National Register of Historic Places Continuation
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NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 Historic Resources of Downtown Evansville – United States Department of the Interior Downtown Evansville HistoricPut District Here National Park Service Name of Property Vanderburgh, Indiana County and State National Register of Historic Places 00000197 Continuation Sheet NR Reference Number Section number F Page 295 State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this _X__ additional documentation ___ move ___ removal ___ name change (additional documentation) ___ other meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. _______________________________________________________________________________ Signature of Certifying Official/Title: Date of Action National Park Service Certification I hereby certify that this property is: entered in the National Register determined eligible for the National Register determined not eligible for the National Register removed from the National Register __ additional documentation accepted other (explain:) _____________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Signature of the Keeper Date of Action NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 Historic Resources of Downtown Evansville – United States Department of the Interior Downtown Evansville HistoricPut District Here National Park Service Name of Property Vanderburgh, Indiana County and State National Register of Historic Places 00000197 Continuation Sheet NR Reference Number Section number F Page 296 EVANSVILLE DOWNTOWN HISTORIC DISTRICT Owner: Multiple Main Street between Second Street & Martin Luther King, Jr Boulevard Multiple Addresses Fourth Street between Sycamore and Chestnut Streets 1855-1952 DESCRIPTION: The Evansville Downtown Historic District t has an irregular T-shape, primarily spanning Main and SE Fourth Streets. West of the Evansville Downtown Historic District is the Ohio River. Many of the buildings are located within the historic central business district, Main Street, and therefore, only the front façades are visible. Most of the buildings are over one-story in height and feature flat roofs with parapets, which is common feature in commercial buildings. The buildings located within the district primarily consist of commercial buildings, with a few buildings that were originally constructed as residences, community buildings, industrial buildings, and a few religious buildings. Construction dates span between 1855 and 1952 and primary architectural styles include Federal, Commercial, Art Deco, Chicago, Neoclassical Revival, International, and Streamlined Moderne. Cast iron storefronts with recessed doors are a defining feature of the Commercial style. The Hulman Building, also known as the Morris Plan (Central Union Bank) (NR 82000111), is an excellent example of the Art Deco style architecture found in the district. Vertical projections, smooth exterior wall surface, and stylized motifs are common architectural features of Art Deco. Additional commercial buildings can be classified as two-part block and three-part block commercial buildings, with many being vertical block multiple stories in height. Main Street represents the heart of the district, and boasts the greatest number of contributing buildings. Main Street features wide, tree lined sidewalks, lampposts, and a single lane one-way street that reflects a prosperous downtown. Many of the buildings are unaltered, except for first- story renovations on storefronts. Two fires destroyed many buildings on Main Street, and renovations after the fires included updating the facades with the popular International style of the time. Two additional fires occurred on Main Street in the mid-twentieth century. There are limited residential buildings within the district boundaries. One of the oldest buildings in the district, the John Henry Roelker House (NR 84001741) at 555 Sycamore Street, was built in 1858. The Federal-style architecture is not well represented in the district, making this resource significant. The automobile industry left its mark on Evansville in the form of garages, motor and tire factories. However, very few individual buildings are located within the district to represent this theme, only the Huber Motor Company (NR 84001715) remains within the district boundaries. Industrial automobile buildings are typically brick buildings with full-height windows and roll- up garage bays. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 Historic Resources of Downtown Evansville – United States Department of the Interior Downtown Evansville HistoricPut District Here National Park Service Name of Property Vanderburgh, Indiana County and State National Register of Historic Places 00000197 Continuation Sheet NR Reference Number Section number F Page 297 A few religious buildings, such as Trinity United Methodist Church at 524 SE Third Street, are present within the district. The same is true for institutional, civic, or community buildings, such as the Masonic Temple (NR 82000108) and the Central Library (NR 82000086), which currently functions as a children’s museum. At the time the Evansville Downtown Historic District was listed on the National Register, it had 38 contributing buildings and 20 noncontributing buildings. A total of 30 buildings were previously listed on the National Register. Two of the buildings, Connor’s Bookstore at 611-613 Main Street and Gemcraft-Wittmer Building (NR 84001704) at 609 Main Street, were demolished in 2018 for the construction of the Ford Center. SIGNIFICANCE: The resources within the Evansville Downtown Historic District represent the growth of the river city’s commercial center. The city grew gradually until the introduction of the railroad in 1860, at which time mass construction occurred. The accessibility to the surrounding area increased Evansville’s economy and new storefronts were established. The architecture represents the phases of the district’s development, such as industrial and automotive. The majority of the buildings within the district were built in the years between the establishment of the railroad and the automobile boom of the 1920s. The designs of local architects, Clifford Shopville & Co., can be seen throughout the district. Many of the resources feature an emphasis on horizontal lines, flat or low-pitched roofs, and windows that offer natural lighting. In general, the composition of the Evansville Downtown Historic District includes buildings associated with the commercial buildings, industry, community buildings, residential buildings, and religious buildings ranging in architectural styles from the late nineteenth century to the mid-twentieth century. Geographical Data: Acreage: less than an acre UTM Reference: 16 449621 E 4202756 N 16 449781 E 4202906 N 16 450043 E 4203035 N 16 450059 E 4202890 N 16 449954 E 4202424 N 16 449729 E 4202561 N Boundary: Multiple parcels along Main Street from Second Street to Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard, Fourth Street from Sycamore Street to Chestnut Street, Fifth Street from Sycamore Street to Locust Street, and NW Sixth Street north from Main to Sycamore Street NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 Historic Resources of Downtown Evansville – United States Department of the Interior Downtown Evansville HistoricPut District Here National Park Service Name of Property Vanderburgh, Indiana County and State National Register of Historic Places 00000197 Continuation Sheet NR Reference Number Section number F Page 298 References: 1998 Au, Dennis M., Joan C. Marchand, et al. Historic Evansville: A self-guided tour of Downtown Evansville, Indiana, Third Edition. City of Evansville, Department of Metropolitan Development. 1999 Brennan, Kristen “Evansville Downtown Historic District.” National Register of Historic Places Inventory Form. PHOTOS: Main Street, 200 Block, November 1937 (Knecht 3986) Courtesy of the Willard Library, Digital Historic Photo Collection NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 Historic Resources of Downtown Evansville – United States Department of the Interior Downtown Evansville HistoricPut District Here National Park Service Name of Property Vanderburgh, Indiana County and State National Register of Historic Places 00000197 Continuation Sheet NR Reference Number Section number F Page 299 Main Street, 200 Block, 1950 (Knecht 4481) Courtesy of the Willard Library, Digital Historic Photo Collection Main Street, 300 Block, circa 1950 (McCool 2) Courtesy of the Willard Library, Digital Historic Photo Collection NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 Historic Resources of Downtown Evansville – United States Department of the Interior Downtown Evansville HistoricPut District Here National Park Service Name of Property Vanderburgh, Indiana County and State National Register of Historic Places 00000197 Continuation Sheet NR Reference Number Section number F Page 300 Main Street, 400 Block, circa 1915 (Deeds 37) Courtesy of the Willard Library, Digital Historic Photo Collection Main Street, 400 Block, circa 1940s (Meyer-Schlamp 369) Courtesy of the Willard Library, Digital Historic Photo Collection NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 Historic Resources of Downtown Evansville – United States Department of the Interior Downtown Evansville HistoricPut District Here National Park Service