Japanese Elm

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III-115 Japanese Elm Light Full sun. (Ulmus davidiana var. japonica) Uses Conservation/Windbreaks Medium tree for farmstead or field windbreaks, and General Description riparian plantings. A hardy spreading umbrella-shaped tree native to Japan and northeastern Asia. This species is reported to be Wildlife highly resistant to Dutch Elm disease and is used to No documented value, other than seeds. Buds and twigs develop resistant cultivars. are likely used as food by birds and mammals.

Leaves and Buds Agroforestry Products Bud Arrangement - Alternate. Wood - Firewood, pallets, crates. Bud Color - Brownish. Medicinal - Some elms have been used as a demulcent, an astringent, diuretic, and for inflammation, burns, cold Bud Size - 1/8 to 1/4. sores and wounds. Leaf Type and Shape - Simple, obovate to elliptical, oblique base. Urban/Recreational Leaf Margins - Doubly-serrate. Recommended for trial plantings. Could be useful as Leaf Surface - Rough and hairy above, hairy beneath, a boulevard, specimen and shade tree. with small axillary tufts. Cultivated Varieties Leaf Length - 3 to 4½ inches. Discovery/Freedom Elm (U. davidiana var. japonica Leaf Width - 1½ to 2 inches. ‘Discovery’ and ‘Freedom’) - Released by Dr. Wilbert Leaf Color - Dark green; yellow fall color. Ronald, Jeffries Nurseries Ltd., and Rick Durand; Prairie Shade Consulting Services, Portage la Prairie, Manitoba. Flowers and Fruits Promising selections. Flower Type - Polygamo-monoecious. Jacan Elm (Ulmus davidiana var. japonica ‘Jacan’) - Flower Color - Greenish-red. Released by Morden Research Station, Morden, Manitoba. Fruit Type - Winged samara, with the seed in the center. Thomson Elm (U. davidiana var. japonica ‘Thomson’ ) - Fruit Color - Brownish. Released by PFRA Nursery, Indianhead, Saskatchewan. Form Related Species Growth Habit - Round-headed. American Elm (Ulmus americana) Texture - Medium, summer; medium, winter. Hybrids with good to excellent Dutch Elm disease Crown Height - 35 to 55 feet. resistance, including several newer hybrid elms from Crown Width - 25 to 35 feet. crosses of Siberian Elm (U. pumila) and Japanese Elm Bark Color - Grayish-brown, young branchlets densely (U. davidiana var. japonica) e.g., Sapporo Autumn Gold Elm hairy and tuberculate, yellowish-brown. (U. x ‘Sapporo Autumn Gold’), Cathedral Elm (U. x ‘Cathedral’) and New Horizon Elm (U. x ‘New Horizon’). Root System - Fibrous, spreading. Sapporo Autumn Gold Elm has fine-textured leaves similar to Siberian Elm, whereas the Cathedral and Environmental Requirements New Horizon Elms have coarser-textured leaves similar to American Elm, which may become more popular with Soils consumers. Soil Texture - Prefers moist, well-drained loams. Rock Elm (U. thomasii) Soil pH - 5.5 to 8.0. Slippery Elm (U. rubra) Windbreak Suitability Group - 1, 1K, 3, 4, 4C, 5.

Cold Hardiness Pests USDA Zone 2. More Dutch Elm disease resistant than most other elms. No other serious pest problems. Water Moderately drought tolerant.

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