DOCSLIB.ORG

COMMERCE of the PRAIRIES by Josiah Gregg

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
COMMERCE of the PRAIRIES by Josiah Gregg COMMERCE OF THE PRAIRIES by Josiah Gregg KANSAS COLLECTION BOOKS Transcribed by DICK TAYLOR and JOHN MAIER; produced by JOHN MAIER, DICK TAYLOR, LYNN NELSON, and SUSAN STAFFORD. COMMERCE of the PRAIRIES. by JOSIAH A. GREGG Published in 1844 and 1845. TABLE of CONTENTS. Preface. Volume I. Chapter I. Origin and Development of the Santa Fe Trade. Chapter II. Head Quarters of the Santa Fe Trade — The Departure. Chapter III. The 'Catch up' — Under Way. Chapter IV. A Desert Plain — The First Real Alarm. Chapter V. A Beautiful Ravine — Arrival at Santa Fe. Chapter VI. Sketches of the History of Santa Fe. Chapter VII. Geographical Postion of New Mexico. Chapter VIII. The Mines of New Mexico. Chapter IX. Domestic Animals and Their Conditions. Chapter X. Conditions of the Arts and Sciences in New Mexico. Chapter XI. Styles of Dress in New Mexico — Customs. Chapter XII. Government of New Mexico. Chapter XIII. Military Hierarchy — Religious Superstitions http://www.kancoll.org/books/gregg/ (1 of 3) [9/3/2008 11:16:33 AM] COMMERCE OF THE PRAIRIES by Josiah Gregg and Ceremonies. Chapter XIV. The Pueblos. Chapter XV. The Wild Tribes of New Mexico. Chapter XVI. Incidents of a Return Trip from Santa Fe. Volume II. Chapter I. A Return to Prairie Life. Chapter II. Travelling out of Our Latitude — A Party of Comanches. Chapter III. Ponds and Buffalo Wallows — Valley of the Canadian and Romantic Freaks of Nature — Arrival (Again) at Santa Fe. Chapter IV. Preparations for a Start to Chihuahua — Arrival. Chapter V. Trip from Chihuahua to Aquascalientes, in 1835. Chapter VI. Visit to the Mining Town of Jesus-Maria — Return to Chihuahua. Chapter VII. Departure for Santa Fe — Arrival at Santa Fe. Chapter VIII. Preparation for Returning Home — Arrival at Van Buren. Chapter IX. Conclusion of the Santa Fe Trade. Chapter X. Geography of the Prairies. Chapter XI. Animals of the Prairies. Chapter XII. Aborigines of America. Chapter XIII. The Frontier Indians. Chapter XIV. Indians of the Prairies — System of Chiefs, Modes of Warfare. Chapter XV. Indians of the Prairies — Intermediate Tribes. Glossary. Illustrations. http://www.kancoll.org/books/gregg/ (2 of 3) [9/3/2008 11:16:33 AM] COMMERCE OF THE PRAIRIES by Josiah Gregg http://www.kancoll.org/books/gregg/ (3 of 3) [9/3/2008 11:16:33 AM] Credits for COMMERCE OF THE PRAIRIES by Josiah Gregg KANSAS COLLECTION BOOKS http://www.kancoll.org/books/gregg/gr_credits.htm [9/3/2008 11:16:35 AM] Preface to COMMERCE OF THE PRAIRIES by Josiah Gregg KANSAS COLLECTION BOOKS COMMERCE OF THE PRAIRIES, by Josiah Gregg PREFACE. IN adding another to the list of works which have already been published, appearing to bear more or less directly upon the subject matter of these volumes, I am aware that my labors make their appeal to the public under serious disadvantages. Topics which have occupied the pens of Irving and Murray and Hoffman, and more recently, of Kendall, the graphic historiographer of the “Texan Santa Fe Expedition," may fairly be supposed to have been so entirely exhausted, that the entrance of a new writer in the lists, whose name is wholly unknown to the republic of letters, and whose pretensions are so humble as mine, may be looked upon as an act of literary hardihood, for which there was neither occasion nor excuse. In view of this ‘foregone conclusion,’ I trust I may be pardoned for prefacing my literary offering with a few words in its justification , — which will afford me an occasion to explain the circumstances that first led to my acquaintance with life upon the Prairies and in Northern Mexico. For some months preceding the year 1831, my health had been gradually declining under a complication of PAGE vi — PREFACE. chronic diseases, which defied every plan of treatment that the sagacity and science of my medical friends could devise. This morbid condition of my system, which originated in the familiar miseries of dyspepsia and its kindred infirmities, had finally reduced me to such a state, that, for nearly a twelvemonth, I was not only disqualified for any systematic industry, but so debilitated as rarely to be able to extend my walks beyond the narrow precincts of my chamber. In this hopeless condition, my physicians advised me to take a trip across the Prairies, and, in the change of air and habits which such an adventure would involve, to seek that health which their science had failed to bestow. I accepted their suggestion, and, without http://www.kancoll.org/books/gregg/gr_preface.htm (1 of 5) [9/3/2008 11:16:37 AM] Preface to COMMERCE OF THE PRAIRIES by Josiah Gregg hesitation, proceeded at once to make the necessary preparations for joining one of those spring Caravans which were annually starting from the United States, for Santa Fe. The effects of this journey were in the first place to re-establish my health, and, in the second, to beget a passion for Prairie life which I never expect to survive. At the conclusion of the season which followed my first trip, I became interested as a proprietor in the Santa Fe Trade, and continued to be so, to a greater or less extent, for the eight succeeding years. During the whole of the above periods I crossed the Prairies eight different times ; and, with the exception of the time thus spent in travelling to and fro, the greater part of the nine years of which I speak, were passed in Northern Mexico. Having been actively engaged and largely interested in the commerce of that country and across the Prairies, for so long a period, I feel that I have at least had oppor- PAGE vii. tunities for observation, upon the subjects of which I have ventured to treat, superior to those enjoyed by any writers who have preceded me. But not even an attempt has before been made to present any full account of the origin of the Santa Fe Trade and modes of conducting it; nor of the early history and present condition of the people of New Mexico; nor of the Indian tribes by which the wild and unreclaimed regions of that department are inhabited. I think I may also assure my readers that most of the facts presented in my sketch of the natural history of the Prairies, and of the Indian tribes who inhabit them, are now published for the first time. As I have not sought to make a treatise upon these subjects, I have not felt compelled, for the purpose of giving my papers symmetry and completeness, to enter to any extent upon grounds which have already been occupied by other travellers; but have contented myself with presenting such matters and observations as I thought least likely to have come before under the notice of my readers. I am perfectly sensible, however,that, in the selection of matter, and in the execution of my work, it is very far from being what it should be, and what, in more capable hands, it might have been. I only trust, that, with all its imperfections, it may be found to contain some new and not unimportant facts, which may be thought, in some measure, to justify my appearance for http://www.kancoll.org/books/gregg/gr_preface.htm (2 of 5) [9/3/2008 11:16:37 AM] Preface to COMMERCE OF THE PRAIRIES by Josiah Gregg once in the capacity of a bookmaker; for which vocation, in all other respects, I am free to confess myself very poorly qualified. This work has been prepared chiefly from a journal which I have been in the habit of keeping from my youth PAGE viii. upward, and in which I was careful to preserve memoranda of my observations while engaged in the Santa Fe Trade, — though without the remotest intention of ever appropriating them to the present purpose. In addition, however, I have embraced every opportunity of procuring authentic information through others, upon such matters as were beyond my own sphere of observation. From materials thus collected I have received much assistance in the preparation of the chapters from the sixth to the fifteenth inclusive, of the first volume, which are chiefly devoted to the early history of New Mexico, and the manners, customs and institutions of its people. For favors thus conferred, I beg in particular to make my acknowledgments to ELISHA STANLEY, Esq., and Doctors SAMUEL B. HOBBS and DAVID WALDO, whose names have been long and favorably associated with the Santa Fe Trade. Though myself cradled and educated upon the Indian border, and familiar with the Indian character from my infancy, I am yet greatly indebted, for information upon that subject, to many intelligent Indian traders, and others resident upon our border, with whose ample experience I have been frequently favored. Yet, while I recognize my indebtedness to others, I feel bound, in self- defence, to reclaim in a single case, at least, the waifs of my own pen, which have been dignified with a place in the pages of a cotemporary writer. During the years 1841 and 1842, I contributed a number of letters upon the history and condition of the Santa Fe Trade, etc., to the Galveston “Daily Advertiser” and the “Arkansas Intelligencer,” under the signatures of “J. and “G.,” PAGE ix. portions of which I have had occasion to insert in the present volumes. In Captain Marryat’s recent work, entitled “Monsieur Violet,” I was not a http://www.kancoll.org/books/gregg/gr_preface.htm (3 of 5) [9/3/2008 11:16:37 AM] Preface to COMMERCE OF THE PRAIRIES by Josiah Gregg little annoyed (when I presume I ought to have been flattered) to find large portions of this correspondence copied, much of it verbatim, without the slightest intimation or acknowledgment whatever, of the source from whence they were procured.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Review of Public Two-Year Institutions of Higher Education in New Mexico
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 103 033 JC 750 175 AUTHOR Esquibel, Antonio . TITLE A Review of Public Tvo-Year Institutions of Higher Education in New Mexico. INSTITUTION New Mexico Univ., Albuquerque. Dept. of Educational Administration. PUB DATE Dec 74 NOTE 75p. IDES PRICE MP-$0.76 HC -53.32 PLUS POSTAGE DESCRIPTORS Colleges; *Educational History; *Educational Legislation; Educational Planning; Enrollment Trends; *Junior Colleges; Literature Reviews; Post Secondary Education; *Public Education; *State of the Art Reviews IDENTIFIERS Branch Campuses; *New Mexico ABSTRACT This study vas conducted to establish *The State of the Art* of public two-year colleges in New Mexico* Previous studies of two-year institutions in New Mexico are reviewed. A historical review of two-year colleges and a legislative history of junior colleges in New Mexico are presented. Althougb Nee Mexico does not have a coordinated state system of junior colleges, enrollment in two-year institutions has increased over 200 percent during the last 10 years. New Mexico now has nine branch community college campuses, which are governed by a parent four-year college, and onlyone junior college, which is,controlled by a junior college board elected by the junior college district's voters. New Mexico also hes one military institute, three technical/vocational institutes, and five private and six public four-year institutions. In general, twoo.year colleges in New Mexico have been relegated to the status of stepchild of other institutions* Because they add prestige to the communities in which they are located, branch colleges give the parent institutions additional political clout in the state legislature; this political reality must be considered in future attempts to establish junior college legislation.
    [Show full text]
  • History Timeline from 13.7 Billion Years Ago to August 2013. 1 of 588 Pages This PDF History Timeline Has Been Extracted
    History Timeline from 13.7 Billion Years ago to August 2013. 1 of 588 pages This PDF History Timeline has been extracted from the History World web site's time line. The PDF is a very simplified version of the History World timeline. The PDF is stripped of all the links found on that timeline. If an entry attracts your interest and you want further detail, click on the link at the foot of each of the PDF pages and query the subject or the PDF entry on the web site, or simply do an internet search. When I saw the History World timeline I wanted a copy of it for myself and my family in a form that we could access off-line, on demand, on the device of our choice. This PDF is the result. What attracted me particularly about the History World timeline is that each event, which might be earth shattering in itself with a wealth of detail sufficient to write volumes on, and indeed many such events have had volumes written on them, is presented as a sort of pared down news head-line. Basic unadorned fact. Also, the History World timeline is multi-faceted. Most historic works focus on their own area of interest and ignore seemingly unrelated events, but this timeline offers glimpses of cross-sections of history for any given time, embracing art, politics, war, nations, religions, cultures and science, just to mention a few elements covered. The view is fascinating. Then there is always the question of what should be included and what excluded.
    [Show full text]
  • Affidavit NM Legislature Final
    To: Speaker of the House Brian Egolf State Capitol, Suite 104 490 Old Santa Fe Trail Santa Fe, NM 87501 To: President Pro Tempore Mimi Stewart 313 Moon Street NE Albuquerque, NM 87123 From: _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ Notice by Affidavit to the Legislature of New Mexico State Notice of Maladministration Notice of Malfeasance Demand to End State of Public Health Emergency Notice of Change in Contract Terms Notice of Right to Arbitration Case # 2021-0704B Notice to Agent is Notice to Principal. Notice to Principal is Notice to Agent. Comes now Affiant, __________________________________________, one of the people (as seen in the New Mexico Constitution Article 2 Section 2), Sui Juris, in this Court of Record, does make the following claims: Affiant claims that the United States of America is a constitutional republic and that the Constitution guarantees to every state a republican form of government. See below: republic (n.) c. 1600, "state in which supreme power rests in the people via elected representatives," from French république (15c.) Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=republic&ref=searchbar_searchhint United States Constitution Article 4 Section 4 The United States shall guarantee to every state a republican form of government... Affiant claims that the New Mexico Constitution affirms that all political power is inherent in the people, and that you, as public servant and trustee, serve at the will of the people. You do not have granted authority to control the people's private affairs or to “rule over” us. Please see constitutional provisions below: New Mexico Constitution Bill of Rights Article 2 Section 2: All political power is vested in and derived from the people: all government of right originates with the people, is founded upon their will and is instituted solely for their good.
    [Show full text]
  • County Profile
    FY 2020-21 PROPOSED BUDGET SECTION B:PROFILE GOVERNANCE Assessor County Counsel Auditor-Controller Human Resources Board of Supervisors Measure Z Clerk-Recorder Other Funds County Admin. Office Treasurer-Tax Collector Population County Comparison Education Infrastructure Employment DEMOGRAPHICS Geography Located on the far North Coast of California, 200 miles north of San Francisco and about 50 miles south of the southern Oregon border, Humboldt County is situated along the Pacific coast in Northern California’s rugged Coastal (Mountain) Ranges, bordered on the north SCENERY by Del Norte County, on the east by Siskiyou and Trinity counties, on the south by Mendocino County and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. The climate is ideal for growth The county encompasses 2.3 million acres, 80 percent of which is of the world’s tallest tree - the forestlands, protected redwoods and recreational areas. A densely coastal redwood. Though these forested, mountainous, rural county with about 110 miles of coastline, trees are found from southern more than any other county in the state, Humboldt contains over forty Oregon to the Big Sur area of percent of all remaining old growth Coast Redwood forests, the vast California, Humboldt County majority of which is protected or strictly conserved within dozens of contains the most impressive national, state, and local forests and parks, totaling approximately collection of Sequoia 680,000 acres (over 1,000 square miles). Humboldt’s highest point is sempervirens. The county is Salmon Mountain at 6,962 feet. Its lowest point is located in Samoa at home to Redwood National 20 feet. Humboldt Bay, California’s second largest natural bay, is the and State Parks, Humboldt only deep water port between San Francisco and Coos Bay, Oregon, Redwoods State Park (The and is located on the coast at the midpoint of the county.
    [Show full text]
  • Atlas of Historic NM Maps Online at Atlas.Nmhum.Org
    Josiah Gregg: Map of the Indian Territory, Northern Texas and New Mexico, Showing the Great Western Prairies 1844 1 4 2 3 5 6 7 Rumsey Collection Image No. 2351001 - Terms of Use 1: Fray Cristobal 1831-1844 Quote: Our next camping place deserving of mention was Fray Cristobal, which, like many others on the route, is neither town nor village, but a simple isolated point on the riverbank ? a mere parage, or camping- ground.... We arrived at Fray Cristobal in the evening, but this being the threshold of the famous Jornada del Muerto, we deemed it prudent to let our animals rest here until the following afternoon. The road over which we had hitherto been travelling, though it sometimes traverses upland ridges and undulating sections, runs generally near the border of the river, and for the most part in its immediate valley: but here it leaves the river and passes for nearly eighty miles over a table-plain to the eastward of a small ledge of mountains, whose western base is hugged by the circuitous channel of the Rio del Norte. The craggy cliffs which project from these mountains render the eastern bank of the river altogether impassable. As the direct route over the plain is entirely destitute of water, we took the precaution to fill all our kegs at Fray Cristobal, and late in the afternoon we finally set out. We generally find a great advantage in travelling through these arid tracts of land in the freshness of the evening, as the mules suffer less from thirst, and move on in better spirits particularly in the season of warm weather.
    [Show full text]
  • Historic Resources of the Santa Fe Trail (Revised)
    NPS Form 10-900-b (Rev. 01/2009) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5/31/2012) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NPS Approved – April 3, 2013 National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form This form is used for documenting property groups relating to one or several historic contexts. See instructions in National Register Bulletin How to Complete the Multiple Property Documentation Form (formerly 16B). Complete each item by entering the requested information. For additional space, use continuation sheets (Form 10-900-a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer to complete all items New Submission X Amended Submission A. Name of Multiple Property Listing Historic Resources of the Santa Fe Trail (Revised) B. Associated Historic Contexts (Name each associated historic context, identifying theme, geographical area, and chronological period for each.) I. The Santa Fe Trail II. Individual States and the Santa Fe Trail A. International Trade on the Mexican Road, 1821-1846 A. The Santa Fe Trail in Missouri B. The Mexican-American War and the Santa Fe Trail, 1846-1848 B. The Santa Fe Trail in Kansas C. Expanding National Trade on the Santa Fe Trail, 1848-1861 C. The Santa Fe Trail in Oklahoma D. The Effects of the Civil War on the Santa Fe Trail, 1861-1865 D. The Santa Fe Trail in Colorado E. The Santa Fe Trail and the Railroad, 1865-1880 E. The Santa Fe Trail in New Mexico F. Commemoration and Reuse of the Santa Fe Trail, 1880-1987 C. Form Prepared by name/title KSHS Staff, amended submission; URBANA Group, original submission organization Kansas State Historical Society date Spring 2012 street & number 6425 SW 6th Ave.
    [Show full text]
  • Reconsideration of the Death of Josiah Gregg
    New Mexico Historical Review Volume 22 Number 3 Article 4 7-1-1947 Reconsideration of the Death of Josiah Gregg Howard T. Dimick Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr Recommended Citation Dimick, Howard T.. "Reconsideration of the Death of Josiah Gregg." New Mexico Historical Review 22, 3 (1947). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr/vol22/iss3/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in New Mexico Historical Review by an authorized editor of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. RECONSIDERATION OF THE DEATH OF JOSIAH GREGG By HOWARD T. DIMICK Acknowledgments In tracing the history of the line of William Gregg I of Delaware, I have had the assistance of several persons and institutions among whom the following deserve especial mention: The Library of Congress, especially the research and manuscripts divisions; The Historical Society of Pennsyl­ vania; Virginia State Library; The Hill Memorial Li­ brary, Louisiana State University; Howard-Tilton Memorial Library, Tulane University; The Shreve-Memorial Library, Shreveport, and Miss Virginia Walker of the staff; Mrs. Louise P. Bosworth, New York City, a descendant of Wil­ liam Gregg I and a Gregg genealogist; Dr. W. A. Evans, Aberdeen, Mississippi, and members of the Garth family in Mississippi. The Alabama Department of Archives & History and Mrs. Marie Bankhead Owen gave me aid and encouragement at a time when war was obstructive to historical investiga­ tion and the pursuit of researches.
    [Show full text]
  • The Treatment of Minorities and Women by Southwestern Courts and Prisons
    UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations 1-1-2008 The treatment of minorities and women by southwestern courts and prisons Donna Crail-Rugotzke University of Nevada, Las Vegas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/rtds Repository Citation Crail-Rugotzke, Donna, "The treatment of minorities and women by southwestern courts and prisons" (2008). UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations. 2798. http://dx.doi.org/10.25669/qv48-krza This Dissertation is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Dissertation in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/or on the work itself. This Dissertation has been accepted for inclusion in UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE TREATMENT OF MINORITIES AND WOMEN BY SOUTHWESTERN COURTS AND PRISONS by Donna Crail-Rugotzke Bachelor of Science, University of Wyoming 1990 Master of Arts, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 1995 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in History Department of History College of Liberal Arts Graduate College University of Nevada, Las Vegas May 2008 UMI Number: 3319138 Copyright 2008 by Crail-Rugotzke, Donna All rights reserved. INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted.
    [Show full text]
  • Wagon Tracks. Volume 9, Issue 4 (August, 1995) Santa Fe Trail Association
    Wagon Tracks Volume 9 Issue 4 Wagon Tracks Volume 9, Issue 4 (August Article 1 1995) 1995 Wagon Tracks. Volume 9, Issue 4 (August, 1995) Santa Fe Trail Association Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Santa Fe Trail Association. "Wagon Tracks. Volume 9, Issue 4 (August, 1995)." Wagon Tracks 9, 4 (1995). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wagon_tracks/vol9/iss4/1 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Wagon Tracks by an authorized editor of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. : Wagon Tracks. Volume 9, Issue 4 (August, 1995) VOLUME 9 AUGUST 1995 NUMBER 4 t:• ! DEATH ON THE TRAIL, 1828 I ,I MCNEES IDENTIFIED • by Harry C. Myers (Myers is the superintendent of Fort SYMPOSIUM COMING SOON Union National Monument. chairman THE biennial SFTA Symposium at of the SFTA 175th anniversary com­ Lamed and Great Bend. KS. Septem­ mittee. and afrequent contributor to ber 21-24. offers an outstanding pro­ WT. He has again located. new infor­ gram for participants. There will be mation about the early history of the TraU.) . lectures. tours. business meetings. entertalnment. and good food. IN August 1828 the eastbound cara­ The schedule and registration form van from Santa Fe crossed the Cana­ dian River and headed toward Point of were included In the last Issue of wr. and early registration is still recom­ Rocks and Rabbit Ears in north­ eastern New Mexico.
    [Show full text]
  • Internal Pages.Pub
    New Mexico Legislature COURTS, CORRECTIONS AND JUSTICE COMMITTEE 2017 INTERIM FINAL REPORT Legislative Council Service 411 State Capitol Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501 (505) 986-4600 www.nmlegis.gov TABLE OF CONTENTS Interim Summary Work Plan and Meeting Schedule Agendas and Minutes Courts, Corrections & Justice Committee Criminal Justice Reform Subcommittee Endorsed Legislation INTERIM SUMMARY Courts, Corrections and Justice Committee and Criminal Justice Reform Subcommittee 2017 Interim Summary The Courts, Corrections and Justice Committee (CCJ) met six times during the 2017 interim in Santa Fe, Las Vegas, Springer and Albuquerque to discuss and receive presentations about issues ranging from sexual assault and juvenile justice to medical cannabis and campaign donations. The Criminal Justice Reform Subcommittee (CJRS) of the CCJ, a bipartisan group of eight members of the CCJ, met four times in Albuquerque to discuss and receive presentations about the state's criminal justice system and the need for reforms to improve that system. This interim, the CCJ heard from many state officials and advocates about how the state's economic struggles have affected corrections facilities and jails, incarceration rates, the incidence of substance use disorders and the prioritization of funding among criminal justice-related agencies. State officials updated the committee about the progress on work to reduce the state's backlog of untested sexual assault examination kits and to implement policies to reduce future backlogs. Several presenters addressed bail reform efforts in the state, including the passage and effect of a related constitutional amendment approved by voters in 2016 and rules promulgated by the New Mexico Supreme Court following that amendment.
    [Show full text]
  • Redwood NP & SP: History Basic Data (Table of Contents)
    Redwood NP & SP: History Basic Data (Table of Contents) Redwood History Basic Data TABLE OF CONTENTS COVER PREFACE FOREWORD ILLUSTRATIONS I. THE INDIANS OF THE REDWOODS A. THE YUROK 1. The Villages 2. Population 3. Customs a. Blood Money b. Ownership of Fishing and Hunting Grounds c. War and Peace d. Ceremonies e. Superstitions 4. Houses and Sweathouses 5. Canoes 6. Food from the Land, Rivers, and Ocean 7. Crook Describes the Indians at the Mouth of the Klamath 8. Government and Wealth B. THE TOLOWA 1. The Villages 2. Relations Between Villages and with Other Tribes 3. Customs, Institutions, and Implements C. THE CHILULA 1. Cultural Background 2. Location of Villages 3. Conflict with the Whites 4. Dwellings and Sweathouses D. COMMENTS and RECOMMENDATIONS II. COASTAL EXPLORATION A. THE CABRILLO-FERRELO EXPEDITION http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/redw/historyt.htm[5/13/2013 2:55:39 PM] Redwood NP & SP: History Basic Data (Table of Contents) B. FRANCIS DRAKE CRUISES the HUMBOLDT COAST C. THE MANILA GALLEONS off the HUMBOLDT COAST D. SEBASTIAN RODRIGUEZ CERMENÕ RECONNOITERS HUMBOLDT COAST E. VOYAGE OF VIZCAÍNO F. HECETA and BODEGA and the EXPEDITION to TRINIDAD HEAD G. FATHER SERRA'S PLANS H. GEORGE VANCOUVER SAILS the PACIFIC I. AMERICAN SHIP CAPTAINS VISIT the AREA 1. Captain William Shaler 2. Captain Jonathan Winship J. THE RUSSIANS off the HUMBOLDT COAST K. THE SCHOONER COLUMBIA in TRINIDAD BAY L. COMMENTS and RECOMMENDATIONS III. THE HINTERLAND IS PENETRATED A. JED SMITH PENETRATES the REDWOODS 1. General Background to Smith's Visit 2. Smith and His Company Cross the Mountains and Descend Trinity 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Legislating for Results: Policy and Performance Analysis
    NEW MEXICO LEGISLATIVE FINANCE COMMITTEE LEGISLATING FOR RESULTS: POLICY AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS Volume 1 Report to the Fifty-Fifth Legislature, First Session VOLUME 1 Legislative Finance Committee Report For Fiscal Year 2022 January 2021 for the 2022 Fiscal Year lfc fy22 vol 1 cover.indd 2 12/3/2020 9:04:02 AM Senator Roberto “Bobby” Gonzales State of New Mexico Representative Patricia A. Lundstrom Chairman Vice Chairwoman LEGISLATIVE FINANCE Senator William F. Burt COMMITTEE Representative Phelps Anderson Senator Pete Campos Representative Gail Armstrong Senator George K. Munoz Representative Randal S. Crowder Senator Steven P. Neville Representative Rudolpho “Rudy” S. Martinez Senator Mary Kay Papen Representative Javier Martinez Senator Clemente “Memé” Sanchez Representative Candie G. Sweetser Senator James P. White Representative G. Andrés Romero David Abbey Director 325 Don Gaspar, Suite 101 • Santa Fe, NM 87501 Phone (505) 986-4550 • Fax: (505) 986-4545 Honorable Members Fifty-Fifth Legislature, First Session State Capitol Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501 Dear Fellow Legislators: Pursuant to Section 2-5-4 NMSA 1978, the fiscal year 2022 budget recommendation of the Legislative Finance Committee is provided to you. The committee recommendation for recurring appropriations from the general fund is a little more than requested at $7.36 billion, up $298.4 million, or 4 percent, from FY21 spending levels. While revenues in FY21 are expected to decline from the current year, and revenues for the current year are down from the prior year, the state is in a better position than initially anticipated, with good financial planning by the Legislature and federal stimulus support to businesses and the unemployed partially offsetting the effects of a pandemic-induced gutting of the economy and a crash in oil prices and production.
    [Show full text]