowering the price by that amount. But the absence of more speculation, and speculation is good or bad, hurtful or bene- such a charge, while it removes an impediment to the purchase in | ficial, according to the way in which it is exercised; and it is not one case, cannot add to the whole quantity brought on the mar- because there are occasional examples of rash and unprincipled ket in any case; it will only make that quantity be brought forward men hazarding thousands, that have not units to lose, and who by in amore uniform way, and more in unison with the wants of the some extraordinary combination of circumstances obtain a credit, trade. There is no kind of competition so damaging to the regular | the breaking up of which produces temporary panic and derange- trader, as that wherein the holders of the goods are precluded from | ment, that we are to disparage the great principle on which availing themselves of the best and most legitimate mode of dispos- ing of them. Goods are more likely to be suddenly pressed on the | all commerce turns—the every day sustenance of trade, and market, and sacrifices made in this way than any other. In cases | best guarantee to the public of continuous and regular supplies where the peculiar convenience of individuals immediately interested | of any article, when wanted, and as wanted. Speculation, in its in an article, or its nature otherwise dictates sales by public auction | legitimate sphere, is the foresight which individuals exercise for as the best mode of disposing of goods, this mode will, no doubt, | the future provision of a country; which anticipates scarcity be- still be resorted to, and the ———, of including second hand _ fore it arrives, and, by withholding supplies, and raising prices at goods, in such sales, can only form an additional inducement to the an early period, modifies the evil and prevents scarcity becoming capitalist to step in when the demand is dull, and with the aid of famine ; or which anticipates abundance, and gives the public the his capital tend to sustain the market, and prevent so great a fall as advantage of an earlier reduction of prices, and saves the pro- would otherwise take place. Nor need importers needlessly alarm ducer from the great ruin which an ultimate glut would incur. themselves that public sales will be unnecessarily frequent or sudden ; Speculation exercises the precaution for the public, which the it will always be as much the interest of holders of second hand as | captain of a ship does for his crew, who, foresceing a short com- of first hand goods, to dispose of their goods with due notice, and in the way to obtain the greatest number of buyers. The late system | ing of provisions before he can reach land, reduces a little the which compelled the private sale of all second hand goods, was much daily allowance, and spreads the deficiency almost imperceptibly more likely to induce sacrifices and derangements of the market be- over the consumption of many weeks, in place of leaving his men tween the usual sales. The truth is, that the general and average _ to starvation in the last few days of his voyage. Speculation value of all commodities is determined by the proportion which | grows our crops at home, cultivates land in the most distant parts production and existing stocks bear to the consumption, and not by | of the world, directs the efforts of the huntsman in the torrid any regulations imposed on the manner of disposing of them. But zone, and the labour of the planter in the tropics,—supplies alike there can be no doubt that the absence of all such regulations and | Covent Garden market every week with always enough of home restrictions can but have the effect of equalising prices and prevent | products for the huge population of this metropolis, and our ing fluctuations. | decks and warehouses with the products of every country in the Nor will the change be less beneficial to the broker than the mer- | world, with as much certainty as season follows season. And chant, for surely every facility which leads to the more frequent _ the more free and unfettered the private ehange of goods, which attracts the spare capital of traders as an judgment and energies numerous transac- which have all this to direct, the more perfectly investment to an article, can only lead to more will the work be tions, and consequently to more business to brokers. We have gone accomplished. Restrictions and regulations which attempt to direct, only confuse more at length into this subject than its individual importance de- and disturb all the calculations on which com- served, as we were desirous to show how the removal of all restric | mercial transactions are based. tions can only tend to facilitate trade to the advantage of all con- Our forefathers, in their ignorance of commercial principles, cerned. prohibited, under severe penalties, the existence of middlemen | as dealers and speculators in corn. They conceived that some- CURRENCY AND BANKING. on Articles on thing must be wasted if the produce did not pass directly from A limited number of copies of the Economst, containing the previous | the hands of the grower to those of the consumer, and the foolish subject, may still be had of the Publisher. “~ ARTICLE VII. esata | reguiations against forestalling were the consequence of this no- SIR ROBERT PEEL'S NEW BANK BILL CONTINUED.—INFLUEN tion. The result was, that for three months immediately after CURRENCY ON PRICES. | harvest corn was sometimes less than half the price that it was Assumption, Fourth.—That by an expansion or contraction of | in the three or four months preceding the next harvest. The the issues of bank notes at pleasure, the prices of commodities can repeal of these childish and barbarous reestrictions brought the be increased or diminished. xsi capital of the corn merchant and speculator into the market, who This assumption exhibits a striking example of an opinion hav- purchased up the surplus corn in the winter, and supplied the ing gained such universal acceptance and admission as to ! have public with it at the profit which competition determined in the ceased, for many years, to be considered a question on which a | spring and summer. doubt could be entertained; though it is probable that the fact So it is with every article. Speculation tends more than any was entirely overlooked, that the circumstances under which the thing else to prevent the very evil which the circular which we opinion originally grew, and to which it might be applicable, were have quoted attributes to it. And every restriction which is taken altogether different from those which have existed of late years.

. I SS ——————————— 1845.] THE ECONOMIST. 361 not exceed that re- It is not, however, difficult to trace the origin of the opinion, nor money, and as long as the quantity does whatever grounds there undoubtedly were for enter- quired for the currency—as long as coin continues to circulate to show that when taining it under other circumstances, there are none now. with such paper, no depreciation will take place. Thus, To render this part of the discussion more plain, it will be use- the French assignats were first issued, and for many months af- place. It ful here to recal the reader’s attention to a fact explained in our terwards, no increase in the prices of commodities took article (March 15th), that gold, although adopted as the stan- was not, in fact, until the continuous stream of paper money, first all dard of value, and coined into current money, has still only the issued for the expenditure of the government, had displaced the currency, and a same relationship to other commodities, in value, that it would the coin from circulation, that depreciation of continue to have had as an article of simple barter; the only dif- corresponding increase in the prices of commodities, commenced ; ference being that all variations are expressed by the smaller or and, from this period, whatever addition was made to the cireula- greater quantity of gold (money) that, at any given time, will ex- tion would unquestionably be attended with a further rise of change for a certain quantity of any other commodity. prices ; and had any contraction of the circulation taken place by The immediate exchangeable value of any commodity is deter- a redemption and withdrawal of a part of the paper, a correspond- mined by the proportion which the supply bears to the demand, ing fall in prices would immediately have followed. In short, in but the w/timate value, by the quantity of labour required to pro- that state of the circulation, prices could be acted upon at plea- duce it ; for, if the supply be so great in proportion to the de- sure in accordance with the assumption which we are now consi- mand, to secure only such a price as will not repay the cost of pro- dering; and there is no doubt that the report of the Bullion Com- duction, a portion of labour and capital will be removed to some mittee of 1810, and many of the early writings which appear to more profitable article, until, the supply being diminished, the favour this assumption, in so doing allude to the action of an in- price will rise to that rate which will afford the usual wages for convertible paper currency. ; labour and profit on capital; so, on the contrary, if the demand But nothing can be plainer to the commonest understanding, for an article be so great, in proportion to the supply, that it com- than that any change of price which takes place from a deprecia- mands a higher price than yields the ordinary profit of capital and tion of the currency is only nominal, and not real, and in no way wages of labour, a large portion of both will be directed to its acts on the relative prices of other countries, which remain pre- production, the quantity will be increased, and the price dimi- cisely the same as before. When the French assignats were de- nished, till it yields only the usual rate. preciated by over issue, and all commodities in France had risen in These are the principles which determine the relative values of | price, expressed in assiqnats, that rise was compensated, in relation to commodities in a nals state of barter, alike of gold, wheat, iron, all other countries, by a corresponding fall in the exchanges. If, timber, or any other article; and these are the same principles before the depreciation commenced, the exchange between Paris which still regulate the relative values of gold and all other com- and London showed that twenty-five francs were equal to one pound, modities, though it be adopted as a standard of value and coined as the depreciation proceeded it would require a constantly increas- Rte ot into money. If, in a simple state of barter, a quarter of wheat ing number of francs to purchase a bill on London of any given ane becomes worth more gold, it can only be because wheat is more amount. Any rise of price, therefore, which took place in France scarce, or gold more plentiful; or, if a quarter of wheat becomes constituted no additional inducement to ship goods from this worth less gold, it can only be because wheat is more plentiful, country, for, whatever was apparently gained by their sale m or gold more scarce, than they had previously been. So precisely France, would be lost in the exchange in making the remittance the same when gold is coined into money and adopted as the stan- to London; or, if other goods, of French produce, were imported as dard of value. If wheat falls in price it can only be that it has returns for our shipments, they would be purchased at a price become more plentiful, or that the commodity gold has become relatively high. A precisely similar effect would be produced by more scarce; or, if wheat rises in price, it can still only be degrading the coin. If, in place of coming only 3/ 17s 104d from that it has become more scarce, or gold more abundant. We an ounce of gold, the wishes of some parties had been tollowed, are more particular in making these clear admissions, because and an ounce coined into 5/, the nominal prices of all commodities some authors have considered that their undeniable truth in this country would no doubt be raised, but their exchangeable amounted to a full proof of the assumption which we are now con- value in other countries would remain precisely as it is, and trans- sidering ; and we shall now have to show wherein such opinions actions would be adjusted by an alteration in the exchanges. We are utterly groundless. have thus pointed out two distinet ways in which an increase or The first great event which attracted the attention of the world decrease of the currency can correspondingly ailect the prices of to the rise in the price of commodities generally, consequent on an commodities—/irst, By an increased or diminished supply of the increase in the quantity of the precious metals, was the discovery precious metals ; Second, By an increase or decrease of depreciated of the American mines. The greater supply of the precious metals inconvertible paper. In the first case the action on prices is ge- from this source had an effect throughout the civilised world of neral and equal in all countries having commercial intercourse, lowering their exchangeable value in relation to all other commo- and, though altered, the redative price remaims the same. In the dities ; but the supply was not checked in consequence of that second case the action is local, and perfectly nominal, and is effee- lower value, inasmuch as the labour necessary for their produc- tually compensated by a corresponding alteration in the ex- tion had diminished in consequence of the richness of the mines. changes. And in neither case is the action on prices such as can This decrease of the exchangeable value of the precious metals constitute any reason for either increasing or diminishing the im- er lowered the value of all money, or circulating me- ports to, or exports from, any other country, or that can in any way dium based on them as a standard of value, and consequently affect the balances due between diflerent countries, raised the money price of all other commodities. But, as long as But although all this is abundantly evident, and will scarcely the precious metals were allowed freely to flow into, and out of, each be denied by any one, yet there can be little doubt that much of country, the effect must have been generally and equally felt in the prevailing opinion with respect to the action of the currency all. Very little time could elapse before the new value was com- on prices, involved in the assumption now under consideration, municated to the metals equally in every country,'for a difference of owes its origin and general adoption to the effects produced under one or two per cent is quite a sufficient inducement for the transmis- the very different circumstances which we have described. sion of bullion from one country to another. In this and all In a very able paper, attributed to Mr Horner, which appeared similar cases, therefore, when prices are raised by an increase of the in the second number of the Edinburgh Review (1802), we find the precious metals, the effect is general and not local—the effect pro- following passage :—“If the quantity of circulating medium is duced on commodities in one country is produced similarly on those permanently augmented, without a corresponding augmentation of all others ; the relative difference remains precisely the same, re- of internal trade, a rise will unavoidably take place in the price of gulated by the cost of production and the fiscal laws governing exchangeable commodities. Indeed, this is a principle upon which commercial exchanges. There is nothing whatever in the new all the writers on commerce, both practical and speculative, are value of the metals which in any way influences the exchange of agreed; they have thought it so undeniable as to require no par- other commodities between different countries ; it produces, in fact, ticular illustration, and have assumed it as an obvious truth.” only a nominal difference of price, and, though gold and silver Nor should we be disposed in any way to question the truth of were doubled in their quantity, and the nominal prices of commo- the proposition as here stated. Mr Horner was writing ata period dities were also doubled, the exchanges between different coun- when the currency was inconvertible, when paper was already at tries would remain altogether uninfluenced by that event. There- a depreciation of 7} per cent, and when much discussion prevailed fore, although such an increase or decrease in the quantity of the as to the effect of the increasing paper issues on prices. Much if precious metals would unquestionably act on the price of other not all of this discussion turned on the question as to the pos- commodities, yet that action would be in no way such as could sibility of permanently augmenting the circulating medium. Mr affect the exchanges between different countries. All things Horner refers to Dr Smith’s refutation of Mr Hume's notion would remain relatively the same as before. This would be the that paper money raises prices, in which it is shown that an issue case with a purely metallic currency. of paper cannot raise prices, -because it only displaces so much of The prices of commodities may also be acted upon by an in- the coin, and does not increase the circulation hepeua the wants | Crease or decrease of currency—when it is of inconvertible paper, of trade. Now, no doubt, this is so far true in all cases, but in - being metallic, if the coin is degraded below the standard; and the case of inconvertible paper, such as existed at that moment, Dr _ effect on prices, unlike that which we have just considered Smith’s argument only held good until all the coin was displaced, will be local, and not general. The most remarkable case which after which there can be no doubt that whatever further issue of istory affords, of inconvertible paper money, is that of the French inconvertible paper took place, the currency would be depreciated, | ee issued in 1790. We have already, in a former article, and prices would correspondingly rise. But in the case of a con- n that inconvertibility alone is not a sufficient reason for vertible currency, Dr Smith's argument would always be good ; ib Seeenmen As long as inconvertible paper is received by for though it would be quite possible for paper, if issued of the ment in payment of taxes, and passes current as same denomination as the coin, to press the latter entirely out of

oe 362 THE ECONOMIST. [April 19,

circulation, as one pound notes have done in Scotland, yet the check evidence with which we have yet met of the utter confusion which of convertibility must render it utterly impossible further to in- prevails in men’s minds of the real nature of currency and capi. tal—of coin as a circulating medium, and of the precious metals sie crease the amount of the aes in circulation. It is true the a commodity of commerce ; a confusion which must general principle, as stated ry Dr Smith, is subject toa mod ifica- be so appa- tiop, which we have already im a former place noticed. To what- rent to those who have followed our arguments thus far, that we | need not further refer to it. ever extent the issue of paper money released gold from the But some have an idea that, in every case of an influx of bullion currency, to that extent would there be an increased supply of a similar effect should be experienced locally that is produced that commodity on the general markets of the world, and its value would be correspondingly diminished as much as if a similar addi- generally by an increase of metals irom the mines. The differ. tional supply had been received from the mines; and to this ence is very essential. In the case of an ordinary influx of gold extent would the substitution of a paper for a gold currency into this country, caused by a favourable state of the exchanges rent increase prices generally in all countries, while in each country the genera! quantity of gold is not changed, nor its relation in they would remain relatively the same. But in these cases again value to other commodities ; a new distribution of it is all that into a mere nominal rise takes place. To those who received larger quantities of metal i the influence on prices is resolved either ‘ from a depreciated currency, which is compensated by a fall in from South America in exchange for the commodities which they } the exchanges, or a general rise caused by a lower valuc of the have shipped to that country, and in consequence of the increased precious metals, but w hich does not affect the relative prices between productiveness of the mines, the additional quantity is in the | different countries, nor in any way act on the exchanges, except first place so much increased profit, which not only enables them so far as to effect a distribution of such additional supplies of the to expend more money privately, but which also forms a power- metals. ful inducement to increase their purchases of goods and ship- ments to South America. This additional demand, for shipment EA But in all these actions, which may be exercised on prices through the currency, there is nothing whatever in the least de- to that country, of woollens and cottons from England, of wine gree analagous to the action contemplated by the modern doctrine and silks from France, of flour and domestics from America, and on which the New Bank Bill is founded, and involving the assump- the increased demand for articles of consumption, and for securi- ' tion, “ that, by an expansion or contraction of the issues of bank ties for investment by those who made the additional profits at notes at pleasure, the prices of commodities can be increased or first, would soon increase prices generally,in proportion to the | diminished.” ‘The increase or decrease of prices here alluded to new supplies of the metals, are not nominal, but real; and in relation to the prices of other But in case of an influx of bullion, owing to a favourable ex- | countries, an increase or decrease which shall constitute new change, the case is widely different. The very fact that merchants | motives for importing or exporting commodities, as the case have recourse to bullion to bring home their capital from those | may be. countries where it is not produced, is usually an evidence that | The assumption before us involves two questions—first, expan- commodities generally cannot be imported hut at a loss. In con- | sion and contraction of the currency at pleasure ; and, second, as sequence of the lessened imports the exchanges turn in our favour, SSS SSD SSS | the consequence a corresponding action on prices. Many authors, and at length bullion is resorted to as the least disadvantageous | iv treating of the latter as a consequence ; and even combating its medium of transferring capital from one place to another, But truth, have laboured under great difficulties, by proceeding upon this neither infers a power for an increased private expenditure, \| the admission of the former; but if the former be admitted, we con- nor an inducement for a repetition of purchases for shipment ; fess we cannot understand how the latter can be denied as the legiti- and hence we find that in practice neither circulation nor prices || mate consequence. If, in the language of Mr Horner, there be any increase under such circumstances, but that both diminish. | means by which “the quantity of arculating medium (being con- In Article 11 (March 15th) we fully considered the effect of an | vertible paper and com) can be permanently augmented, without influx of bullion in consequence of a favourable exchange ona a corresponding augmentation of internal trade, a rise will una- metallic currency, and the same precisely must take place with a | voidably take place in the price of exchangeable commodities.” mixed currency of coin and convertible notes, | Such means, as we have already seen, do exist in the case of an From the beginning of 1841 to 1843 we had an uninterrupted inconvertible currency ; but the rise in price, in consequence, is only favourable exchange; the bullion in the Rank rapidly increased || ' nominal . . in that case, being . immediately . . compensated to other all the time from 3,965,000/ to upwards of 11,000,000/; every countries by a fall in the exchange. But with a convertible cur- means was used, which properly could be, to increase the cireula. || tion; but it fell, during that time, from 35,660,000/ to 34,049,000/, ie rency, if such means exist at all, the rise in price would not be nominal, but real, as it would be expressed either in coin or notes and, during the whole period, the prices of commodities generally | convertible into coin, and therefore would not, as in the other case, were sinking lower; and 1842, the year in which the largest be compensated by any fall in the exchange. But this fact shows import of gold took place, was the most depressed in prices, and || at once the impossibility of the “ augmentation’ alluded to in the the lowest in the circulation of any during the !ast thirty years. || premises, when the currency is convertible. A currency “ aug- Nor were the s'ocks of commodities generally above an average, |} ; mented without any corresponding augmentation of internal trade,”’ and the imports were much below an average; and, up to this implies a quantity of notes retained im circulation, at the will of time, though bullion has latterly increased to upwards of the issuers, which the public do not require. Now, the public do 16,000,000/., all the recent efforis of the Bank to increase the not receive notes from a banker without paying interest for their circulation have proved unavailing, and the prices of all kinds use; and, however low that may be, they will take no more than of commodities, even in the absence of any unusuastocks, with they absolutely require—nor do they retain notes in their posses- some few exceptions, continue unprecedentedly low. The sion beyond what the convenience of trade requires, and, there- events of the last four years must go far to convince even fore, if issued in excess of that quantity, and, ifconvertible, a por- those who will not exercise the patience to investigate and under- tion would be instantly returned upon the issuers. Nor can we stand the theory, that a great error has existed in regard to the | Conceive any means whatever by which the circulation could be so connection between bank circulation and prices of commodities. | augmented ; and we have deeply to regret that, although such a | power on the part of banks has been taken for granted by most | of the writers during the last twelve years, no one has yet at- ~ IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. | tempted to explain by what process it could be accomplished ; and we are compelled to think that impressions, which gained House of Lords. ground many years since as applicable to an inconvertible Monday, Apri \4. cur- nousir, in reply to the Mar- | rency, have been inadvertently associated also with a convertible Intsy Raitways.—The Eur] a bat | currency. quis of Clanricarde, stated that the railway committee of the Board | No doubt, if of Trade, in reporting in favour of railways in Ireland, did so, not the internal transactions of the country increase, ele NRNRNNITURROE ar ENNIS — -seeeurenemenatnen or absolutely, as the best lines that could be devised, but as the best if the prices of commodities rise, a larger amount of circulating | medium, whether purely metallic, or mixed of paper and which had been submitted to their consideration. Ireland was a coin, will far different from England, that it had been elaborately bent | be required to conduct the exchanges; and thus, though an seven — in- veyed by a commission appointed by the government | creased circulation could not be called into existence as a cause to | produce ago; and an admirable report had been the result. By tts cone ‘| higher prices, it would follow as the effeet orc onsequence sions the railway committee had been guided ; and whenever 1) | of higher prices. But in that ease, “ The circulation would not be was necessary to depart from them, and it was always with Hit augmented wi/howt a corresponding augmentation of trade.” Mr and always under circumstances which would probably, under the | | Tooke expresses this view of the case thus :— altered circumstances, have been sanctioned by the comm issioners themselves. | “ That the prices of commodities do not depend upon the quantity of money indicated by the amount of bank notes, nor upon the amount Tuesday, April 15. of the Rartways.—Lord Brovenam once more directed attention to the - whole circulating med'um; but that, on the contrary, the amount of the | circulating eee ae a medium is the eonsequence of prices.” snbject of speculation in railways, going into details on the — To which Colonel Torrens replies— and promising to bring it under the consideration of the house, 08 | “ The logical definite form, on an early day. ; accuracy of this conclusion may be tested by affirming the Various bills were advanced different stages, after 80 me discussion. analogous proposition, that the prices of commodities in Europe, after the oe | discovery of the mines of South America, did not depend upon the quantity Thursday, April. 17. : | | of money indicated by the amount of coin, nor by the amount of the whole A great amount of routine business was transacted by their Lord | of the supply of gold and silver; but that, on the contrary, the mines of ships to-night. : South America, and the increased amount of gold and silver obtained there- fewer Tausts.—Lord Brovewam brought under the notice of | from, were the consequence of the subsequent rise of prices.” the Lords, the case of the turnpike trusts, en which 9,000,000 by That this ingenious and accomplished economist should have been borrowed, and the value of which will be much de teriora | stated these as two “analagous propositions,” is the most striking the extension of railways. The noble lord also state d another case 1845.] THE ECONOMIST. 363

arising frem seven railways which it is proposed a mea-ure, No, not a session, not a month ; the thing must be done, and individual hardship, lu this way the registration bill was pressed upon the to cut through one small property. His lordship regretted that the done immediately. announced house. Buta change took phice from opposition to power. The instru- subject had not been taken up by the Gevernment, and ments of the right hon. gentleman were needed no more, (Hear, hear.) to make committees his intention of proposing another standing order, He gained a parliament whieli would undoubtedly have passed that regis- a rive costs against the parties who propose railway bills. —Several tration bill, Where is that registration bill gone ? (cheering)-—a bill now noble lords supported this view. positively pronounced by itsautior to be a bill so destructive to everything Improvement oF Lanpep Estates.—On the motion ef the Duke like a representative system, that no minister could venture to propose It. of Ricumonp, and after a few observations from the Duke ef Cleve- But then, I again ask, if the bill be gone, where i- its substitute, (Cheers.) B: aumont, a select committee was It is to be found in the bill now before you for the endowment of the Col land, Lord Ashburton, and Lord Marrs appointed to inquire into the expediency of enabling the possessors of lege of Maynooth. (Cheers.) Did ever man hear of such legerdemain ? entailed estates to charge them with a limited sum, in order perma- (Cheers again.) Why that bill was held out to honest, eager, hot headed nently to improve them, Protestants in Ireland as a bill in their favour, and ag against the Roman Catholics. They started forward to grasp the gift; they thanked you, and Some equivoeal civilities passed between the Earl of Cadogan and were about to snateh the boon from your hands, when it was suddenly the Bishop of London concerning the salary allowed by the Beard of withdrawn from them, and they were left to endure the pangs of disappoint- Charch Commissioners to the rector of Upper Chelsea. ‘The Bishop ment, Is it strange then that proceedings such as this should excite Irrita- accused the Earl of “ selfishness” in grudging the rector a stipend tion? Can we wonder that petitions agaiust the present measure should of 730/ a year, and the Earl said— now pour upon your table ? Is it possible that the people out ot doors should “The right reverend prelate had been guilty of a most unfounded not feel some indignation when they see men who, when in opposition, voted aspersion of his character, by stating, or rather by insinuating, that the against the old grant to Maynooth, now whipping in their numbers to vote principal motive which induced him to bring the subjeet before their lord- for au increased grant 2 (Cheering ) Can you wonder that all those fierce ships was that of self-interest. He shonld despise such a motive, and he spirits you tanght to harrass us should now turn round to worry you ? TL ATGiISONYANEetsith CE TOPE:Ragcacaaee—,NL Ae1 Nt would only add, that he who suggested it would have been the only person (Vehement cheering, which drowned the right hon. gentlemin’s voice.) sits tala cnet ™ to practise it. (A laugh.)” The Orangeman raises his howl, and Exeter-hall sets upits bray (laughter), —Adjourned, and Mr M*Neill is borror-stricken to think that a still larger grant isin tended for “the priests of Bual’ at the table of * Jezabel” (cheers), and House of Commons. your Protestant operatives of Dublin call for theimpeachmen of the Minis- Monday, Apri! \4. ter in exceedingly bad English. (Cheers and langhter ) But what did you expect 2? Did you think, when you called up for your own purposes the THE GRANT TO MAYNOOTH COLLEGE, devil of religious animosities, that you could lay him as casily as you raised Tus ApsouRNED Desate.—Mr Hawes opened the adjourned | him 2 (Hear, hear.) Did you think, when, session after session, you went debate on the grant to Maynooth College, approving of it, but on attacking those whom you knew to be in the right, and flattering the prejudices of those whom you knew to bein the wrong, that the day of proposing that the funds be taken from the Established Chureh.—Mr Fox Mave opposed it in every shape, saying that the government, In reckoning would never come? That day has come ¢eliecrs) , and now, on giving public money to a church over which they exercised no con- that day, you are domg penance for the disingennousnessof years, (tlear.) 4 If it be not so, clear your fame, as public men, mantally before this hous« rd trol, were acting on principles which they repudiated in dealing with ond this country. Show us some clesr prineiple, with respect to Irish af- the Free Church party in Scotland, and caused in consequence of the | fairs, which has guided you, both in office and in opposition. (Loud cheers, ) disruption of the Es:ablished Church in that country. It was in Show us how, if you are honest in 1845, you could have beeu honest in 1841 vain, he said, to expect that the bill before them would allay agita- (Cheers.) Explain to us why, after having, when out of place, gouded Ire- tion, or that they could hope, at that rate, to stop short of an entire land into madness in order to ingratiate yourselves with England. you are endowment of the Roman Catholic Church—a measure which also now throwing Exgiand into a flame iu order to ingratiate yourselves with would be unjust to the bulk of the Dissenters of this country.—The Ireland. Let us hear some argument that, as ministers, you are entitled to O’Connor Don, asa Roman Catholic, accepted the measure thank- support, which shall not equally show that you were the most factious and fully; Sir Thomas Fremantle, Lord Castlereagh, Colonel Thomas unprincipled opposition this country ever saw. (Lond cheers.) Sir, these are my opinions respecting the conduet of the Ministry ; but am I there- Wood, and Mr Wynn, supported the bill asa Ministerial measure ; fore to take the counsel of the hon. member for Shrewsbury (Mr Disraeli), Sir Charles Napier and Mr Cowper supported it as a necessary step and vote against this bill? Not sO. (tear, hear). I believe the tate of in conciliating the Lrish people; Mr Lefroy and Mr Gregory opposed the bill and the fate of the Ministry to be in our hands (cheers); but I nese it “on religious grounds,” and Mr Stafford O’Brien, “ because the believe the spectacle of inconsistency which is exhibited ov that bench will system pursued tended to shake public confidence in public men, and do mischief enough. That mischief would not be lessened, but infinitely | to increase distrust in that house.” After these gentlemen had seve- increased, if an answering display of inconsistency be made on this side of | rally addressed the house, the house. (Hear, hear.) Admit that the circumstance of this bill being Mr Macau ay, classifying the opponents of the measure, expressed brought in by Tories or Conservatives, whichever they term themselves, may of its If produce evils, they would be doubled, if it were rejected by means | his surprise at the conduct of those who would have voted for the of the Whigs. It seems to me, that then we should have nothing before | annual grant of 9,000/, yet declared their scruples against the in- us but one vast shipwreck of all the public character in the kingdom. | creased grant of 26,0007. They would, he said, provide a dilapidated (Hear, hear.) And therefore it is, that though at the cost of sacrifices chapel, pay professors with wages you would scarcely give a groom ; which it is not agreeable to any man to make, and restraining many feel- supply students with a less keep than that of a common soldier, and ings that | own stir strongly within me, | have determined to give to this drop their objections, provided Maynooth were a shabby establish- Lill through all its stages my most steady support. (Hear.) To this bill ment. Contrasting this with the magnificence of Oxford and Cam- | and to every bill emanat ng from the government, which shall appear to me bridge, the magnificent chapels, halls, museums, residences of the | calculated to make Great Britain and Ireland one united kingdom, I will professors, and so forth, down to the kitchens, with their excellent give my support, regardiess of obloquy—regardless of the risk, which | know ale and buttery; and recollecting from whose munificence we had I run, of losing my seat in parliament, (Hear, hear.) Otloquy so earned | hold to be glory (cheers); and as to my seat in parliament, I have deter- derived all this, he blushed for the Protestantism of the 19th century. mined never to held it by an ignominious tenure (renewed cheers); and I | We endowed the churches of England and Scotland. Was there no am sure, that I can never lose it in a more honourable cause. (Continued difference between them ? Were there no differences in each ? How, cheering.) then, could they be secure from teaching error ? It attached to every Mr Suaw followed, not answering Mr Macaulay, but, stating his LC . ee movement of our own, and for his part he would rather that the Ro- “religious” objeciions to the measure, he thought goverument was man Catholics of Ireland were taught error than no religion at all. playing into the hands ef their enemies, and were likely soon to have To propagate error as error, would be diabolical; but the people of the whole of Lreland opposed to then.—Mr Sypney Henserr con- Ireland were sincerely convinced of the truth of the doctrines they cluded the debate for the mght. He said ministers were under a believed. In Ireland, there was a church of 800,000 members, with necessity of “ doing something” for Lreland, and maintained that this a great endowment ; and when the Wesleyans objected on principle was the right thing to do. to the small grant to the millions of the Roman Catholic Church, they were bound to show, 1m making an analogous case, that they Tuesday, April 15, constituted fourteen millions out of their sixteen millions of the po- Major Beresford, Colonel Verner, Mr Newdegate, and Mr P. M. pulation of England, and that endowments left by John Wesley were Stewart all opposed the measure from a feeling of inimicalness to the taken from them by act of Parliament. But the whole history of the Roman Catholic religion.— Mr Paxktneron supported it as a govern- world furnished no similar example of a case by which, as in Lreland, ment measure, very honestly confessing that he had, in 1840, voted the majority were subjected to the minority. But while he sup- fur the prospective withdrawal of the grant; but it was on the same ported the measure, he admitted that in proposing it and others, pub- principle that he supported the present measure, namely, that May- lie men, whether in office or in opposition, should be actuated by fixed nooth left in its existing state was one of the most serious evils with principles. Sir Robert Peel had, unquestionably, great qualifications which Ireland could be afflicted. —Mr Hume supported it as a mea- as a minister, whether in managing public business or the House of sure of justice and duty to the people of Ireland.— Sir Joun Manner Commons ; but as little could it be denied, that in opposition he had opposed it as the commencement of a line of policy which, if carried profited by passions with which he had no sympathy, and prejudices out, must end in giving public money to every religious sect; in which which he did not share. The “No Popery” ery was revived. “I policy he could not concur.—Mr Sergeant Mureny, as a Catholic, ask you,” continued the right hon. gentleman— accepted the measure as one of justice, and deprecated the acrimo- “Task you what was the ery raised against Lord Melbourne’s govern- nious tone in which his religion was discussed, both in that house ment? It was * No Popery,’ and | defy any one to deny that it did more and out of doors.—Lord Worstey intimated his intention of voting injury to Lord Melbourne’s government than any other eause. Why, vs for the second reading, and afterwards for Mr Ward’s amendment. the hon. member for Northamptonshire said, and os the noble lord the mem- The Karl of Lincoln, Messrs W. Milnes, Ross, and M. Gore, all spoke ber for Down also said, is there a single person in this house who believes, in support of the measure, Mr Milnes very warmly praising the that if, four years ago, the government of my noble friend had brought in Whigs for their government of Lrelund. this very bill, word for word, identical, it would not have been opposed by the whole party now in office ? (Repeated and protracted cheers.) Four Wednesday, April 16. years ago we were discussing a very different bill. At that time the party M The adjourned debate was opened by Mr Haorr.ron, who upposed } opposition had brought ina bill which wis simply, although under ano- the grant on “religious” grounds; he was followed in the samestram | ther name, to disfranchise the Roman Catholic electors in Treland by tens of thousands, They brought it in, representing it as essential to the good by Mr Goring, Lord Ashley, and Lord Bernard.—Mr Baront also | of Lord Ber- exovernment of Ireland and to the moral character of opposed it, but characterised such sentiments as those ' the brish people, It as he was going | Was sid it must be canied out—we must purge the House of Commons nard as“ insane.” He felt it necessary to say this, of the consoli- | the minions of Popery that infe-t it. We urged, but urged in vain, that it to vote on the same side. He objected to a grant from | would destroy the principle of representation. Then we entreated for de- dated fund, the ultimate result of which must be the endowment of | lay. Wait, said we, until another session, and do not thus precipitate such another state church in Ireland. The grant was, in fact, a sop to the

a ate, 364 THE ECONOMIST. [April 19,

priests, in the hope that their sympathies would be diverted from the gious” grounds. Sir George Grey, Messrs Rice and Trelawney, Lord people. Courtenay and Lord Leveson, all supported the measure, at the same “ He took it that the Protestant church of Ireland was at the root of the time more or less condemning the perfidy of Ministers, Messrs W evils of that country. The Irish Catholics would be infinitely more grateful Martin, Tinte, and Carew, supported the measure apparently on in. if that blot were wiped out of the statute book than if their own church dependent grounds. were established. They had everything Protestant in that country. A Sir James Granam was the only ministerial speaker. He gio. Protestant clique was dominant there ; a Protestant viceroy distributed the nalised the occasion by a formal retractation of his famous emoluments of office among Protestants, Protestant judges polluted the agian stream of justice (“ Oh, oh,” from the ministerial side)—Protestant magis- that, in reference to Ireland, “ concession had reached its utmost trates, before whom no Catholic peasant could get justice. (Loud cries of limits” :— “Oh!") They had Protestant landlords, who were not only Protestants “ The right hon. gentleman, the member for Devonshire, in common with but exterminators, and that too of the Catholic population who was found many other gentlemen who have addressed the house in the course of this on their estates. More than that, they had a Protestant so!diery, which, at debate, has referred to particular expressions used position or by me, not when in o the beck and command of a Protestant priest, had butchered the son in the a candidate for power, but since I was in office, I think in the presence of his widowed mother, (Loud cries of “ Hear, hear,” and ex- year 1842, in the discussion on the arms bil . . . rhen we came | pressions of disapprobation on the ministerial side.) All those things were to urge the arms act, it necessarily became my duty to point out the neces- so notorious that he had not brought any proof of them, and the man must sity that, simultaneously with measures of the description I have mentioned be unobservant indeed who was not perfectly convinced of their truth. The with reference both to the county and municipal franchise—without asking consequence of all this was the extreme discontent of the Irish ; and because for any extraordinary power—any acts of coercion, or any acts going beyond that house had not the courage to uproot the most disgraceful institution the accustomed law of the land—it became our painful duty, by the opera. | tion that existed in Christendom—the established church of Ireland—they of the law, to offer an uncompromising and firm resistance to efforts were now attempting to bribe off the watch-dogs of the people, and to take which we considered most dangerous, tending by physical force to the over. from O’Connell and the Repeal Association that formidable organization throw of the Queen’s government in that country. I certainly, upon that supplicd by the sympathy of the priests with the wrongs of the people. occasion, did make use of the expression that conciliation had been pushed (Hear, hear.) They were about to take from the priests their sympathies to its utmost limit. I do not think it altogether fair to fasten on a particu- with the people, and give them a little more Latin and Greek ; they meant lar expression, used in the heat of debate, especially when that expression to make them as tame as the priests of Suffolk and Dorset. It was that the was explained (I hold the explanation here, but I will not weary the house priests might be as silent as certain other priests over the wrongs of the by reading it) within a fortnight of the time it was made. I will do more people when the horizon of certain counties was brightened by incendiary I admit the expression ; I regret having used it. (Cheers from both sides of fires every night ; and that, when pressed by starving thousands, they should the house.) I will say more: I say that where the feelings and the interests not encourage the enrolment of the people into associations for resisting an op- of a nation are concerned, expressions of inadvertency on the part of a mi- pressive government, and claiming the redress to which they were entitled. nister are serious offences. 1 therefore make this reparation freely, | say He was against payment to priests under any circumstances, and in any that [am sorry for the use of them; it has given offence in Ireland: ] shape whatever. There Was nothing more dangerous to civil liberty and deeply regret it, and I can only say, conscientiously and from the bottom of injurious to religion itself.” my heart, that my actions have been better than my words. (Cheers,)” —Mr Edward Ellice, Sir William Clay, Sir John Easthope, and Mr | Referring to some parts of a speech made in a previous part of the Rutherfard supported the measure as one of justifiable and necessary debate by Mr Shaw, charging Ministers with betraying the Protestants conciliation, intimating that they would also vote for Mr Ward's | of Ireland, he said,— amendment, but (Sir J. Easthope very markedly) that they will ** Allow me to tell the right honourable gentleman that, after all, if he rather vote for the pecuniary means to come out of the consolidated | really believes that the days } of Protestant ascendancy, in the old sense, can fund than that the measure should be lost. The hon. baronet having | be maintained, let me tell him frankly and at once that those days are past concluded his speech by observing, “ that if his hon friend the mem. | (loud cheering), and that I for one will not be responsible for any attempt ber for Sheffield (Mr Ward) pressed his amendment it should have | to govern Ireland upon those principles. (Cheering contiuued),” his support, although he should prefer that no impediment were | He felt that an appeal to the reason and reflection of the English offered to the progress of a measure he saw so many reasons to sup- people never failed of ultimate success, and was satisfied that, in the port."—Mr Redington, “as a Catholic,” supported the measure.— support given to the bill during the debate, that appeal had been Lord John Manners and Mr Smythe gave the matured “ Young Eng- complete and triumphant. Though regretting the feeling which land” view of the subject, supporting the measure, but, especially had been created by the bill, the government had not brought it for- Mr SmyrneE, speaking cuttingly of Ministers. He had not forgotten, ward without deep deliberation and conviction of its necessity and he said, the Protestant zeal of of Sir R. Peel’s adolescence; but he | importance. Nor could he conceal that this measure was not of was more inclined to remember the discreet caution of his riper itself sufficient, yet without its passing they could not lay the founda- years. The contrast between Mr Peel, the young secretary for lre- tion of those other measures which were requisite for the pacifica- land,and Sir R. Peel, the Premicr, would be admired by all pos- tion and improvement of Ireland. He defended himself from the terity, for it would show how the young Octavius of proscription had charge of inconsistency, by narrating the liberal measures in which been mérged into the beneficent Agustus of maturer years. He | he and his colleagues had taken part. He reprobated the unfeeling ; showed that it was unjust to raise any malignant inference against | way in which the Roman Catholic religion was spoken of. “ I differ,” the studies pursued at Maynooth from the production of any single he said,— book of instruction used within its walls, and said that it would be “On this point altogether from the honourable member for Birmingham, quite as easy to alarm the Wesleyan and the Independent with the and 1 heard what fell from him with deep sorrow and regret, when he said system of education pursued in our universities. He denounced the that the Roman Catholic religion was an awful delusion, (Hear, hear.) I hypocrisy of those who strained at the Roman Calendar and yet am myself a sincere and uncompromising Protestant. I glory in the title, swallowed the Heathen Mythology—who denounced the theology of But still I cannot for a moment tolerate the expression of the honourable Dens, and yet flung Lempriere into all the schools | member with reference to the Roman Catholic religion. (Cheers.) That of this Protestant religion, be it remembered, is the Christian creed of the great majority of kingdom. He thought that if the sticklers for “no Popery” would take the Christian world (hear, hear); and although there are most important a review of all the enthusiasts in whom they had believed, from differences between Protestantism and Roman Catholicism, yet, in the the days of Titus Oates down to those of Lord G. Gordon, and from great fundamentals of faith, Protestants and Roman Catholics are, in the those of Lord G. Gordon down to our own times, they would not main, agreed (hear, hear) ; and therefore ] must express my firm convic- find all the superstition confined to one side. One discovery he was tion that to adopt the term made use of by the honourable member would sure that they would make from the retrospect, and that was, that be destructive of the great religious hopes we mutually entertain, (Loud they had always been betrayed by their leaders. Mr Gladstone had cheers.) The number of those who profess the Roman Catholic faith in told them that he had departed from his cherished feelings to vote Ireland is, as 1 have said, seven millions. The policy of Great Britain to- for this bill. Unfortunately wards that country has been most cruel (hear, hear) ; but it has failed to for himself, Mr Gladstone had written uproot the faith of its people. (Hear, hear.) Cromwell, a man not very a book in behalf of his cherished feelings. From these feelings he to the means he used, and who seldom failed in the means had now departed ; but they were still scrupulous as cherished by many proselytes adopted, tried hard to extirpate the Roman Catholic religion in Ireland, a he had converted, and by many fanatics whom he had fasci- but he failed; after him was introduced the system of pains, penalties, aud nated, _ After dwelling for some time upon the manifold incon- | privations, intended to effect the same object, but that system, though sistencies of Mr Gladstone, he entered into an eloquent eulogium of | rigorously carried on for ncarly two centuries, was equally unsuccessful, the simple but fervent devotion which he had himself observed | (Hear.) “The Roman Catholics at this present time form the large rae among the pupils at Maynooth. He did not know whether any ad- of the people of Ireland, and one full fourth of the entire population of the vantage would be gained by converting the pupil United Kingdom. (Hear, hear.) ‘These seven millions, who are not to of Maynooth into for their —- something more of an ecclesiastic than he was at present. He was, extirpated, rely upon it (cheers), ask for no.endowments to receive this small sum for the education of t 1e however, of opinion that it would be of advantage to improve his but they are willing education and to elevate clergy who are to be their spiritual advisers and comforters. Can = his condition ; for it might tend to conciliate | it prudent to refuse a boon so easy for - the people under such circumstances, think of Ireland to the union with Great Britain ; and he should, donors to grant, so acceptable to the recipients, who, above os therefore, give his support to the present measure.—Lord Jocelyn | considerations, will hail in it the deeply gratifying indication of a kind, & and the Chancellor of the Exchequer were the ministerial supporters friendly, and a brotherly spirit and feeling on our part towards -_ of the measure, the latter speaking at great length, and concluding | (Cheers.) With reference to the scholastic advantages presented by a with an elaborate defence of Sir R. Peel in answer to the observa- College of Maynooth, the evidence of Mr Frankland Lewis and the othe tions of Mr Macaulay. gentlemen who investigated the matter, shows that as a literary ermine] defects the establishmed Fara Accipext at Dersy.—Some time ago, by the falling in of a it is by no means to be despised, and whatever portion of the arch which was then in progress of erection covering may labour under in this respect, it is precisely the object of this Se to remedy them. (Hear, hear.) Gentlemen on this side of the house, ¢ / the Mill Fleam, in the Morledge, in this town, six individuals came by their death. fident of their faith, confident in the professors of that faith, cannot — We have again the mournful task of narrating another be afraid of raising up rivals against them in Maynooth ;, and oT eae fatal calamity which occurred on Tuesday afternoon, and which re- should imagine that the Protestant landlords of Ireland who have - as sulted in the destruction of two persons, and the injury, to a consi- Catholic tenantry, would prefer that their tenantry should be ministeren derable extent, of two others; making a fearful loss of lives of eight | by an intelligent and well educated and refined, rather than by an eT vill persons since the commencement of the work. On this occasion the and illiterate and rude priest. (Hear, hear.) . + — + : Aion contractor for the work is himself one of the victims of his careless- for myself, repeat that I anticipate the oe effects from the ado} mn of this bill; and that, on the other hand, | am convinced if the meas ness. He has been killed. be thus proposed by the ministry, with the full consent of her Majesty, Thursday, April 17, rejected, its rejection will be regarded throughout Irel and as 3 the triump The adjourned debate was opened by Mr of religious antipathy over reason, and will fill that country with pitter dis- Cumming Bruce, who, (Hear.)” along with Colonel Sibthorpe, Messrs Blackstone, Plumptre, Spooner, appointment, and with a dismay approaching to desperation. and Maclean, in the course of the night opposed the grant on “ reli- —The debate was once more adjourned. EE 1845.] THE ECONOMIST. 365 a LA EL LOLOL LL ALLL LEE MISCELLANEOUS PARLIAMENTARY BUSINESS. ing was various; but a speech of unmingled liberality and right spirit from Mr Daniel Whittle Harvey was received by a part of the audi- Carico Print Worxs.—Lord Ashley, in going into committee on the moved that it be an instruction to the committee ence with great disapprobation ; all parties, however, were against Calico Print Works bill, the grant.—The intolerant spirit was still more fiercely echoed at that they have power to extend the provisions of the bill to the regulation of the labour of young persons and women, and to all cee and to a meeting held on the evening of the same day in Covent Garden the processes incidental to the labour in print works,—The bill was ordered Theatre to oppose the grant; Mr Bevan, the banker, occupied the to be printed, and to be recommitted on Wednesday next. ie chair at that meeting, and clergymen of the Dissenting bodies and Nuticz of MoTION REGARDING MayNnootH.—Mr,Tancred has given notice of the Established Church vied with each other in the virulence that, upon the report of a resolution from the committce upon the College of their opposition to the measure. Dr Croly signalised himself a of Maynooth bill, that a provision be made for said college out of the Conso- most by attributing all the evils that had befallen this country to lidated Fund, he will move the addition of the following words :—* Until the prevalence and encouragement of Popery. A series of reso- provision shall be made for the same by any act to be — in this or any eee subsequent session of parliament, for the assessment of the lands of Ireland lutions condemnatory of the proposed grant were passed with the to an amount equivalent to the remission of tithes made to the landlords of unanimous consent of the immense assemblage. — A meeting of of Ireland by the Tithe Commutation act, or out of any surplus in the hands members of the Senate of Cambridge was also held on the same day of the Ecclesiastial Commissioners of Ireland, as parliament may deem most for the same purpose, at the British Coffee House, Cockspur street, advisable.” Mr J. R. Clarke in the chair, when a protest against the grant was agreed to and signed by those present; the chairman continuing in PARLIAMENTARY PAPERS. the meantime to receive letters from graduates in all parts of the a ae i poe 170 Union Workhouses (Ireland); Paper. country authorising him to add their names to the protest. “ The 185 Butter; Account. meeting,” says the Zimes, “was unanimous in their hostility to 195 Oxford and Cambridge Universities ; Returns. the proposed grant, or, in fact, to any endowment of Popery—and 196 Classification of Railway Bills; Fourth Report of Commissioners. the Sockien at which they arrived is sufficient to prove that Church- 198 University of London ; Returns. 148 Increase and Diminution of Salaries (Public Offices) ; Abstract of Accounts. men, no less than Dissenters, are strongly opposed to the policy of 169 Glass; Return. Ministers.—On Monday, at a numerously attended meeting of the 200 Disputed Territory ; Copy of Despatches. members and friends of the Anti-state Church Association, held at 155 Railways (South Wales Division); Map. 40 Poor Laws (Ireland) ; Indexes to Reports of Commissioners. the Tabernacle, Moorfields, the grant was well and manfully opposed 212 Slave Trade ; Return. on the ground 178 Shannon Navigation; Sixth Report of Commissioners. “‘ That the application, by law, of the resources of the state to the main- 204 Ecclesiastical Commission (Ireland) ; Report. 211 Grain and Flour (Australian Colonies) ; Copies of Communications. tenance of any form or forms of religious worship and instruction, is con- 177 Police (lreland) ; Returns. trary to reason, hostile to human liberty, and directly opposed to the word 207 Customs Duty ; Abstract of Expository Statement. of God.” Bank Direcrors.—The following is the house list of governors and COURT AND ARISTOCRACY directors of the Bank of England for the year ensuing, viz. :— FOR GOVERNORS. John Benjamin Heath, Esq , Governor. Wm. R. Robinson, Esq., Deputy-Governor. The Court has been at Buckingham Palace throughout the week. FOR DIRECTORS. On Wednesday her Majesty and Prince Albert honoured the per- Edward Henry Chapman, Esq. James Malcolmson, Esq. RA LCT ee ep scms a formers of the Philharmonic Society, during their concert at the William Cotton, Esq. James Morris, Esq. Ilanover square Rooms on that day. Abel Lewes Gower, Esq. Geo. Warde Norman, Esq. Charles Pascoe Grenfe'l, Esq. James Pattison, Esq. On Thursday the christening of the infant daughter of the Duke Jobn Oliver Hanson, Esq. Christopher Pearse, Esq. and Duchess of Buccleuch took palace yesterday morning, in the Kirkman Dan. Hodgson, Esq. Sir John Henry Pelly, Bart. Chapel Royal, Buckingham Palace, the Queen being one of the Henry Lancelot Holland, Esq. David Powell, Esq. J. Gellibrand Hubbard, Esq. Sir John Rae Reid, Bart. sponsors. The Duke and Duchess, accompanied by the infant and Thos. Newman Hunt, Esq. Thomas Charles Smith, Esq. juvenile members of their family, arrived at the Palace shortly before Chas. Frederick Huth, Esq. Wm. Thompson, Esq., Ald. twelve o’clock. Alfred Latham, Esq. T. Matthias Weguelin, Esq. and were conducted to the Chapel Royal. Her Majesty and Prince William Little, Esq. Francis Wilson, Esq. Albert, accompanied by the Duke and Duchess of Buccleuch, and MorTa.ity iN tHe Mertrororis.—Number of deaths from all attended by the Royal suite, entered the chapel soon after twelve causes registered in the week ending Saturday April 12 :— o'clock, when the Hon. and Rev. Charles Leslie Courtenay com- Epidemic, endemic, and Contagious Cis@ases...... sccccecsrescceseceveceereseces 155 menced the baptismal service. The child was named “ Victoria Diseases of uncertain seat ...ccccccccrcercccccssccevscesccsccsccccesessecsceccecceceseess = 87 Diseases of the brain, nerves, And SENSES c.cccccrccccceesestevecssesceesrsecescsees 141 Alexandrina.” The sponsors were the Queen, and also Lady Mon- Diseases of the lungs, and other organs Of respiration ....ccccecessseseceseees 318 tagu and the Rev. Lord John Thynne. Diseases of the heart and bloodvessels ....s.cccccscccccsecsscscccscscesevccescesece 39 Her Majesty and Prince Albert, afterwards in the day, honoured Diseases of the stomach, liver, and other organs Of digestion ....ccccsceeeee 67 Diseases of the kidneys, &C...... ccccoscscccecevscccevecccscrerceccsscccescccsesscccccs 8 the Duke and Duchess with their company at dinner, at Montagu Childbirth, Gissnees of the Weerens O60. coccscecccccenceccccecccsecoce ces cesses ccecesese 15 | House, Whitehall gardens. The royal suite included the Mar- Diseases of the joints, bones, and Muscles...... csceeseeceeeeeceeeeeeneeeeseeeeecee 5 | chioness of Douro, Viscount Hawarden, Lord George Lennox, Sir ee OE Ge Bn ENO ccncecceneoncsncnacatenecsinesamnecacenscenseresenstadtetdenen 1 | Frederick Stovin, Captain Francis Seymour, and Colonel Arbuth- Old age, OF natural GeCAY .ocic. ccc ces ccccccccccsccsvcsccsecce sce sec vocceecsce 54 Deaths by violence, privation, OF inteMpe>;rance .....,sceceeseeceeeeeerecereeeeee 15 | not. Her royal highnesss the Duchess of Kent and suite were Causes not specie .0c 2.000 ccc cceces ven ccocesoee cosens cos cescce vas coe ccecce cos ces cesccsece l also of the company; and in the eveving a large party were as- Deaths from all Causes cieseeceeceracceccccsererss scence ceccsversscereesessseesseee 906 sembled to meet her Majesty at Montagu House. WIGS naccaccnncsquonensene 446 | Females.....ccccccccsseee 460 Summonses were issued for the meeting of the Cabinet Council Births in the Week.—Males, 621; females, 578.—Total, 1,199. yesterday afternoon. Sir R. and Lady Peel have issued cards of invitation for a THE PROVINCES. grand dinner this day (Saturday), at their mansion in Whitehall Gardens, Tue Arrorney Generat.—It is with real regret that we re-state, West Kent Evection.—Lord Holmesdale, a nobleman of active Mt Soret aPN on authority which merits confidence, that there is no substantial im- habits, good abilities, and popular manners, was put forward by the provement in the health of Sir William Follett.—Globe. combined aristocracy of the division as a canditate most likely to unite the Conservative interest, although an avowed supporter of DEATH oF THE Marquis or DownsnireE.—We lament to record the grant to Maynooth. This circumstance was considered by a few the very sudden and unexpected death of this estimable nobleman at the first private meeting held on the subject as a decided disquali- and venerated landlord. His lordship was on Saturday engaged in fication; but their objections were very summarily overruled, and sing peel paying his annual visit to the Blessington estates, in company with the powerful body united in Lord Holmesdales’s support never for a tiny Peerentteam Soe MT | hisagent, Mr Owen. After riding to Sallygap, on bis return he moment questioned their ability to secure his return. In this self- called at the residence of Mr J. T. [eeaioumn of Keppure Park, near complacent decision, however, they little calculated upon the cha- Kilbride, where he lunched, and ‘after riding about a quarter of a racter of the opposition with which they had to deal. As no candidate, mile, he requested of Mr Owen to ride on and acquaint some of his who would oppose himself to Lord Holmesdale and the powerful body tenantry that he wished to see them, and inquire, as was his wont, how by which he was supported, could be obtained within the division, they were succeeding in their pursuits. Mr Owen had scarcely Thomas Frewen, Esq. of Brickwall, in Sussex, was induced to come left him when he happened to turn round, and found the noble Mar- quis forward ; and, from the moment of his whispered announcement, the prqerenn prostrate on the ground, the mare on which he rode walking issue was no longer doubtful. The only alternative left to Lord over him ; he hastened to his assistance, and on taking him in his arms Ilolmesdale’s committee was either to propose an accommodation or inquired if he was hurt; the only reply he received was a slight risk a defeat ; and it was finally agreed that both candidates should groan, when his lordship instantly expired. withdraw in favour of Colonel Austen, of decidedly Protestant prin- ciples. Had Lord Holmesdale gone to the poll, he certainly would not have registered one for every five of those who would have voted THE METROPOLIS. for Mr Frewen, although that gentleman was a perfect stranger to the division. ‘These arrangements were confirmed at a meeting of Porytecunic InstiruTion.—The directors of this excellent insti- Conservatives held at Maidstone on Thursday ; not without a protest, tution have engaged Mr Russell to give a series of lectures on cha- however, from some friends of Lord Holmesdale against his forced racter, illustrated by music, which are just now going on. Mr retirement. ‘The nomination is fixed for Friday next. Cs Russell is most ably accompanied by Dr Wallis, musical director of Grant to Mayxooru.—It is perfectly impossible within the limits the institution, of a weekly print to give a list of all the olsen where meetings to _ENvowment or Maynootu.—On Monday a public meeting of oppose the grant have been held, not to speak of giving any account citizens of London was held at the London Tavern, Bishopsgate street, of them. Bath, Bradford, Bristol, Birmingham, Newcastle, Leeds, in compliance with a requisition addressed to the Right Hon. the Liverpool, Manchester, and indeed all the towns in the manufactur- Lord Mayor, signed by upwards of 100 of the merchants, bankers, | and ing districts, as well as many country parts, and the courts of the traders of the city, requesting his lordship to call a meeting of Scotch church, have all expressed themselves against the grant. those who were opposed to the endowment out of the national trea- The grounds of opposition taken to the measure are wees bat a sury of the Roman Catholic College of Maynooth, for the purpose of savage hatred of “ Popery” and of “ Papists” seems to ae the pees petitioning the legislature against that measure. ‘he tone of speak- dominating feeling. eer —) —— OOO 366 THE ECONOMIST. [ April 19, OT LLL LLL LL LL TT ae Oreration or THE New Tarirr.— y a parliamentary paper of Dr Woxrr arrived at Southampton on Saturday morning in th customs duties, printed, it appears that the mean annual produce of Duke of Cornwall steamer, from Constantinople, on his return fr . duties in two years preceding the establishment of the new tariff | Bokhara. He was most enthusiastically cheered on his landing, a amounted to 22,637,494/, and in the two years following the establish- was met on the quay by his wife and son, and Captain Grover, Th doctor looked very well, considering the magne and privations, e new tariff 22,720,886/, comprising 813 articles. ment of the well as anxiety Rospery at THE Baicuron Union Banx.— A daring robbery of mind, he has endured since leaving this place, He was effected on Saturday morning, at this bank. Two ladies went has brought with him several valuable presents, consisting of a Per. into the bank for money, about a quarter to 12 o’cloek, and one of sian dress and shawls given to him by the King of Bokhara whi h, we are informed, were directed them drew 200/, and the other about 30/. Both left together; ma ; by the Lords of the Treasury to be few minutes they returned, and stated that thelr purses were not in passed by the Customs’ authorities here without duty. He had also, their pockets. It is supposed the thieves were from London ; but we understand, some of the effects of the imprisoned officers whosa they have not as yet been found. release he went to Bokhara to endeavour to obtain. - Aynoruern Murper sy Poisonine.—Lincoln. —Another of those Tue Resources or Pennsytvania.—The resources of the Ke shocking acts of poisoning which of late have been too frequent oc- Stone State are well set forth ina long and elaborate statistical] artic| currence in different parts of the country, has recently been brought in the March number of Hunt's invaluable magazine. With a onl. to light at a small village called Laceby, near Grimsby, in this county, torial domain of 47,000 square miles, it has richer native resources concerning which a woman, Jane Bell, has been committed to prison. than any other state in the Union. Its population, in 1684 only 7000, The unfortunate deceased was her husband, was a public carrier, and was in 1840 nearly two millions, Its agricultural products exhibit a a very respectable man. ‘The woman is in astate of pregnancy. No corresponding increase. It yields abundantly both anthracite aaa bituminous coal. In cause is stated to account for her diabolical conduct. 1820, only 365 tons of anthracite were sent to Murber NEAR SattsBuRY.—It appears that on Wednesday week market ; in 1830, the quantity reached 174,737 tons; in 1840, it was 865,414 ; and in 1844, 1,631,699—showing that the trade oon measte the body of a woman, in an advanced state of decomposition, was doubled within four years. The region where bituminous coal | | found in the river which runs through the hamlet of Milford, about abounds, embraces thirty yards below a bridge over which the road passes to Laverstock. 21,000 square miles, and at least 2,000,000 iene | ‘The body was speedily identified by the keeper of a small inn at are annually mined in the state. Iron is very abundant, and being Salisbury, as being that of a woman who had been with a man and in the immediate vicinity of the coal, advantages for manufacturing i three children staying for some time at his house ; the man getting are very great. The value of iron manufactured in the state annually || his living by exhibiting in the city and neighbouring villages a is estimated at 21,000,000 dollars. In 1842 there were 387 iron works “learned pig.” It is supposed he drowned her, and he is now in in the state employing 16,664 labourers. Marble, limestone, zine Cop. prison charged with the crime and waiting his trial. per, and lead, are also found in the state. Timber is very abundant and from 5,389 saw-mills 400,000 feet of lumber are annually pro- Farat Coat Par Accrpent at Sunpertanp.—On Thursday a duced. ‘The forest also yields tar, pitch, pot and pearl ashes, and occurred at Thornley Colliery, Darham. A cage, melancholy accident 2,000,000 ibs of maple sugar. ‘The water-power of the state has been containing nine men, was ascending the pit; when, instead of being estimated to be equal to that of 400 millions of men. The state has stopped as soon as it reached the bank, it was raised to the top of the 736 flour-mills, 2,554 grist-mills, 3,389 saw-mills, 166 oil-mills—giving crane, or beam, with which it came forcibly in contact, and two men employment were thrown out and precipitated down the shaft with fearful velocity, | to 8,000 men; 105 cotton factories, and 235 woollen fac- | and, of course, dashed to pieces. ‘The other seven persons, by cling- tories, employing 3,000 persons, and has about 32,000,000 dels. invested | ing to the cage, were providentially saved from the impending danger. in manufactures. ‘The total annual products of the state are esti- mated, according to the returns, at 200,026,593 dols. The state debt Tue Suapwick Murpers.—Sarah Freeman, the perpetrator of the | is 36,331,000 dols; and the total value of her property has been esti- hideous murders at Shapwick, will be executed on the 23d. After mated at 2,100,000,000 dols. Nothing but the must deeply rooted love her trial, on being removed from the dock, the prisoner broke out of dishonesty, for its own sake, can ever lead such a state to repudiate into furious invectives against the witnesses, the jury, and the judge, | her debts. deprecating, in coarse terms, the sentence prenounced upon her, Since her trial, under the solemn counsel and due admonition of the rene am Sm on em ee a a mR A NS NRE chaplain of the gaol, she has better adapted her conduct to the fate PUBLIC AMUSEMENTS. which inevitably awaits her. Priycess’s Tueatre.—A translation of Auber’s opera, Le Due i - D’Olonne, has been brought out at this theatre with a success com- mensurate with its merits. ‘Lhe original version was produced three SCOTLAND. years since at Paris, and ranked but as a medium opera in that city. ee - oe The story has been considered as possessing materials for dramatic Tue Queen's Next Vistr ro Scorrann.—Official intimation has effect, and has run its length at the Adelphi a season or two since as been lately received that her Majesty and Prince Albert do not in- | a melo-drama. ‘Lhe translation used at the Princess's is very closely tend to visit Blair this ensuing season. The royal visit to Ireland, followed, and the story runs thus:—The Due Olonne (Leffler) is a and engagements with various members of the English nobility, will | Spanish noble, who is exceedingly fond of all he sees in female attire; | entirely absorb all the leisure which the Queen can command this through some political intrigue, he is hastily compelled to fly his season ; but we understand the same intimation also conveyed the country, in which case the party opposed to him would confiscate the gratifying intelligence, that her Majesty and Prince Albert both look whole of his property. ‘lo avoid this, it becomes necessary to take forward with much pleasure to being enabled to pass some portion of a wife ; but the difficulty here is, that a match has been broken off the autumn of the following year at Blair Castle.— Perthshire Courier. on the very day the drama begins, owing to the profligate habits of REPRESENTATION oF GreeNock.—There is likely to be a contest the Duke, whose intended father-in-law had discovered to be one of for this borough, Mr A. Dunlop having declared himself a candidate the most abandoned and dissolute of the court. The perplexity, in Opposition to Mr Bain. The chief difference between them, as however, soon vanishes by the Duke showing Iris favours to a young | regards politics, is that Mr Dunlop is adverse to the Maynooth grant, girl, Bianca de Molina (Miss Condell), /? who is placed at the chateau, | whereas Mr Bain is favourable to it. They are both free traders, and employed in making wreathes for the bride that was to be. | This young lady’s father had forfeited his life through opposition to | the authorities, and it is in the power of the Duke to save him. | FOREIGN AND COLONIAL. This is promised on the condition of Bianca becoming his bride. The , sneecho wnisiiats wedding takes place (the lady having been all along veiled). As the Unirep Srares.—By the Cambria steamer, which arrived at ceremony finishes, the officers of justice enter and arrest the fugitive, | Liverpool on Sunday morning, we have received New York papers and so closes the first act. The second act opens with the exterior to the 3ist ult. It appears that the project for the annexation of part of a convent, in which we have an assemblage of frightened Texas is likely to encounter some difficulty, on account of the repug- nuns, the din and bustle of a battle in the immediate locality being nance of the Texians to the terms contained in the bill passed by the cause. We here find that the Duke has eluded his pursuers, and congress. ‘Those terms are denounced as equally unfair and degrad- joined his own comrades again, not without, however, having had his ing to Texas; ccemmaneenaipe pny and, if we may judge from the tone of the Galveston castle ransacked, and his bride having been compelled, in disguise, papers, the question is as far from adjustment as it was 12 months to fly for safety. The habit assumed is that of a monk, for which she ago. passes with all, save a young chevalier (Allen), who discovers in the Weare glad to find that the financial speech of Sir Robert Peel, and the alterations which he proposed in the tariff (several of monk his own chere ami. Bianca here in disguise 18 enabled to wateh which have an important bearing upon the products of the the habits of the Duke her husband, and is so utterly disgusted with United = States) had given very general satisfaction ; and that the general the coarse levity displayed, that she determines to conceal her mercantile business of the country had been sensibly improved b guise. This is aided by her previous lover the chevalier. Int them. There is no change in the prospects of the cotton third act we find Philip the fifth seated on the throne, and the duke crop ; but Bianea || the news from England had caused a decided improvement in prices and chevalier severally holding places about the palace. Brazit.— Phe following items of intelligence are contained in the the meantime has become maid of honour to the queen. ‘The duke letter of our private correspondent, dated Rio de Janerio, Feb. 14:— professes to be violently in love with her (not knowing that and longs to be divorced from the veiled lady ~ “ Rosas has declared an effective blockade against Monte Video, England she is his wife), united before his arrest, stating the pope's America, and Brazil, acquiesced, but France refused, so the port S still whom he had been open. It is rumoured here that Brazil will shortly take an active part in consent had been obtained, if he could but get his lady's signet | favour of the Montevidians. to the document he holds in his hand. ‘This, of course, 18 adroitty | | “February 1ith.—We have this morning dates to the 19th from Rio managed by the maid of honour; and our readers may easily ey i Grande, Baron Caixas had appointed the 25th January for the rebels in the mortification and chagrin experienced by the Duke when he i } Sanaa Verde to lay down their arms, and, consequently, next arrival will he has given up all claim to her he had so prided himself none || i be important. ing, more especially as his rival the chevalier carries her off co “ River PLatE,—It is rumoured that Paz is in the field with 7000 men, i| endeavouring to make a diversion at Eutre Rios, where his advanced guard phant. Mugnos, Mr Walton, and Maraquita, Miss Grant, aid in sds i was, and Garzon had retreated to Bujada, which he was fortifying. Rosis development of the plot. The interest excited as the story — ; is actively engaged in preparing troops to keep Paz in check. He has never flags, independently of which we have music of a very supers | issued a decree by which the children of foreigners, born in the Argentine class indeed. ‘The first duet, between Mr Leffler and Miss os enpr emetet ! | Confederacy, are considered natives, and compelled to bear arms. Urquiza, silenced for the evening the partial hissing which had begun | Ignacio, Oribe. and Gomez, tried to foree Fructor to action, but he would itself, not that we think the applause so early and carneny 1 not, and is sheltered upon the boundaries of Rio Grande.” manifest er bestowed on the performance was judicions or merited. In t een Se ESE ences Steps steresinsineseenseneeseseigesomeeneeesmnesesestssineepesa eatin rnssesenneeststssshesnes SES SS ——— Ss tssssesnsssesteesnsnsienseseessseensie THE ECONOMIST. 367

sung by Mr Allen, was deservedly encored, “ The principle on which I guide my public conduct, is to act in the way d act a ballad, which I myself. deem to be the best adapted for the true interests of the 4 promises to become alan ; but the chef d’ouvre of the evening and not lose in country—(hear, re my chance as to the favour or disfavour which was a serenade which, for beauty of effect, might vie I may receive at the hands of the public :— celebrated in Don Pasqual. The scene the comparison with that so “ Not live by like alone, is a drawing-room with baleony, in which the maid of honour and her But what thou liv’st live well— attendant are waiting. The lover and the Duke, unknown to each The rest commit to Heaven.” other, agree to serenade his mistress, and the quartett is begun by (Hear, hear.) That is the principle on which I guide my political, as my Allen on one side the stage and Leffler on the other (unseen by the private life. (Hear, hear.) or my own part I would much rather retire audience), which is taken up by the royal bard at the back, while Miss into private life, and leave altogether the business of this house to others in Condell, in front, sings a spirited air, producing an effect scarcel whom the public may more confide, than to injure the country by voting describable. The combination of vocal and instrumental sounds w against a measure which I feel to be for its welfare. (Hear, hear, hear.) theatre, heard to so much advantage; an encore, My full belief is that this bill, as proposed by the government, is likely to never, in this be received gratefully in Ireland. (Geer, hear.)” though the piece was of some length, was the natural result. We must not omit to particularise a choice morceaus—a gem in its way— He thought, however, that much more must be done, and done soon, “Summer”—sung with arch playfulness by Miss Grant. Miss Condell, for Ireland : throughout the performance, sung with much brilliancy, though at “ I distinctly avow this opinion, and I distinctly state that, after the pre- sent measure has passed, I shall attempt, either as supporting some other times her voice became quite harsh. Her roulades were given member, or by a proposition of my own, to obtain for the people of Ireland with surpassing excellence as far as scientific principles can be that justice in this respect which has been so long and so cruelly denied | called into action, but wanting in sweetness and tone, Mr Allen them. (Cheers.)” ; played the Chevalier with propriety, and sang the music very sweetly. He enlarged on the necessity of unanimity among the people of this Mr Leffler lacked nothing in the part of the Duke, and Mr Walton country in case of war. Sir R. Inglis having explained his reasons | (who always plays and sings respectably) did all that was required of for opposing the bill, Sir R. Peel rose in a crowded house, and amidst | him. It would be an injustice to omit to mention that the dresses, and in much excitement, though with an absence of all enthusiasm, decorations, §c. were in perfect keeping with the other arrangements particularly on his own side, enforced very ably the arguments for the of the opera, and we doubt not but that the piece will amply repay measure. He said, in substance, that they could not govern Lreland the manager for the pains evidently taken to produce so light and except bya policy of conciliation ; adimitted that other measures of a graceful an opera as Le Due D’ulonne. similar sort must follow, though he was not prepared to say what, and — ——— wished the present measure to be discussed on its own merits alone ; Correspondence and Answers, he was agitated, he said, by too deep and various feelings to care for defending his own consistency :— THE MAYNOOTH GRANT. “ With me every feeling as to the imputation of inconsistency, every feel- ei atypatrNasa nck OPFe caging nes casa bas —— Sir,—I like to believe that the Zconomist is an unprejudiced and ing with regard to the suspicions upon the sincerity of the government, impartial paper on religious subjects; and, as you have written al- every other feeliug is subordinate to one, my desire for the success of this ready two articles on the Maynooth grant, I have been more and measure, I donot regret the course I have taken. I know not what the consequences may be in respect to the kindly intentions between Ireland more convinced of your impartiality. Youare right to be so; for the and this country, It has the produced in minds of a generous people a kindly Economist is the paper of all political economists and persons engaged and a grateful feeling. As 1 said before, punish us, visit us with censure, in such matters—they may be Pagans, Jews, Mahomedans, Chris- let the two parties combine against us on the ground that the policy we are tians, Catholic, Greek, or Protestant, or any religion or sect. i adopting ought to be earried cut by its original promoters; take what other “pee As for the Maynooth grant, I intended to give my opinion on it. course you please; but Jet not your indignation fall on the measure—let it I thought at first of some religious paper ; but though Iam a Catholic be confined to those who proposed it (loud cheers).” [ am impartial here, and have consequently preferred an impartial In conclusion the Premier said that the Repeal agitation must be paper like your most valuable and highly esteemed paper. put down, and darkly hinted at his own approaching downfal and the Favour shown to any religion is bad, because it makes it dependent danger of a foreign war thus :— on the state; but has the Maynooth grant any view of favouring re- * But I say again, I do not defend the measure on the ground of compact ; ligion ? Let us try to explain that question. Do you believe Ire- I defend it because I believe it to be a wise and a just measure,and far bet- land to be a portion of the British empire? Yes. Then the Irish ter than the continuance of the present system. I say you are responsible are a portion of the citizens of the British empire ? Good. Are the for the peace of Ireland. I say, without hesitation, you must break up that formidable confederacy which exists in that country against the British go- Catholics the greatest part of those citizens? They are. Are the vernment and the British connection. (Loud cheers.) Ido not believe Catholic priests a part of those citizens ? They are. Does the reli- you can break it up by force. (itenewed cheering.) You can do much, gious and moral education of the greatest part of the Irish depend on consistently with the principles you avow, as to the maintenance of the that of their priests? Yes. Therefore, it seems to me natural that union and the Protestant ehurch. You can do much to break it up by act- | the benefit of the Maynooth grant is bestowed, not on a religion, but ing in a spirit of kindness, forbearance, and generosity. (Cheers.) And I on a large portion of the citizens of the British empire. believe it is essential you should break it up, in order that you may carry Now, L ask all those who have the least pretence to good sense— on the work of good government in [reland— (cheers)—and in that you may what do they think of that set of men and women going about the strengthen the connection between the two countries, and maintain, unim- streets and gathering names for a petition against the Maynooth paired, the power and dignity of the United Kingdom. (Cheers.) . . . grant, beeause “the bigotted Papists are cruel, and in religious er- On the day after 1 gave notice of this measure, and introduced it to the consideration of the house, our attention was called to a matter of great ror.” This I saw with my own eyes—these words I heard with my importance, and the noble lord (the member for the city of London) did own ears, in a liberal and civilized country! I ask, also, all sensible feel it to be his duty partially to raise the veil which conceals the distant men—what do they think of the Monday evening meeting at Covent future. (Hear, hear.) On the far horizon of the west there was a cloud Garden for the same purpose ? But I will join the majority to cheer (hear, hear)—a cloud small, but threatening future derkness, (Hear, hear.) Sir Robert Peel’s liberalism and impartiality, which will gain to him It beeame my duty on the part of government on that occasion, temperately, | the esteem and admiration of all enlightened and liberal minded but distinctly to state, that while we were most anxious for on adjustment people. I am,sir, your most obedient servant, PHILALETHES, of the impending differences, while we would leave nothing undone to effect an amicable settlement—yet | did feel it to be part of my duty—of the duty of the first minister of the Crown—to state that, if our rights were JaAMAICA.—The important question to which this correspondent alludes has not escaped our attention ; but»we must inform him that the usefulness and effect with which invaded, we were determined and prepared to maintain them. (Loud particular subjects can be brought before the public, depends a great deal on eon- cheers.) l own that when I was called upon to make that declaration, I sulting the time when the question excites publie interest. We have been expecting, did recollect with satisfaction and consolation that the day before I had for some time, the government proposal lo Parliament on the subject of a loan for the sent a message of peace to Ireland. (Loud cheers.) . ‘ ‘ = purpose of importing Hill Coolies from India, and Negroes from Africa, in accord ance with Lord Stanley's dispatches to the colonies ; and we are on/y waiting for the —Now! may God avert so great an evil as war! May God forbid that whole subject to be brought before the public to enter fully intothe discussion of the this time of general peace should be so awfally distur'ed! (Hear, hear.) question alintded lo, when the public mind will be more attracted to il. At this mo- But if it isto be so, I doubt much, considering what is now before me, ment it would aitract no attention, and be less useful than at the proper lime, which whether the vindication of our honour and our interests will not be con- ened cannot now be long delayed. fided to other hands. (Hear, hear.) But to whomsoever they be com- W C.—Letters on railway speculation received, and will be used on an early occasion. J. H Cambridge.—We have three treaties with Texas; one of commerce and naviga- mitted, I shall take may place beside them, encouraging them by every lion, signed the bith Nov. 1840; one in relation to the public debt, signed 14th Nov. support which I can give in a just and honourable cause. (Loud cheers.) © 1840; and one for the suppression of the slave trade, signed l\ith Nov. 1840. —Ile concluded by expressing an earnest prayer and confident hope that the people of this united empire would come out of any just Ww ™ struggle in which they may be engaged in glorious triumph. (Great POSTSCRIPT. cheering. ) SATURDAY MORNING, Apri 19, 1845, The motion for the second reading was carried by a majority of 323 Tue Apjourned Depate on the grant of Maynooth was last to 176; difference, 147. Mr Ward’s amendment is to be discussed on nigtt resumed and concluded in the Commons. Mr Sharman Monday. | Crawford opposed it, going tor “the voluntary principle.” In this In the House of Lords the Marquis of Normanby’s bill for extend- view he was afterwards followed by Mr Muntz and Mr Duncombe. ing the electoral franchise to all who pay the income tax, was read a Lord Claude Hamilton, Mr Neville, and Colonel Trench supported first time without opposition. it as a ministerial measure. Messrs Bellew, Sheil, and Cobden, supported it for various reasons which they mentioned, the latter Liverpoot, Fripay Evewine, Aprre 18, 1845. remarking that he thought it was nota theological question they Corron.—The market opened on Saturday with a good demand, both from the trade and speculators, and prices of common American advanced $d per Ib. Since that day | Were to discuss, but one to determine whether the spiritual in. \ructors sss SSS ene SSS of seven millions speculatian has in a great measure ceased, and although there has been a fair inquiry of people should be themselves well or ill edu- for export, and the trade have bought regularly, the advance has not been maintained, ated; and he for one was not prepared to negative such a pro- and the quotations of last week are now barely supported. In all other deseriptions “Tigger Lord John Russell, in a speech of great length, restated there is no change to notice. 8 reasons for supporting the measure; directing himself to the Taken forconsumption | Wholeimport | Computed stock April 18th. arguments of “the voluntary” party, he said, it was well known from Ist Jan. to 18th April from ist Jan. to 18th April ae Rc tatiindeatee that a majority of the house and country was against voluntary- 1845 1944s 1845 1844 1945 1844 ism, and he contended that it was unjust to make the Roman 468,560 bags | 339,990 bgs, 556,487 bes | 370,509 bgs | 820,360 bags | 683,420 bags Catholics of _Iretand pay for the support of other religions and TeA.—The market remains quiet, with a moderate business doing. p obtain no aid for the support of their own. He forbore from re- SvuGaR.—There has been an extensive business in all descriptions, and the market The sales of foreign are also | ' proaching ministers for what had been called their perfidy, and closes rather higher, particularly for the lower qualities. general and thus stated what feelings actuated himself extensive. ——< teere a :— Correr.—The transactions are exclusively confined to foreign descriptions. > i i

ee ae re = THE ECONOMIST. | April 19, EPITOME OF NEWS. in an age and clime which we account barbarous ; they are teari out its bowels without compunction, and, fiend-like, cast its spirit ¢ the winds. But, in another and important point of view, this is q me : Tue country has all of a sudden reached a point of excitement which sure of spoliation, for which it is no sort of justification to say th has not been equalled, probably, since the passing of the Reform bill. other acts of spoliation have been perpetrated, and continue’ to he If Sir Robert Peel could have foreseen that his proposal to treble the borne. Let what is wrong, it is said, be righted ; do not let it be the small annual grant to the College of Maynooth, which has been con- apology for farther injustice. m tinued, if not without a protest against it, certainly without any se- It is impossible to sa what is to be the immediate effect of thi rious opposition, for more than fifty years, was to raise such a storm, discussion and agitation ; probably the measure will be carried hen there can be no doubt but that his courage would have failed him in that is any thing but certain ; the public feeling of England b bringing it forward, as there can be no doubt that it does now fail whatever motives influenced, is unequivocally against it,—as witnes him, after having brought it forward, and left himself no method of what has occurred in West Kent and Greenock ; if it is nog carried escaping from the dilemma but facing and defeating it, or attempting Peel retires at once ; no one expects that he will “dissolve a arlia. to do so, and gaining a defeat, which must terminate his ministry, for ment that he has deceived, or appeal to a people who mistrust himself. The history even of politics, full as it is of surprises, hardly him ;” and whether it be carried or not, there can be litte doubt supplies such another evidence as this of the truth of the ancient say- that the excitement which the nation has reached will not be materi ing, that “a small spark may cause a great fire.” At first sight the ally abated till there be a new parliament and other ministers of the opposition to this measure of Ministers has an ungracious look ; it Crown. If the Whigs had been as good free-traders, as they haye looks as if the national conscience could bear a small sum to be given shown themselves to be good moral and political philosophers in lj away, from year to year, to this Catholic college, but took an infini- their bearing towards Ireland, they might be in Downing street ; tude of alarm, when it was proposed to make the sum (not large, ab- three months, ,if not in three days. solutely, but) a little larger—as if a question of right and wrong could be measured in money, or settled by the rule of three! But to do Tue Duxe or WeLLINnGToN.—A story about the Duke of Wel. the public feeling in this matter justice, it must be borne in mind lington having become suddenly unwell in the House of Lords on that this additional endowment of the College of Maynocth, and the Thursday night, having —— in the Morning Post yesterday, the proposal to make it a permanent, instead of what it has heretofore evening papers of yesterday contained the following characteristic been, an annual grant, is given out as the first part of a new system note :— of Irish policy, to be farther developed by a creation of endowments . “London, April 18, 1845, for the priesthood at large. Now, a large portion of the reason of “F. M. the Duke of Wellington presents his compliments to the editor England protests against this: it is thought that there is a priesthood of the Morning Post. His attention has just now been drawn to two para- already in Ireland, well paid and doing nothing, or, if anything, for graphs in the Morning Post of this morning respecting himself, which considering the following circumstances, the Duke must consider as neither the most part, mischief; and the effect of the proposed additional more nor less than wilfully false. It is true that the Duke of Wellington endowment, to say nothing of the almost at all hands admitted in- dnring the debate, got up from his place, and gave the assistance of his arm justice of making the taxes on the industry of England pay for it, is to a noble lord standing on the floor of the house, who it is well known has anticipated to be an alienation of the present popular priesthood from the misfortune to be blind, and conducted him towards the door of the the people who support them, and a leaning to that government which, house, when he placed him under the care of another person, The Duke it is thought, has hitherto tyrannised over them. As for the church then returned to his place, in which he remained till the house adjourned, already established by law in the Green Isle, she has many friends, and even took part in the discussion of the business transacted, A person if not there, nor out of doors here, at least in the legislature, where called at the Duke’s house last night at eleven o’clock, not twelve, to in- frieudship is available for protection. ‘There can be no doubt that quire how the Duke was. The answer was, ‘perfectly well,’ and not that ‘he was convalescent.” He has stated these facts as the foundation for his a section of the opposition to the ministerial measure would be request that the editor of the Morning Post will be pleased to give a posi- silenced if it was proposed to take the pecuniary means that will be tive contradiction to the paragraphs above referred to; and that the editor necessary to carry it out from the disproportionately and disgracefully will be pleased to give directions that when his name is inserted in his great revenues of the Episcopalian Establishment instead of from the paper for the future, care should be taken that it is not made the matter of Consolidated Fund. But that implies adhesion to an “ appropriation a falsehood. The Duke makes this request, in order, first, to relieve the | clause,” with which many disagreeable memories are associated in anxiety of many, and next, to save himself some trouble. | the minds of those now in power. The time has not yet come for it, *“ To the editor of the Morning Post.” and perhaps it may never come. The right and judgment of granting public money to support and propagate isolated religious opinions, are more likely to be questioned and settled in the negative, before THE COMMERCIAL TIMES. any alteration, or at least any worth naming, will be made in the pre ent establishments in all parts of the United Kingdom. It so happens, however, in the meantime, that the most galling opposition WEEKLY CORN RETURNS, From the Gazette of last night. to the Premier’s scheme comes from a section of the members and SS ~ friends of those establishments—heretofore the friends and followers | Wheat | Barley | Oats | Rye | Beans | Peas of his policy. ‘Country gentlemen” do not any longer conceal that Sold—quarters ...... | 99,629} 42,183 | 53,304 | 92 | 7,276 | (875 they have other grudges; and they seem more and more determined Weekly average price | 46s 3d | 328 5d | 20s 9d | 30s 6d } 35s 5d 3s 6¢ to take opportunity of showing their dislike. In short, Sir Robert Six weeks’ average .. 45s 8d} 32s 4d 2ls 4d } 30s 4d 34s 10d _ 858 7d Peel rode into power by a protession of principles, ecclesiastical and Imported and cleared for consumption in the week. civil, as Mr Macaulay has just told him, with which he had no sympathy, and which as a minister he cannot prac- ~ | Wheat] Barley tise. He is, therefore, near his fall; and few sympathise Wheat cleared Barley cleared — — — imported for imported for on wheat et. | on - barl'y with him. The 7imes, with a generosity characteristic of Printing- consump consump | __ se house square, is giving him a good hearty kick down the hill, day after quarters. | quarters. | quarters | quarters. £ £ day. Sir Robert has been a useful man in his day; whether he has POI ccscussancrsenion — 2,498 747 799 2,497 - been so from accident or design perhaps the time has not yet arrived CC ossmieieinn — 989 _ - tacts for accurately determining ; but certainly he has not made for him- Th ssonunan) = 2 Bee © 747 | 759 | 2,744 | _ self friends to gather round him at the time of his fall and cover his =z Note.—ZJmported—Oats 1,245 lgrs ; Beans 2,277 qrs. Duty paid—Oats 1,749 grsi retreat. The rats are leaving the house—a sure sign that it is falling. Duty of the week 3,5154. A week's discussion, unended while we write, has exhibited a con- trariety of feeling among the members of the House of Commons in FLAX AND LINEN MARKETS. reference to this subject which almost bids defiance to classification ; Fee Fe ae 3ELrAsT.—Flax still keeps steady at the advanced rates of the and the voting, when it comes, will be equally novel—Mr Bright month of March. Handscutched is becoming scarce, and, as the de- going into the same lobby with “insane” Lord Bernard and Sir mand for this kind is more keen than for coarse milled, the advance Robert Inglis to defeat the measure ; and Mr Macaulay voting for on the former kind is greater than on the latter. After the field la- the proposal of a Minister in whose condemnation he has made use of bour be principally over, next month we may expect a better suppl | all the language that his various and commanding genius can supply. of flax to our farmers’ markets; the Riga quotations of the 29 Indeed the support which the Ministry is getting is decidedly more March state S. P. T. R. flax at 43/ per ton, and P. T. R. 4l/. damaging to them as a Ministry, and to their character as men, than Fax, Hand-scutched ....s0.000000 perewt £1 16 6 to£f2 0 0 the opposition, exasperating, bitter, and, in too many instances, bigot- DOE thine © 6 eS ws oS Se ted as it is. Nor is this damaging support coming alone from PEO GEENA cscisrceecsnrensmmicnnne 2 8 9 2 2 0 Whigs. Mr Gladstone, in foreshadowing the complete endowment Chet DAA DEE ciccsicucmncn 2 BO wn BS OR of the Caibolic priesthood, at an early period of the debate, threw a lion SRE AS BOD covets: 8 € 8 a 2 2 [A ee ee Fine and very fine ...... ++. 3 20 3.10 0 in the way of Ministers, which neither his subsequent explanation nor DBR sor cro evecsccensvecavccvece 26... & © 8 the partial disclaimer of the Chancellor of the Exchequer has had OS LLL AATEC Te, anne, ae much cffect in removing. Bie, 2:9: R, St Minicom ee 86 a 08 There is much bigotry in the opposition to this measure; but there Linen yarns in good demand at former prices. isalso much reason. As it stands it no doubt is a measure of con- LinEN YARN, (flax) NO. 40 c.csscsseees perbundle £0 5 3 ..£0 9 0 No. 45 se pana a Se SS meng seeeneeses ciliation ; and it would be amusing, if it were not melancholy, to see a BEM & F323 eR 2 3 man like Sir James Graham, who took so conspicuous a part in that TES cctittemcismmnnumnm © § 9 0 6 6 disastrous policy of the Tory opposition from 1834 to 1841 which really 90 CEE: eae o 7 0 lived, moved, and had its being in fanning and feeding the flames of DD ctiineknimimnniennmnmns & @ os 0 10 9 es Be TMNT Dcicnectenieesaubebeeiaeiies 0 § 0 0 5 6 ‘eligious bigotry, bad feeling, and intolerance towards the Catholic T cGhiettiiiiiitmimdonk © £e aw ee epulation of [reland—to see him recommending it as a measure of con- OP Gcdbcccientiaiomieciae oe ee iliation and kindness to them; still, those who oppose it as such— Peers acta cc ee dsnl Nee RS A ES hose who oppose it because it speaks in the language of kindness to Mancurester.—This market has been very flat. Manufacturers a people who number nearly a third of our population, and whose re- being generally engaged with 40 in. cloth, the prices of this descrip- | ligion is the prevailing one in Christendom—are indeed awful bigots ; tion are rather better in proportion than those obtained for 27 i | shey are fit to crucify, indeed they are crucifying, from day to day, printers, which are fully 14d per piece cheaper since last week,— jhat religion whose author was also crucified, but only once, and Yarns are rather lower. Pers ee eR oman

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THE ECONOMIST. 369 ee 1845.] EE SEs United States will have to be “ tarred,” in consequence of the quality LIVERPOOL MARKETS—Wednesday. not being good enough to enable the importers to pay the 20s duty ; (From the Liverpool Price Current.) therefore a large proportion must be cleared for grease, after being A moderate business only has been transacted this week in the subject to the revolting process of destruction, by being mixed with produce market ; supplies of almost every description are large, the “ tar,” when this quantity, at a duty of 10s per cwt, would have been trade buy cautiously, and prices are barely supported. Later advices consumed for the purpose originally imported—namely, butter. having been received from the United States, pont, | large receipts The effect of the improvement in the trade of the manufacturing of cotton at the principal shipping ports, this article has lost the ad- districts is shown, as regards importation and consumption, by com- vance obtained in consequence of the debate upon the Oregon ques- ring the stock on hand the past two years. ‘The stock of butter in tion. The arrivals of guano from Ichaboe ee large, and the ndon on the 7th April 1844, was 23,480 firkins; at the same period demand very limited, the market is dull, and prices declining. The in 1845, it was 5,620 firkins, so that from this time to May and June accounts from the United States being favourable for metals, Scotch (termed by the trade the end of the season), the price of butter will pig iron has partially recovered the decline of last week ; the demand be 20 to 30 per cent above the usual price at that period of the year ; from both dealers and speculators has been active since Monday. and, with the present state of the meadow land in this country, com- Barx.—Of oak the sales are 65 tons heavy, at 5/ 10s per ton,—Quercitron bined with the limited stock of butter on hand, were it not for the is without change. BrimsToNE.—There is no change in prices; for 100 tons of Sicilian 5/ to foreign importation, butter would be worth 2s 6d to 3s per Ib between 5] 2s 6d per ton has been paid, this time and the end of May, which would act as a prohibition to its Drewoops.—The following parcels have been disposed of this week ;— being used by the middling and poorer classes of society. ; $20 tons of Campeachy logwood, at 7/ to 7/ 7s 6d; 130 tons of St Domingo, The union workhouses are almost all supplied with low priced fo- at 517s 6d to 5/ 12s 6d; 180 tons sapan wood, at 14/ 10s to 16/ 5s, according reign cheese, being from 10s to 14s per cwt under the lowest price of to quality ; and 20 tons of Rokella camwood, at 19/ per ton. home made. Gvano has been quite neglected; to force sales a considerable reduction The following is an Abstract of the Return to an Order of the House of Commons, would have to be submitted to. Yesterday, two cargoes of good quality, moved by Mr Ewart, of the quantity of Butter destroyed in the United Kingdom, by from Ichaboe, were offered by auction, the best bid being 677s 6d; both the admixture of Tar, the past four years :— were withdrawn. cewts. grs. lbs. Hzmr.—Baltic descriptions have been much inquired for, and prices have 1841. wane C405 1 FT advanced; some sales of St Petersburgh, clean, are reported at 29/ to 1842,. oe 8,873 0 25 1843.. 5,641 0 17 291 10s per ton. As the stock isnow much reduced, higher prices are anti- 1844 ceccccccccce secccccescese 2,305 1 18 cipated. ipa —The market is very flat, a few N. American salted are reported Total ...ccccosrscorscesere 19,781 0 26 at 33d, Buenos Ayres cows at 4d per Ib. And, calculating the average as above for the period of ten years, Inp1Go,—About 30 chests of Kurpah are reported at 2s 1ld to 3s 4d the loss to the revenue will amount to 45,000/, being the difference r lb. of duty as paid on ¢arred butter to pass as grease, instead of the origi- a Om Caxz.—Several parcels of American have been offered by public auction; the best bids were from 5/ 10s to 6/7 per ton in bulk, which nal article butter. W. W. an _— accepted. By ‘private some small lots are reported at 6/ 10s to 112s 6d. WEEKLY SUMMARY. MeralLs.—The ironmasters met at Birmingham on Thursday, and the FRIDAY EVENING. following prices, agreed upon at the preliminary meeting, were confirmed— 12/ for bars or rods, 13/ for hoops, and 14/ for sheets, plates, and rails, at Tue Unitep States. — The accounts from the United States the works. These rates are in proportion to the price fixed for Shropshire breathe more peacefully and less boastfully. The state of trade, pigs, viz., 6710s. A further advance was anticipated, but was wisely over- however, in the interior, is by no means in an encouraging posi- ruled, which renders the prosperity of the trade much more stable, although tion. ‘The extreme low prices of produce, and what is more, its causing at present some disappointment. The payments for Scotch pig iron, unsaleableness, precludes the bulk of the people from purchasing due by speculators, being heavy at present and for some days past, a good deal of this description of iron has been pressed upon the market. Ina and consuming goods as usual; the storekeepers are unable to pay few days the prompts will be over, and the market may be expected to im- their debts, and extensive failures are anticipated. The prices of prove. The price in Glasgow is quite firm at 5/ 103 to 67 per ton. The goods of all kinds have fallen very much. accounts by the Cambria are very favourable. Iron having rapidly advanced In New York, however, the business in dry goods is very brisk, in the states, and good orders have been received by the leading houses here. owing to the disappointment of large arrivals in the last ships. The stocks were light, and consumption extensive. MyraBoLaMs.—The demand continues good ; on the 12th instant about A correspondent writes thus :— 600 bags realised 8s to 8s 3d at public sale. * New York, 17th March 1845, eee SaLtTpetreE.—The demand has been only’,to a moderate extent, at full “The dry goods business is very brisk indeed, although the profits on rates. The value of nitrate of soda has advanced considerably ; all has been goods that are scarce are light. Had it not been for the unfortunate loss of bought up by one broker. Some few lots realised 16s 9d per ewt. A cargo the England, United States, Dorchester, and Coromando, the market would being shortly expected, the market is rather easier. have been over-stocked, and the losses on the spring’s iiaportation heavy. TaLLow.—The market is quite inactive. On the,]3th, a parcel of North The James Calder is still absent, and all hopes of her given up by many — was put up at auction ;_37s 6d was bid for fair quality, withdrawn people. The insurance offices have suffered severely this season, but they ‘or 38s 6d. all stand well.” paren ane prices of tar are—Virginia and Carolina 15s per brl. ; Swedish The most curious and interesting speculation now is, what will os to lbs, be the effect of the last packets news, carrying out the speeches of Tosbacco.—The demand has improved considerably, the sales for the week Lord John Russell and Sir Robert Peel on the Oregon question. amount to 700 hhds, consisting almost entirely of western strips ; 300 were taken for Ireland, the remainder by the trade. The market is very firm, The passengers who arrived by the last packet express their utter but prices are unaltered. astonishment atthem. The impression prevailed in America that Turmeric,—At public sale 224 bags were offered, without finding buyers, we were quieted and settled for ever, and Oregon was looked upon Prices are rather lower, 10s 6d to 11s per ewt being now current for Bengal. as part of the United States just as much as Louisiana or Ten- 300 bags of low rooty Java sold at 4s 9d per ewt. TURPENTINE maintains the late advance; 1000 bris., middling quality, nesse. A great excitement may be expected. The great danger is realised 7s 6d per ewt. that Mr Polk may call an extra Congress, and that men may lash Woop.—Prices continue without alteration. The latest sales from the and talk themselves into a fury, which neither their own interests quay have been, of one cargo of St John’s pine, 19} inch average, at 20d per nor their judgments can govern, foot, with birch at same price, and spruce planks at ae per foot of 2 inches, Two parcels of birch timber, by auction, at 13d to 21d per foot, and spruce The accounts from Sypney are to the 6th of January. The planks in like manner, at 2 5-l6d to 23d per foot of 2 inches, signs of improvement were more evident. The wool market was active, but prices were a little lower, varying from 1s 24d to 1s 44d the lb, and skin 11d to 1s 14d. Freights 14d the lb. BUTTER AND CHEESE TRADE. (From Keeling and Hunt's April Circular.) ENSUING SALES IN LONDON. The duties on butter and cheese as now levied are unjust in their Tuesday, 22nd April. 25 tons sapan wood operation ; on the lowest descriptions of cheese the duty is 100 per 150 bhds Barbadoes sugar 110 tons red sanders wood cent, whilst on the finer descriptions it only varies from 20 to 25 per 200 bags Mauritius sugar 125 chests mother.o’-p.-shells 4700 bags Bengal sugar 83 bundles do. cent; and on the lowest description of butter the duty is 50 per cent, 120 bags Madras sugar ednesday, 23rd April. on the finer kinds 20 per cent, the effect of which is a prohibition in a 8700 bags Manilla sugar 300 barrels Trinidad cocoa nt degree to the importation of inferior sorts, whereas, at a 10s 1300 bags Manilla coffee 126 bags Honduras cochineal uty, the quantity pow destroyed by far for grease purposes would 300 bags Java coffee Thursday, 24th, be used 37 tierces Maraicabo coffee 100 chests shellac as butter, as the trade is usually without this common des- 18550 packages tea Friday, 25th. cription during the winter months ; 50,000 firkins might be consumed 1000 bags Bengal rice 120 puncheons W. I. molasses at steady remunerating prices, from 6d to 8d per Ib, without interfer- 95 barrels African ginger 4100 bags black pepper ing with the prices of middling and finer kinds, as but a small quan- 237 bags African do Monday, May 5th. tity of the 31 bags cochineal 4149 bales Ceylon cinnamon lower sort is made in England and Ireland. 66 bags China turmeric 160 chests ditto ditto _ The consumption of butter and cheese in this country under all the 300 baskets terra japonica Thursday, 8th. disadvantages of fluctuating prices and high duties, is equal to the 1200 bags Bengal saltpetre 1500 bales Surat cotton. Whole produce of the United Kingdom, two-thirds of the make in 45 tons logwood Holland, and one half in other places in Europe. Dutch butter in | the London market averages throughout the year 10d to 13d per Ib, INDIGO SALES. | Irish and English sells from 9d to 11d only. The quarterly sales commenced on Tuesday last, the 15th instant. lhe result of high prices leads to the use of unwholesome substi- The total quantity declared amounted to 5,405 chests of all sorts, two- tutes, such as common animal fat, rancid lard and other grease, boiled thirds of which consisting of low descriptions, not suitable for export. potatoes, and boiled peas, coloured to represent butter—these ingredi- Up to the close of this day the total quantity disposed of is @ ut ents are extensively used in common pastry for the poor in the low 4,264 chests, of which 3,399 chests have actually been sold, 248 chests heighbourhoods in and about London; and to show the extent of withdrawn previous to being put up, and about 617 chests have been this trade, some individuals engaged in it make 20,000 to 30,000 pies bought in by the proprietors. . - week. Yet, in the face of this, we hear from Liverpool, no later ‘This is a sale without animation, the orders from the a than the 3rd instant, that part of the butter now in stock from the Europe being very moderate, probably in consequence of the unusually 2 Ne em aannanaaenannnInDnIaaEUnanEEponatEma ee Tai | 370 THE ECONOMIST. eee [April 19,

and the approaching public sales of dard greens. The fine qualities of all descriptions rule much as bef. small quantity of export sorts, on Thursday, 86 casks and 40 barrels Wa. about 4,000 chaste, at about 250 Ibs each, of Java indigo in Holland, Corrrer.—At the public sale to be held next week. ei ; India coffee realised steady prices, but privately the market is dul] - } 800 demand at the bags good ordinary Ceylon, at auction, were disposed of, from 44s to de 6 Good and desirable export qualities are in some with superior from 45s 6d to 46s, being 6d to ls cheaper. Of 2,100 bace present sales, and fetch, on an average, the January rates. Lots plantation kind, a considerable quantity was of inferior quality, and ‘cho, perfect in colour, paste, and shape, are bought even at 2d | which are in; for the portion which was sold the previous currency was obtained fro ; to 3d per Ib higher prices than January, mostly for the Russia mar- 56s 6d for fine ordinary to 80s for middlingcolory. 600 bales Mocha found kets ; Put where the qualities are less perfect, the price varies from buyers for a part only, at steady prices, from 60s to 63s for good cley and +) January rates to 1d to 2d per Ib below. Of Kurpah, Madras, garbled: in other kinds of East India there are no transactions, The de . mand for export is limited, excepting for colory descriptions other low sorts, there is such an abundance in this sale that steady ’ and for superior Rio from 42s to 45s has been obtained, with small parcels of oad and firm prices cannot be expected, and the fluctuations are from The new goods of last ordinary from 30s to 20s 6d. Foreign coffeee sells slowly by private treat January prices to 2d to 3d per Ib below. but in prices little variation has taken place, There was no public sale ~ thousand chests in this sale, year’s crop, of which there are about a day, and the transactions in the private market are insignificant: | & contain almost the only good marks, but some of them are impure ordinary to good ordinary Ceylons are worth 43s 6d to 44s 6d per ews.” ow in paste, heavy and doubtful in colour ; most of them, however, are Rum.—The transactions in rum have been limited to 100 puncheons | taken for export. Demerara, 35 to 39 per cent O, pf, from 2s 10d to 2s 11d, and 50 Locum Islands at 1s 9d per proof gallon, the latter being Id lower, ; | Latest City Accounts. Rick.—The market has been abundantly supplied with Bengal, the larg quantity of 12,282 bags has been put up to public sale, about half of whieh | Cocutweat.—No transactions of any moment have taken place this found buyers at previous rates. Cleaned rice sells toa fair extent at 4s ts week. 18s for Patna and 25s to 28s for Carolina. There was a good demand fi ; Lac Dye.—82 chests at public sale partly sold at 5éd to 8d for Bengal to-day, and stiffer rates were given; 850 bags sold at full prio 2 ordinary to good ordinary native marks. good middling white from lis 9d to 12s, middling from 11s to lls 6d, ™ } at 13s 6d Fruir.—A public sale on Wednesday last of 87 butts, 26 carroteels, Terra Japonica brings full rates, and 1004 baskets sold and to 14s. 254 bags Pegue Cutch 23s 6d to 24s 6d, 66 bags Patna taken 70 barrels currants, of somewhat inferior but sound quality, were all refused; in at 12s per ewt. also 250 boxes and 200 half boxes Cape raisins, since sold at about 30s, Sitx.—No business of importance has been effected this week in Considerable orders in town from the continent for currants and raisins, but | at limits too low to be optaincd. The demand for all kinds improving, | the Italian market, though there has been rather more demand. Provisions.— Buiter —There is very little alteration in the ; Prices still show a downward tendency. state of the Irish butter market. The stock is very small, and moves off slowly, owing Cotton.—She demand has been moderate, and the market dull, to the large supply of foreign, whic his equal to about 18.000 firkins, A but prices remain nnchanged. large proportion of this supply has found its way to Liverpool and Mauchcs- SaLes of Corron Woot, from Friday, April 11, to Thursday, April 17, inclusive. ter. That market, for Irish, is in the same bare state with this. Fine | American ....0. 150 covese 4id to Od = fair : Friesland sells at $6s to 98s freely. Bacon—The arrivals and stock of this | Basrat.....0-000. 1BOO sores 23d to 3d very middling to mid. fair article continue very large. Considering the scarcity of vegetables the de- Pernambuco 50 seco. S¥d to Od fair mand is in proportion. The holders are looking for improved prices for the Total...... 1,500 bales in bond better descriptions. There is also more doing on board for forward ship- Tue Encursu Woot trade but dull, and the anticipated improve- ments. Bales and Tierce mids are without alteration. Lard.—There is more doing in this article, both for bladdered and keg. There is little fine coli se Tei nt ae ment has not yet made its appearance ; prices nominally the same, but with a tendency in favour of the buyers. ‘The stock of wool on American left, Cheese.— The arrivals of Dutch cheese continues large, The PORT LIE, demand is in proportion, enabling the merchants to make high prices, 42s a hand is but small, but apparently quite equal to the demand. ra eo to 44s for flat, and 42s to 44s for new Edams. Canters are fetching 25s to ES wre me Foreign Woor.—The market is firm, and looks well for the next 26s. The finer sorts of American are nearly all sold. Hams remain much es, ware colonial sales, which will probably take place early in next month. the same as last week. Breefand Pork.—The finer descriptions are dearer, vr - Fiax not altered since last week. Real fine beef is selling at 72s 6d to 75s per tierce. Real fine pork, Auveri- Hemp gradually going on to the highest quotations, which have can, 62s to 65s per barrel in bond. been in a few instances realised ; the stock very moderate. Comparative Statement of Slocks and Weekly Deliveries. Leatuer ano Hipes.—The business transacted at Leadenhall BuTTer. Bacon. | yesterday was again very small in proportion to the supply ; the only Stock Delivery Stock Delivery 1844...... 21,940 1,710 11,540 20x80 articles in request were very strong English butts, best calf skins 40lbs 1845.00.00 3,560 2,610 19,290 4,100 per dozen and under. Petersburg kips, and English horse hides. We Arrivals for the Past Week. cannot quote any decided alteration in prices. ES PAG cn cnt crtcnvntioberbeteibeitnanis ssébebtenees 990 firking Tue Merat Market continues much the same as last week—and Foreign dO ....c.csse0e. eee veccees 14050 casks our only remark may be confined to iron—which, as regards specula- SE TIN » ud issn tecbovchinsthontiounresseuniuanannebe 4180 bales tors’ parcels, at Liverpool, may be had at easier rates. Sactrretre.—2000 bags Bengal saltpetre chiefly soid at a further FOREIGN MARKETS, decline of 3d to 6d, from 24s to 24s 6d for 10} per cent, at 25s 6d for Havre, April 14.—Cotton.—The demand was very brisk in the beginning 5 per cent, and from 26s to 27s for 4} per cent refraction. of the week, but slackened towards the end, and prices have searcely been Seeps.—The trade for English caraway seed has been brisk this keptup ; sales however amount to 11,600 bavs, of which part to speculators, week, but foreign parcels are neglected. Fine samples of canary | Arrivals 3,000 bags, stock 76,000 bags against 12,000 bagsin 1844, and 142,500 seed have commanded an advance of 2s per quarter. The demand bags in 1843. The total stock in the French ports on the Ist inst. emounted for grass seed is getiing slack, sowing having gone on rapidly the | to 107,500 bags, against 128,700 bags in 1844, and 164.800 bags in 1843, | last two or three weeks.—Red clover seecs aie 6s to 8s per cwt Coffe —The market remains extremely quiet in expectation of the result of cheaper, and white 8s to 10s. Seeds of all descriptions continue with- the Dutch sales ; the sales here amount to about 2,000 bags of all sorts, and low St Domingo is rather cheaper. S gar.—Since the beginning of the week | Out any material variation. prices have again given way. and very little has been done, The West India | Ow.—38tuns Sea Elephant at public sale to-day brought 29/ for steamer reports less favourably of the crops of our islands. Import of eolo- | best, and 27/ 15s for second quality ; 136 casks Palm Oil part sold vial sugar into all the ports of France up to Ist inst. 21,800 tons, against at 2359d to 27s for low to good quality. 15.900 tons in 1844; there is an inercase both from the West and East | ‘Tartow is again cheaper to-day, and 160 casks of first sort P. Indies. Rice.—Some sales of Carolina for export. Jndigo.—The last Cal Y. €. at auction in part sold at 36s 6d to 37s 6d. 18 caske Soap entta accounts have had no effect upon our market 5 buyers are waiting tor | 34s 3d, 10 casks Odessa 37s 6d, 26 casks North American 37s 9d; the new arrivals. Ashes dull and Jower again, Qi! »gam adv mncing, sinee 473 casks South American 34s 3d to 37s, 361 casks New South it appears established that the seed crops have suffered. Wialebone de- ' Wales 35s 64 to 38s 6d for good and clin'ng. fine, and 33s 9d to 35s 3d | AMSTERDAM, April 15,—Cofve.—The Company’s sales here and at Rot- for low and middling, 44 pkgs Cape 38s 6d to 40s 9d, and 58 casks terdam have gone off without much spirit ; of 392.000 bags about 220,000 | East India 39s to 40s 64d. bags have been sold, the lower descriptions at about the valuations, the green at full prices; about 180,000 bags remain unsold, and are not SuGan.—There was an increased demand to-day for West India musco- now obtainable unless at an advanee. Sugar.—In the raw market there | vado, and a fair business was done, establishing an advance of Is to 2s per has not been much doing; most of our private importers having withdrawn | | ewt on all descriptions since thisday week. The sales to-day are estimated from the market, Is to Is 6d per ewt advance upon the last public sales of at 350, making 2,820 hhds and tres for the week. 150 hhds Barbadoes are Java would be paid ; the Company’s sales, declared for the 8th of May, | declared for Tuesday next. Mauritivs.—Grocers and refiners purchased to 62,000 bags of Java refined ; large sales have been readily have been increased to-day ; the biddings for all qualities suitable for the pan aud scale made at an advance equal to about 4s 6d ewt, at which our refiners are not purposes were brisk, and the large quantity of 10.94] bags 240 casks at disposed to sell any more. Jndigo firm, but quiet on account of the x publie sale all sold at prices generally ave raging ls 6d to 2s above those of proaching sales. Cotton very dull, In Rapeseed and Linseed considerable | the last sale ; fine yellow in casks 53« to 56s, in bags 53s to 53s 6d, middling purchases have been made at firm, and, in some instances, at improving and good middling 46s to 49s, low 42s to 45, low soft 40s 6d to 41s 6d, low prices, | heavy to middling grey 39s 6d to 45s, syrups low to good 38s 6d to 48s. HamBureGu, April 14.—From the great number of vesscls tl at are arrived | washed yellow 39s 6d to 51s 6d, brown good and fine 38% to 41s, low beavy the unloading proceeds i | and middling 33s te only slowly, and busivess remains likewise te 36s perewt. 3,000 bags Muni/la (with certificate) circumscribed than what it else would be ; however, there are eS | | have been sold at 23s perewt in bond. A cargo of 950 hhds Porto Rico turning animation. Cofe.—The sales of the week amount, besides a | | has been sold afloat, for delivery here, at 21s, buyer to pay landing charges. cargoes of St Domingo, to 10,000 bags, mostly Laguayra and Rio, at _ | \ Rerinep SuGar.—The home market has advaveed about Ls per ewt in full prices for the coloury, and without change for other qualities, a wi | low goods; the better sorts are quite neglected ; confidenee seems more Four cargoes of Bahia and one of Porto Rico have been sold res'ored than for some time past. In at an a | the bonded market some parcels have further 1,500 boxes of brown and yellow Havana and 800 boxes of am 1] changed hands in English erushed, for which 36s per ewt has been paid, for which higher prices likewise have been paid. J/ides.— About etl || | andin Dutch also for No. 2 at 32s per ewt. The refiners are sold out for Buenos Ayres and Laguayra have met with ready buyers. Rice—but 8 “i | two months to come. [The 12,000 tons English, mentioned as sold last doing. Tobaceo—4,000 bales and serons of South American have been 80% | week, ought to have been 1200 tons, ] Logwood— 600 tons sold low. 7 I made | Tea.—The market has somewhat revived, and a better feeling prevails ; Antwerp, April 15.—Cofze.—Some sales of St Domingo have "t Rio and | good business las been done, and many parcels have been taken from the at prices upon a par with last week's, besides only trifling parcels of ™ been quantities catalogued for the advertised sales to take place on Tuesday next, Batavia have been placed, Sugar —1,500 boxes of low yellow mt ¢ sale the 22nd inst. These sales comprehend a large assortment of teas of the new taken for export at an advance, and 1,700 boxes of damaged at m eat arrivals, and many of them will prove acceptably popular. Prices for low were taken by our refiners a similar improvement ; there is & eat ales of blacks remain exceedingly depressed , but sound common cong us have im- for refined Cotton.— The newly arrived parcels, being about 2,490 98) proved a little, being scaree at 9d per ib, A few twankays, coarse Canton Ameriean have mostly been sold, importers having met the market.— | kind, have been sold at Is 2d, but Is 3d remains the average for fair stan- firm, but less doing. "The Sced and Corn markets are quiet «gain. nea Es 1845.] THE ECONOMIST. 371

Banister, Derby, linendraper—May]6, Morris, Cong lane, Bermondsey, leather The GKasette. dresser—May 8, Pringle, Morpeth, Northumberland, carrier—Blake, Sunderland, hardwareman—Caton, Preston, ironmonger—Heron, Manchester and Wigan, cotton spinner. Forr1on Orrice, April 15.—The Queen has been graciously pleased to appoint Sir James Turing, Bart. British Vice-Consul at Rotterdam, to be her Majesty s Consul at SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS. | Notterdam.—Also Francis Waring, Esq. British Vice-Consul at Alicante, to be her D. M‘Corkindale, Glasgow, merchant, April 22, May 15 at 1 o'clock, at the Black Majesty’s Consul at Norfolk in the United States. Bull Inn, Glasgow. Rev. D. Wilson, Stranraer, Wigton, cattle dealer, April 22, May 13 at 2 oclock, at Tuesday, April 1b. the George Hotel, Stranraer. A, Steel, Stirling, merchant, April 22, May 13 at 2 o’clock, at Gibb’s Hotel, Stirling. | PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. W. Holm, Kilbareban, Renfrewshire, farmer, April 24, May 15 at 12 o'clock, at the | Wouldhave and Sanden, Leeds, tailors—Matthews and Strickland, Seymour street, Saracen’s Head Ion, Paisley. | Portman square, surgeons—Stevens and Co., Stowmarket, Suffolk, brewers; as far as J. Holm, Kilbarchan, Renfrewshire, farmer, April 25, May 22 at 12 o'clock, at the regards T. and W. Prentice—Robius, Son, and Carpenter, Tavistock, Devonshire, Saracen’s Head Inn, Paisley. attornies at law—Baron, Bridge, Maden, and Co., Throstle mill, near Bacup, and Oak J. Macdonald, Kingerloch, Argyllshire, sheep dealer, April 23, May 20, at 1 o'clock, and || mill, near Rawtenstall, Laneashire, cotton spinners—Shenton, St Steven's street, at the Inn, Kilmallie. | Bills, Strangeways—Gower and Co., High street, Newington butts, drapers— Ratnett W. Jamieson, Dundee, merchant, April 21, May 10 at 2 o'clock, at the British Hotel, and Greenwood, and Beales, Cambridge tailors—Turner, Cross street, Hatton Garden, Dundee. || Vineyard gardens, Clerkenwell, placard exhibitors—Holmes and Moore, Manchester, a | joiners—Birmingham Metal and Colour Company, Birmingham; as far as regards 8. Barker—Little and Heavle, Devonport and East Love, attormes—W and E M. Freer, Gazette of Last Night. | | attorneys—Ainsworth, Lees, and Co., or Ainsworth and Nutter, Oldham, Lancashire, Forrien Orrice, April 17.—The Queen has been pleased to approve of Mr Robt: || coal proprietors—T., T. E,and J. E. Phillips, Uttoxeter, woolstaplers— Fergusson Armstrong, as Consul at Liverpool for the United States of America. || and Pooley, St Martin's lane, Westminster, woollendrapers— Brown #nd Son, Cardiff, Downine Street, April 19.—The Queen has been pleased to appoint John C. | || shipbrokers—Herbert and’ Robinson, St George’s terrace, Bayswater road, licensed Millward, Esq, to be Assistant Civil Architect for the Island of Mauritius. | | victuallers—Stiebel, Brothers, and Co., Jamaica, merchants; as far as regards 8S. Schloss—Parkinson, Brown, and Co., Kingston-epon-Hull, shipbuilders—Ryland and || Modhurst, Tudor place, Tottenham court road, musiesmit!hs—Fleming and Drane, Friday, April 18. James place, Hoxton Old town, school proprietors—T. and W. P. Sherley, Bedford, PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. - | || grocers—E. and E. Manley, Burnley, Lancashire, grocer-—Gibson and Muirs, Glas- || gow and Cheapside, silk-manufacturers, and Merton, Surrey, silk-printers —Hinshaw, Wilkins, Curling, and Raynard, jun. Blue Anchor road, Bermondsey, tanners— Wil - kins and Raynard, jun. Blue Anchor road, Bermondsey, tanners— Knight and Ed- 1] and Co., Glasgow, and Kerr and Co., Nassau, New Providence, merchants—Peter and i| Co., Dundee, merchants; as far as regards J. Peter, sen. wards of Cefn Mawr, Denbighshire, stone masons—W. T. and C. Gunner, Bishop’s Waltham, Hampshire, bankers (so far as regards Thomas Gunner)—J. Richardson, | DECLARATIONS OF DIVIDENDS. Benjamin Townsley, P. R. and W. Richardson, Kelfield, Yorkshire, brickmakers— Maund, Birmingham, laceman—first dividend of 2s 6d in the pound, on Saturday Joseph Richardson and Benjamin Townley, of Keltield, Yorkshire, orickmakers— || April 19 or any subsequent Saturday, at_the office of Mr Edwards, Frederick’s place, Kucastie, Jackson, and Atkinson, Penrith, dealer in British wines—Watson and Fa- I] Old Je wry. bian, Mark lane, manufacturing chemists—J. and M. Westwood and Hudson, pen Tempest, Leeds, grocer—first and final dividend of 5s in the pound, on Tuesday manufacturers—J and L. Hansard, Great Turnstile, Titchbourne court, Whetstone || April 15 or any sub equent Tuesday, at the office of Mr Fearne, Leeds. park, East and West Parker street, and Cross lane, printers— Brown and Harsant, St j Parker, Rotherham, Yorkshire, seed erusher—final dividend of 69d in the pound, Saviour’s, Southwark, cane dealers—Tulloch and Johnson, Poole, Dorsetshire, and of |] and dividend of 88 54d in the pound upon new proofs, on Tuesday April 15 or any sub South Andley street, Grosvenor square, London, auctioneers—Leonard and Moran, | sequent Tuesday, at the office of Mr Fearne Regent street, hosiers—Nichols and Davie, Manchester calico manufacturers—D. B. Wathen, Woodchester, Giocestershire, clot!icr—first and final dividend of 94d in the and J. W. Smith, Alton, Staffurdshire, and Liverpool, paper manufacturers—W. and C. pound, on Wednesday April 16 or any subsequent Wednesday, at the office of Mr Hirst, Fulstone, Yorksliire, clothiers—J. and L, Leigh, Bollington, Cheshire, cotton i Kynaston, Bristol spinners—Millor, Mitchell, Brown, and Cel'ey, Manchester. dealers in calico manufac - | Ke rraley and Watt, Runeorn, Cheshire, hone merchants—dividend of Sjdin the tured goods (so far as regards B. Colley) —Wilsen and Brodie, Berwick-upon-T weed, | pound; dividend of 2s 53d in the pound, on the separate estate of 1. Watt; and divi- linen drapers—Collins and Weller, Ebony and High Halden, Kent, farmers—Vibert deud of 6s Sd in the pound, on the separate estate of T. Kearsley, on Tuesday April 29 and Bayly, London street, Mark lane, City, ship brokers. or any subsequent Tuesday, at the office of Mr Fraser, Manchester. } Carter and Cornforth, Liverpool, merchants—third dividend or 83d in the pound, BANKRUPTS. on Monday April 14 or any subsequent Monday, at the office of Mr Bird, Liverpool. Witttam B. Sterry, of Jamaica row, Bermoudsey wall, sail maker, April 29 at twelve, and May 30 at one, at the Court of Bankruptey, London. Mr William Whit- | Cork and Corle, New Bord street, coachbutlders—tirst dividend of 6s in the pound, on Wednesday April 16 and two subsequent Wednesdays, at the «ftice of Mr more, official assignee, 2 Basinghall street; and Mr Charles Brown, solicitor, Wal- | Turquand, Old Jewry. brook Postan, Aldersgate street, appraiser—final dividend of 3s 24d in the pound on Wed- Tuomas P. Rees, of Crooked lane chambers, King William street, city, iron mer- nesday April 16 and two subsequent Wednesd-ys, at the office of Mr Turquand. chant, April 29 at half-past eleven. and May 30 at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy, Stringer, Houndsditeh, wholesale clothier—tinal dividend of 64d in the pound, London. Mr T M. Alsager, official assignee, 12 Birchin lane; and Messrs Lawrence on Widnesday April 16 and two subsequent Wednesdays, at the office of Mr and Plews, solicitors, 32 Buckersbury Turquaid. WiLL1aAmM UnDERWOop, late of 213 High street, Borough, grocer, April 25 at half- Perkins and Woolley, Stamford, drapers—first dividerd of 6s 2d in the pound, past twelve,and May 30 at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptey, London. Mr Thomas || on Wednesday April 16 and two subsequent Wendesdays, at the office Mr Turquand. Massa Alsager, official assignee, 12 Birehin lane; and Mr Turner, solicitor, Mount j Billingsley, jun , Harwich, merchan!—first dividend of 4s 3d in the pound, on Wed- place, Whitechapel. nesduy April 16 and two subsequent Wednesdays, at the office of Mr Turquand. Jos Bant, of 3 Ho len street, Wardour street, Soho, saddle tree maker, April 25 at Nutter, Cambridge, miller—second dividend of 1d in the pound, on Wednesday April two, and May 30 at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy, London. Mr Belcher, official 16 and two subsequent Wednesdays, at the office of Mr Turquand. assignee; and Messrs A'Beckett and Co., solicitors, Golden square. G. F. and L. D. Smith, Gutter lane, crape manufacturers—first dividend of 2s 6d in Tuomas H. Coyze, late of Liverpool, ana of Argyle street, wine merchant, May 2 at the poun ‘, on the separate estate of G. PF. Smith; and first dividend of 3s in the pound, eleven, and June 6 at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy, London. Mr John Follett, on the separate estate of L. D. Smith, on Wednesday April 16 and two subsequent official assignee ; and Mr W. H. Cross, solicitor, Surrey » treet, Strand. Wednesdays, at the office of Mr Turquand. Joun Pickr RING, of 6 Cormbury place, Old Kent road, dealer, April 29 at balf-past Watson and Byers, Skinner street, woollen wareliousemen—first dividend of 28 in one, and May 28 at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy, London. Mr W. Bell, official the pound, on Wednesday April 16 and two subsequent Wednesdays, at the office of assignee, 3 Coleman street buildings; and Messrs Desborough and Young, solicitors, Mr Turquand. 6 Size lane. Kelson, Canterbury, buil ler—first dividend of 6d in the pound, on Wednesday April Cuarves M. Firtn, of 8 St Michael's alley, Cornhill, city, and of 14 Chryssell road, 16 and two subsequent Wedne days, at the office of Mr Turquand. North Brixton, lithographic printer, April 29 and May 28 at twe, at the Court of Bank- Vardy, Portsmouth, linendraper—firsi dividend of 23 in tne pound, on Wednesday, ruptey, London’ Mr Johnson, official assignee, 20 Basinghall street; and Mr John April 16 and two subsequent Wednesdays, at the office of Mr Turquand, Browne, s licitor, Bedford row. Hexry P. Cook. of Coggleshall, Essex, licensed victualler, April 25 at two, and BANKRUPTS. June 3 at eleven, at the Court of Bankrupicy, London. Mr Edward Edwands, official Kenrick F. A. Hampson, Walnut tree walk, Lambeth. gas fitter, to surrende assignee, 7 Frederick's place, Old Jewry ; and Messrs M‘Leod and Stenning, solicitoss, April 25 at half-past 11 o’e ock, May 20 at 12, at the Bankrupts Court: solicitor, Mr London street, Fenchurch street. Smith, Wilmington square : official assignee, Mr Penneil. Joun W. Spraeve, Poole, Dorsetshire, grocer, April 25 and May 29 at half-past | WILLIAM Jones, Stamford street, commission agent, April 25 at 11 o'clock, May 27 twelve, at the Court of Bankruptey, London. Mr Turquand, official assignee, 13 Old | at 12, at the Bankrupts’ Court: solicitor, Mr Crouch, Southampton buildings ; official Jewry chambers; Mr Wilkins, solicitor, Furnival’s inn. j as ienee, Mr Belcher Josepu Lona, Tavistock, Devonshire, linen draper, \pril 29 at one, and May 22 at Witriam HWopcKinson, Weston street, Pentonville, slater, April 24 at half-past 11 eleven, at the Court of Bankruptey, Exeter. Mr Hirtzel, official assignee, Exeter; Mr i} o'clock, May 27 at 1, at the Bankrupts’ Court: solicitor, Mr Nash, Goswell road ; Turner, solicitor, Exeter; and Mr Spyer, solicitor, Broad street buildings, London. || official assignee, Mr Belcher. Tuomas Jones, Liverpool, coal dealer, April 25 and May 20 at twelve, at the Court j Josepu and James Jarvis, Great Bush lane, Cannon street, wine merchants, April of Bankruptcy, Liverpool. Mr Bird, official assignee, Liverpool; Parker and Co. soli- 24, June Gat 11 o’el ck, at the Bankrupts’ Court: solicitor, Mr Gale, Basinghall street ; citors, Bedford row, London; Mr Great ey, solicitor, Liverp. ol. official assignee, Mr Green, Aldermanbury. Gronoe F. 8, IsHexwoop, Hulme, Lancashire, engraver, May 1 and 22 at eleven, j Jos BrapsHaw, St Alban’s, craper, April 25 at 1 o'clock, May 29 at 2, at the at the Court of Bankruptey. Manchester. Mr Port, official assignee, Manchester ; Bankrupts Court: solicitor, Mr Walker, Furnival’s inn; official assignee, Mr.Groom, Makinson and Sanders, solicitors, 3 Elm court, Temple, London ; Mr Barlow, solicitor, Abecburch lane. Manchester. Joun M, Leaner, Oxford street, coach maker, April 25, May 29 at 11 o'clock, at Joun WitiiaMs, Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, carpenter, May | at one, and May || the Bankrupts’ Court: soli itors, Bailey and Shaw, Berners street, Oxford street; SU at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy, Bristol. Mr Hutton, official assignee, }| offici«l ass gnee, Mr Graham, Coleman street. Bristol. | Joun Woo.vamMs, Charies street, Manchester square, builder, April 25, May 29 at 12 Jo-epH Hitt, Stroud, Gloucestershire, hatter, May 1 and June 3 at twelve, at the |; o'cl ck, at the Bankrupts’ Court: soheiter, Mr Kernot, Weibeck street; official Court of Bankruptey, Bristol. Mr Miller, official assignee, Bristol ; Mr Kearsey, soli- | assignee, Mr Turquand, Old Jewry Chambers. eitor, Stroud. Preston Barker, Shelton, Staffordshire, publican, April 26 at 1 o'clock, May 27 WiLttamM Parsons, Bristol, brewer, May 1 and June 3 at eleven, at the Court of 1] at 12, at the Birmingham Drstrict Court of Bankruptey: solicitors, Mr ¢ hallinor, Bankruptcy, Bristol. Mr Acraman, official assignee, Bristol; Mr Leman, solicitor, || Hanley; and Motteram and Knowles Birmingham; official assignee, Mr Valpy, Bir- Bristol, || mingham. DIVIDENDS DECLARED. Jous Jones, Pinchbeck, Lincolnshire, butcher, April 28 at 12 o'clock, May 27 at | half-past 10, at the Birmingham District Court of Bankruptcy: solicitors, Bonner and Mathews, Goswe street, stamper in Post office, first dividend of 2s in the pound, pay- } Son, Spalding; and Motteram and Knowles, Birmingham; official assignee, Mr able at 13 Old Jewry, April 23, and two following Wednesdays. | Christie, Birmingham Camp, St Helen’s, Berkshire, first dividend of 1s 3d in the pound, payable at 13, Old Jewry, April 23, and two following Wednesdays. a Wa Liam Bb. Partinson, Liverpool, currier, April 25, May 23 at 12 o'clock, at the Liverpool District Court of Bankruptcy solicitors, Vincent Oliver and York, Stoney Stratford, Buckinghamshire, bankers, third dividend of Is 3d and Co., Temple; and Mr in the pound, payable at 2 Basinghall street, any Wednesday, at the the offices of Mr | J nes, Liverpool ; official assignee, Mr Morgan, Liverpool. | Tomas 8. Dopp. Liverpool, innkeeper, April 28, May 26 at 11 o’clock, at the Parrott, Stoney Stratford, on the 18th inst. Moss, Guilford place, Kennington, Surrey, clerk in the Post-office, first dividend of Is Liverpool District Court of Bankruptcy : solicitors, Bridger and Blake, London wall ; A pe and Mr Dodge, Liverpool ; officia) assignee, Mr Cazenove, Liverpoot. 10d in the pound, payable at 13 Old Jewry, April 23 and two following Wednesdays. : Wintiam W. Spence, Neweastie-upon-Tyne, woollendraper, April 23, May 28 at 2 Hayward, Benford place, Commercial road, Mile end Town, bonnet shape maker, first | & clock, at the Neweastle-upon-Tyne Distriet Court of Bankruptcy: solicitors dividend of 6s in the pound, payable at 13 Old Jewry, April 23 and two following Wed- Bd 9% A’ Beckett, Son, and Simpson, Golden square : official assignee, Mr Wakley, Newcastle- nesdays. upon- Tyne. Schram, Westbourne green, Paddington, schoolmistress, first dividend of 5d im the pound, payable at 13 Old Jewry, on April 23, and two following Wednesdays. 13 Old Joserpu J. Ayton, South Shields, linendraper, April 29 at 12 o’clock, June 3 at 2; at the Neweastle-upon Tyne District Court of Bankruptcy : solicitors, Mr Hodgson, Shapcott, Southampton, vicar, first dividend of 1s 4¢ in the pound, payable at anand Street builcings; and Mr Wilson, South Shields; official assignee, Mr Baker, Jewry, April 23, and two following Wednesdays. | €weastle-upon-Tyne, Tristam, Basford, Nottinghamshire, beerhouse keeper, = = idend of 2s im the | Wittiam W. Bewy, Liverpool], merchant, April 25, May 20 at 12 o'clock, at the pound, payable at 14 Bishopgate street, Leeds, April 21, and any day aise. yable nt og District Court of Bankruptcy: solicitors, Gregory, Faulkner, and Co., Bed- Jackson, Leeds, engineer, first and final dividend of 1s 114d in the pound, pe row ; and Mr Frodsham, Liv rpool , official assignee. Mr Turner, Liverpool. April 21, and any day after. ‘de Od in the ; IANNAH OVEREND, Birstal, Yor+shire cardmaker, April 28, May 19 at tl o’cloek, Roberts, jun. late of Farsley, Yorkshire, morean - ey ee of 944 | &t the Leeds | pound, payable at 14 Bishopgate street, Leeds, April 21, anc livid of 104 in District Court of Bankruptcy : solicitors, Wiglesworth and Co., Gray's inn; j; 4nd Mr Cronhelm, Leeds; official assignee, Mr Fearne, Leeds. Blazdell, Upper Charlotte street, Fitzroy equate Bese maker, first a the pound, payable at 18 Aldermanbury, any Saturday. bet f ls 3d DIVIDENDS, | May 7, Speyer, Thomas, Mark lane, and Strood, Kent, corn merehant, fret and desl dividend of le 6 Seat To High Holborn, tailor—Colt, Long Melford, Suffolk, grocer—May 8, in the pound, payable at 18 Aldermanbury, any Saturday. THE ECONOMIST. [April 19, miata LL TLE LL LE A eee. ; | 1842 | 1843 STATEMENT COFFEE CINNAMON Of comparative Imports, Exports,and Home Consumption Imported :— of the following articles, from January lst to April British Plantation Timported ..ocoeseeees| 1845, 1844, and 1545, 12th, in, each of the years 1842, Ceylon ..... soneas ————— _—_——! showing the stock on hand on the 12th of April in BP not otherwise| Exported ...cscssvess! h described ...... OO “OR THE PORT OF LONDON. Duty Paid...... ++. Of those articles duty free, the deliveries for expor- Total BP ....0000 tation are included under the head Home Consumption. 4.157 | 2405 | 3,555 East and West Indian Produce, &c. Mocha oecceverereeene Foreign East India) wry Imported .rcoceceees. SUGAR ; 1842; 1843) 1844 1845 Malabar sees eeeeee! —_——- British Plantation St Domingo qeassnpee Exported socsesserees Imported :— tons (| tons tons tons Havana & P Rico | 9,683 | 13,465 ge eee | — West India ...... | 6,861 | 8,820 Brazil ee eee eeeeenene East India ...... 13,705 | 12,508 | 10,546 | 19,440 African .o.ereceeceecee! Mauritius...... | 8,896 | 7,767 | 9,482 | 15,974 | Total Foreign ...... Total ....cessveeeser| 29,462 | 29,095 | 29,711 | 48,879 i SY Duty paid :— { oa Grand total ...... | 3 West India «...... | 12,395 | 16,648 | 17,021 | 14,932 Exported :— East India ...... , 10,101 | 11,782 7,862 | 12,081 British Plantation) Raw Materials, ~”" Stuffs, &c. Mauritius...... -| 8,759 | 4,267 | 4,501 } 10,149 Ceylon .....000 BP nototherw. ‘des. Total ..sscsssevereee| $1,255 | $2,697 | 29,384 | 37,162 COCHINEAL . la —_—_— -__e Stock —_— ee eee ee Total BP ...... +. West India ...... | 2,202 | 5,762 | 3,895 | 9,774 Serons | Serons East India ...... | 12,281 6,643 | 6,652 | 15,363 Mocha .....++. Mauritius ...... - 2'059 | 4,935 5,165 7,880 Foreign East India| |_ 2099 | Malabar .....ses000- Total ic.svvecccsveee| 16,542 | 16,940 | 15,712 | 33,017 St Domingo ——— Havana & P Rico Average price of Brazil ccccceccescsees West India ...... | 38s 6d | 31s 6d | 358 1ld| 288 3 African ... Foreign Sugar | | —_—— Soe Imported :— { Total Foreign ... Imported ....00000008 Cheribon, Siam, & { OO ee | eee ee Manilla...... 484 793 1,793 2,611 Grand total ...... Havana oo. .seeeeeee 158 3,256 1,277 1,901 Duty Paid :— | ere | ee Porto Rico evomnonee ams ie 143 959 British Plantation Brazil w..cocsccoees-| 712 | 2,438 928 | 1,972 Ceylon wove seeceesess| BP nototherw.des.| 2 | 17,595 | 24,284 Total ....cccccccccce) 1,354 6,487 4,141 | 7,443 Exported :— | —_— | — Total BP ...... Cheribon, Siam, &c| 1,493 | 1,911 259 | 2,600 TMpOrted os. seeeeeers Havane w.cccoccceee| 1,761 | 1,864 3,677 1,965 DE OGTAR, snp ccsscssecacs Porto Rico .. } 580 | 7$2 414 | 478 Foreign East India Brazil seeeensnesnsees| 1,326 | 1,850 1,366 | 1,812 ee ae St Domingo ...... Total.....cccseeee| 5,160 | 6,417 | 5,716 | 6,855 Havana & P Rico Stock :— ! a ee Brazil eens 4,889 | 3,373 4,938 | 5,467 REGO sicccnvesccinns! Havana wee) 3,965 | §,283 6,300 | 10, 309 chests | chests | Porto Rico ....+...+! 927 | 025 1,243 1,266 A

th acct” Ok 611 332 | 594 . Total eco ces ceccceces Exported :— { —— ep PEPPER | East India ...... 735 457 506 543 White—I mported | Duty Paid :— } —|——_——. __ iene —_ | West India ..... 702 | 799 534 964 Exported ...... AMECTICAN 64. 00000000 East India...... Seal 201 _ isis 1,618 | 838 798 | esieiastatibitands acidic Duty Paid.. Total ....cscvsscovsveee] 903 | 2,417 | 1,372 | 1,762 Liverpool,all kinds! | Stock :— ee | ———— in 1843 & 1844... 321,882) 481,503 IO vescinnsesene ee West India ...... 2,066 | 1,438 1,440 1,743 —— ee 326,92 26) 500,873 EastIndia...... me 21,602 | 19,305 | 15,754 14,183 Black— Imported Exported :— Tota! .... 23,668 20,743 | 17,194 15,926 Exported ...... Ct COA Imported :— Duty Paid...... | British Plantation 1,116 ee §6 | Ss 3,085 1,406 Seomonteta 3. Forel gtcccccccscccsces| 2,056 868 5,178 486 ROE vcacteeins { —_——————— —_—_——— NUTMEGS |. MCRL acvcccescencces| 8,773 865 8,233 1,892 | Exported :— ae —— — Imported ...... 0000 | British Plantation 382 747 391 45 FOrelgn cocccsecvecsece| 3,737 1,103 6,846 325 Exported ...... 00000 Liverpool—1843- Total...... c.0000' 4119 | 1,850 | 7,237 370 Dety Pele cnn ——|——— | Duty paid :— —- — - -- on | British Plantation 4,077 6,327 5,757 4,908 see Commerci | Foreign ...... 00s00000 25 7 53 335 CASSIA LIG,. bias” For Liverpool Trade of the oanul and Postscript. i —_ Tmported ....0. 000 +06! an | EE sctenamneicent &308 6,334 5,810 5,243 *,* This week we omit Flax, Hemp, Silk, j Stock :— —_—— —_-—- -— --- Exported .....000000 quence of the abolition of the duty, In oones soon as British Plantation 10,089 9,395 5,024 3,570 turns are not entered at the Customhouse, b ut as POBCNER ccosveccccsence| 6%, 757 2,963 6,218 2,682 Duty Paid ...... Government complete their arrangements J accurate returns of these articles, we See cccoce] 15,846 | 12,358 _ 11,242 6,252 ee oa BP

oQqQ@Q@QZnH oo)

1845.] THE ECONOMIST.

& ad 2 d b perlbs Seeds s SUGAR—REF . contd, | des—Ox h oa 0 d | f d . and 0 5 Carawa 0 4 Dute aq@sds BA : ia forei 46 0 2 wsese retalCimes’ id'dry 0 3 way, gn,pewt 8 NO. Pri owe English baila Pieces 2 .* Weekl y _ Current. pee ees : Cc 50 6 ssn : = Cit razil, 4 0 6 a 0 veneers ain For Remarks. S * Latest ¥ mane A i vanary ] per qr Pieces Weekly Summary. drcaaabaed 43 «..«. . es ; in Weekly ana ; 0 red 36 G Accounts’ jn noe Clover, 36 9 ; Tallow 12 iad coe ceeceee 0 48 perewt 70 tisereeeceseene . d O 39 ee cccece 50 allow F EVENING Rio, + Cc white 0 Fo papers eee ane 0 63 ee 10 0 14 B.P. 3d, ae ews JONDON, per cent exce, e 0 5g a 0 Duty ead - oO Five uties, Lima ‘dry ; 6 “per 0 50 wt 39 ® Add 3 _— foreign.. qr 42 os a . YC pl spirits. agree ace cee 0 new 3 38 Ash soea dry 0 at tn eee : 56 Ng ele tage = India, 0 43 Sina = 3 N. duty free 0d 24 W est : P ‘Sesh 0 ales Firet © 248 6d 33 0 brown... er - eee ; 39 U.S.pewt 6 oo Se 0 tard, Semis i sess. 14 soees 24 N ee eeeees of ert £30 0 T bri 0 oo. ty 25 > . eMC 0 2 per last £25 0 ..... 17 0 sort Pear] 25 0 E a - 34 Rape 10 qrs Archangel eee nes ene 0 First SS 6 a 114 7 fre : Ae ene nee Bae CO UO ... a3 0 duty a 6 17 Menteethcscscecescos sesssse Kips, nin fee ae 0 Ni silk e Stockholm 2 . duly ag $8ia, _ ¢ Iry 8 o2 - ba a. a 9 18 duty Cocoa 2a America . Beulah, th 7 0 Tea Ce slid lb, For. S orse, »phide : 6 «+ per % 7 ‘ehes red . ae ~ 47 O . 6 6 ret 2 0 0 4 cw t40 0 z Russia .do Gousten mmm Ib, bd Trinidad, Tae 43 0 Sree 6 ier en eer ° ee ee * 0 — duly Jossimbuzar cae, Fokien 0 9 ieee St Lucia.. 44 0 2 6 5 e Comercolly 3 : and 8} 0 ond eo 33 0 : ae 510 16 0 ord 0 Seem ‘ a perth : 6 Congou, com. Bahia,& ria, &Guayaquil 6 ....0+ 19 : to nd 11 2 sae , ) 38 Jude sntntctnesent a Venti 16 0 scuchena® «. : 0 p lb 6d + 6 Ist. 0 ord to fine 5 B.P,Ad lb, For. Madras : 5 Lombardy, 0 0 25 er 0: ee duty and p 2 aws, wa ONG «- 0 3% triage 3 ane do 22 0 Cc cease | : I maica, ord, EAD 1 6 ; sane 29 ; 6 a ; bond.. aan ie Po ; 24 A per wt, 0 snes hE 9 per ana F oR 30 0 Pekoe, wg ee 0 46 sesvenesr ee = “2 eg? am 25 0 0 : 7 30 Java 1st. 0 a 0 ie oa 4... 68 0 ae idiseusaieiaaaiiaaes 9 49 Nap! 21 0 7 ‘ty fi ie 4 and fine 0 Guate Ses ; 5 0 ples Royals, 5, Istqu 20 od - os middling rib 23 Do 1ddo Twankay, ine 1 oisie ° =? 1 Bol .... ; Skin 1 fine fine lo Leather b 1 vo ogna 0 23 yson eece i 0 H y per hol) 20 tet eee oman wees aaa 130 Crop — 40 f ! ee on, CO - 4 Berbice —_— ides <— +. ots ie Hys« cabbies ‘ a OO Er do. ig a ‘ ; 27 triage and 40 0 0 Butts. 4 ¥ aes tienen 26 0 2s 8 0 essere 7 fi seevescosece 0 0 5S iglish a. 9 Ona: secsscess NE $ good and ord... . = 0 = 28 mperial Grenies ees nie to tins 0 72 98 ee din IANZINES 20-22 seer eee eer 6 oe Se .. GO do : 6 0 I en, 29 0 one good . Forei .. 16 - eo 28 0 29 Gunpowd ord to 45 0 do 25 0 ll : : ...... a 2 canat z : gu 4 — oll 24-26 2 0 3 Timber L S L kind... O § = I ‘e ~ 27 0 | pid 11 plan » 88 . , do = Lombs 20-2: 28 mer. & 10s — ; 6 otis BS, ; ombardy, aate A Teake, phen Mocha, daibsiesealsa OF se Cat &’ itt te 3 ° oo Que. 1 oe ro @ : Se : 3 © 24 0 : Ap 7 cleaned $s 0 63 aioe “- % 2 vole ” - 0 33 ea garbled Gesee ee yo i eo. 24- 26 wna 32 P. a oa ord ungarbled. 9 oe 1117 rench, 92 — eo Bers “120 7 TR Lantnany a 47 0 Pt =e 0 D Hides I} : am, 2 Me load 40 chee -” 0 22 Dressing O 26- 28 24 5 and id Memel.. 7 i aor... 0 do ecccsecece ey a ™ | Bantzic . 317 GS iccsivnses 25 — wer 9 . Swed dish Batavis 11 220 6 Bagiich 3 Spices—| —P 025 cae renee 0 46 Hides, 4 o1 bend 2% 0 Pine, Quebec, 47 ee ae = 0 sh, per hide : pei » bond 0 33 o5 al daa 33 0 44 pokemon | pferent, duty d 6d 4 ved sense Brazil, * aia . Kips, sb oan} EPPER, I , - if 0 0 0 6 aia Miram 410 0 0 fine « Soe * 30 $ 0: 9 16 . ;— Johns 5 coloury. - Hatin " 64 0 Logs, rat ft..each 0 F —— peel i ER nbd d 510 0 St Domingo to a 33 | als—COPPER &c. th meee Walnncot athwood B.P. 22 fi . ord 39 0 Sheath bolts, light»... ke ‘ 8 duty 1s, m 0 wannah ard oe & M &c, -, m 9 0 0 od os ee Beene 1of . ma 26 2 emel, d B.P. For. 1 srannah a ea BF 60 0 0 = ce oe 27 0 4 Deals duty 2s p id, Rico. 30 : sesnesnseenee lite ood . 3 07 3in i128 Porto Rico, OMS 0 G to fine pe 0 F 10 Gefle, Lift 9 0 snededssaves Old sf 0 } B.P. 58 5s pewt, For. by 32 0 0 4a Guayra we £84 84 0 0 2INGER duty hy Stockhol 31 0 0 29 co oo ton : iy. } Jengal, per cwt...b0 nd 16 0 .. . 28 naan cace,..p 83 0 0 M > 0 LOLI eevee pine. ‘dulyfree Ss - 0 0 0 sessseerees ae Quet ey yellow otton 3 , Ame | 00 00 3 WIADAL eaiites 0 quali 18 0 0 2 28 0 sith ton ‘in ond. . 0 90 0 it 17 0 os 32 IRON, ver per tor a ee ae amaica = 260 8h. @ecccce sseee -perlb 3 96 § ..... s 4 ality arenes 0 0 e+ 0 ¢ 3 j Bars, Se ees 5 4 ¢ see ner 13 0 Madras Benzal... 20 34 te. British 10 10 Barbad Lic Onions wepanene e 12 0 .++se0eseeeees ‘ 0 3 Nail - 0 Cas. dut BoP. os 0 21 te eee 0 6 0 0 ; uly p Ib, For. Dantai spruce...... 18 0 Madras G cane Rael noeeeen 420 rods 12 a ; to g D. Nd eee Pa 1 Bowed Feorgia ae tessevene WA ord p ewt.. 62 0 De deck... « Sacecker .. 0 to good, 0 Plank ik, an. Ne . ae Hoops iakepiaiaiieaids As ord sorte Ry ° ew Ovlenma . ga » d 66 0 0 10 ...... 34 0 at : cone = ° a PF. 9 kins 0 ono N ">> » Ouraamen 'B. P. 3d pload Demean Me Grad eh eens, , g, W . Oe 10 per duty yun} tic ante” Ba ... 0 I at fle ~ No 1, y a, Ceylon, ns ae per 1200 0 West co pata Bars, 3 - 0 a er t > in 0 0 3 4 nah Quel p 140 70 0 0 7 No. I 5 10 515 eee 2 3 ps Oe evcce 0 6} 71 z C ‘lyde ee whe 9 duty pipe...1200 3s o 6 . a in} the ce. anc i ‘aréies _ Tobacco oO Ss 34 0 dish. wOnd... CL hid ane onc ave Ma & saneberteaes ** 0 - a D. » AT 8 9p lb, per a 43 17 0 10 0 d 7 per Drugs Dyes 7 7 OvES, per Ib ryland, good ¢ ore 0 R : Gee y free ng, pig Bencool 6d, 2 = and oloured 0 ton—E ee 5 Ambeyent a & 16 6 % eek LAL eck iideinns 18 : Cayer onthems &} 0 104 coloury aes 3 When 10 0 0 0 0 Black 8 6 TIE 18 ee 6d, coat 3 light 5 5 4 53 ID 4 5 ...... , 2 oa duty 2s 2 0 4 Tealy 9 0 iii POP 5: do teeceess 2 © een rib 3 aid . see crocs 9 white sho duly B.P brow é eaf 0 5 DYE _ patent =e) 0 GS 28 Gd, ye By AC m . woes +4 10 20 P. | irg Wight o4 NOt. bond — 0 0 40 0 ginia DT... POF 1 § Spanisl ane in 6 5 ungarbled wm 3 8 f ine Se & Trist oe scoee rlb 3 6110 STEEI in k and ord.... ib " i 0 0 . otch 0 5 Oth ver marks .* § 6 oe Swedish, gsl7 10 ts— 2 — 05 © 4 s |. : 20 it spatlsd 8 Kum y9s4dp 9 gallon do O es 2 a faggots 0 18 8 1 duty O ee ing... 7 SuzLLAc 3 s speaon on 22 13 0 Jar naica, ) to 20, ry to sw middling... 33 ' Orange Cwl 0 55 BR. bir P. 5 0 ; K fin e black 0 2 O 4 teeeeeesP 6 TIN'dniy duty 3s F or. 6a 3 2 scent 0 38 : Other 2 0 | pcwt, 3 3.0 0 fine 5 4 Sorts..... English, bl ocks.. -p ton 80 30'to Ealenesbond entucky—stem' and _—o / Tt ighish .. 3 6 rm good vs : gal..ss 12 bars 0 81 : D Menueaian marks 4 0 0 part 44 0 mueaie « perewt 2 Oo 14 6 $i 10 0 ; A o mid, ; 4 | 0 t bond...... » 74 10 to 20. Oo Pp 21 q short..... 4 China ee eoece 12 a in ie ns 7307 ‘Sean aaa 9 mer i oe 0 ; 3 Jav Mal - Me a en 7210 °° 2 3 for segars, ae eae ss ann 2 T aand 9 0 4 T IN a PLAT “1 0 ene eae eee 0 " | § 0 per box B ak. 0 Cavendish.n. ae ; : i ES, 0d 050. * 2 Javan Cumana Cutel ina, gd, pont 99 Charcoal, sic ae d 38s engal, cer. : 0 (fine) se ace Pegue, 8 0 Coke, 39 pees Se 7 ( jambier ch, 023 M duly BP. 0 eerie ° ast 3 § . .13 14 0 ee 33 pmithott rtificate..... none 4 ¢ : : slasses dul fe rand 8 10d pgat 0 Dyewoods uty free a Se ae, oreign tenet : Riomcapmoaga gars 0 s £ it 838.4... | < 0 14 Locwoop i : ae d 22 0 N 8 West est India, f 17 0 7 .., seeveeeO M iii Jamaica ...44. 2 ¢e 5 forliome use, = iin, discs egrohead Yamane : ACA OPT: |S ae a. cone r2l 7 Turp -per ewt 79 8 0 wos oe ‘ 0 (on b § 4 4 2 . F O ee ort $i 38 ampeachy 7 15 ieig 3 0 1MQrsnrne metseonene urpentine s of, duty or. 5 37 0 Vers sereeevneces 5 tonsa un £ 1 ; : w See 3 10 0 ool— “aa Ea ¢ 1 10 ee 1510 | pal » 0 . ho, 0 ...... gag Seal, £ _. stoner cccceccecseccce 0 0. Down 15 maica 51g 10 gal one d » — fiN€ 2 _ 6 . ae p 252 ° Xtra . 24 Half-t hogs . esn'vis Straw rowr 0 29 0 s lds c 6 Kent = — "atencmren seseee " o7 0 28 duty B.P. r 168 4d eec 4 10 -ARAG 83 yellow. oa . Tt p ir 43 7. .... - ee { 0 br, dp, 38 0 woth , -per Head Sperm n . 86 1, BP »pewt 13 0 13 1 ates ee Woon 16 0 natte 88 ¢ 0 ” ei SET. vers 0 “hin tl : 0 r sesceeeceeee ‘ 0 90 "'mialing soveséeoesene do eeees .13 0 0 vert a 31 ee seester 0 13 1 large solid ... wits 0 Cod. rapes 0 ot 10 go Ss orts—Cl eck 7 0 Small ¥ id rough 10 0 s Sea 26 teens 50 9 othin 18 Saran — 0 0 South teeeeees 2¢ tialidinll 5 0 ime and g,picki 4 V ox ii ete. Sidi reeeeeee 51 0 58 0 Pri ae 0 ” os Ganp . . - a5 0 Bimas ton 13 0 8, brown 2. 0 41 Choice eeees 10 Geitnaee + per : 15 ve ee Mauritiu » a 35 see 13 10 re 0 one 56 Siam.. tee eeeees 0 0 41 elite. 1 . 2 0 ieiiiiicsiienes Ween oe a “per tt in 2610 27 B engal, and ‘ak 5 0 one 13 0 a ) n:90 4 N 0 28 = 10 noist br 3} = 0 7 10 eo?) Cocoa ut. ae 0 éry 34 : cuen ) Ss rit ve 28 38 browr yellow nn 18 0 50 0 eed, R ape, Pa pale ee 0 ome Prt @ eR —/ on Linseed ee tien : — ; 10 is 0 monds 2 4 2¢ 26 46 6 58 13 30 14 Jordan, an, dut p cw 1 e Bl mnonnes qr ae Od svccsescese matching... unen 80 n duty 253 eee vt, 0 s ack $ eveee ) wn brown. z Log hing 21 10 ditto, 8 Pete 8 Yellow . 6 Picklock 18 oe atchernty duly 10 nes 10 10 . St ny od . 52 ching 18 10 a 15 0 0 cerlific Super 1S 15 10 Os per veut io ane with ate, F a sevens new oes cake »P oe se labour 4d or 28s y sree Barbary a 5 Sheen a 4 10 710 8 Jenn, n and yellow 22 6 panish, 2 . A oaneee $10 = 0 ee in bond » ; - § & white eee 0 26 R's sich cts b tter on 2 = —* Leonesa, - 2 Cur Provisi Ee e Manilla pai 0 Segovia $6 All & pork yell 20 0 ttt eee ereeeeens Lie < n rw! 2 8 beef ik. 21 0 23 mene Scns Cephal, 26 foo xeept Od 58, 1 Soria ee ww 3 Patras . ew o “ea Carlow - 928s Yellow wrens 630 8 ee2 dutr 7 8° Cork.. a 0 19 Sevill ; Figs y 158 per ewt - 0 06. 0. Rio, yellow. » 16 6 Eee Turk L 04 9% O and a 0 25 oe 1 6 6 1 8 pewt d & Waterford a 0 white e. 21 Fame eeces .... oe . mew, dp 115 Limerick 00 Per brown moniasina German pa Pog Spanish eescen fresh 0 0 96 0 me am, 19 : : 2 10 ae ib 1 Freisland, . 80 0 16 6 6 net 2 6 6 Plur | E ; fresh 96 0 nd yel 19 0 2d Elect § eee 9 percut” Kiel Holstein, 76 0 0 27 prima ~ 2 ‘ duty dds d I and ‘fine eons = and an Sseecsecrwve oe ums per ewt 4 0 , a s. heoemmen nand yellow 6 secunds ee io p 210 0 pw i 0 0 20 Silesi esian .. 4 Imperial new 4 7 00 0 0 a... . 21 6 27 0 ertia 0 0 cartoon, 78,n 4 7 eee ee 8 90 0 i Sate 0 96 rune 8, duty dp 1 Sean = 0 & yel.. "19 26 O f Blesteral.. Rai.i ise ew American seeeeebins Ilavana, rown 22 ; duty 0 ae recrraraem 64 0 wl —_ Lids 0 2:05 sisins 0 crmevecncun : 33 ew. a Li- 1e white 34 prima » 3 aa O 2 8 ceaaak ate 0 0 ordand 59 0 62 . eee .. oe. teneee oe p 112 merick bladder mae 6 0 ee — |secunda tert) cunda e 6 Valen — 5 Co 58 0 sete = : ‘emian, aS bi 2 ae ete do ... 0 19 0 0 and n,Q DY eos _—a Smyrna, 24 k i 0 59 Lamb’s... 0 ack (nom. ) 17 0 0 0 irkin and ~ 50 H ‘ 4 red a 2 ee pia aa cwt, re ungarian ww 20 Sul ee 27 American a 0 in B. ship, 2 per single Pieces 2 0 3 2 40 0 unty double ‘4s fined 16 28 Stan, < > ee 0 17 s, 0s, hegre b oe 2 2 do SS > 0 8 to Fribs _—— scatel.., or teense serene 0 eo D = loaves, Australi ee Vv duty h oe , 65 : » free 80 0d Ist Per Flax e 15 Amer. . tata : 0 40 67 yy 84s ie £5 Infe rior : . 36 to stand, 141b 67" = 0 ing ee 8 B & Ca a. e P; jual a to 67 0 2a do 23 Pete TR....3 5 “a 0 50 0 eef— ae titlers, ‘ i ‘ 0 S38 St tenon 0 0 c 67 0 ene lumps, 66

| } 3 “4 — THE ECONOMIST. [ April 19, nished to the committee is more or less favourable. The continued Ratlw Avs. fresh introduction of foreign schemes is now the most dangerous —_—_——_ —____--_- -— syinptom of this mania ; not only on account of the greater exposure RAILWAY SHARE MARKET. to absolute fraud, but where undertakings are really bona fide, the greater uncertainty of their ever being completed, or answering if No shares Div. pé-yr- Friday Evening. | Shares ; Paid | Price completed. Itis plain that, with the exception of a few of the best ee ref — _-- ooo | j L. 8. Dk 8. D. known lines, on the occurrence of the slightest discredit, foreign ag = DIE Nok hse. we | 210 0 og 5 | railways will be the first to feel it. What guarantee have you for 9500 W5spsh Birmingham and Gloucester |100 6 0100 0 0 139 the conducting of operations at such a distance, with laws 10,000 ‘6s 3d Ditto New, iss. 74 dis.... 25 0 0 1710 O - | and cus- 9500 — Brizhton, Lewes, & Hastings’ 50 0 0 10 0 0 lug =o toms and people to contend with, to all of which you are strange and at such a distance, that no control can be exercised where p 15,000 18s peh Bristol and Exeter ... 100 0 0 70 0 0 82 i} Coh- 6640 —_ Ditto and Gloucester... 50 0 0 30 0 0 — trol is most wanted ? 36,000 —_ Caledonian << 50 0 0 5 0 0 14 154 50,000 — Cambridge and Lincoln ... 25 0 0 110 0 93 4 ‘To-day an extensive business has been done. In French shires | a = Chatham and Portsmouth 20 00 100 - much has been done. London and York are higher; Direct | 42,4000 _ Chester and Holyhead 50 0 0 5 0 O 135 y Northern lower. - one _ Chichester and Brighton 10 0 0 aie (From our own Correspondents.) 50,000 = Churnet Valiey... 2000 20 0 104 93 a ae Cornwal] # 3.0 6 5g é MANCHESTER. Thursday—Ciosing prices this day:— — — Direet Northern 50 0 0 210 0 3% 48 Bristo! and Gilencester Por bP to 64 Eastern Counties “ee wy ne 203 214 35,000 —_ Direct Norwich one 20 0 @ 10 (0 — Litto Perpetual, No 1 6g 64 10,000 anae Diss, Beccles,and Yarmouth 25 0 0 110 O 34 4 Ditto Ditto No. 2 248 25s 19,000 a Dublin and Belfast Junction 50 0 0 210 0 108 lla Grand Junction as a me we ae ee 297 | om _ Ditto and Galway 50 0 0 210 0 ag 4 144,000 4s psh Eastern Counties — 25 0 0 1416 0 21321 Ditto Half-shares ... s+» see ase ee 124 1134 | Ditto Quarter-shares 55 56 | 144,000 — Ditto Perpetual, No. 1 613 4 413 4 iF 1 pm Great North of England eve 193 107 } 144,000 a Ditto Ditto, No. 2 615 4 013 4 g 2 pm 4000 — Fastern Union...... 50 0 0 10 0 0 _ Ditto New shares ... 43 45 | 18.000 |1/ 2s 6dp s Edinburgh and Glasgow 50 0 0 50 0 0 62 i Ditto 30/ shares 21 £3 } Great Western eee 185 187 | 18,000 5s 74d P sh Ditto 4 Shares ee l2 10 0 1210 0 153 10,200 — Ely and Bedford... «.. 2 00 1 5 0 2g «33 Ditto Half-shares : 104 105 }titto Fifth shares ee ee ee 42 Connection ... 50 0 0 210 0 — 14,000 —— Grand Jamaica bet eee eos eee ses 0 tte a ee 374 38 | 10.918 Sf p ct Grand Junction 100 6 0100 0 0 — Laneaster and Carlisle ave 4u 404 || 10,938 52 p et Ditto 4 Shares 50.0 60 650 0 CU _ 10,918 5 p et Ditto4 Shares .. ... 25 0 025 0 0 — Liverpool! and Manchester ese 08s ee tee wees tee SUS 206 Ditto Hal -shares 100 102 | 20,000 — Great Southern and Wester lia eles ke atieas aad mei shite 207 Ireland) sy ap th 50 0 0 5 0 O 19 194 London and Birmingham Ditto SRF aeARR esc wes ees, nce ese A 4 | 10,000 3ipsh Great North of E: giand 100 © 0100 0 O 195 2024 - 10s p sh Ditto New... 40 0 0 5 O O 4/ Y iitto CeRPOOT GGPOR one cco aes wee cee ome 33 25,000 4/pcent (Great Western ... wo 0 8 60 0 0 188 190 London and Brighton eke ak sey nike: eee ee eee 65 1 Ditto Loan notes ... ee - _ | 25,000 42 p cent Ditto 4 Shares 50 0 0 50 0 0 105 6 37,500 4/1 p cent Ditto Fifths ... .. «+. 2) 0 0 20 0 0 42 : Ditto Eighth. shares ° ele: ted> dees” en okee oe 20,000 os Guildford, Farnham, &c. 50 00 210 0 f Lonon and South Western 2... os. see ore see wee wee BI S14 | Litto 10/ shares - 2 26 | 10.500 — |Harwich —— . 27 0 8 1 0 0 2 8000 (|1/ 15s psh) Hull and Selby... 50 0 0 50 0 0 i Ditto New SRATER 22. ccc as 00s one ones SB 15} | (8s 9dpesh)} Ditto 4 Shares 1210 0 1210 6 4 Manchester and Leed ao” eke ath, neh: Velen’ dieml~cspani, le See 149 | 8000 Manchester and Bin gham ... 93 60 {| 5000 — | Kendal Windermere pee 7% 0 08 1h) @ 16,000 on Lancaster and Carlisle 50 0 0 15 0 06 Ditto Quarter-shares ee ee : 10 104 | 8000 — Leeds and Bradford sion 50 0 8 5 0 0 —_ Manchester, Bolton, and Bury 164 1674 ex. div. || 5100 (432 p et [Liverpool and Manchester 100 6 0100 0 0 _— Midiand Railway Consols... so os se nee cee ee one 159 160 | 7968 jt4! p et Ditt Shares 50 0 0 50 0 0 -- Ditto Preferential d 4 ! Ditto 40/ shares...... « eco «eee eke wes 193 193 11,475 t;/ pet D 4 Shares ae 2 0 0 25 0 0 _— 4.125000/ p ct Lor ,and Birmingham Stock : di: ah 2000 1 ~0 43 Liverpool and Manchester on 00s | ake 203 205 i = —_ WRugby,Worcester.and Tring 20 0 0 1 0 0 46 58 Lo Half-shares ... 100 10! — -— Ditto 2nd Preference, 1842 ' —_ Do Quarter shares “a — we (ig at } 26,000 -- Sheffield and Lincoln... 2300 1 8 @ _ Do Mow hereto. sts 000 sa oes BIE 38 | 7000 _— Sheffield and Manchester 100 0 0 8210 0 _ Liverpoo!, Ormskirk, and Preston 3g 34 _ _ Ditto} Shares...... 300 8 08 @ —_ ieemdon Gad Wirmiiewiams... cco cca. ane oes 0s ors ces 236 18,000 _ Shrewsbury, Wolverhamp., | Do Quarter-shares 323 334 | Dudley, and Birmingham | 50 0 0 210 0 5 43 Manchester and Birmingham ...... s. oss 59 GO ex ne" 22.000 — South Devon ails, Andis 50 0 015 0 O 274 4 D> = Quarter-shares 104 10) 1} 56.000 10s 6d p sh South Eastern and Dover Avr $3 2 4 424 Do New do se a Ske“ a 63 pm 24,000 — Ditto New iss. at 32/ ... wD 0 0 8 0 O 17 Manchester, Bolton, and Pury... hc eee! eee a 166 50,000 oo South Wales aed" baal 50 0 0 210 0 7 3 Ma: chester and Leeds...... eis : .. 148 149 \{ on _— Stevenson's Portsmouth... 210 0 — Do Half-shares... co. co on « 643 U5§ _— — Thames and Medway Avr ws st —_ Do Quarter shares eee eee ove ove ove 1 i 204 | | 45,000 _ Trent Valley be’. en 20 0 0 2 69 O 20 20 Do Sixteenth-shares 7% f 7500 10s Yarmouth and Norwich... 20 0 020 0 0 28 Newcastle and Darlington a a ae ee ae ouy 51g ex new 1275 | 2s 3d a) a 20 00 8 0 0 183 Do New shares ... 20. ooo oe cos 929 324 | | 6700 5/ pet Yorkand North Midland | 50 0 0; 50 0 0} 104 4 North Wales Minera! . we ben dhe e900 a08 900 ous i? 16 i} 6700 S5ipet Ditto 4 Shares oo» 183 8 Oe 8 6 52 Do ee ee ee ee 64 j ati om Ditto Scarborough Branch} 25 0 0) 20 0 06 43 4 TR OOS. sua tak is eee neh S08 es. eee be ea i — ol p ct Ditto Selby Scrip... 50 0 01290 0 OF — Preston and Wyre oS 2 ae ee . 3% 33 | 25,300 — Ditto Extension 125 0 0) 1 5 @ 173 17 Shefficld and Manchester... 1214126} Foreign Railways. | j Sheffield and Lincoln a a ee 268 ~~ div 75,000 -— Boulogne and Amiens 120 0 0 40 @ 11g 3 South Eastern and Dover... oak ee a ee. 4 34 eT —_ — Orleans and Vierzon |20 @ 0 2 0 o| 174 17 nee CCCL CLL Do New shares, No. ee —_— | 130,09) _ Orleans and Bourdeaux... 200 6, 2 0 0 129 «12 New shares, No. 2 bi ae 14 Lk 125.009 | _— Paris & Lyons (Ganneron’s); 20 0 © 2 0 0 2 Do Do New shares, No. $ Se 8 20 0 6 2 0 0 24 j 120,000 = Pari- and Strasbourg ee We ied eee. dad. ce om ei’ st on od FS a | | 80,000 —_— Paris and Orleans 20 6 0,20 0 06 48 72 72,000 1 iParis and Rouen '20 0 620 0 @ 433 the share | Lreps, Thursday.—We have no material change to report in the state of 40 000 _ 'Rouen and Havre 1:20 0 #14 0 @ B04 iwe think market since our last. Midlands continue strong at 158/to 160/ per cent, an whiecw they | Fripay Niet. are safe at the price; the 40/ shares have recovered from the depres len, I d the Yur’ w+re throwa a week ago, and have been done to-day at 19/; both these and thrown Tue speculations continue without interruption, and a very extensive and North Midland Extension are likely to advance if the Direct Northern 1s egnin : business has been done, but with much greater fluctuations of prices out, as it probably will be in “standing orders.’ Hulland Setby are stirring - ders Mr Hudson, it is understood, will not object to grant the te-ms asked by ae are 7 than hitherto. The parliamentary proceedings, no doubt, tend much for a lease of the line, in which event the old stock at 1034 and the ¢ shares at to create this feature-—opinion rising and falling as the evidence fur- 20 per cent below their real value. The lease of the Birmingham anc Briste] Compe EEO O_O OOOO eee 1845. | THE ECONOMIST. 375 |

at 6 per cent by the Midlands, was confirmed by the proprietary of the latter company to insist on the Scotch banks retaining idle in their eoffers, coin equal him. And those on Saturday at Derby ; the chairman as usual carried the meeting with to one-fifth of the circulation, it is impossible to conceive. No such sati-fied with the who fancied that a loss would ensue from the arrangement, were the English banks last year; and, week, the Midlands restriction was proposed towards delaration that if the Bristol and Birmingham earned 4,000/ pr week. Manchester and surely, neither the credit of the Scotch banks, vor the wants of the will be held harmless; the receipts at present are 3,700/ per Birmingham bave fluctuated from 56/ to 60/ per share during the last day ortwo. A circulation. can have suggested this invidious difference. No doubt meeting was heid at Manchester on Monday for the purpose, of anuulling the agreement the Scotch banks, with the prudence for which they have been so re- far as | with the London and Hirminghem ; ne particular-, however, h ive transpired, 80 West Yorks markable, keep as much coin in reserve as answers all the purposes | we can learn. Bradfords are easy at 414/ per share, ex North Westerns. have come into favour again, and are now sought for at 58s premium. Thusks are and exigencies of their frade, and to do more than that is absolute quiet at 36s premium ; the negotiations with the Great North of England Company waste. But for what fanciful purpose is this restricticn imposed ? having ended in smoke. Clitheroe Junctions have come out at4j} premium, and we Is it as a guarantee to the public—a guarantee of 600,000/ against a rather think wil! go considerably higher R. B. Watson & Co, Sharebrokers, 7 Bond street. circulation of 3,000,000/, and deposits of 30 000,000? If the public had so little faith ia their banks that they required any guaran- Epixpurch, Wednesday.— Edinburgh and Glasgow railway 63/ 08; ditto quar- tee, the one proposed is absurd. Is it asa cheek on circulation ? | sor shares 15/ 15s; ditto new 6/ 5s.—Edinburgh, Leith, and Granton ratlway 15/ 15s; | ditto Preference 13/.—Dalkeith and Leith Branch railway 10/.—Glasgow and Greevock ‘lhen would it be equally operative if the maximum were fixed | railway 19208; ditto new 8/ 15s; ditto preference 2/.—Glasgow and Garnkirk rail- without reference to any reserves of idle coin (in a counuy way 372 10s; ditto new 20/.—Glasgow and Ayrshire railway 62/ 0s; ditto new 16/ 10s. where gold coin does not circulate, and where sovereigns would | —Pundee and Arbroath railway 34/ 15s; do new 11/5s.—Arbroath and Forfar railway be as useless, as reserves of five france pieces in the local banks | 21/ 10s; ditto half shares 14/ 0d —North British 19/2 10s; ditto balves 5/ 5s 0d.—Ca'edo- | nian 13/ 15s. —Scottish Centra! 7/ 2s 6d.—Dundee & Perth 4/ 15s.—Aberdeer 4/ 17s 6d. in England), and a reserve of bullion only required against | —Edinburgh and Northern 2/ ts0d.—Glasgow, Dumfries, & Carlisle 1/ 6s 0d.—Monk- any increase on the present amount. It is quite clear that such land and Kirkintilloch 30/ 15s.—Slamannan 20/.—Wishaw and Cultness 40/.—Clydes- an arrangement would as effectually answer the purpose, if that dale Junction 1!/ Os 0c.—Scottish Midland 4/ 10s 0d. | Joun Rovertson and Co, Share Brokers, 15 Royal Exchange, Edinburgh. be the Ministers’ object, to chech further extension uf circulation. Hitherto the Scotch banks have held their reserves in exchequer Paris, Wednesiay.—The fall in railway shares bas continued this week to a great bills, with which they have balanced their mutual exchanges of extent, but since the Bourse of Friday, Apri) 11th, when the prices were at the mini- notes, and have thus an instrument representing perfect security, mum, there has been a perceptible rise, which seems to have reached its maximum in but still bearing interest. ‘Ihe Scotch banks, too, are notoriously the Bourse yesterday. Our market is exceedingly agitated, and great fluctuations must be expected. The mass of shares which are to be deficitely issued for the Northern, among the largest holders of securities in the London market; and Strasbourg, Bordeaux and Cette, Lyons and Avignon, and Cretl and St Quentin the effect of such a regulation can only be that, in a time of pressure, || Railways, and upon which for a time speculation will be freely employed, will make when they may judge it needful to be prepared to extend their issues many people reflect upon the consequences which must result. There is above all a circumstance which calls for every attention. The greatest part of the funds which or hold larger reserves, they will join the other svllers of securities Mes-rs Daru and teste would have deposited at the “ Caisse des Consignations.”” and in the London market, draw bullion from the Bank, and increase the which provide new subscribers, is actually employed to raise the value of the floating drain. And this is to be the cure for what the people now cal, shares, and thus tosu-tain speculation. When, in consequence of the d: tinitive #djudi- cation, all the defeated compnies will have immediately to reimburse their subscri- “Scotland being supplied with gold at the expense of England.” bers, and to withdraw their funds frow te Bourse, it is to be feared that this redemp- ‘The truth is, that at present the Scoich biuitks and the system of tion will cause a crisis, so much the more violent, as speculation will have forced very Scotch banking, are a great relief to the Englisa banks, «nd to the high the prices of ali the shares. O, Ropriaves, 19 Rue neuve des Matburins. Bank of England particularly, in the case of a drain. ‘Their spare funds are now disposable to purchase the securities brought on the market ; but impose these restrictions ou them, then they too will be THE BANKERS’ GAZETTE. sellers, and will increase the drain at such difficult times. ‘The only question to be answered is this—is the system safe to the public ? BANK OF ENGLAND. The Scotch banks can best answer this by referring to their An account, pursuant to the Act 7th and 8th Victoria, cap 32, for history for the last century anda half. That is a question of fact. the week ending on Saturday the 12:h day of April 1845 :— Independent of these considerations, we conceive it a most useful principle to prevent the distribution of gold, not required for circula- ISSUE DEPARTMENT. I L. tion, but only for reserves, through the country, as much as possible, Notes issued ..cocccccce eeoes 29,216,950 ; Government debt...... eovece 11,015,100 The more it can be centred in London, the more effectual it will be | Other securities..... ccccscces 2,984,000 for a‘l purposes. | Gold coin and bullion ...... 13,143,380 But the important consideration for the Scotch banks is, that they | Silver bullion ..ccccecccccccse 2,073,570 must consider this as the beginning of the end. The present inter- ‘ ea 4 90 + r 29,216,950 | 29,216,950 ference isa precedent; and the little bribe of a monopoly of the BANKING DEPARTMENT. existing circulation should be rejected as unworthy aud useless—un- L. | L. worthy, because, if good for them, it would be bad tor the country — Proprietors’ capital...... se8- 14,553,000 | Government Securities, includ- ee ee 3,147,578} ing Dead Weight Ar nuity ..15,174,495 useless, because there were banks enough, and coinpetition enough, Public Deposits (including Ex- | ouher Securities ....cccsccsse: 11,069,829 to prevent any one obtaining any advantage from it. chequer, Savings’ Banks, Com- 5 NES sc cccnsctseeeanieees eoes 8,001,434 missioners of National Debt, | Geld and Silver Coin.....es06. 675,977 The whole of the Canada loan has been taken by the Rock In- and Dividend Accounts) Other leposits,. vs surance Company at 1124. Seven Day and other Bills

34,894,735 } 34,804,735 MONEY MARKET. Dated the 17th day of April 1845. M. MARSHALL, Chief Cashier. Saturnpay.—The English stock-market is the shade firmer to-day. Consols, which opened 989 to § for money and the account, closed 982 to 9. Three per cent reduced THE OLD FORM, are quoted 974 to8. The fureign market exhibits very littie activity, indeed altogether business in the Stock Exchange has been very limited. | The above bank accounts would, if made out in the old form, pre- | Monpay.—The speculators for the fall, having chiefly retied on th- chance of war sent the following result :— between England and America, read the news received to-day as not altogether favonr- able to their operations. Ti.is naturally had the effeet of increasing busines-, and con- Liabil ‘ties. Eun | Assets. L sols were done at 994 buyers, for money and the accvunt. At the ci se of the market | Cireulation, inc. Bank post bills 22,301,485 STEEDS cc cc conned nce seccesessccxee AGA 206 the only difference was that they were quoted sellers. Bank stock lett off 2094 to § SOURDA: dinicesccscectuaiiin sebsevensiien 16,108,188 } Bullion ... . eee 5,892,927 | 21064, exchequer bi'ls 57s to 59s premium, three per cent reduced 984 to }, three-and-a- | a one sia | quarter per cents 101), and long annuities 11§ to (2. In the foreign stocks there was | 38,109,673 41.057,251 rather more firmness noticeable, but the brokers were ¢hiefly engaged in the arrange poe The balance of assets over liabilities being 3,147,578/, as stated in the above account ment of the account, Spanish five per cents left off 304 to 9, the three per cenis 40§ to under the head Rest. i, Portuguese 654 to 663, Russian 1164 to 1174. | ertvian 81 to 32, Mexican 36g to 4, Dutch two-and-a half per cents 63 to 4, the four per cents 974 to ¢. Danish 8& to 89, | . The above accounts exhibit an increase in the circulation, since last Colombinn 15g to 4, Chilian 98 to 100, Buenos Ayres 41 tu 43, Brazilian 874 to 8&4, and Belgian 100 to 101. | week, of no less than 1,138,501/, in the face of a decrease of bullion ‘lurspay.—Consols continue firm. They left off this afternoon 994 to } for money, of 181.275/, a decrease of deposits of 1,261,8687, and of securities of and 99%, buyers forthe May account. Altogether the tendency of the English market 380.733. is towardsimprovement, Nothing of moment was done in foreign stocks. Prices re- The rate of interest continues nominally without change, though main pretty steady, aud almost in all cases precisely the same as quoted yesterday WEDNESDAY Phe consul settlement bas gone off quietly, and oifferences have in al | the recent payments of the dividends has made money even more cases been well and punctually met. The last inoney price was 00} to 3, and the ac | abundant, and it is difficult to employ it at call at two per cent. In the | count price 999 buyers. In fure.gn securities there was not mucl: business. Tie spe | share market the value of money on consols has been 2 per cent, | culative descriptions were rather better with an increased disposition on the part of the” | on foreign securities from 5 to 7 per cent, and on railway dealers to purchase. shares from THURSDAY.—Ibe English securities were better to day. The whole of the settle 5 to 15 per cent. ° ments being now concluded, speculation has commenced on an extended scale, and To-day the exchange on Holland and on Hambro’ experienced a from the general advance in prices it is evidentit is spreading throughout the murkets slight advance. On Paris and Belgium, and other important points, Consels were very good at the close of business, at #94 to @ for movey, and at Yudt § it remains without change. for the account Business on a cons:derabie scale was transacted in the leading speeu lative foreign securities, and the quotations of Mexican, Spanish, and Po: tuguese all ee an upward tendency. Spanish and Mexican were particularly firm, at an | THe Scorcu Bank Bitt.—We are now at liberty to state the mea- advance, Fripay.—The Funds have been firm again to-day, and there is a moderate business | Sure to be introduced with respect to the Scotch and Lrish banks, domg. Consols have been 994 § for money, and 995 buyers and sellers alternately, Which, viewing it in relation to the measure which was expected to for the aceount. Exchequer bills are firmer, at 58s to 60s premium. Bank stock has place the banking of the United Kingdom on an analogous fuoting, been firm at 2094 to 2lug. Tne new three-and-a-quarter per cents have been 101} to we must consider it as a practical abandonment of any such intention. 101, and the three per cents 983 to 918. The foreign securities have been very quiet. | The bill of the last session Spauish five per ernts “ave been up to 31 and 314, and the thice per cents have been provided that no further banks of issue called 41 to Mexican have touched 374 and 38. Povtuguese converted are 66g to should be established in Scotland or Ireland ; it is now proposed to 674. Duteh tvo and.a half per cents have been 634. d | Confine the issues of the existing banks to their present amount, tak- COMPARATIVE EXCHANGES.—The premium on gould at Paris is 174 per mille, which, | ing an average of the quarter including the “ Winter at the English mit price of 3/178 10)d per ounce for standard gold, gives an exch: nge term ;” that the of 25 59; and the exchange at Paris on London at short beiwg 25 774, it fullows that | bankers shall be compelled to hold bullion to the amount of one-fifth gold is 0°72 per cent dearer in London than in Paris. —By advices from Hamburgh the | of their circulation, and that they may iucrease their eirculation to price of gold 1s 4964 per mark, which, at the E-glish mint price of 3/ 17s 104d per pee 13 10g, avd the exchanwe at ry ; on any extent by adding one-fifth to their amount of bullion. f rstandard gold, gives »n exchange of |. the only change in L ndon at short being 13 12, it follows that gold is 0°57 per cent dearer in Low oom yo the existing state of things, therefore, will be in Hamburgh.—The course of exchange at New York on Londen és 110 "4 nf eeee | Independent of the restriction of last session against the establish. the par of exchanue between England and America being 1(9 23-40 per > : y ha as | ment of new banks of issue, that each bank sha | always retain bullion that the exchange is 0°43 per cent in favour of England. But the ~ os ine om to the extent of one-fifth of its cireulation. New York being fur bills at 60 days’ sight the interest must be ad On what ground we are difference. eee ee ee ee ee 376 THE ECONOMIST. [April 19, Che Bankers’ Price Current. Foreign Stocks, &c. ~~ English Stocks, &e. PRICES OF FOREIGN STOCKs. j } PRICES OF ENGLISH STOCKS | Sat | Mon} Tues Wed Thur| Py aa reeset cine iiieameadl a ri Sat Mon Tues Wed | Thur Fri Austrian Bonds, 5 per cent. 10 gu. p. £ st. | ae 2 ass >’ to’ iy —_ — ae pee enna Belgian Bonds, 5 percent ... ee wee a ie 15} — | Brazilian Bonds, 5 per cent ... eee — 874 87 i ee _ Bank Stock, 7 per cent o» 210 x d 2095 10 (2098 10} 210 2093 104210 xd Ditto New, 5 per cent, 1829 and 1839 _...| Lo | om cant Ah oe _ $ per Cent Reduced Anns, «98 74 984 1988 2 (98g «= 98t B 98A Cite, oe el ee bee | tL 3 per Cent Consols Anns, oe 99 8h 998 j992 oof 99% 4 994 Buenos Ayres Bonds, 6 percent «. a ie — |42 408 } — 3 per Cent Anns., !726 ore oor. — Pe | oe | le Cuba Bonds, 6 per cent ee eee oe = es ve 23 [433 34 per Cent Anns. oon eos LOMG 101g 4 |1014 g /101 101g f nat ; Chilian Bonds, 6 percent... oe eco] = — i989 ae i ee - New 5 per Cent... ane oe 7 — — a 7 = Ditto 3 per cent deferred . — 532 ‘hi io eee - Long Anns. Jan. 5, 1860 «Il 11g Ng i113 lls ny Columbian Bonds, 6 per cent ex Venesucla Log 15g a3) — = Anns. for 30 years, Oct. 10,1859 11 _— = hy By 3 ce li Danish Bonds, 3 per cent, 1825 sot .88 § 883 | = ex ) = 6 Ditto Jan. 5, 1860 113 f= fig iil 11g mm Dutch 24 per cent. Exchange 12 guilders .. | — aa - Ditto Jan. 5, 1880 - - | — | — - Greek Bonds 1824-25, 5 per cent... | = ie aie io (658 ~ India Stock, 104 per Cent one'277 9 _ 2763 G6 |276 7 (|276 j— Ditto ex over due Coupons S Be ee - ome Do. Bonds, 3 per Cent 1000/73s pm 71s pm — (7is pm _ —_ Mexican 5 per cent, 1837 ase eee eae bg 8 a ag 4 ‘364 ta 36 - Ditto under 1000/ ... 748 ls p _— — {7lspm 74s pm 74s pm Ditto Small - ee ie sea i amar F a" : 30 4 304 8 | South Sea Stock, 3) per Cent... _ — | a | a _ ane Ditto Deferred Stoe k, 5 per cent... | = " axe oui? Fe Ditto Old Anns., 3 per Cent — — lone \973 974 97% 3 Ditto Debentures nes ose co) — | == am 5 me 179184 Ditto New Anns.,3perCent — | — [98 98g : one Peruvian Bonds, 6 per cent ... ove 000/32 i wo '31z es - 8 per Cent Anns., 1751.. a —_ —_ | _ — _ Portuguese Bonds, 5 per cent oes PT ee 864 2k om | Bank Stock for Acct., May 27 214 — _ —_ 211 { Ditto Converted... eee eee +65 3 165 6 (653 663 5) a es {88 3 p Cent Cons. for Acct »May 2799 84 994 § 993 998 998 § (993 Ditto Annuities, 1855 " ae | cae

... L. ' » 8 a ee 1,090,000, 6 prcent Bank of Scotland ... eee loo 0 0 174 % cent a rs | — ti 2,000,000; 6 — Royal Scotland one one esol 1100 0 0 1684 Alabama... ” = ye 1852 500,000|/Mav and Nov. 15 500, 000 8 — British Linen neeee vee veel 1100 0 0 2928 om is oe Sterling 5 1858 2,000,000\Jan. and July | i 600,000, 6 — |Commercial . ove ove ove} 100 0 0 170 co 5 1863 3,500,000] May and Nov. ff } 500, ooo! 6 — (‘National ose ose | 110 0 O 15212s6d ; (1861) oe }} 1,000,000) 74 — (Union Bank of Scotland ove ove} 50 0 0 97 Indiana ... on ow (5 11866 f 1,600,000\Jan, and July |354 1,000,000; 6 — |Western a ios ciel oe ; 50 0 0 ate Us — ove eee Sterling 5 1861 1,000,000} — } | 300,000; 6 — (North of Scotland ... an eee} 5 0 0 | 7/2s6d | Illinois ... oss ake vw. 6! 1870 5,000,000 is lea | 500,000; 6 — (Clydesdale ... ace eve ees] 10 0 0 147 1! sd an ove oo Sterling 6 1870 1,000,000] —_ | i 600,000) 3; — Eastern eve ove evs oes} 110 0 O 11217s6d Kentucky we ie a 1868 1,250,000] a 1101 75,000) 6 — (Caledonian ... ae on | 1 210 0 31 15s 0d pore pen 4 a Sterling 5 1848 1'800,000 1,000,000, 5 — (Edinburgh and Glasgow ... cool | 5 © 0} 72886d ee 5 1843 ce ne \ | | 656,260, 5 — (|CityofGlasgow.. me | 815 0 1415s 1844 Shares | |_ INSURANCE COMPANIES | Shares | | (isaz] 250,000, 5 — (Scottish Union ose eee o-| £20 | 1 0 O| ll4ds6d — ~ | 4 1850 7,000,000! Feb. and Aug.| 7,500, 7 — (Hercules ose --| 100 110 0 0 14238 0d 1x52) | 76, 000, 5 — (Insurance Company of Scotland ove 10 | All paid 10/ aig 5 1853 150,000! May and Nov.| 50,000 O — North British ove eee «| 200 10 0 O 2713s 6a oun 6 1867 300,000} April and Oct.! 1,500, 10 =— |Caledonian Fire... - | 100 | 10 0 0} 2420s Maryland... one eco oo 5 | 1859 750,000| April and Oct.! 5,000, 6 — (Edinburgh Life poe eae oes 100 10 0 0 191 siaes a oe Sterling 5 1888 3,000,000’ Jan. and July'68 | < Massachusetts ... ‘ae eis 1857 1,000,000 Jan. and July i JOINT § S Toc K BANKS. nee i ee Sterling 5 L868 300,000 April and Oct. © — 5,000,000 Jan, and July ae eee Friday evening. Shams Paid | Price Michigan... ae “st coe } | teat | - ~ share Mississippi ove Sterling 5 | Is } 5,000,000 May and Nov. 5 i | .. BO 4 186] | ; | 22,500 | 82 perct | Australasia 2 om 40 mo 6 .8t ~~ _ 6 1866 2,000,000 Mar. and Sept. ; a }| 20,000 | 47 per et | British North American...... 50 5000} — te ; . 2 i 5000 | 6/ perct | Ceylon ese on 25 {20 © 0 cm New York ai ins wo * 1858 3,124.270, Quarterly (90 102 & ' 8000 —_— | County of Gloucester Bank «. 100 6 6) = s | f 1855) 877,000 ae | : s | _— 5i perct | C ommercial of London ... ee! 100 20 0 Of 22 aa | 118605 pee } = 20,000 | 52 perct | Colonial ... ove — eee} 100 23 @0i = Ohio oo ove ooe uo 1850 4,000,000 Jan, and July ; 4000 | 62 perct | Tonian eve oe ooo} 25 300) — . | £1856 : 9 40,000 | 62 per ct | London and Westminster «100 20 0 ; 274 = 6 A 1860} #,000,000) _ o -F 60,000 | 6/ per ct London Joint Stock a oon 50 10 0 of — Pennsylvania ... ous oo §& 1854 | 3,202,500 Feb, and Aug. \ _ _-_ — Metropolitan ove ove ove 25 7%) ol — - 5 1856 | 2,733,162 _ | 40,000 | 82 perct | ProvincialofIreland ... «+ 100 s+ 0) =~ -- 5 | 1858 | 3,070,661 = | 763 20,000 | 82 per ct | Ditto New eco ove 10 “font _ 5 1860 | 2,648, 680 — } 20,000 | 5/7 per ct | National of Ireland ii 50 17 10 0 — —_ 5 1862 | 2,293,400 _ 10,000 | 5/ perct | National Provincial of England 100 Coe can ~- 5 1864 | 1,700 000 _ | 10,000 | 52 per ct | Ditto ee on - 20 mw 661. ww. South Carolina, Baring’s oa * 1866 £200,000 Jan. and July | 10,000 _ — | Northamptonshire Union ove — | 0006 _ United States Bank Shares ... 1866 | 35,000,000 - lids 58 21,500 _-_ nee gpg coer ove 50 Oy AS) seen iF Ap. ) | 10 ‘| 21,383 o | 52 per et | West {Wiis of pistriet England and ‘South \ 2 Sas |1210 0) | — Do. Debe ebentures s 6 6 Lissa) 1841 £ 800,000 April I and Oct.; | 20,000 | 62 per ct Wilts and Dorset one “ x Soe Bank of Louisiana ose oo 8 1870 4,000,000 Jan, and July, 20,000 — — | Union of Australia nae fe 25 25 00 as (1860) : 10,000 —_ — | Ditto Ditto ove oo 210 0 _ New York City ... ove ee | J isse 4 9,600,000' Quarterly | po 60,000 | 52 perct | Union of London ove wo 50 1|10 00) — 1851 i | New Orleans City oes oe 6 1864 250,000 Feb, and Aug.) ae re _ 5 | 1863 1,500,000 Jan. and July, 00 PRICES OF BULLION. Philadelphia City es 5 1863 175,000,May and Nov.| | Foreign Gold in bars, (standard) ...... sscsccesssesecsesessesssesecessesens Perounce£3 17 9 Camden & Amboy R. Bead 5 1864 £210,000) Feb. and Aug.) fee Cn COU OR, NROUIE WORD - ssc sronstusescesibenentssistescnsterensactnensens 8 1F § Phil. & Reading R. R. Bonds | 1860 | £210,000} - Bilver im bare, (etamdard) ....c0ccccsescsccvececccccescccccccccesesccoosvecssccscsccscccenses O O © Exchange at New York 1093. SS ———————_____ I»: | 1845. | THE ECONOMIST. 377 — Corn Markets. extensive and of fair average ——. The supplies on TALLOW. offer killed in the metropolis have proved moderately Boroven, Mowpay, April 14.—This market is still good; yet, on the whole, an improvement must be re- April 14.—The arrivals very dull, and prices are on the decline, both on the spot Conw Excnance, Monpay, ported in the demand for all descriptions of prime meat short of every thing but malt; the and for the autumn. The delivery for the past week is during last week were at full prices. In other kinds rather more business has several cargoes of Dutch oats. a fair average one, compared with that of the last four east wind brought over been transacted at late rates. Several carcases of foreign Essex, but large from or five years. It is quite impossible for us to give an This morning @ short supply from beasts have been brought forward; the quality being at last week's prices. Barley opinion as to prices of tallow for future delivery ; the Kent. Wheat dull sale good, they have produced full currencies. very extraordinary changes now in progress in the very dull; no demand except for grinding. Oats sell ra- 30,000 metropolis, in the manufacture and composition of ther more freely, for though we have had nearly Fripay, April 18.—We had rather an inactive de- last three months, our stocks are short, mand, at barely previous rates. candles, preclude us from venturing a statement on this qrs a week for the point. New Y.C. is 38s to 38s 3d sellers. Town tallow, the country demand having been unusually great, as well At per stone, by the carcase. as the town consumption steadily increasing. Beans and ay @ sdes:d 38s to 39s net cash. pease firm. Flour dull as possible. Beef, inferior...2 4 2 6 | Mutton,inferior2 8 2 10 Particulars of Tallow. BRITISH. PER QR. — middling ..2 8 210]— middling..3 0 3 4 1842 1843 = -1844 1845 Casks Casks Casks Casks Wheat, Essex; Kent, Suffolk, white...40s 473 53s extra 54s — prime large2 10 3 2] — prime...... 3 6 3 10 red ... 40 4548 .. 50 — prime small) 4 3 6] Pork, large.....2 10 3 6 Stock this day ...... +0..0. 24004... 18376... 22235... 21146 Cambridge, Lincoln, red ... «. 45 48 a Vealiccccccccccceee Sd 4 4 4] — amall.nw.3 8 4 O Delivery last week ...... 1251... 834... 679... 1268 Barley, English Malting,and Chevalier 32 — «. Lambs 4s 8d to 6s. Do. from Ist June ...... 92723... 83668... 76920... 77212 —— Jistillers English and Scotch ... 20 — a. Arrived last week ...... 26... 1241... 769... — —— Coarse forgrinding, feeding, &c 28 — «. Do. from Ist June ...... 98599... 82794... 80056... 79367 SMITHFIELD. Oats, Northumberland and Berwick ... 22 24) «. Price of Y.C...... 468 Od ...438 Od... 408 6d... 38s 3d —— Lothian, Fife, Angus eee coe 23 24 ave Mownpay, April 14.—In the past week the imports of ” cece we 468 3d ...438 6d... 418 0d... Os Od — Murray, Ross oes ove cece 22 24 ave live stock from abroad have consisted of about 50 oxen Price of Town...... 488 Od ...458 Od... 438 Od... 418 0d —— Aberdeen and Banff ese 21 23 ° and cows, by steamers, from Rotterdam. These arrivals having proved of very superior quality; although some of — Caithness 21 23 ee HAY MARKETS. — Cambridge, Lincoln, Yorkshire them were slightly affected with the epidemic, they have Thursday, Aprii 10. —Irish .. ooo ove eee ee te i tw to * commanded a steady inquiry, at improved currencies, — English—blac ove ove ne ww some of them having changed hands at 20/ per head. To- SMITHFIELD.—Coarse meadow hay, 3/ 15s to 4/158; —— Irish do ove eve ee: -ee oo 20 81 ese day we had on sale only 10 foreign beasts, the above im- useful ditto, 4/ 16s to 5/ 4s; fine upland ditto, 5/ 5s to — Potatoe, North., Berwick & Scotch 24 26 .. portations being mostly disposed of on Friday last. 51 14s; clover hay, 4/ 10s to6/ Os ; oat straw, 1/ 18s to 23 — -- Irish eve ove eee 22 23 Fresh up from our grazing counties, only moderate sup- Ws; wheat straw 2/ 0s to 2/ 2s per load. A moderate —— Poland, Lincoln and Yorkshire ... 24— .«. plies of beasts came to hand to-day, there being about supply; trade throughout firm, at full prices. Beans, Mazagan eee ove eco OL BB ace 200 less on offer than on this day se’nnight; while a de- CuMBERLAND.—Coarse meadow hay, 3/ Ifis to 4/ 16s; ——— Harrow eee eee eee oe 34 36 cided falling off was apparent in quality. The beef trade useful ditto, 4/ 17s to 5/ &s; fine upland ditto, 52 10s to was somewhat active, at an improvement in the curren- Small eee eee ove a i) eee PELEETEELECEEUEETES 5216s; clover hay, 4/ 8s to 5/ 18s; oat straw I/ 18s to 22 Peas, White ose eee eco «. 36 Boilers cies obtained on Monday last of 2d per Slbs, the primest ls; wheat straw, 2/2s to 2/ 3s perload. Supply ra- — Small Blue... eve ove 34 38 Larged0 50 Scots readily producing 4s to 48 2d per Slbs, at which a ther limited, and trade somewhat brisk. — Maple and Grey ove eee «+. 35 Dun 34 good clearance was effected. Flour, Townmade Households, per sack 39 41 The numbers of sheep were moderately extensive, yet WHITECHAPEL.—Coarse meadow hay, 3/ 16s to 42 153; useful ditto, 4/ 16s to 5/ 8s; fine upland ditto, 5/ 10s to Norfolk and Suffolk . » 22 38 a scarcity of really prime old Downs was noticed. The 51 158; clover hay, 4/ 10s to 6/ 3s; oat straw 1/ 13s to 23 Oatmeal, Berwick and Scotch, per ton... 121 to 14/ 0s mutton trade was, on the whole, active, at an enhance- FOREIGN AND COLONIAL. ment on last week’s figures of 2d per 8lbs—the primest 0s; wheat straw 2/ Os to 2/ 2s per load. Both hay and Free In bond old Downs realising 4s $d per 8lbs. straw sold steadily, at the above quotations. Wheat, White Spanish, Tuscan... From the Isle of Wight 76 lambs came fresh to hand High mixed Danzig — 58 — 38 per railway, while from other quarters the receipts were COAL MARKET. Mixed do owe — 54 — 36 moderate, The lamb trade was firm, at prices fully equal to those obtained on Friday. Monpay.—Adair’s Main, 16s—Buddle's West Hartley, Red Hamburg eve oe 48 52 _ — 16s—Carr’s Hartley, 16s—Chester§ Main, 15s 3d—Davi- Mediterranean eee —- = — 36 The supply of calves was small, yet the veal trade was son’s West Hartley, lés—East Tanfield, 14s—Hasting’s —--—— Egyptian... ove —- _ — dull, at barely stationary prices. In pigs we have very few transactions to report, and Hartley, 15s 9d—Holywell Main, 16s—Morrison’s Hart- Barley, Malting - ose ——- — _ — ley, 14s—Nelson'’s West Hartley, 16s—New Tanfield, 14s —— Distiller’s oes eve —- _ — the quotations were with difficulty supported. — Grinding ove ose oo. 22 28 — Per 8lbs to sink the offals. 6d—Old Pontop, 14s 6d—Ord’s Redheugh, 13s 6€—Pon- Oats, Polands ... ove eee —-—- = 20 21 Coarse and infe-s d s d| Pr. coarse wool-s dead top Windsor, I4s 6d—Potts Primrose, 14s—Shipcote —— Feed ons ane ove —- _ rior beasts ...2 6 2 10 led sheep...... 4042 (unscreened), 138 3d—Smith’s Pontop, 13s 6d—Taylor’s Sec. qualitydo 3 0 8 41] Pr. South Down West Hartley, lfs—Townley, 15s—West Hartley, 15s ——- Do dried inthe straw, Riga, &c. 21 22 _ — 6d to 16s—West Wylam, 15s 6d—Wylam, l5s3d. Walls- Beans, Horse ... ove ose —- —_ — Prm. large oxen 3 6 310] outofthewool3 10 4 2 Egyptian eee eee ee 33 34 _ — Prime Scots &e4 0 4 2 dointhewool4 4 4 8 end: Bell and Brown, 19s 6d—Bell Robson, 15s 6d— Peas, White... eee eee on 8S 97 _ Lambs...... 0000. 4 8 6 O| Lrg.crse.calves3 3 6 4 2 Gibson, 17s—Gosforth, 16s 6d—Killingworth, 15s 6d— Flour, American, p.brl.196]bsnettwt — — — 19 Coarse and infe- Pr. smalldo ...4 4 4 Walker, 15s 6d—Braddyll’s Hetton, 18s 9d—Hetton, l6s— —— Canada do, do. 25 27 — _ riorsheep ...3 0 3 4) Large hogs...... 3 0 3 6 Haswell, 1%s 3d—Hetton, 18s 3d—Hylton, 16s—Lambton, 18s— Morrison, 15s 94—North Hetton Lyons, 16s—Rich- Corn ExcHanGe, Fripay, April 18.—The weather Sec. qualitydo 3 6 3 10| Nt.sm. porkers 3 8 4 0 Suckling calves 18s to 308; and quarter old store pigs mund, 16s—Russell’s Hetton, 17s 6d to 18s—Stewart’s, during the week has been chilly, and vegetation makes 18s 3d—Caradoe, 18s—Hartlepool, 18s 9d—Heugh Hall, slow progress. The arrivals of home growth are princi- 16s to20s each. Beasts 2,796; sheep and lambs 27,730 calves 92; pigs 317. 16s—Kelloe, 17s—Leasingthorne, 17s 6d—South Kelloe, pally Irish oats which have been long on the passage. 17a—Trimdon, Barret, }6s—Cowndon Tees, 168 3d— The foreign arrivals are barley and a few oats, with a Fripay, April 18.—Although the supply of beasts on Eden Hartlepool, 17s—Maclean Tees and Witton park good deal of clover seed, oil cake, several parcels of tares, sale was extensive—nearly 600 Scots coming to hand mixed, 15s—South Coxhoe, 15s—Brynddwy hand picked, and linseed. Wheat sells alittle more readily at Mon- from Scotland, and 40 oxen and cows from Rotterdam, 2is—Derwentwater Hartley, 16s—Hartley, 15s 6d— day's prices. The malting season is over, and the finer all in good condition—the beef trade was steady, and Llanngennech, 21s—Lewis Merthyr, 2ls 3d—Powell’s ualities of barley are unsaleable, except at 2s to 3s re- Monday's advanced prices were mostly supported. The Duffryn Steam, 22s 6d—West Hartley Netherton 16s, uction on the prices of this day fortnight. Grinding go numbers of sheep were good, yet the inquiry for them Arrivals since last day, 229. off at nearly late prices, but the market is kept in check was firm, at fully previous rates. From the Isle of y the foreign supply. Of oats the Irish arrival has WepweEspay.—Adair’s Main 15s—Carr’s Hartley 16s Wight 60 lambs were received per railway, with fair -—Charlotte Main 15s—Clavering's Tanfield 13s 6d—Fel- checked the advance which would have taken place, but average arrivals from other parts. The sale was rather if the cold weather continue, we expect prices to rise, as ling Main 15s—Hasting’s Hartley 16s—Holywell Main active, at full quotations. Calves were in good sup- 15s 6d—Nelson’s West Hartley 16s—New Tanfield 14s cattle food of all kinds is scarce. Beans and peas firm. ply, and heavy demand, ata decline of 2d per 8 Ibs. Flour as on Monday. —Old Pontop 13s 6d—Ord's Redheugh 13s 6d—Old Tan- In pigs very little wasdoing. Milch cows sold heavily field 14s—Pontop Windsor 14s 6d—Townley 15s—West at from 16/ to 19/ each. Hartley 16s—West Wylam 15s 6d—Wylam 15s—Gos- ACCOUNT OF CORN ARRIVED IN LONDON, Supply at market: Beasts 1,113—Sheep 7,460—Calves forth 16s 6d—Heaton 16s 6d—Killingworth lis 6d— From April 7 to 12, 1845, inclusive. 219—Pigs 321. Newmarch l4s 9d— Northumberland 15s 6d—Walker Wheat Barley; Oats | Bean! Peas, Flour 15s 6d Wrickington — 14s 6d. Wallsend :—Brady!!’s English ...... | 3192) 4277) 861) 853] 127) 5957 POTATOES, Hetton 18s 6d to 18s 94d—Hetton 18s 6d to 18s 94—Hyl- Total previously | | | SoutHwaRk, WateRsipE, Monpay, April 14.—This ton I16s—Lambton 18s—North Hetton Lyons l6s 6d— this year ...... /106573 80956) 32527 19775 11666 92230 Pemberton 16s—Russell’s Hetton 18s— Stewart's 18s 6d— market continues to be abundantly supplied, but chiefly Hartlepool 18s 6d to 18s 9d—Kelloe 17s 3d—Sharp’s from the northern districts; there has also been con- BOON coccceceoses] coo | GOO] 2087] coo | ove | Tanfield 13s—Adelaide 18s—Barrett 16s—Eden Hartle- siderable arrivals from Arbroath, Montrose, and Aber- pool 17s—Evenwood 15s—Maclean’s Tees and Witton- Total previously deen—the potatoes shipped from these places are much this year...... 93 16132) 71351 91} 43) use inferior to those shipped in the vicinity of Perth. These park mixed 15s—Richardson’s Tees 15s—Seymour Tees 17s- South Durbam 16s—Tees 17s 94d—Hetton 15s 3d— samples, and also the second-rate Perth reds have been Mss saath piss a to one io 16 Hartley 15s 6d—Lianngennech 21s—Powell’s Duffryn Totalpreviously’ | and still are a complete drug, and they have been gene- Steam 22s—West Hartley Netherton 16s. Arrivalssince rally sold for the use of cattle at from 35s to 40s per ton, last day 52. this year 0.) .. | 475283779) ... ee 50 as there is more than sufficient of the best samples for the present demand. Notwithstanding the lowness of NOR ciceniod sus % a 8344/1915) 400sk ... our prices, the trade is very heavy, and 80s for the best Total Foreign) [ | OG tes Departure of Mails. previouslythis} York, and 55s for the best Perth reds, may be considered nominal. East Inpigs, via Southampton, on the morning of Year ....e0e000| 5742 16961) 5081) 6853) 366 3532 the 3rd and 20th of every month. York reds..... sve 458 808 | Kent & Ess. kid. ... 70s —s Perth do ...... +» 40 55 | Wisbeach Kidneys 65 70 MARSEILLES, on the morning of the 7th of every Grand total for 8 5973 month. the week ...... | 3192 5677, 14200 2768 527 bs ... Fifeshire do 40 45 | Doblues ...... 55 — Total of British -_——|-—_— Early Devons do... 50 55 | Do whites...... 50 55 Sypney, on the morning of the last day of every month. Previouslythis | | | Cornwalldo ...... 50 55 | Guernsey blues ...— 60 West Inpizs, on the morning of the 2nd and 17th of AVOAT see sseeee vee | 106666 97563 587657 19866 11711) 92280 Jersey Blues...... — 60 | York Pr. Regents 50 70 every month. Kent & Ess. whites 45 50 | Shaws do...... 000. 50 70 Total Quantity of all other kinds of Pulse and Grain. AMERICA, on the morning of the 3rd of every month Malt .s.s+4+6 9699 | Linseed... —| Mustardseed 225 from January to March. Ry€ seve —| Rapeseed... —| Seed vceveee 185 HOPS, Tares ...... 1065 | Brank ...... 250 Boroven, Monpvay, April 14.—The market is steady, Regular Steam Packets oe but business is not active. The holders, no doubt, must COMPARATIVE PRICES OF GRAIN. ultimately obtain the benefit of their firmness, for hops leave London for Weekly Averages by the Imp. Averages from the corres- must be bought, sooner or later, and will not be in large HAV RE—Sunday morning, eight o'clock. rir. from the Gazette of ponding Gazetteinthelast supply. BOULOGN E—Every day but Monday, according to -riday, April 11, 1845. year, Fri. April 12, 1844, Wheat ..... 468 5d Wheat ...... 553 5d Boroven, Fripay, April 18.—The announcement of the tide. Barley ..... 32 5 Barley...... 32 10 the failure of an eminent brewer has cast a great gloom CALAIS—Sunday, Thursday, and Friday, according | over this market: nevertheless, a fair amount of business a 4 OatBecrcccceceee BO } to the tide. BIO sccsiscrnne 99 6 RM mnnn DB 9 is doing in most descriptions of hops, at prices about equal to those quoted in our last report. OSTEN D—Sunday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Satur- Beans .. . 35 0 Beans «0.0... 30 11 day, according to the tide. CBS srecrssesree 35 7 POM wean SI. 8 Fine Sussex, 7/ to 8/ &8s—Ditto choice, 82 12s to 10/— morning, 11 o'clock ; Thursday, een a al a Kent, 7/ 10s to 9/—Superfine Mid Kents, 9/ 9s to 13/—~ ANTWERP—Sunday Superfine East ditto, 9/ 10s to 13/—Yearlings, 7/ to 8/ 10s. ROTTERDAM—Wednesday and Saturday mornings Provision Markets. nine o'clock ; Sunday, eight and 12 alternately. HAMBURGH—Wednesday and Saturday mornings RAW HIDES, SHEEP & CALF SKINS. i as BREAD. At per stone of 14lbs. Per skin, according to tide. ~ a ® prices of wheaten bread in the metropolis are from ain ere sdsd » d 8 to 794; of household ditto 5d to 64d per 4 lbs loaf, Best steers and Market calf...... 6 6 8 0 BIRTH. of the Rev. heifers ...... 5 6 510) Long woolled On the 10th inst. at Liverpool, the lady POE M NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL. Middling hides.4 8 5 4 BHEEP...0000-3 6 4 DO ton a as, April 14.—The receipts of country slaugh- ‘sch Februs at Bona Vista, in the Cape Inferior ditto ..4 2 4 6] Short ditto.....3 0 4 0 ~S o! a son. | ““Fed meat during the past week have been seasonably the Hon. Mrs H. W. Macaulay, and Pie iiiicinstsnimnienesisiniinniciieneteteenienmmnatienminamnpandnmmaian Lamb-skins, anita 12d snttiiie to 18d; Shearlings, sits esseagassciissutss 6d to 8d each Verd dase Islands,

eens 7 THE ECONOMIST. [ April 19,

UNDER THE At Kirby, Isle of Man, om the 11th inst. the lady of TATIONERY of EVERY DESCRIP- PATRONAGE OF « E J he Attorney-General of that island, of a sen, AND ROYAL FAMILY OF GREAT oat SEN” 13th. inst. TION at Manufacturers’ charges. Good letter pa- AND THE At Coleshill street, Eaton square, on the SEVERAL SOVEREIGNS ase the lady of Judge Downie of Demerara, of a son. per 3d per quire, ditto note 2d per quire, or 2s tid per COURTS OF EUROPE, 6d per quire, envelopes eight 2 MARRIAGES. ream, superfine foolscap for 3d, very best satin ditto eight dozen for Is. At the Wolvendab! Church, Colombo, Ceylon, on the dozen OWLAND'S Stocken’s patent binding pins Is per packet. Card plate MACASSAR oj, 0th of January, by the Rev. Dr J. G. Macvicar, the engraved in the must elegant style, including one hun- _This ELEGANT, FRAGRANT, Rev. John David Palm, colonial chaplain, to Louisa and TRANS dred very best superfine cards, for 5s. Envelope cases PARENT OIL, in its preservatwe, Ann, 8 cond daughter of R. J. Wells, Esq. of the Stock beautifying restoratir, — fitted from one shilling, travelling writing cases, dispatch qualities. for the Human Hair is Exchange and Peckham, Surrey. throughout un onan and work voxes, lower than any other house in London the whole world, It preserves andy ae At Raehill-, on the 10th in-t. by ‘he Right Rev. and the Aair, even at an | C. STOCKEN invites the Nobiiity and Gentry (previ- advanced period of life: ee Hon. the Lord Bi-bop of Carlisle, Sir Graham Graham from falling off or lurning ously to purchasing elsewhere), to inspect hi» elegant and grey; restores pet ian Moutgomery of Stanhope, Bart., to Alice, youngest original colour; extensive assortment of Iidies’ and gentlemen's dressing frees it from scurs and dandrif, renders os aughter of John James Hope John-tune of Annan- it soft, sedi cases from 10s 6d to 100 guineas: every article warranted, Ys curly, and glossy. dale, Esq M.-P. dantly proved by ~— Facts ‘ — money returned shou!d the goods not a swer the expec- innumerab e testimo: als, On the 15th inst. at Bineley, by the Rev. T. G. Fer- open for inspection which ow | tation of the purchaser. To be had at Stocken’s well- at the proprietors , rend, M A. rector of Tunstall, Suffolk, having been pre- is especiaily recommended For Ch re ee | known establishment, 53 Quadrant, Regent Street. as forming viously united according to the rites of the Roman Ca the basi A KEAUTLFUL HEAD tiwlic Church, Commander Crispin, of Her Maje-ty’s OF HAIR!!! _ Price 356d; 7s; Family Bottles yacht Victoria and Albert, to Caroline Busfeild Ferrand, A NEW DISCOVERY. F ed , (equal to 4 sr of Sc Ive’s, Yorkshire. cau bter of the late C. F. Bas- 10s 6d; and double that size 21s, nal) feild, Esq. of Cotuingley bridge. M® HOWARD, Surgeon-Dentist, 52 CavTion.—Each genuine hottle h ROWLAND as the words | DEATHS. Fleet Street, begs & to introduce an entirely ’ new S On the 7th February at Winterbourne, near Bristol, description of ARTIFICIAL TEETH, fixed without MAC ASSAR OIL engraved | Thomas Selby, E-q. late of the Island of Madeira. springs, wires, or ligatures. They so perfectly resemble 1 in two lines on the Wrapper; apper ; and or of the Wrapper : On the 29th ult. at bis residence, 150 Strand, William the natural teeth as not to be distinguished from the ori- nearly 1.500 times, container nT letters. Henry Chambers, Esq. Royal Marine Service, youngest ginals by the closest observer They wil! never change All others are Spurious {mitations, oo and lust surviving son of the late William Chambers, colour or decay, and will be found very superior to any Esq. many years officer to the Hon. Board of Ordnance teeth every before used. This method does not require ROWLAND’S ODON TO On the 10th inst. at his residence, Ward's house, the extraction of roots or any painful operation, and will OR PEARL DENTIFRICE. ’ Haeknev, William Vardy, Esq. aged 76. support and preserve teeth that are loose, and is guaran- A FRaGRANT W nire Pow DER, prepared from Orient teed to restore articulation and mastication ; and that On the 11th inst. from apop'exy, at the house of his Herbs of inestimable virtue tor presert ng a id be = Mr Howard's improvements may be within the reach of vo the TRET sae —~e eaulify- danghter, in Mary street, Hampstead rovd Matthias von ing the TEETH and sir: ngthening the GUMS the most econ mical, he has fixed his charges at the lowest It eradi Holst, in the 86th year of his age, the celebrated com- Cates tartar ‘rem the teeth, removes spots of inci rm poser of music. scale. Decaved teeth rendered sound and useful in mas- decay. polishes and preserves the enamel, impartin On the 12th inst. after a short illness, at his seat, tication.—52 Fleet street. At home from 10till 5 most the pure and pearl-like whiteness, and gives sweelness Eridge Castle, Sussex, the Right Hon. John Earl of and perfume to the breath. Scurvy is by iss means eradi. Abergavenny, aged 55 cated from the gums, and a healthy aciion and redness 4n the 10th inst. Andrew Loughnan, jun., Esq, at his are G OUT and RHEUMATISM.—The induced, so that the teeth (if louse) are thus rendered firm house in Bentinck terrace, Regent's park. I never-‘ailing effects of BLAIR’S GOUT and in their socke's. As the most + ficient and fragrant On the 12th inst. Michael Levy, Esq. of Haydon aromatic RHEUMATIC PI!tLS, in curing every description of cleanser of the teeth and gums ever known square, London, many years resident at Kingston, ROWLAND’S Gout and Kheumacism, has secured for them a celebrity ODONTO has for a long serivs of years occupied Jamaica, aged 80. unequalled by any medicine of past or present times. a dis inguished place at the {toilets of the On the 14th inst. at the house of his father, F. B SOVEREIGNS They not only give relief ina few hours, where the pa- and the NOBILITY throughout Europe Clive, Esq. in Grafton street, Lieutenant Colonel Clive, tient has been driven nearly to madness by the excruciat- while the general demand for it at once announces the Grenadier Guards, aged 51. CA CELT severest ing tortures of this disease, but restore to perfect health favour in which it is held by the publie at large. On the llth inst. aged 40, at his house, High street, | in an inconceivably short space: ftime. They are equally Price 2s 9d per box, duty ineluded Newington Butts, Mr £. Rout, many years of the firm speedy and certain in Rheumatism, either chronic or Cavution.—To protect the Public from Fraud, The of Hickson and Rout. acute, lumbazxo, sciatica, pains in the head or face, and, Hon Commissioners of Stamps On the 13th ult. at Bow, in the county of Middlesex, have directed the Pro- indeed, for every rheumatic or goury affection ; in fact, prietors’ Signature to be El] zabeth, relict of the late Rev. Dr Newman. engraved on the Government such has been the rapidity, perfect ea-e, and complete Siamp, thus On the 13th mst. Richard, eldest son of Richard safety of this medicine, that it has astonished ail who A. ROWLAND & SON, | Wade, Esq. of 3 Albany terrace, Regent's park, aged 22 20 Hatton Garden. have taken it; and there is not a city, town, or village in Which is arixed on each box. i At Naples on the 2d inst. Admiral Sir Ph lip Charles the kingdom, but contains many grateful evidences of | Henderson Calderwood Durham, G.C.B. aged 83. Bd” Beware of SPURIOUS IMITATIONS of each the benign influence of Blair’s Gout and Rheumatic article; | On the 14th inst. at her house in Henrietta street, none are G: ne Without the word “ ROW. Piils Solid by Thomas Prout, 229 Strand, London, LAND’S” on the Wrappers. | Cavendish square, Lady Stepney, widow of the late Sir and by most medicine venders in the kingdom. Price | Thomas Stepney, Bart 2s 9d per box. | On the 12th inst. aged 51, Mr Henry L’Hermitte of the Bel), Hotel, Leicester. SIGHT RESTOR ED—NERVOUS HEADACHE AND DEAFNESS CURED, i ATIONAL ASSURANCE and IN- | VEStMENT ASSOCIATION, No. 4 Lancaster | UNDER THE PATRONAGE OF HIS LATE MAJESTY, ADVERTISEMENTS. place, Strand, Londen. j H. R. H. THE DUCHFSS OF KENT, AND THE Assurance Department.—Policyholders for the whole | LORDS OF THE TREASURY. of life are entitled to the whole profits. | REGISTERED PURSUANT TO THE ACT For Investment, Shares are issued of Five Pounds; 7 & 8 Victoria, c. 110. also, reduced Shares of Five Shillings, desigued to en- GRIMSTONE’S EYE SNUFF G REAT BRITAIN MUTUAL LIFE able provident persons \o improve savings. WILL REMOVE ALL DISEASES Shareholders are not subject to calls, nor liable in re- I ASSURANCE. FROM 14 WaTERLOO Prace, Patt Mat, Lonpon. spect of policy claims. THE EYES AND HEAD. The Chisholm, Chairman. Agents wanted in towns where none are already ap- W. Morley, Esq. Deputy Chairman. pointed. few of the many thousand Testimo- John Brightman, Esq. James John Kinloch, Esq. The Prospectus and all necessary information may be 4 nials of Sight Restored and Deafoess cured by obtained at we offices of the A-sociation. Farncis Brodigan, Esq Henry “Lawson. Esq. GRIMSTONE’S EYE SNUFF :— James William Deacon, | Henry Penuy, Esq. WILLIAM CLARK, Actuary. FROM THE EX-VICE CONSUL AT NICE. E-q. | Robert Power, Esq. Alex. Robert Irvine, Esq. The Rev. F. W. Johnson To Mr W. Grimstone, 434 Oxford Street. John Inglis Jerdein, Esq. Vickery, A.M. RGUS LIFE ASSURANCE COM- S1x,—Having suffired many yeurs with pains in my {| Auditors—C. B. Rule, Esq —T. C. Simmons, Esqg.— 4 PANY, 39 Throgmorton street, Bank. eyes, my sight almost gone, even spectacles were of no George Thomas, Esq E:powered by special Act of Parliament, 5 & 6 Will use to me; morning and evening I saw, or thought 1 sam, Physician—Jobn Clendinning. M.D., F.R.S., IV, c. 76. hundreds of black phantoms dancing before me. Hear 16 Wimpole street. ing of the virtue of your Eye Snuff—of its power in te Thomas Farnecomb, Esq. Alderman, Chairman. storing the sight—I have used it for some time, and am Solicitor—Walter Prideaux, Esq. Goldsmiths’ Hall. William Leaf, Esq. Deputy Chairman. Bankers—Union Bank of London. happy to state aloud to the world the complete restora: Richard E. Arden, Esq. | J. Humphery, Esq Ald. M.P. spectacies; GREAT ADVANTAGES OFFERED TO POLICY- tion of my sight. I can read »nd write without William Banbury, Esq. | Rupert Ingleby, Esq. to the HOLDERS BY THIS INSTITUTION, it is next to a wiracle this discovery thus given Edward Bates, Esq. | Thomas Ke'ly, Esq. Ald. A large and immediate accession of assurances by the world. Accept, Sir, my best thar.ks for he relief ob- Thomas Camplin, Esq. {| Jeremiah Pilcher, Esq. transfer of the Policies of the “ Achilles British and Fo- tained. Iam your obedient servant, ; reign Life Assurance Society.” James Clift, Esq. | Lewis Pocock, Esq. F.S.A. J. De Maria, Ex-F ice Consul at Nice. Physician—Dr Jeaffreson, 2 Finsbury square. i PROFITS—The whole of the Profits divided an- Sheph« rd's Bush, Feb. 12, 1845. NUALLY among the members, after payment of five An- Surgeon—W. Coulson, Esq. 2 Frederick's place, Old W. H. Adams, Esq. General Post Office, St Martin's nual Premiums Jewry le Grand, Inland Department, cured of nervous deaf- Consulting Actuary—Professor Hall, of King’s College. An ample guaranteed Capital, in addition to the Fund having tried several very eminent aurists. Advantages of the Argus Life Assurance Company ness, after continually accumulating from Premiums, fully sufficient Oct. 9th, 1244. Low Rates «f Premiums. to afford complete security. ; Mr W. Calvert, wood engraver, 35 Tavistock street, | In addition to the subscribed Capital of 300,000/, the CREDIT—Credit given to Members for half the Covent Garden, cured of weakness of sight of long stand: | assured have the security of the Company's Income of amount of the first five Annual Premiums, without ing. Aug. 12, 1844. nearly 60,0007 per an: um, yearly increasing, and an ac- | security. Mrs Macgregor, cured of deafness, from whieh bolas cumulating Assurance Fund invested in Government and Credit allowed to Members for the whole of the first tig ov | other available Securities, of considerably larger amount | suffered for many years. Granton, Scotland, April | five Annual Premiums, on satisfactory security being | 1844. Witness, Mr Shuter, Kentbury, Berks. | than the estimated liabilities of the Company. | given for their payment. | F.R.S. This eminent surgeon The Rates of Premium are reduced to the lowest scale G. J. Guthrie, Esq See J. | Transfers of Policies effected and registered (without Grimstone’s Eye Snuff. compatible with the safety of the Assured and the stal strongly recommends charge, at the office. B. Lae’ field's letter. Claims on Policies not subject to be litigated or dis lity of the Company, thereby, in effect, giving to every Dr Abernethy used it, and !y that able » Physician it | policy-hol er an immediate and certain bonus without puted, except with the sanction, in each case, of a Gene- termed the Facultys Friend and Nurses’ Vade risk, in lieu of the deferred and frequently delusive pro- was ral Meeting of the Members. Mecum. F Au extremely low Rate of Premium, without partici- spect of a periodical division of profits. Dr Andrews also recommends its use as @ ere Annual Premium to Assure 1000. ane pation in the Profits, but with the option, at any time See his Reports in Noy. 1831. He states that within five years, of Paying the difference between the Age. "| For one “year. For seven years. Whole te rm. cious sympathy of the membrane, : within > the Eve nosir Snuff, Reduced Rates and the Mutual Assurance Rates, and it} ryot stem, that Grimstone 5 Ey ne | with the nervous system, t vreatest benefit thus becoming Members of the Society and entitled toa L s a L s ad L s d when frequently taken, must > : \ be of the > ts universal Lb | full participation in the Profits. 2 | OW 8 0 19 1 I 11 10 to the consumer; and further rec mmends 18 | i Extract from the Reduced Scale of Rates, for an As- 30 1 1 8 } 1 27 2 0 7 adoption as a preveutive sd many cases } ; surance of 100/. for One Year, Seven Years, and the Dr Thomson of Hatfield having witnessé 40 1 5 0 i 1 6 9 2 410 has kindly | | whole Term of Life. of cure, both of headache and ophthalmia, 50 | mad | 1 19 10 4 oll | 60 3 2 4 3 17 0 6 010 given his testimony thereof asa tae ANNUAL PREMIUM. | acs. | ___ : a G. W. M Reynolds, editor of ¢ hambers 2 “ and ONE YEAR, |SEVEN YEARS. WHOLE LIFE. One-third of whole-term Premiums may remain un- Journal, &c. &c., relieved of excruciating pab “aaah | paid at5 per cent comp. int. as a debt upon the Policy can now write without spectacles. 36 Stamford sm | » « € i cs € 2 s @ for life, or may be paid off at any time without notice. ~ Blackfriars’ road, 3d Oct. 1842. 58 and | 95 4d, 4s 4d, 20 2°. : eg 113 11 In Assurances for advances of money, as security for Sold in canisters at 8d, 1s 3d, iat feo 133 221 debts, or as a provision for a family, when the least 15s 6d each. the General | present outlay is desirable, the varied and comprehensive Any quantity can be forwarded through th pe with | i 40 i 6 @ eS 216 4 Tables of the Argus Post by sending money orders. A 2s 4d — , 50 115 9 21 6 4 111 Office will be found to be particu- 60 33 58 317 O 6 8 3 larly favourably to the assured postage, will cost 3s, and so on in like proper Oxford A Board of Directors, with the Medical Officers, attend All letters addressed to W. Grimstone, London. Full particulars are detailed in the Prospectus. daily at a quarter before 2 o’clock. street, and 24 King street, Long Acre, A. R. IRVINE, Managing Director. EDWARD BATES, Resident Director. | Herbary, Highgate. a. ———— ee ee wn

1845. ] THE ECONOMIST. 379 LOAN FUND LIFE| ]PERCHANT', TRADESMAN’, and SILVER SUPERSEDED, ATIONAL GENERAL MUTUAL LIPE ASSURANCE injurious metals ASSURANCE SOCIETY, 26 Cornhill, London. BENEFIT SOCIETY. ND those corrosive and —Capital 500,000/,—Empowered by act of Parliament. and NATIONAL by Chief Offices—5 CuaTHam Piace, Lonpon. called Nickel and German Silver supplanted This Institucion offers many important and substantial of a new, and perfectly matchless Trustees—Quauries Harris, Esq. ; Ald.Sir John Key, Bart. ; the introduction advantages with respect to both Life Assurances and T. R. Kemp, Esq. Deferred Annuities. The assured has, on all occasions, ALBATA PLATE. ADVANTAGES of the Merchant's Insurance Society :— (late Alderman), 41 and 42 Barbican the power to borrow, without expense or forfeiture of the 1. Moderate Rates of Premium, and an Ample Security C. WATSON Policy, two-thirds of the premiums paid, (see taule); also and 16 Norton Folate, aided by a person of science in Fund. the amalgamation of metals, has succeeded in bringing to the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion of his 2. Premiums received monthly, quarterly, half yearly, beautiful article ever yet offered, interests to meet other conveniences or necessity. Assu- pu blic notice the most rances for terms of years are granted on the lowest pos- or yearly. | yossessing all the richness of silver in appearance—with 3. The application of the principles of the Bengrrr perfect sweet- sible rates. | fi its durability and bardness with its Society and Sick CLus to the Middle Classes, in con- {| ness In use—undergoing as it does a chemical process, by DIVISION OF PROFITS :— nexion with Life Assurance and Deferred Annuities. | which all that is nauseous in mixed metals is entirely The steady success and increasing prosperity of the | 4 The benefit of being able to BonROw two-thirds of extracted—resisting all acids, may be cieaned as silver, Society has enabled the Directors, at the last annual in- the premiums paid, after the expiration of three years. iI for the table and and is manufactured into every article vestigation, to declare a second Bunus, averagi g 60 per 5. A liberai system of Loan, on satisfactory personal | sideboard. cent on the amounts invested on each «+ olicy effected | security. j ALBATA PLATE, on the Profit scale. 6. Crerit given for half the first five yeors’ premiums, EXAMPLES: 7? Three-fourths of all Deferred Annuity Premiums ; ~ Very RETURNED in case of death before the age stipulated, ' Good . ’ i demain | Albata Plate’ Fiddle ,, Strong Fiddle | Threaded; King’s | | g s = § Sum the 8. Division of Profits every five years, to be applird either 1 3 s Bonus ae S Se ; assured in the reduction of future Premiums, or in addition to | <> | 8 | 2 | added h -o°2. may the sum assured. Table spoons s @ s d sd le da } | £ cash /— 2 4, borrow on 9. CLaims payable in three months after the proof and forks ... 16 6 doz 21 0 doz30 0 doz (35 0 doz | = | As Policy of death; and 10/ per cent on the amount insured may Dessert spoons be received immediately, if required. and forks... 126 — 166— 2950 — 280 — jl Lsd Lb sdusd sd L d 10. Female Lives insured at Premiums considerably | Teaspoons... 56—' 80— 136 — ‘136 — 11837170 93775112 39) 346 23 | lower than that of Ma/es. | Salt spoons...| 60 — 12 OgiltIs ¥ —- ‘180 — 60,100074 3 4 18388 144 22645 6'9 164 296134 Premiums for the Assurance of 1001 :— | Eggspoons...| 70 — 15 0 — 1% 6 gilt 2413 6 gilt 24 1839116 16 051511' 7119 247 45 } | Mustard do...) 60 — 120— 1136 — [186 — Age. | With Profils. Age. | Without Profits. Gravy spoons| 36 ca 46a 7 Geach | 7 6 each The division of profits is annual. sauce ladles...| 3 Gpair 4 Gpair 76 pair 7 6 pair F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Secretary. | | Soup ladies...} 66 — 80— 110 — 1220 — | Ls d j Ls d@ | Sugar sifters | 3 6 ea — 5 deach 5 6 each 20 116 0 20 112 2 | Sugar tongs...| 1 3pair 1 9pair 30 pair | 3 0 pair WXTRAORDINARY! NEW CASES!! | 25 a Ce 25 lig 4 | Fish knives... 56 ea 8 6 ea 12 Geach 10 6 each 4 Attesting that here is HEALTH FO« ALL!! 30 | 259 30 2 110 | Butter knives 1 9 — _— 20 — = by HOLLOWAY’S PILLS, | 35 212 & 35 a -2 G AN ASTONISHING CURE OP A CONFIRMED 40 CE 40 217 2 | Skewers...... 4d inch — King’s & Threaded 6d LIVER COMPLAINT! | Mrs Mary Tanford, residing in Leather lane, Holborn, climates, or protracted voyages in distant parts of the Threaded | King's | | cose London, has been labouring for tive years under the | world, and to the corresponding sea risk the attention effects of a diseased Liver, which produced Ludiyestion, of the Society has been especially directed, and a most Table knives, with Al- 5s d s d sa Sick Headaches, Dimness of Sight, Lowness of Spirits, ; bata plate handies, extensive series of Tables formed, su as to grant WHOLE Irritability of Temper, Drowsine-s, Occasional Swellinys WORLD, OF FOREIGN POLICIES, to particular stations | and warranted sieel of the Body a: d Legs, with General “eakness and De- SRB iies resect ccvese ne 22 6 doz 5 0 doz 25 0 doz and risks, on the most liberal terms, | Dessert do. to match I 6 19 6 19 6 biliry. She attended the Hospitals at different periods, | Parties of respectabiity, influence, and energy, living for about three years, but she only got worse inst ad of | | Carver and fork ...... 8 6 pair 8 6 pair | 8 6 pair in any part of the Metropolis or the suburbs, or in the better, and her recovery at last appeared quite hopeless: | maritime or inland towns of the empire, are rm quired as but notwithstanding the very bai -t.te of herheaith, «he Agents, and will on application meet with every con- | CC. Watson begs the public will understand that this was, in about two months, restored to perfect health by | Metalis peculiarly his own, and that Silver is not more sideration. the means alone of this #ll-powerful and efficacious Me- Prospettuses and every other information may be ob- | | different from gold than this metal is from all others ; do dicine—HOLLOWAY’S PILLS. its intrinsic merit alone he wishes it to be tested, anis tained at the Office in London, or of any of the Provin- from the daily increasing eulogiums he receives, he n cial Agents. CURE OF A CASE OF GREAT DEBILITY OF THOMAS MUSGRAVE, Secretary. convineed that nothing can prevent its becoming a- THE SYSTEM, | article of univer-al wear, C, Watson's handsomel\y J//u | minated Catalogue and Price Currentis published, and Occasioned by the baneful influence of Mercury, and the "THE truly wonderful Cures of Asthma Families, who regard economy and elegance, should injurious effects of a long residence in Tropical Cli- and Consumption, Coughs and Colds, which are | possess them-elves of this useful Book, which may be mates, by Holloway’s Pilis. everywhere performed by DR LOCOCK’S PULMONIC | had Gratis and Post Free from the above address. ~ James Richards, Esq., a gent’eman in the East India WAFERS, have long established them asthe most certain, | Ivory Table Kuives 11s per dozen, dessert %s ; Carvers Company's Service, and who had resided for the last perfect, and speedy remedy in existence for al] Disorders | { 3s 6d per pair. seventeen years in different parts of India, where his con- of the Breath and Lungs. | 3§ inch handsome Table. Dessert. Carvers. stitution had become much impaired from the influence It is not possible in the limits of this notice to give any | Balance handle 18s doz l4s doz 6s 6d pair of the climate and the injurious effects of powerful and great number of the immense mass of testimonials which 14 inch Balance- frequent doses of that dangerous mineral, Calomel, | are constantly received by the proprietors. The following handle, largest which, together, made such inroads on his constitution will, however, be read with interest :— | and best made... 20s — ibs a 7s 6d — as to oblige him to return home to England, and on his ANOTHER SURPRISING CURE OF ASTHMA, | } Ditto with Watson’s arrival he placed himself for some time under the care The declaration of J. Wright, coachman to A. Spottis- i \ Albata Plate of a celebrated Medical Practitioner, but received no wood, Esq. Hockley, near Dorking, Surrey. handles, equal to benefit from that gentleman's treatment; he was then January 16, 1845. ee 20s 6d 188 — 8s 6d — advised by a fri nd (who had tried this Medicine) to go My wife laboured under an asthma for upwards of four | Forks half the price of the above through a proper course of “ HOLLOWAY’S PILLS,” years, she had the best advice to be procured, but without which he did, and in about f.ur months his formerly receiving the least benefit, but, on the contrary, she con- shattered frame was so completely invigorated as to en- FRUIT DESSERT KNIVES, with FRENCH tinued to get worse; her suffering from her breathing able him to prepare himself again for his immediate and cough was dreadful, and I never expected she could PORKS, of C. WATSON’S NEW ALBATA PLATE return to India, whither he will embark early in the (which is so rapidly superseding silver, in sets of 24 possibly recover. The first week she commenced taking coming spring of this year, 1844. This gentleman is now Locock’s Wafers she found more relief than from anything pieces, with ivory handles, 45s; carved ivory handles, residing in the Regent's Park, where he is well known, she had ever tried before; and she is now, I am happy to 50s; Albert pattern handles, 50s, if in mahogany cases, in consequence of his opulence and liberality. say, in the midst of winter, as fr& from cough or ailment 16s extra. The Establishments of C. Watson have | ranked pre-eminent for 50 years for their superior Table as ever she was in her life ; in fact, she is perfectly cured. IMMENSE DEMAND FOR HOLLOWAY'S PILLS I shall be happy to reply to any inquiries on the subject. | | Cutlery, the whole of which i- marked with his name IN THE EAST INDIES. | and address, and subject to exchange if not approved of. MORE CURES OF ASTHMA, CONSUMPTION, Extract of a Letier dated 20th September 1843, from COUGH, &c. IN HULL. Messrs S. Ferdinand and Son ( Agents for the Sale of Read the following from Mr J. C. Reinhardt, 22 Mar- | THREE PAPIER MACHE TEA TRAYS, 35s; a “ Holloway’s Medicines,” in the Island of Ceylon) ; ket place, dated January 9 1845 :— || setof three Gothic shape ditto (inc!uding the largest these gentlemen state,— GENTLEMEN,— Many and surprising are the testimo- || size) for 358; three Gothic shape japanned ditto, 25s; || three Sandwich shape ditto, 15s; and every article in All classes of people here are desirous to purchase nies of relief atYorded to confirmed cases of asthma and consumption, and long-standing coughs; and it will gra- \| Furnishing Hardware unusually low. Quality is here your WONDERFUL MEDICINES, and we regret that } tify me to refer tomany respectable parties who are really | the primary consideration, hence their uninterrupted we have now scarcely any left to meet the IMMENSE anxious to make known privately the great benefit they success for 50 years, and their present celebrity, as the DEMANDS that are daily made upon us for them. We have derived from this truly seasonable remedy. I enclose best and most extensive Furnishing Warehouses in inclose you a testimonial from J. Davison, Esq., the Su- | | London. perintendent of Lord Elphinstone’s Sugar Estate, at a testimonial of no ordinary value, as it is the genuine Caltura, Ceylon; and we can, if neces-ary, send you expression of a gratefr.] man’s feelings.—I remain, THE PATENT PARAGON CAMPHINE, abundant other proof., not only from the middling classes, J. C. REINHARDT. but also from the opulent and influential here, many of CURE OF COUGH AND COMPLETE RESTORATION OR SPIRIT LAMP. whom have derived immense benefit from the use of your OF VOICE, The New and Important Invention supersedes every invaluable medicine, January 9, 1845. other description of lamp, and possesses To Mr Remnvnarpt.—Sir,—Having been cured of a } the following Copy of a Letter from J. Davison, Esq., which is the same great advantages, viz .—The Light produced is equal to alluded to in the Extract of the Letier above. most obstinate hoarseness and cough (which for a consi- || Gas, but with a more agreeable briliiancy, and at an ex- derable time totally deprived me of the use of my voice) || Pense so trifling that it may be considered as nearly a Caltura, 7th Aug. 1843. by means of Locock’s Pulmenic Wafers; and having || Costless light. For cleanliness it cannot be surpassed, My Dear Sins,—Mrs Davison has received so much spent pounds in seeking relief, but all to no purpose, I | the Spirit being so pure that the operation of trimming benefit already from HOLLOWAY’'S PILLS, that I am scarcely know how to express my gratitude for the sur- Goes not soi) the fingers, and if spilt upon the finest arti- induced to trouble you for another supply, viz., an Eleven prising and sudden change they have wrought upon me. || Cle of dress it will not even leave astain This Lamp Shilling Box.— Your's truly, J. Davison, I feel the least I can do is to assure you it will give me may be used wherever artificial light is required, and can To Messrs Ferdinands and Son, Holloway’s Agents unfeigned pleasure to satisfy any one who favours me be fixed either to old pedestals or gas fittings. Itis quite for the Island of Ceylon, Colombo. with a call, as to the wonderful efficacy of these Wafers. | free from smoke or smell, having perfect combustion, (Signed) J. MEMELL. } }| and is not in any way affected by heat or cold, conse- Time should not be lost in taking this remedy for any No.7 Alicia street, Sculcoats, Hull. || quently suitable for all climates. The Parent Paragon of these Diseases :—Ague, Asthma, Bilious Complaints, The particulars of many hundred Cures may be had j Lamp is the only one that can be used with a straight Blotches on the Skin, Bowel Complaints, Colics, Consti- from every agent throughout the Kingdom and on the Con- ; Chimney, which not only renders it very simple for clean- pation of the Bowels, Consumption, Debility, Dropsy, tinent. d re: but prevents constant breakages from excessive heat. Dysentery, Erysipelas, Female Irregularities, Fevers of Dr Locock’s Warers give instant relief, and a rapid his splendid Light is equal to three Sperm Oil Lamps, all kinds, Fits, Gout, Headache, Indigestion, Inflama- cure of asthmas, consumptions, coughs, colds, and all tion, Jaundice, | Or twenty Mould Candles, and costs only Sixpence for Liver Complaints, Lumbago, Piles, Rheu- disorders of the breath and lungs. | ten hours, without any trouble after lighting. matism, Retention of the Urine, Sore Throats, Scrofula To Stxo#rs and Pustic SPeaKeEns they are invalu- or King’s Evil, Stone and Gravel, Secondars Symptoms, able, as in a few hours they remove all hoarseness, # |, Kept in every variety at ©, Watson’s, 41 and 42 Bar- They | ¥ican, and at 16 Norton Folgate. Tic-Douloureux, Tumours, Ulcers, Worms of all kinds, increase the power and flexibility of the voice. Weakness f om whatever causes, have a most pleasant taste. Other Camphine Lamps rendered smokeless, and Per- fected for Six shillings These truly invaluable Pills can be obtained at the Price 1s 134, 2s 9d, and Is per ‘box, by Da Sirva & each, by the Patent Paragon Ap- establishment of Professor Holloway, Paratus as above. near Temple Bar Co. 1 Bride lane, Fleet street, London, Sold by all (where ADVICE MAY BE HAD The Pure GRATIS), and of medicine venders. z and Odourless Lamp Spirit delivered to any most respectable Venders of Medicine throughout the CAUTION.—To protect the public from spurious imita- | Part of London by C. Watson’s carts, at 45 per gallon. civilized world, and at the following prices—Is 14d, 29 9d, tions, Her Majesty’s Honourable Commissioners have caused to be printed on the stamp outside each bex the ! Send for his ds 6d, 11s, 22s, and 33s each box.—There is a considera- ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE. ble saving by taking the larger sizes. words “DR LOCOCK’S WAFERS,” in white letters on a N.B.—Directions for the Guidanceof Patients in every red ground. If purchasers will attend to this Caution To be had gratis. rrr ee Disorder are affixed to each box they will be sure to get the genuine article. = aia

eA a THE ECONOMIST. [ April 19, 1845.

THE ORIGIN OF RAILWAYS. VICTORIA LIFE - OW SPINNING MILL and LANDS ASSURANCE com This day is published, price Is, PANY, No. 18, and _ its In the County of Fife, FOR SALE. Kove Witiiam STREET Cr y HE RAILWAY SYSTEM (No Auction Duty.) Directors, — AUTHOR. Ina letter to Sir Robert Peel, Bart. The well-known Spinning Mill of RUSSELL-MILL, Sir Jas. Duke, Ald., M. P., Chairman By THOMAS WILSON, Esq., Chev. de L’Ordre du which belonged to the deceased GEORGE Moon, with the Benj. Hawes, Esq., Deputy Chairman, Lion Neerlandais. Lands adjoining, will be exposed to SALE by PUBLIC Benj. Barnard, 11 Royal Exchange ; of Esq. John Knill, Esc London: Effingham Wilson, ROUP, within M‘Nan’s Inn, CuPAR, on Monday the 12th Charles Baldwin, publications and maps on Railways. Esq. Thomas Nesbitt F whom may be had all May next, at One o'clock. B. Donkin, Esq., F.R.S. John Nolloth, Esq This Property is beautifully situated, within two miles Aaron Goldsmid, Esq. of the County Town, on the River Eden, from which there Major-Gen. Robert } OM@OPATHY.—The REJECTED Jas, Law Jones, Esq. Daniel Sutton Fac am. is a plentiful supply of water-power. The work, which is J. L. Kettle, Esq. CASES, with a Letter to Tuomas WAKLEY, Esq., complete in every department, has six double wet spinn- O’B. B, Woolsey, iE THE ATTENTION M.P., Editor of the Lancet, on the SCIENCE of ing frames, or 960 spindles, for 2 to 3 lb tow yarns, and OF ASSURERS is sila directed to HOMC@OPATHY. By Jouw Epps. 590 spindles for dry spun yarns of different sizes, with the detailed Prospectuses of this Com calasty surances can Sherwood and Co., Paternoster row.—Price 3s 6d. carding engines, and other preparing machinery to the be effected on a profit or nen-gratt neat and for short full extent required ; and mechanics’ tools and utensils periods at a very moderate rate. W)} _ necessary for an extensive establishment. The Machinery the life of another, the Policy may be rendered _ = notwithstanding eee LF. PRICES—CASH. is of the most modern description ; and the buildings, which the life assured may £0 Out of th oe of Eurdpe i ee ae or ee oe oe Be ae sod consist of the Mill-house, Dwelling-house, Warehouses, without the necessary permission ofthe Dee tors having Black ue hoe GO. 4.3 6.4 6.4 €onts Ss Sheds, Stables, Houses for workers, and other accomoda- been previously obtained—this plan Policy oe Green ood 4...8 8...4 9.8 6..8 0...7 0 tion, are more than usually substantial. Indeed a more an absolute security. males Coffee ...0 9...0 10...1 0...1 2...1 4...1 Gandl 8 compact or desirable spinning concern is rarely offered for Credit of half the premiums for the first five years a). lowed One pound free to any part of town; six pounds and sale. on policies effected for the whol © term of life, Premiums may be } upwards free to any part of England. The Lands consist in all of about 34 Imperial Acres, aid annually, half-yearly, or quar- MANSELL and Co. 2 Bucklersbury, Cheapside. part of which is haugh land, having a plentiful supply of terly. water from the river and mill-lead, and admirably adapted Advances are made to Assurers on reg personal security, for A SUPERIOR AND DELICATE GRUEL. for an extensive Bleaching Establishment. 47 acres of ments. terms of years, on able ty Eee Land on lease, adjoining the Works, can be had by the pur- WILLIAM RATRAY, © OBINSON’S PATENT GROATS sur- chaser if required. The contemplated railway through Actuary and Secretary, pass everything of the kind for making a pure and Fife will pass ¢ lose to the Works. nutritious gruel. It is deprived of those unpleasant qua- Arrangements can be made with a purchaser for allow- In an Envelope, price 2s, by post 3s, lities which common gruel generally contains, and which ing a considerable part of the price to remain on the Works. \ AR RIAG E~(a Medical Work.) produce heartburn, and acidity of the stomach. Persons Further particulars may be learned, and Lithographic 4¥E By R. J. CULVERWELL, M.D, suffering with colds, also invalids and children, will find Plans procured, by application to Mr JAMEs AyToun, MRCS. &e Also, great advantage by taking it as their customary supper- Kirkaldy; Mr D. M. Apamson, Writer, 4 Broughton Companion to the same, price 1s, by post 1s 6d food during the winter months. place, Edinburgh; or Messrs DRuMMoND & MITCHELL, CHASTITY—its Abuses and Diseases (72 engravings) Sherwood, — CAUTION.—As many spurious imitations, under a Writers, Cupar. 23 Paternoster row; Carvalho, 147 Fleet " variety of names, supported by plagiarisms, and composed Kirkaldy, April 8, 1845. street; Hannay, 63 Oxford street; Mann, 39 Cornhill; | of unwholesome meals and compounds, are daily foisted and the . Author, ; ; 21 Arundel street, Strand. At hor ; on the public as substitutes, it is requisite, on purchasing, KS NERALS.—The EQUITABLE FU- daily till 2—Evenings, 7 till 9. , = to be particular in asking for “ Robinson's Patent Groats,” and toe see that each packet or canister bears the signa- - NERAL COMPANY, 84 Hatton Garden, Lon- don, has been established for the purpose of affording to ture of “ Matts. Robinson.” SILVER SPOONS AND FORKS, war- tobinson and Bellville, Purveyors to the Queen, sole the Public the means of obtaining, upon economical K ranted London made.—THOMAS WEST, manufacturers, 64 Red Lion street, Holborn, London, and terms, combined with respectability, the last ceremonies Work- ing Silversmith, 1s Ludgate street, St Paul's, bas now on to be had of all respectable Grocers, Druggists, and Oilmen paid to the departed, and to present the means of in- terment on such a scale of charges as may fall within the salea large stock of the best wrought SILVER SPOONS in Town and Country, in packets of 6d, Is, and canisters and FORKS, at the following low prices :— at 2s each. circumstances of every individual. The further object is to meet the just complaints against the heavy charges FippLe PATTERN, generally made at these obsequies, and to obviate the oz. 8.d. 2 a EAL GLENLIVAT WHISKY.—This difficulty long felt and endured, not knowing where to 12 Table Spoons ... 80 at7 2... 1015 0 12 Table Forks ... 30 7 2...... 1015 0 WHISKY, produced in Glenlivat, on the estate find a remedy. The public is, therefore, respectfully of the Duke of Richmcend, and so well known in Scot- solicited to apply to the Company's Office, 84 Hatton 12 Dessert Spoons. 20 7 2... 7 3 4 12 Dessert Forks... 20 72... 7979 3 4 land for the last century, is now introduced into London, Garden, for Prospectuses, containing the scale of charges under the patronage of his Grace. ANDREW USHER and every information for conducting Funerals of all 2 Gravy Spoons... 10) 7 2... 311 8 1 Soup Ladle ...... 0 T2uuss S11 8 and Co., of Edinburgh, the sole consignees, beg to an- descriptions to any part of England. nounce that they bave always on hand at No. 1 North- E. A. SANDERS, Manager. 4 Sauce Ladles ... 10 7 Bw... 316 8 umberland street, Strani, a large supply of this un- 4 Salt Spoons...... — — wee 1 0 0 IL Fish Slice....ccooe — = — eevee 2:10 0 equalled Whisky in its original purity and strength. The Richmond arms on the seal and label will distin- ATTLE of WATERLOO.—New Model, 12 Tea Spoons ...... 10 7 Beww 316 8 1 Sugar Tongs ... —-— — wi... O15 0 guish the Glenlivat from allothers. Price 21s per gallon. upon a very large scale, representing the splendid Charge, in the earlier part of the Battle, by the British VictoOrRiA PATTERN. A..U. and Co. have also on hand, in fine condition, on. 6 ¢. £ «s d. Edinburgh ales 7s 6d; East India pale ale 5s; and Heavy Cavalry under the Marquis of Anglesey, and by Prestonpans table beer 4s per dozen. the British Infantry under Sir Thomas Picton.—Egyptian 12 Table Spoons ... 40 at 7 6 we 15 0 0 Hall, Piecadilly. Open from 11 in the morning till 9 in 12 Table Forks ... 40 7 G6 sw... 15 0 0 the evening. Admission Is. 12 Desgert Spoons. 25) 7 Geweoe 9 7 6 TO THE CARPET TRADE. Described by Waterloo Men. 12 Dessert Forks... 25 7 Geo. 9 7 6 HE Royal Patent Victoria FELT CAR- 2 Gravy Spoons... 13) 7 6 «0... 417 6 The modeller has certainly been most successful in 1 Soup Ladle ...... 11 7 6 so. 4 2 0 PETING, made without spinning and weaving, placing before the public one of the most complete re- 4 Sauce Ladles ... 12 8 Ov... 416 0 having successfully overcome the prejudice created by presentations of a battle.— Times, Dec. 25th. £ Salt Spoons cece —— ———— aevene 0 competitors in other descriptions of Carpeting, and being 1 Fish Slice — wee 310 0 now honoured with the patronage of Her Most Gracious EA and PERRIN’S WORCESTER- 12 Tea Spoons ...... 14 8 O ssooe 5 12 0 Maysesty for its use in the royal palaces, the PATENT 1 Sugar Tongs ..— — see. 1 5 0 WOOLLEN CLOTH COMPANY, who are the sole ma- 44 SHIRE SAUCE is pronounced by connoisseurs The Victoria and Albert are quite new patterns, and to be “ the only good sauce” for enriching gravies, or as nufacturers, inform the trade and the public that their superior in style to any other. new and beautifulPatterns in Carpetings for the present a Zest for fish, curries, soups, game, steaks, cold meat, Gold and Silver Watches, very superior, are equally &c.; and its rapidly increasing sale has induced the pro- season are now ready for inspection, at the Company’s cheap. Warehouses, 8 Love lane, Wood street, Cheapside, where prietors to open a warehouse in London. The very Gold Chains and Jewellery at lower prices than ever general and decided approbation bestowed on this sauce the Company have alsoe large assortment of elegantly- offered. printed and embossed Table Covers, Window Curtains, having encouraged imitations, the proprietors have For the convenience of parties residing at a distance, Cloths for Coach Linings, Waistcoatings, Thick Felt for acopted Betts’s metallic capsules, on which are embossed T. W. has published a Hand-Book full of useful informa- Polishing and Gun Waddings, D’Oyleys, &c. &c. manu- the words “ Lea and Perrin’s Worcestershire Sauce,’ as tion, and containing 100 engravings, which may be had factured by the same process. The public, in patronis- a means of protection. Sold, wholesale, retail, and for gratis, and post free, on applying at WEST’s, 18 Lud- exportation, by the proprietors, Vere street, Oxford ing the Fe.t Carpeting, will obtain, and for one-half the gate street. price, an article superior in strength and durability to street; Crosse and Blackwell, Soho square; Barclay and .: ee either Kidderminster or Brussels. Sons, Farringdon street ; Metcalfe and Co. Southampton Manufactories—Elmwood Mills, Leeds; and Borough row; and by vendors of sauces generally. PATRONISED BY HER MAJESTY AND THE road, London. ROYAL FAMILY. EGISTERED PALETOT. N EEN FUN, the celebrated Curest THE BEST STEEL PENS. The new light Overcoat, Two Guineas, CosmMETIQUE.—The Ladies of the higher classes EORGE and JOHN DEANE have 114 REGENT STREET. of China, Japan, and Persia, have for ages been n for the exceeding delicacy of their skins, attributable to constantly in stock a large assortment of WIN- of a Cosmetique, until .recently preserved as an DLE’S CELEBRATED STEEL PENS, comprising OVERNMENT PROTECTION under the use hereditary and inviolable secret amongst a certain sect of not less than one hundred and fifty varieties, adapted to 6 and 7 Vic. cap. 65, for three years, obtained by the Chinese Priesthood, designated “ Teen-sse,”, oF * Ce- all the exigencies of Penmanship. Deane’s Two-hole H. J. and D. NICOLL, COURT TAILORS, 114 RE- lestial Doctors.” . s Black Pen, the very fac simile ofthe natural quill, is the GENT STREET, London, for their new introduction, Our recent extended intercourse with this nation has general favourite with the clergy, the legal profession, the REGISTERED PALETOT, which is a summer elicited many important communications respecting their and with merchants, bankers, and their assistants.— overcoat, light in weight, embracing the convenience and and customs; amongst the pumber, the Recipe George and John Deane, 46 King William street, Lon- comfort of the wrapper of tweed and its moderate price, habits of their long-hidden Cosmetique, called by them “ Meen don Bridge. without its inelegant and universally admitted common Fun,” or “Celestial Skin Powder.” This secret was dis- TW semen appearance. closed by a descendant of one of the Priests of the hg The material is of a peculiar softness, made expressly of “Teen Tan,” or “Temple of the Heavens, ATENT BELMONT MOULDS, 64d of the finest Llama Wool, and in its fashion is neither ple Charles Malcolm, Esq. M.D., for professional services. : per lb, of a dark colour, but burning without trop neglige ni trop habille, but whilst showing to ad- of this Cosmetique is, that the — #: snuffing, as well as the finest wax or sperm. The great value vantage the proportions of the figure, it cannot encumber herbaceous, the most delicats . PATENT BELMONT WAX AND SPERM, Is per dients being solely free movement, worn riding or walking; it will also, plexion can apply it without injury ; while we . lb, expected to be within a short time the only candles from the neatness of its form, admit its being used as a speedily experience beneficia ae Y used by the upper classes. and moist skins light Frock Coat—a desirable advantage in our warmest important feature is that of ~~ 4 . PATENT BELMONT COMPOSITES, 10d per Ib Another most summer months, or abroad where heat is found oppres- detriment to the sanatory condition of the = PATENT BELMONT SPERM OIL, purer than the without sive. H.J.and D. Nicoll, sensitive to the importance unpleasant sensation accompanying too cop finest animal Sperm, 4s per gallon. of that vade mecum—a moderately light overcoat in a the truly 4 | Any or all of these, as also the Price’s Patent Candles, perspiration. " to climate so changeable as that of Great Britain, would Travellers, and residents in wa rm climates, subject | and the Vauxhall Composite Candles, may be ordered not submit to the public the Registered Paletot till influence of tropical heat, will, ven & | through any dealer in town or country, and are supplied the inervating themselves satisfied of its being perfect, and that when moist and heated, experience — oth | wholesale to the trade in London by Epwarp Price skin becomes used a8 a pardessus, riding or walking, or as summer by resorting to this —— = it'wi ; & Co. Belmont, Vauxhall; Patmer & Co. Sutton street, frock, the above firm might pledge a reputation which, comfort allay and avert discoloration and coarseness. = | Cierkenwell ; and Wm, Marcnanrt, 253 Regent Circus, gained by matured skill and honoured by royal patronage, Sole Proprietors are FaBian & Co. late oe | Oxford street; in Manchester by Ricwarpson & RoE- is of some standing. This they can do with safety, as The & Co., 24 Mark lane, London; eee puck, Market place ; in Bath, T. & G. Butcner, 4 Saw their new introduction, they respectfully submit, will not Fabian, the Labels none are genuine. = Per- | close; in Cheltenham, by Matuews & Co. 400 High Signature on compromise that characteristic of an English gentleman Wholesale of them, and Retail of all respects Boxes, | street; and in Salisbury, by C. Sroxes & Son. —the unassumed neatness of his attire. As a wide ex- fumers, Chemists, $c. in Town and Country. In Parties wishing to try any of these articles, but finding tended sale is sought, the very moderate price of Two and 7s 6d ~ . eee 4 | difficulty in obtaining them, are requested to write to Guineas is fixed. Respectable firms will alone be treated price 3s 6d ' Epwarp Paice & Co. Belmont, Vauxhall, who will with relative to an agency for the sale of the Registered ! then send the address of a dealer whom they know to Paletot, to whom alone a discount can be allowed. Printed and Published by WILLIAM PoRTER, of Num || keep the Candles and Oil, or, should there be no such the office There being a large and increasing demand, many are ber 6 Wellington street, Strand, London, at | dealer in the neighbourhood, will take other measures to kept ready in the extensive warerooms. | furnish samples. 114 REGENT STREET. there.—April 19, 1845,