Ecologica Montenegrina 38: 215-226 (2020) This journal is available online at: www.biotaxa.org/em http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2020.38.31

https://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B0D7676D-1A36-4BBF-B8D8-531B0519D96B

On the of boisduvalii Herrich-Schäffer, 1854 (, ) species complex with description of a new genus and three new species

ROMAN V. YAKOVLEV

Altai State University, Lenina pr. 61, Barnaul, 656049, Russia. Tomsk State University, Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecology, Lenina pr. 36, 634050 Tomsk, Russia.

Received 10 December 2020 │ Accepted by V. Pešić: 22 December 2020 │ Published online 23 December 2020.

Abstract The article contains the description of a new genus, Davidlivingstonia Yakovlev, gen. nov. (Type species Zeuzera boisduvalii Herrich-Schäffer, 1854) and three new species: D. staudei Yakovlev, spec. nov. (Type locality: Zambia: Samfia, Mukushi, reg. Liubwe), D. prozorovi Yakovlev, spec. nov. (Type locality: Congo Belge, Congo River), and D. lenzi Yakovlev, spec. nov. (Type locality: Zambia: Ndole Bay, shores of the Lake Tanganyika). The new combination Davidlivingstonia boisduvalii (Herrich-Schäffer, 1854), comb. nov. is established. New records of D. boisduvalii for Benin, Burkina Faso, and Togo are provided. The article is illustrated with 25 figures of adults, male and female genitalia and distribution maps.

Key words: Biodiversity, Africa, taxonomy, fauna, Carpenter-, , Cossidae.

Introduction

The family Cossidae includes over 1200 valid species worldwide. The knowledge of the taxonomy of the group is currently rather poor, especially concerning the fauna of the tropical regions. Zeuzera boisduvalii Herrich-Schäffer, 1854 (Cossidae, Zeuzerinae) was described from Gatam (Sierra-Leone) (Herrich-Schäffer 1854: 58, Taf. 35: 167). Walker (1856) maintained the original combination and reported the species from Ghana (Ashanti). Dalla-Torre (1923) also mentioned this species in the original combination. A new combination boisduvalii (Herrich-Schäffer, 1854) was established by Gaede (1930), later Schoorl (1990) transferred the species to Newman, 1850. Although Yakovlev (2011) retransferred boisduvalii to Azygophleps, the generic combination remained tentative. The species was recorded in a number of African countries: Burundi, Cameroon, Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, South Sudan (Aurivillius 1905, 1925; Holland 1920; Fletcher 1968; Schoorl 1990; Borth et al. 2011; Yakovlev 2014; Yakovlev & Murphy 2013; Yakovlev et al. 2019; Yakovlev & Witt 2019).

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TAXONOMY OF ZEUZERA BOISDUVALII SPECIES COMPLEX

Examination of extensive materials of Afrotropical Cossidae deposited in several collections revealed that the specimens previously defined as Zeuzera boisduvalii represent a complex of species displaying morphological characters suggesting their placement in a distinct genus. In this paper a new genus, Davidlivingstonia gen. n. is established for Z. boisduvalii with the description of three new species.

Material and methods

Adults of Cossidae were collected using light traps. Male and female genitalia were mounted in euparal on microscope slides following Lafontaine and Mikkola (Lafontaine & Mikkola 1987; Lafontaine 2004). The adults were photographed using various digital cameras. The genitalia preparations were photographed using a Olympus DP74 camera attached to an Olympus SZX16 stereomicroscope and Tucsen H series digital microscope camera mounted on a Nikon SMZ1500 stereomicroscope. Abbreviations of the depositories used: ANHRT – African Natural History Research Trust, Leominster, UK; MNHN – Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; MRAC − Museum Royal of Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium; MWM – Museum Witt, Munich, Germany; MSW − private collection of Manfred Ströhle, Weiden, Germany; NHMO − Natural History Museum, University of Oslo (Norway); NHMUK (formerly BMNH) – The Natural History Museum (formerly British Museum of Natural History), London, UK; NHMZ – National History Museum of Zimbabwe, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe; RYB – private collection of Roman V. Yakovlev, Barnaul, Russia; TMSA (formerly Transvaal Museum) − Ditsong National Museum of Natural History, Pretoria, South Africa; ZSM − Zoologische Sammlung der Bayerischen Staates, Munich, Germany.

Taxonomical part

Davidlivingstonia Yakovlev gen. nov. Figs 1−23

Type species (designated there) Zeuzera boisduvalii Herrich-Schäffer, 1854

Description. Male. Moths of medium size. Basal half of male antenna bipectinate (rami three to five times longer than antenna rod diameter), distal half serrate (rami very short, as long as antenna rod diameter). Forewing elongated, ground colour pale creamy, wingpattern consisting of brown spots and short dashes throughout the wing surface. Hindwing short, light, without pattern. Male genitalia. Uncus triangular, apically pointed; gnathos absent; valvae simple, relatively long margins smooth, apex rounded; juxta scaphoid, with a pair of short leaf-like posterio-lateral processes; saccus long (at least as long as half of valva length), apically tapering; phallus thin, long, with wide flat basal section, vesica aperture in dorso-apical position, about 1/3 as long as phallus length, vesica without cornuti. Female. In wingspan 1.2−1.3 times larger than males. Basal half of antenna bipectinate (rami short, 1.5−2 times longer than antenna rod diameter), distal half serrate (rami very short, as long as antenna rod diameter). Wingpattern as in males. Female genitalia. Ovipositor short, thick; papillae anales conical, with ribbed notches on lateral surfaces; apophyses anteriores and posteriores long, equal in llength; antrum cup-like, short, poorly immersed; ductus bursae relatively short, narrow; corpus bursae small, sack-like, with small star-shaped signum bursae on lateral surface; thin ductus with small bag-like bulla seminalis projecting from lateral surface of corpus bursae.

Diagnosis. Externally, the new genus is reminiscent of the widespread Palaeotropical genus Azygophleps Hampson, 1892 (type species: Hepialis scalaris Fabricius, 1775), though it clearly differs from it and from

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YAKOVLEV the Afrotropical representatives of Zeuzerinae (Sinjaeviella Yakovlev, 2009 (type species: Sinjaeviella elegantissima Yakovlev, 2009), Strigocossus Houlbert, 1916 (type species: Strigocossus leucopteris Houlbert, 1916), Acosma Yakovlev, 2011 (type species: Acosma gurkoi Yakovlev, 2011), Aethalopteryx Schoorl, 1990 (type species: Phragmatoecia atrireta Hampson, 1910), Alophonotus Schoorl, 1990 (type species: () rauana Strand, 1909), Tarsozeuzera Schoorl, 1990 (type species: Zeuzera kochi Semper, 1896), Paralophonotus Schoorl, 1990 (type species: Zeuzera auroguttata Herrich-Schäffer, [1854]), Pseudozeuzera Schoorl, 1990 (type species: Duomitus biatra Hampson, 1910), Oreocossus Aurivillius, 1910 (type species: Duomitus kilimanjarensis Holland, 1892), and Eburgemellus Schoorl, 1990 (type species: geminatus Gaede, 1930)) by the fundamentally different configuration of the phallus. In all aforementioned genera, the vesica has a large finger-like cornutus. According to the phallus structure and in the very simple configuration of the male genitalia, the new genus is more closely related to the genera: Phragmataecia Newman, 1850 (type species: Noctua arundinis Hübner, 1808), Zeuzeropecten Gaede, 1930 (type species: Zeuzeropecten lactescens Gaede, 1930), and Wittoecia Yakovlev, 2020 (type species: Azygophleps brehmi Yakovlev & Witt, 2016). From the species of the genus Phragmataecia Newman, 1850 it differs by the robust, long saccus. Its closest relatives are the Ethiopian Wittoecia Yakovlev, 2020 and Zeuzeropecten Gaede, 1930 distributed in Madagascar and in eastern Africa, from those it differs in the very short lateral processes of the juxta, the gradually tapering saccus, the fundamentally different wingpattern (fine spots and dashes on the forewing) and the external feature (the narrow and long forewing). Comparison of the females of the new genus and the genera Wittoecia and Zeuzeropecten were not carried out in this paper as the females of the latter genera are unknown.

Etymology. The Genus is named after David Livingstone (1813−1873) an explorer in Africa, and one of the most popular British heroes of the late 19th-century Victorian era.

Species content. The new genus includes four species: D. boisduvalii (Herrich-Schäffer, 1854), comb. nov., D. staudei Yakovlev spec. nov., D. prozorovi Yakovlev spec. nov. and D. lenzi Yakovlev spec. nov.

Distribution. The genus is widely distributed in the sub-Saharan Africa from Senegal to Cameroon in the west and from South Sudan to Zimbabwe and Mozambique in the east.

Davidlivingstonia boisduvalii (Herrich-Schäffer, 1854), comb. nov. Figs 1−6, 16−17, 23, 25

Zeuzera boisduvalii Herrich-Schäffer, 1854: 58, Taf. 35: 167 Type locality: Gatam (Sierra-Leone). Type material: holotype (male) in MNHN, examined.

Material examined. Sierra Leone: Holotype (male), Gatam (MNHN); 8 males, Sierra Leone, Tingi hills forest reserve, 800 m, Singi-Singi Mts., ca. 46 km NE Koido-Sefadu, near Bandaperei (KONO), N8º 57.083, W10º 44.751, 11-15-IV-2010, leg. Rudloff (MSW); 1 male, Sierra Leone, Loma Mountains, farmland/forest mosaic, 420 m, 11-15.VI-2016, N09º07′47′′, W11º 05′24′′, leg. Takano, Miles & Goff, ANHRT: 2017.18, gen. slide No.: LG 5183 (ANHRT). Côte d'Ivoire: 5 males, 4 females, Touba, Biemasso, N08°04′19.9′′, W07°33′05.6′′, 441 m, 19.xi.2014, P. Moretto leg., ANHRT:2018.29, gen. slide No.: ANHRT 00039 (female); 1 male, Man, Mt. Tonkoui, N07°27′15.0′′, W07°38′12.6′′, 1200 m, 24−27.xi.2014, P. Moretto leg., ANHRT:2018.29, gen. slide No.: ANHRT 00038; 1 male, 2 females, Telo village, outside Sangbe NP, 415 m, N08°09′06.5′′, W07°23′53.5′′, 10-13.xi.2015, Aristophanous, M., Moretto, P., Ruzzier, E. leg., ANHRT:2017.16; 1 male, Mt. Tonkoui Peak, 1171 m, N07°27′15.2′′, W07°38′12.5′′, 1-8.xi.2015, Aristophanous, M., Moretto, P., Ruzzier, E. leg., ANHRT:2017.16; 1 male, Ivory Coast, Mt. Nimba, Yeale Village, 380m, N07°31ʹ35.3”, W08°25ʹ20.1ʹʹ, 18‒19.iv.2016, Aristophanous, M., Geiser, M., Moretto, P. leg., ANHRT 2017.17 (ANHRT); 1 male, Bomake, 3.12.1974, J. Hecq; 2 males, Abidjan, 1957, P. Dessart; 1 male, Bingerville, 14.06.1969, J. Decelle (MRAC); 2 males, Adiopodome, 1.1964, P. Griveaud (MRAC & MNHN); 1 male, Fekessedougon, 3.x.1977, leg. Dr. Politzar (MWM); 1 female, Bingerville, Nov. 1913 Gaston Melou; 2 males, Korihly, dec. 1938 (MNHN). Ghana: 1 male, 1 female, Ashanti Region, Bomfobiri Wildlife Sanctuary, 06°57'N, 01°11'W, 240 m, 26.11.2011, leg. Kovtunovich V. & Ustjuzhanin P. (RYB).

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Figures 1−6. Adult specimens of Davidlivingstonia boisduvalii (Herrich-Schäffer, 1854) and their labels: 1. Holotype (MNHN); 2. Male, Sierra Leone (ANHRT); 3. Male, Côte d'Ivoire (ANHRT); 4. Male, Guinea Konakri (coll. G. Müller, Freising); 5. Male, Benin (MNHN); 6. Female, Côte d'Ivoire (ANHRT).

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Cameroon: 1 female, Adamawa Region, Adamawa Plateau, 1246m, 7.3 km West of Bazanga, Chute de Tello, 07º13ʹ50.6ʹʹN, 13º56ʹ29.2ʹʹE, 24-30.ix.2018, Safian, Sz., Simonics, G. leg., ANHRT 2018.36 (ANHRT). Senegal: 1 m, Senegal, Richard Toll, 25.01.1976, H. Dumont (MRAC). Burkina Faso: 2 males, Bobo Douglasso, 18.v.1980, 5.x.1984, leg. Dr. Politzar; 4 males, Folonzo am Fluss, Comoe, 28.vii.1985, leg. Dr. Politzar (MWM). Guinea: 7 males, 2 females, Guinea Konakri, Macenta Prefecture, Ziama Forest, 550 m, Mt. Nimba, November 2016, leg. G. Petranyi, V.D. Kravchenko & G.C. Müller (coll. G. Müller, Freising); 1 female, Seredou, 15.xii.1959, R. Pujol; 1 male, Makeuta, 26.iv.1953, R. Pujol; 1 male, Mt. Nimba, Gouela, 5.vi.1991, Girard & Legrand col. (MNHN). Nigeria: 1 male, Kaduna, 25.v.1970, leg. Dr. Politzar, GenPr. Heterocera: 32.929; 5 males, same locality, 6.viii.1970, 22.v.1970, 28.ix.1970, 24.x.1970, 1.vi.1970, 5.x.1970; 1 male, Ikom, 26.v.1974 (MWM); 1 female, Jkom, 27−28.v.1974, leg. Politzar (ZSM). Togo: 1 male, Aretcaou, 16.xi.1978, leg. Dr. Politzar (MWM), 1 male, Ogoja County, Light, 18. Apr. 1963 (ZSM); Benin: 1 male, Dahomey, Waterlof, 1912; 1 male, Agouë, Abbe Menager, 1884 (MNHN).

Description. Male. Forewing length 12−20 mm. Forewing light-yellow with bright-brown, relatively wide transverse dashes throughout wing. Hindwing white or pale-yellow without pattern. Male genitalia. Uncus pyramidal, relatively wide, apically pointed; valvae narrow, distal margin semicircular, costal and ventral margins slightly arcuate, smooth; juxta wide with short leaf-like posterior- lateral processes; saccus very long (equal to valva in length) with parallel margins, gradually tapering in distal third. Phallus typical of the genus. Female. Larger than males, forewing 20−26 mm. Pattern analogous to that of male. Female genitalia. Ovipositor relatively short, thick; papillae anales tapering, with ribbed notches laterally; apophyses anteriores equal in length to apophyses posteriores; antrum cup-like, poorly immersed; ductus relatively short, thin; bursa small, sack-like, with small star-shaped signum on lateral surface; thin duct with small bag-like bulla seminalis projected from lateral surface of bursa.

Diagnosis. The species clearly differs from all other species of the genus by the bright brown wide transverse strokes on the entire area of the fore wing, the very long saccus (equal to the valva in length) gradually tapering in the distal third. The female genitalia differ from those of D. lenzi Yakovlev spec. nov. by the thinner ductus and the thinner and shorter ductus of the bulla seminalis.

Distribution. Western Africa (Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo). The species is recorded here for the first time from Benin, Burkina Faso, and Togo.

Davidlivingstonia staudei Yakovlev spec. nov. Figs 7−10, 18−19, 25

Type material: Holotype (male). “Zambia, Samfia, Mukushi, reg. Liubwe, 07−16.vii.2009” (MWM, GenPr Heterocera: 32.930).

Paratypes. Zambia: 2 males, same locality and data (MWM); 1 male, Samfya, Lake Bangweulu, S11°22′40′′, E29°33′37′′, 29.x.2014, leg. Smith, Takano & Oram, ANHRT:2017.12, unique numer: ANHRTUK 00082990 (ANHRT); 1 male, N. Rhodesia, xi.1959, Samfya (NHMZ); Democratic Republic of the Congo: 7 males, Lokolenge, Lulonga, 20.05.1927, J. Ghesquiere; 1 male, Lulonga, Bifula, 15.09.1927, J. Ghesquiere (MRAC); 1 male, Rep. Congo, 10 km SE Kisangani, Isl. Mbiye, Congo Riv., 00°28′N / 26°17′E, 24.ii.2008, 374 m, Gurkovich & Zolotuhin (MWM, GenPr Heterocera: 32.932); 1 male, Ubangi, Region de Mobeka, 10.09.1955, Dr. M. Fontaine (MRAC); 1 male, Sankuru, Lusambo, 8.08.1950, Dr. M. Fontaine (MRAC); 31 males, Uele, Paulis, 25.02.1957, Dr. M. Fontaine (MRAC); 1 male, Tshuapa, Lukolela, 8.09.1955, Dr. M. Fontaine (MRAC); 1 male, Luebo, 8.1921, Lt. Ghesquiere (MRAC); 3 males, Stan e Coq, 11.1921, L. Verlaine (MRAC); 1 male, Lukonzobwa, 14.02.1931, G.F. de Witte (MRAC); 1 male, Uvira, 10.1927, Ch. Seydel (MRAC); 2 males, Itoko a Gombe, 1921, L. Verlaine (MRAC); 1 male, Rutshuru, 05.1937, Ghesquiere (MRAC); 1 male, Elisabethville, 3.01.1936, Ch. Seydel (MRAC); 6 males, Leopoldville, 9.11.1955 (MRAC); 2 males, Kivu, Rwankwi, 11.10.1948, J.V. Leroy (MRAC); 3 males, Ituri, Nioka, 5.11.1952, J. Hecq (MRAC).

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Figures 7−15. Adult specimens of Davidlivingstonia and their labels: 7. D. staudei Yakovlev spec. nov., holotype (MWM). 8. D. staudei Yakovlev spec. nov., paratype, male, Zambia, Samfia (MWM); 9. D. staudei Yakovlev spec. nov., paratype, male, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 10 km SE Kisangani (MWM); 10. D. staudei Yakovlev spec. nov., paratype, male, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Lokolenge (MRAC); 11. D. prozorovi Yakovlev spec. nov., holotype (NHMUK); 12. D. lenzi Yakovlev spec. nov., holotype (ANHRT); 13. D. lenzi Yakovlev spec. nov., paratype, female, Zambia (ANHRT); 14. D. lenzi Yakovlev spec. nov., paratype, male, Kenya, Sigor (MWM); 15. D. lenzi Yakovlev spec. nov., paratype, male, Tansania, Mpanda (ZSM).

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Figures 16−21. Male genitalia of Davidlivingstonia: 16. D. boisduvalii (Herrich-Schäffer, 1854), Sierra Leone, Loma Mountains, gen. slide No.: LG 5183 (ANHRT); 17. D. boisduvalii (Herrich-Schäffer, 1854), Côte d'Ivoire, Mt. Tonkoui, gen. slide No.: ANHRT 00038 (ANHRT); 18. D. staudei Yakovlev spec. nov., holotype, Zambia, Samfia, Mukushi, reg. Liubwe, gen. slide Heterocera No.: 32.930 (MWM); 19. D. staudei Yakovlev spec. nov., paratype, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 10 km SE Kisangani, Island Mbiye, Congo River, gen. slide Heterocera No.: 32.932 (MWM); 20. D. prozorovi Yakovlev spec. nov., holotype, male, Congo Belge, Congo River, gen. slide No.: NHMUK 010315467 (NHMUK); 21. D. lenzi Yakovlev spec. nov., holotype, Zambia, Ndole Bay, on the shores of the Lake Tanganyika, gen. slide No.: ANHRT 00040 (ANHRT). Scale bar = 1 mm.

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Description. Male. Forewing length 14−18 mm. Forewing color light-grey to light-yellow, with pattern consisting of fine, brown dense transverse dashes (discally often fused into thin transverse bands). Hind wing light-yellow or white, without pattern. Male genitalia. Uncus pyramidal, relatively narrow, apically pointed; valvae narrow, distal margin semicircular, costal and ventral margin smooth, slightly arcuate; juxta wide with short leaf-like posterio- lateral processes; saccus half as long as valva, gradually tapering from base to apex. Phallus typical of the genus. Female. Female unknown.

Diagnosis. The new species differs from all the known representatives of the genus by the fine pattern of dashes on the forewing and the short saccus.

Etymology. The species is named after Mr. Hermann Staude – well known South-African lepidopterist.

Distribution. Northern Zambia (Luapula Province), Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Figures 22−24. Genitalia of Davidlivingstonia: 22. D. lenzi Yakovlev spec. nov., paratype, male, Kenya, Sigor, gen. slide Heterocera No.: 32.933 (MWM); 23. D. boisduvalii (Herrich-Schäffer, 1854), female, Côte d'Ivoire, Touba, Biemasso, gen. slide No.: ANHRT 00039 (ANHRT); 24. D. lenzi Yakovlev spec. nov., paratype, female, Zambia, Ndole Bay, on the shores of the Lake Tanganyika, gen. slide No.: ANHRT 00041 (ANHRT). Scale bar = 1 mm.

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Davidlivingstonia prozorovi Yakovlev spec. nov. Figs 11, 20, 25

Type material: Holotype (male). [Democratic Republic of the Congo] “Congo Belge, Congo River, 16 Sept. 1922”, gen. slide No.: NHMUK 010315467, unique number: NHMUK 012832434 (NHMUK).

Description. Forewing length 16 mm. Forewing light-yellow with longitudinal brown stripe medially between base and postdiscal area. Thin light-brown transverse dashes throughout the wing, partially fused and forming thin transverse bands; discal area without pattern. Hindwing light-yellow without pattern. Male genitalia. Uncus pyramidal, short, apically rounded; valvae narrow, distal margin semicircular, costal and ventral margins smooth almost straight; juxta wide with short leaf-like posterio-lateral processes; saccus 1.5 times shorter than valva, sharply tapering from base to apex, apically pointed. Phallus typical of the genus. Female unknown.

Diagnosis. The new species differs from the other species of the genus in the following characters: - the forewing discal area is without pattern, - the presence of a brown longitudinal medial stripe between the base and the postdiscal area of the forewing, - the pointed apex of the saccus.

Etymology. The species is named after Mr. Alexey Prozorov – Russian lepidopterist. He was one of the largest specialists in African Lasiocampidae.

Distribution. Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Davidlivingstonia lenzi Yakovlev spec. nov. Figs 12−15, 21−22, 24−25

Type material: Holotype (male). “Zambia, 777 m, Ndole Bay, on the shores of Lake Tanganyika, S08°28′42′′, E30°26′59′′, 30.iv.−5.v.13, leg. Smith, Takano & Oram”, ANHRT:2017.19, unique number: ANHRTUK 00051030, gen. slide No.: ANHRT 00040 (ANHRT).

Paratypes. Zambia: 8 males, 1 female, with the same data as in the holotype, unique numbers: ANHRTUK 00047120, 00082981-00082987, gen. slide No.: LG 5184 (male); 2 females, same locality, 23−25.xi.2012, leg. Smith & Takano, ANHRT:2017.7, unique numbers: ANHRTUK 00052291, 00082988, gen. slide No.: ANHRT 00041 (ANHRT); Zimbabwe: 1 male, S. Rhodesia, Umtali district, 8.xii.1931, P.A. Sheppard; 1 male, S. Rhodesia, Umtali district, 27.xi.1932, P.A. Sheppard; 1 male, S. Rhodesia, Vumba, 13.xii.1962, B.D. Barnes; 1 male, S. Rhodesia, Vumba, 28.xi.1958, A.T. Duke; 1 male, S. Rhodesia, Salisbury, 21.xi.1959, A.T. Duke; 3 males, S. Rhodesia, Salisbury, 13−25.xii.1966, A.T. Duke; 1 male, S. Rhodesia, Salisbury, 21.xi.1959, A.T. Duke; 1 male, S. Rhodesia, Salisbury, i.1961, A.T. Duke (NHMZ); Kenya: 1 male, Seengai, 18.xi.1973, leg. Dr. Politzar; 1 male, Sigor, 24.viii.1973, leg. Dr. Politzar, gen. slide Heterocera No.: 32.933) (MWM). Tanzania: 1 male, Mpanda, Sibwesa, xii.1969, leg. J. Kielland (ZSM). Burundi: 19 males, Urundi, Usumbura, 900m, 21.10.-13.11.1961, Dr. M. Fontaine; 1 male, Urundi, Kitega, 5.02.1935, P. Lefevre (MRAC). Malawi: 1 male, Chintheche, 2.05.1978, R. Jocque (MRAC); 2 females, Nkhata Bay, Kolwe Forest Reserve, 11°36'39"S 34°14'60"E, 540m, 19.04.2011, leg. R. Yakovlev (RYB). South Sudan: 1 female, UNMISS, Bentiu, N09°19’43”, E29°47’18”, 13.vii.2017, leg. T.C. Nicholson- Roberts, ANHRT: 2017.34 (ANHRT); 1 male, White Nile, Lat. 6º6′ N, Malek, Feb. 11 1912, G.B. Longstaff (NHMUK). Uganda: 1 male, Masindi Distr., Budongo Forest, 50 km W Masindi, N01º42.931, E 31º28.183, 1090m, 14−16.xi.2007, leg. Fibiger & Aarvik; 1 male, Kabarole Distr., Matiri Forest, 50 km E Fort Portal, N00º36.300, E 30º42.089, 1250m, 12.xi.2007, leg. Fibiger & Aarvik (NHMO); 4 males, Western distr., Kibale NP, N00º24.177′, E30º23.001′, 1500m, 17−21.x.2012, leg. Elk Ott & H. Sulak; 1 male, Western Region, Prov. Fort Portal, Kibale N.P., N00º32.086′, E30º17.623′, 10−16.v.2011, 1520m, leg. H. Sulak; 1 male, Western Region, Kibale N.P., Chimps Nest, 1200m, 18−22.i.2011, leg. H. Sulak & Tom Kolb; 1 male, Western Region, Kabarol district, Planet Ringwo, N00º26.006′, E30º17.508′, 17−19.vi.2011, 1240m, leg. H.

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Sulak (MWM); 1 male, Distr. Kabarole, near Fort Portal, Kibale NP, 1200m, March/April 2011; 1 male, Itwara forest, Kyenjojo, xii.2002 (MSW); 1 male, Bwaba Forest, Fort Portal, 2400′, iv.1961 (NHMZ); Mozambique: 1 male, Salone River, 25 km S. Morrameu, 8.xi.1967, E. Pinhey (NHMZ).

Description. Male. Forewing length 12−16 mm. Forewing light-yellow with pattern consisted of fine dashes throughout the wing, brown dashes larger and denser discally. Hindwing white with poorly expressed grey pattern of dashes medially. Male genitalia. Uncus pyramidal, short, apically pointed; valvae narrow, distal margin semicircular, costal and ventral margins smooth, almost straight; juxta wide with short leaf-like posterio-lateral processes; saccus 1.25 times shorter than valva, wide between base and medium third, distal section sharply tapering to apex, apex pointed. Phallus typical of the genus. Female. Forewing 18−23 mm. Wing pattern analogous to that of male. Female genitalia. Ovipositor relatively short, thick; papillae anales tapering, with ribbed notches laterally; apophyses anteriores and posteriores equal equal in length; antrum cup-like, poorly immersed; ductus bursae relatively short, thick; corpus bursae small, sack-like, with small star-shaped signum bursae on lateral surface; thin short ductus with small bag-like bulla seminalis.

Figure 25. Distribution map of Davidlivingstonia species.

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Diagnosis. The new species clearly differs from all species of Genus in a series of characters: - the thickening of brown dashes in the forewing discal area; - the poorly expressed pattern of dashes on the hindwing medially; - the specific shape of the saccus; - from D. boisduvalii the new species differs in the female genital structure: the shorter and thicker ductus bursae and the shorter ductus of the bulla seminalis.

Etymology. The species is named after Mr. Jürgen Lenz – German lepidopterist. He was one of the largest specialists in African Geometridae.

Distribution. Eastern and South-Eastern Africa (Burundi, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Southern Sudan, Tanzania, Eastern Zambia, Zimbabwe, Uganda).

Acknowledgements The authors express their gratitude to the following for the kind assistance provided during my visit in their institutions and the opportunity to study the Cossidae material under their care: Richard Smith, Gyula László (ANHRT), Didier Van den Spiegel, Jurate and Willy De Prins, and Alice Buset (MRAC), Leif Aarvik (NHMO), Harald Sulak (MWM), Geoff Martin and Alessandro Giusti (NHMUK), Moira FitzPatrick (NHMZ), Axel Hausmann (ZSM), Manfred Ströhle (MSW), and Joel Minet (MNHN). I thank Raymond Murphy (Mzuzu, Malawi), Günter Müller (Freising, Germany) and Petr Ustjuzhanin (Novosibirsk, Russia) for additional material from Ghana and Malawi. I am indebted to the NHMUK Council of Trustees for kindly granting me the permission to publish images of the specimens preserved in the Natural History Museum. I also express my gratitude to Xenia Proskuryakova (Moscow, Russia) Olexiy Bidzilya (Kiev, Ukraine) and Tibor Csövári (Budapest, Hungary) for the assistance in making the genital preparations. The author is grateful to Anna Ustjuzhanina (Tomsk, Russia) for language improvements.

References

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