Table of Contents

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Table of Contents Table of Contents Preface . ix 1. Open Source Licensing, Contract, and Copyright Law . 1 Basic Principles of Copyright Law 1 Contract and Copyright 3 Open Source Software Licensing 4 Issues with Copyrights and Patents 7 The Open Source Definition 8 Warranties 11 2. The MIT, BSD, Apache, and Academic Free Licenses . 14 The MIT (or X) License 14 The BSD License 15 The Apache License, v1.1 and v2.0 17 The Academic Free License 24 Application and Philosophy 30 3. The GPL, LGPL, and Mozilla Licenses . 34 GNU General Public License 35 GNU Lesser General Public License 49 The Mozilla Public License 1.1 (MPL 1.1) 62 Application and Philosophy 81 4. Qt, Artistic, and Creative Commons Licenses . 85 The Q Public License 85 Artistic License (Perl) 90 Creative Commons Licenses 98 vii 5. Non-Open Source Licenses . 114 Classic Proprietary License 114 Sun Community Source License 120 Microsoft Shared Source Initiative 144 6. Legal Impacts of Open Source and Free Software Licensing . 147 Entering Contracts 148 Statutory Developments Related to Software Contracts 150 The Self-Enforcing Nature of Open Source and Free Software Licenses 151 The Global Scope of Open Source and Free Software Licensing 153 The “Negative Effects” of Open Source and Free Software Licensing 154 Community Enforcement of Open Source and Free Software Licenses 158 Compatible and Incompatible Licensing: Multiple and Cross Licensing 159 7. Software Development Using Open Source and Free Software Licenses . 164 Models of Open Source and Free Software Development 164 Forking 171 Choosing an Open Source or Free Software License 174 Drafting Open Source Licenses 176 Appendix: Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License . 179 Index . 185 viii | Table of Contents.
Recommended publications
  • Artistic License
    Perl version 5.10.0 documentation - perlartistic NAME perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License SYNOPSIS You can refer to this document in Pod via "L<perlartistic>" Or you can see this document by entering "perldoc perlartistic" DESCRIPTION This is "The Artistic License". It's here so that modules,programs, etc., that want to declare this as their distributionlicense, can link to it. It is also one of the two licenses Perl allows itself to beredistributed and/or modified; for the other one, the GNU GeneralPublic License, see the perlgpl. The "Artistic License" Preamble The intent of this document is to state the conditions under which aPackage may be copied, such that the Copyright Holder maintains somesemblance of artistic control over the development of the package,while giving the users of the package the right to use and distributethe Package in a more-or-less customary fashion, plus the right to makereasonable modifications. Definitions "Package" refers to the collection of files distributed by theCopyright Holder, and derivatives of that collection of files createdthrough textual modification. "Standard Version" refers to such a Package if it has not beenmodified, or has been modified in accordance with the wishes of theCopyright Holder as specified below. "Copyright Holder" is whoever is named in the copyright orcopyrights for the package. "You" is you, if you're thinking about copying or distributing this Package. "Reasonable copying fee" is whatever you can justify on the basisof media cost, duplication charges, time of people involved, and so on.(You will not be required to justify it to the Copyright Holder, butonly to the computing community at large as a market that must bear thefee.) "Freely Available" means that no fee is charged for the itemitself, though there may be fees involved in handling the item.
    [Show full text]
  • Shared Source Licensing Program for the Windows Embedded Compact (Formerly Windows CE) Platform
    9/6/2020 Shared Source Initiative | Licensing Program for the Windows Embedded Compact Platform Search Microsoft.com PRODUCTS STORE DOWNLOADS SUPPORT United States Shared Source Initiative > Windows Embedded Compact Source Licensing Program Shared Source Licensing Program for the Windows® Embedded Compact (formerly Windows CE) Platform Shared Source Licensing Programs Overview Microsoft offers a Shared Source licensing program for the Windows Embedded Compact (formerly Windows CE) platform. This program is applicable to the Windows Embedded Compact and Windows Embedded CE products. The Windows Embedded Shared Source program helps OEMs and developers speed development, reduce troubleshooting and code debugging time, receive assistance in remote device support and gain a deeper technical understanding of Windows Embedded Compact software. Public/Sample Source code is built at no additional cost into the purchased copies of the Windows Embedded Compact Platform Builder toolkit and provides access to nearly 4 million lines of code. Depending on a partner’s needs and qualifications, deeper levels of Shared Source code access (Private and Premium) are available. How to Participate Public/Sample Shared Source Public/Sample Shared Source code is available at no additional cost with each purchased copy of the Windows Embedded Compact 7 Platform Builder toolkit. Private Shared Source Private Shared Source Code is an optional component of the Windows Embedded Compact 7 Platform Builder toolkit that can be installed during the setup process. The toolkit user must electronically accept the terms and conditions of the Shared Source licensing agreement (EULA) before the Private source code can be installed. Premium Derivatives Program Microsoft also offers Premium access to advanced Windows Embedded Compact 7 source code through the Premium Derivatives licensing program.
    [Show full text]
  • Ubuntu Unleashed 2013 Edition: Covering 12.10 and 13.04
    Matthew Helmke with Andrew Hudson and Paul Hudson Ubuntu UNLEASHED 2013 Edition 800 East 96th Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46240 USA Ubuntu Unleashed 2013 Edition Editor-in-Chief Copyright © 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. Mark Taub All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval Acquisitions Editor system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, record- Debra Williams ing, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Although every Cauley precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author Development Editor assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Nor is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. Michael Thurston ISBN-13: 978-0-672-33624-9 Managing Editor ISBN-10: 0-672-33624-3 Kristy Hart Project Editor The Library of Congress cataloging-in-publication data is on file. Jovana Shirley Printed in the United States of America Copy Editor First Printing December 2012 Charlotte Kughen Trademarks Indexer All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have Angie Martin been appropriately capitalized. Sams Publishing cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity Proofreader of any trademark or service mark. Language Logistics Warning and Disclaimer Technical Editors Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate as Chris Johnston possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied.
    [Show full text]
  • License Agreement
    TAGARNO MOVE, FHD PRESTIGE/TREND/UNO License Agreement Version 2021.08.19 Table of Contents Table of Contents License Agreement ................................................................................................................................................ 4 Open Source & 3rd-party Licenses, MOVE ............................................................................................................ 4 Open Source & 3rd-party Licenses, PRESTIGE/TREND/UNO ................................................................................. 4 atk ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5 base-files ............................................................................................................................................................ 5 base-passwd ...................................................................................................................................................... 5 BSP (Board Support Package) ............................................................................................................................ 5 busybox.............................................................................................................................................................. 5 bzip2 .................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Artistic License 2.0
    Artistic License 2.0 Copyright (c) 2000-2006, The Perl Foundation. Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. Preamble This license establishes the terms under which a given free software Package may be copied, modified, distributed, and/or redistributed. The intent is that the Copyright Holder maintains some artistic control over the development of that Package while still keeping the Package available as open source and free software. You are always permitted to make arrangements wholly outside of this license directly with the Copyright Holder of a given Package. If the terms of this license do not permit the full use that you propose to make of the Package, you should contact the Copyright Holder and seek a different licensing arrangement. Definitions "Copyright Holder" means the individual(s) or organization(s) named in the copyright notice for the entire Package. "Contributor" means any party that has contributed code or other material to the Package, in accordance with the Copyright Holder's procedures. "You" and "your" means any person who would like to copy, distribute, or modify the Package. "Package" means the collection of files distributed by the Copyright Holder, and derivatives of that collection and/or of those files. A given Package may consist of either the Standard Version, or a Modified Version. "Distribute" means providing a copy of the Package or making it accessible to anyone else, or in the case of a company or organization, to others outside of your company or organization. "Distributor Fee" means any fee that you charge for Distributing this Package or providing support for this Package to another party.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Source Software: Avoiding the Pitfalls; Reaping the Rewards
    McCarthy Tétrault LLP Open Source Software: Avoiding the Pitfalls; Reaping the Rewards Charles Morgan Presentation to the ALAI Auberge Le Saint-Gabriel September 24, 2003 McCarthy Tétrault Open Source »What is Open Source? »Brief History of Open Source »OSI Open Source Definition »Open Source Licenses »Open Source Business Models »Rewards & Pitfalls »Open Source Tips McCarthy Tétrault LLP What is Open Source? » Open source software can generally be defined by four freedoms: • The freedom to use the program • The freedom to examine and change the source code • The freedom to distribute the program • The freedom to distribute any changes to the source code McCarthy Tétrault LLP What is Open Source? » Nine core principles: • Free Distribution – no restriction on distribution of the software as a component of an aggregate software distribution (including royalty or fee) • Source Code - the source code must be accessible • Derived Works - license must allow modifications and derived works, and must allow them to be distributed under the same terms as the license of the original software • Integrity of the Author’s Source Code - the license may restrict source code from being distributed in modified form only if the license allows the distribution of ‘patch files’ with the source code McCarthy Tétrault LLP What is Open Source? • No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups - the license must not discriminate against any person or group of persons • No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor - the license must not restrict anyone from making
    [Show full text]
  • Open Source Mit Vorsicht Zu Geniessen
    Achim Patzner, Dr. Walter Speth, active BIT1, Bonn Open Source mit Vorsicht zu geniessen Seit Richard Stallman in den 80ern die Free Software Foundation ins Leben gerufen hat, geistert der Begriff der freien Software durch die Branche und wird allzu oft voreilig als lizenzfrei und/oder kostenfrei missverstanden. Das Gegenteil kann der Fall sein: Die Wahl für eine Open Source Plattform kann Herstellern ein Lizenzmodell aufoktroyieren, das mit den Unternehmenszielen nicht vereinbar ist. Zeit für eine Richtigstellung: Nach der "public domain software" und der bereits genannten "free software" kam im Siegeszug von Linux und mit der Veröffentlichung der Quellen des Netscape-Browsers im Mozilla-Projekt Anfang 1998 die "open source software" und mittlerweile aus dem Hause Microsoft auch noch den Begriff der "shared software" (man hat verstanden, dass derartige Campagnen durchaus Marketing-Charakter tragen). Die Free Software Foundation distanziert sich übrigens vom Begriff "open source Software"2. Allerdings steht gerade dieser Begriff für das kollektive Erstellen von Software-Projekten, aber weniger wegen eines speziellen philosophischen Ansatzes, sondern weil er zu einer Zeit geprägt wurde, in der die hohe Durchdringung der weltweiten Vernetzung die Kommunikation innerhalb der Entwicklergemeinschaft ermöglichte und weil Linux als augenscheinlicher Vertreter für Open-Source-Produkte den Kondensationskern für das Bewusstsein von kostenfreier Software darstellte. Richard Stallman wollte "Freiheit für Software", er wollte aber nicht Software im Sinne von Freibier (so seine eigene Formulierung). Die Freiheit besteht im wesentlichen darin, dass der Hersteller sein geistiges Erzeugnis, die Sourcen verfügbar macht. Deren Nutzung ist allerdings durchaus im rechtlichen Rahmen der mitgelieferten Lizenzvereinbarung zu sehen. Es geht also weder darum, Software - 2 - ohne lizenzrechtliche Einschränkungen nutzen zu können, noch geht es darum, die Anwender mit lizenzfreier Software zu versorgen.
    [Show full text]
  • Microsoft's Shared Source Initiative As an Alternative to Open
    How open is open? Microsoft’s Shared Source Initiative as an Alternative to Open Source Software Anne-Kathrin Kuehnel Department of Law and Criminology, University of Wales Aberystwyth Email: [email protected] Introduction: “Judging a Book by its Cover” There are few certainties in life: everybody is playing football but, in the end, Germany wins. The murderer is always the butler. Or the gardener. It never rains in “Midsomer Murders”. Until recently, one of these used to be “Open Source good, Microsoft bad.” But now, it would appear that times have, indeed, changed and nothing in the software industry is as perceived and traditional wisdom would have it: Microsoft is opening up some of its source code. Over the past few years, Microsoft has promoted a project called “Shared Source Initiative” which allows access to source code to certain customers (e.g. research institutions and independent software vendors) on a restricted basis. Furthermore, it has also introduced some licenses which appear to give unrestricted access to source code and seem to closely resemble ‘traditional’ Open Source licenses. Given that availability of source code is a prime characteristic of Open Source Software it could be argued that Microsoft has embraced the Open Source Software philosophy. And indeed, one of Microsoft’s sharpest critics, Lawrence Lessig, is openly praising Microsoft for its Shared Source Initiative for opening up some of their source code.1 Rumour also has it that Microsoft has at least been thinking about submitting some of their licenses to the Open Source Initiative for certification.2 Does this mean that Microsoft has (finally) seen the light and embraced the Open Source philosophy? If Open Source Software was only defined by the accessibility of source code, the availability of source code would equal open source.
    [Show full text]
  • Ubuntu: Unleashed 2017 Edition
    Matthew Helmke with Andrew Hudson and Paul Hudson Ubuntu UNLEASHED 2017 Edition 800 East 96th Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46240 USA Ubuntu Unleashed 2017 Edition Editor-in-Chief Copyright © 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc. Mark Taub All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected Acquisitions Editor by copyright, and permission must be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohib- Debra Williams ited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information Cauley regarding permissions, request forms and the appropriate contacts within the Pearson Managing Editor Education Global Rights & Permissions Department, please visit www.pearsoned.com/ permissions/. Sandra Schroeder Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their Project Editor products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and Lori Lyons the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters or in all capitals. Production Manager The author and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book, but make Dhayanidhi no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in Proofreader connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained Sasirekha herein. Technical Editor For information about buying this title in bulk quantities, or for special sales opportunities (which may include electronic versions; custom cover designs; and content José Antonio Rey particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, or branding interests), Editorial Assistant please contact our corporate sales department at [email protected] or (800) 382-3419.
    [Show full text]
  • Enabling Dynamic Analysis of Legacy Embedded Systems in Full Emulated Environment Ta-Lun Yen Txone Iot/ICS Security Research Labs (Trend Micro) $(Whoami)
    Enabling dynamic analysis of Legacy Embedded Systems in full emulated environment Ta-Lun Yen TXOne IoT/ICS Security Research Labs (Trend Micro) $(whoami) ● @evanslify ● Researcher @ TXOne Networks (Trend Micro), 2019/11-present ● Reverse Engineering, protocol analysis, wireless, hardware 2 2021-07-12 Outline ● Our goals & Background of Windows CE6 ● CE6 Bootloader & power-on initialization ● Inside CE6 Application Loader & Memory management ● Reconstructing extracted binaries to dynamic execution ● Conclusion 3 2021-07-12 Our goal ● Emulate CE6 image from device with QEMU ● We don’t want to buy every hardware for research – We ended up buying one actually (for comparison) ● Serial ports & debugger is not present on every hardware 4 2021-07-12 Background of Windows CE6 5 2021-07-12 Horrors from the ancient ● WinCE hasn’t been actively exploited (yet…) ● However, it runs everywhere – In cars, Parking meters, aircraft IFEs, subway turnstiles, medical devices, power plants... 6 2021-07-12 Difference between {NT, CE} ● Microsoft Shared Source Initiative: (partial) source code ● Loosely adheres to NT APIs and behavior ● Real-time OS 7 2021-07-12 Difference between {NT, CE} ● While having different APIs and behaviors between CE and NT... ● Some exploits and techniques might work on both CE & NT – ...with some efforts, e.g MS17-010 [1] [1] https://www.fracturelabs.com/posts/2017/exploiting-ms17-010-on-windows-embedded-7- devices/ 8 2021-07-12 Current methods to study CE6 firmware ● File extraction – https://github.com/nlitsme/eimgfs (was dumprom)
    [Show full text]
  • Incorporating the Commons: a Political Economic Analysis
    INCORPORATING THE COMMONS: A POLITICAL ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CORPORATE INVOLVEMENT IN FREE AND OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE by BENJAMIN J. BIRKINBINE A DISSERTATION Presented to the School of Journalism and Communication and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy September 2014 DISSERTATION APPROVAL PAGE Student: Benjamin J. Birkinbine Title: Incorporating the Commons: A Political Economic Analysis of Corporate Involvement in Free and Open Source Software This dissertation has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in the School of Journalism and Communication by: Dr. Janet Wasko Chairperson Dr. Biswarup Sen Core Member Dr. Gabriela Martinez Core Member Eric Priest, J.D. Institutional Representative and J. Andrew Berglund Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded September 2014 ii DISSERTATION ABSTRACT Benjamin J. Birkinbine Doctor of Philosophy School of Journalism and Communication September 2014 Title: Incorporating the Commons: A Political Economic Analysis of Corporate Involvement in Free and Open Source Software Free (libre) and open source software (FLOSS) emerged in the 1980s as a radical alternative to proprietary software. Fighting back against what FLOSS enthusiasts viewed as overly restrictive intellectual property protections placed on proprietary software, FLOSS was designed with the intent of granting users the right to study, modify, adapt, or otherwise tinker with the source code of software. As such, FLOSS users were able to collaborate in producing software that could be distributed freely and widely to others, who could, in turn, make changes to the software.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    Table of Contents Preface . ix 1. Open Source Licensing, Contract, and Copyright Law . 1 Basic Principles of Copyright Law 1 Contract and Copyright 3 Open Source Software Licensing 4 Issues with Copyrights and Patents 7 The Open Source Definition 8 Warranties 11 2. The MIT, BSD, Apache, and Academic Free Licenses . 14 The MIT (or X) License 14 The BSD License 15 The Apache License, v1.1 and v2.0 17 The Academic Free License 24 Application and Philosophy 30 3. The GPL, LGPL, and Mozilla Licenses . 34 GNU General Public License 35 GNU Lesser General Public License 49 The Mozilla Public License 1.1 (MPL 1.1) 62 Application and Philosophy 81 4. Qt, Artistic, and Creative Commons Licenses . 85 The Q Public License 85 Artistic License (Perl) 90 Creative Commons Licenses 98 vii 5. Non-Open Source Licenses . 114 Classic Proprietary License 114 Sun Community Source License 120 Microsoft Shared Source Initiative 144 6. Legal Impacts of Open Source and Free Software Licensing . 147 Entering Contracts 148 Statutory Developments Related to Software Contracts 150 The Self-Enforcing Nature of Open Source and Free Software Licenses 151 The Global Scope of Open Source and Free Software Licensing 153 The “Negative Effects” of Open Source and Free Software Licensing 154 Community Enforcement of Open Source and Free Software Licenses 158 Compatible and Incompatible Licensing: Multiple and Cross Licensing 159 7. Software Development Using Open Source and Free Software Licenses . 164 Models of Open Source and Free Software Development 164 Forking 171 Choosing an Open Source or Free Software License 174 Drafting Open Source Licenses 176 Appendix: Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License .
    [Show full text]