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GAZETTEJanuary-March 2020 USA

        ۡ ۡ ۤۡ ۡ ۡ ۡ ۤۡ ۡ ۡ ۡ ۡ رب اوزع ۡن ان اشکر نعمتک الیَ ۡت انعمت عل و ع یل و ِّاِلی و ان اعمل صال ًحا ت ۡر یض ہ ِّی َ ِّ ِّ َ َ ُ ِّ َ َ َ ِّ َ َ َ َ َ یَ َ َ یَ َ َ َ َ ِّ َ ُ َ ۡ َۡ ۡ َۡ َ َۡ ۡ ۡ َ و اص ِّح ِۡف رۡ ِترؕ ۡت تُ ِّا ۡ ا توت ِّالِک و ِّا ۡ ا ِّ الم ِّح ِّم َ َ ِّ ِّ ُ یِّ یَ ِّ ِّی ُ ُ َ َ َ ِّی َ ُ َ ‘My Lord, grant me the power that I may be grateful for Thy favour which Thou hast bestowed upon me and upon my parents, and that I may do such good works as may please Thee. And make my seed righteous for me. I do turn to Thee; and, truly, I am of those who submit to Thee.’ (Al-Ahqaf, 46:16)

Respected Ameer Sahib Jama’at-e-Ahmadiyya, USA. Assalamo Alaikum wa Rehmatullah. You have requested for a message to Jama’at-e-Ahmadiyya USA, expressing gratitude to Allah on the completion of 100 years, and to celebrate the Centennial of the USA Jamaat. Exactly 100 years ago today, on February 15, Hazrat sahib (rz) arrived there with the message of the Promised Messiah (as) and the spirit and enthusiasm with which he worked, and many virtuous souls entered the fold of Islam Ahmadiyyat, unfortunately their progenies went far away from Ahmadiyyat, and the Jama’at could not retain them. With this background, therefore, my first message is that with the same spirit and enthusiasm, using all your faculties, you should get involve today once again in giving the message of Islam Ahmadiyyat to the people of America. And secondly, you should find and bring back the lost generations of those virtuous souls that we could not retain earlier. We should connect with them and bring them back in the lap of Ahmadiyyat, as I have already asked you during one of my visits, after watching the pictures of the earlier converts in an exhibition. Therefore, these Centennial days should not be just to celebrate the past 100 years, but these should be to devote yourself in spreading the teaching and preaching of Ahmadiyyat with a renewed vigor and fervor. These days should be used to regenerate the dynamism and the spirit of Hazrat Mufti Muhammad Sadiq sahib (rz) to find the righteous souls, so that as the Jama’at expands here, in the same way their moral and spiritual training is also taken care. May Allah grant you the ability to do so, and may Allah grant you the strength and determination to achieve this as one united Jama’at all together, so that very soon this country comes in the fold of Islam Ahmadiyyat and it is enlightened in the light of Allah and His Messenger (Peace and Blessings of Allah be on him). Wassalam, Khaksar Khalifatul Masih V

New Year 2020 Message From Amir Jamā‘at Ahmadiyya USA Dear Members Assalamu ‘Alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuhu I wish you a Happy New Year. May we enter this year seeking Allah’s help and favors. May we start this year with prayers and reflection and a resolve to bring a meaningful change in our spiritual state. The year 2020 is also a significant milestone in the history of Jamā’at Ahmadiyya in USA. This year will have been 100 years since Jamā’at was established in this country in 1920. But mere counting of numbers is not a reason for celebration. Rather, cultivating love of Allah in our hearts and in the hearts of our children, family, and friends is. Let us pray and strive to bring a profound change in our spiritual and moral state, as well as bring those of us who had wandered away from the Jamā’at and Khilafat back to the Jamā‘at of Ḥaḍrat Promised Messiah (‘Alaih-is-Salam). May Allah keep us under His protection year after year and forgive our sins. May He make us true Unitarian. Wassalām Khaksar Mirza Maghfoor Ahmad, Amir Jamā’at USA Dated: 31 December, 2019

Vol. 72. No. 1-3–Jumāda al-Ūlā - Rajab 1441 AH— Ṣulḥ - Amān 1399 HS — January - March 2020

Patron: Sahibzada Dr. Mirza Maghfoor Ahmad Amīr Jamā‘at Aḥmadiyya USA In this Issue Adviser: Missionary In-Charge NEW YEAR 2020 MESSAGE FROM AMIR JAMĀ‘AT Management Board: Chairman: Faheem Yunus. Secretary: Secretary Publications AHMADIYYA USA ...... 1 Members: General Secretary, Secretary Tarbiyat, Secretary Ta'lim-ul- JUSTICE AND FAIR DEALINGS GUIDANCE FROM THE HOLY , Secretary Umur Amma, Secretary Rishtā Nata, Missionary Faran Rabbani, Dhul Waqar Yaqub QUR’AN...... 3 Chief Editor: Syed Sajid Ahmad Editor: Dr. Mahmud Ahmad Nagi JUSTICE AND FAIR DEALING ...... 4 Latif Ahmed Design Lead: MAIN EVENTS OF THE KHILĀFAT OF KHALIFAT-UL-MASĪḤ Graphics Team: Rashid Arshad. Sumera Ahmad. R Naveed Malik, Silver Spring. II ...... 5 Online Gazette: Hammad Malik. Jaleel Akbar. FRIDAY SERMONS DELIVERED BY KHALĪFAT-UL-MASĪḤ V . 8 IT: Munawar Saqib Lajna Contact: Syeda Bushra Sultana Ahmad KHILAFAT NEWS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS ...... 10 Visit us at AḥmadiyyaGazette.us The Aḥmadiyya Gazette USA THE RAIL LINK TO QĀDIĀN – A VISION OF KHALIFATUL Baitur-Rahman, 15000 Good Hope Road, MASĪḤ IIR ...... 12 Silver Spring, MD 20905 Phone: 301-879-0110 FAX: 301-879-0115 ORGANIC VS INORGANIC AGRICULTURE ...... 13 e-mails: gazette@Aḥmadiyya.us publications@Aḥmadiyya.us ACTIVITIES AND NEWS OF US AHMADIYYA MUSLIM Acronyms for salutations used in this publication COMMUNITY ...... 14 s.a./s: Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam (may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) CONSOLIDATION OF JAMĀ’AT AHMADIYYA IN THE a.s./a: ‘Alaih-is-Salām GAMBIA ...... 18 r.a.: Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu/‘Anha (may Allah be pleased with him/her) SUSTENANCE AND SUPPORT ...... 19 r.h.: Raḥimahullāhu Ta‘ālā (may Allah shower His mercy on him) a.b.a.: Ayyadahullāhu Ta‘ālā Bi-Naṣrihil-‘Azīz (may Allah support him with His mighty help)

Disclaimer: The material presented herein reflects the original content of the authors. To the extent possible, Gazette staff has attempted to screen the material for accuracy and appropriateness but some oversights may have occurred. If the reader identifies a mistake and/or would like to comment on some of the material, please contact Gazette staff (gazette@Aḥmadiyya.us).

The Aḥmadiyya Gazette USA is published by The Aḥmadiyya Movement in Islam, Inc., at Fazl-i-Umar Press, P.O. Box 226, Chauncey, OH 45719 Periodical Postage Paid at Chauncey, Ohio Postmaster: Send address changes to The Aḥmadiyya Gazette

P.O. Box 226, Chauncey, OH 45719-0026 Verse numbers in the references from the Holy Qur’ān count Tasmiya Subscribe at amibookstore.us. at the beginning of a chapter as the first verse.

Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  2  January-February-March 2020

Justice and Fair Dealings Guidance from the Holy Qur’an

Allah forbids you not, respecting those who have not fought against you on account of your religion, and who have not driven you forth from your homes, that you be kind to them and act equitably towards them; surely Allah loves those who are equitable. (60:9) ‘And approach not the property of the orphan, except in a way which is best, till he attains his maturity. And give full measure and weight with equity. We task not any soul except according to its capacity. And when you speak, observe justice, even if the concerned person be a relative, and fulfil the covenant of Allah. That is what He enjoins upon you, that you may remember.’ (6:153)

Guidance from the Holy Prophet (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam)

If anyone seeks the office of judge among Muslims till he gets it and his justice prevails over his tyranny, he will go to Paradise; but the man whose tyranny prevails over his justice will go to Hell. (Sunan Abī Dawūd) "Those who are just and fair will be with Allah, Most High, on thrones of light, at the right hand of the Most Merciful, those who are just in their rulings and in their dealings with their families and those of whom they are in charge." (Sunan an-Nasā’ī)

Guidance from the Promised Messiah (‘Alaih-is-Salām) It may also be noted that despite the extent of the injustice done to his Companions, our Holy Prophet (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) did not of his own accord suggest any plan of escape. Instead, he repeatedly urged them to be patient despite much suffering. Anyone begging permission to retaliate was stopped and told: “I have been commanded to be patient.” Until the commandment to retaliate descended from Heaven, the Holy Prophet (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) always preached forbearance and tolerance. Search for an example of comparable fortitude from the earliest to the most recent of times. If possible, try to find an example of such behavior from among the followers of Mosesas or the disciples of Jesusas and show it to us. To summarize, Islam excels all other faiths in the demonstration it provides of patience, rejecting evil and noble conduct. It would be foolish, unfortunate and wrong for Muslims to abandon this example. May God bring these ignorant Maulvis back to the right path. They have misled the populace into believing that the keys to Paradise lie in beliefs that are oppressive, cruel and completely immoral. Can it be a good deed to shoot a complete stranger, intending to kill him while he is absorbed in thought? Is this religiousness? If these are acts of any virtue, then animals are more virtuous than human beings. Glory be to God! How truly inspired by the spirit of the Prophets and the righteous were those who behaved like humble, weak babies when commanded in Mecca not to resist evil even if they were cut to pieces, acting as if their hands and arms possessed no strength. Some of them were killed in the following manner: two camels were made to stand close to each other, while each of the victim’s legs were tied to the camels. Then, the camels were made to run in opposite directions. The victims were immediately torn apart just as a carrot or radish is split open. (Ref: British Government and Jehad by of Qādiān, the Promised Messiah and Mahdi, p. 13-14)

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Justice and Fair Dealing Ḥaḍrat Mirza Bashir-ud-Din Mahmud Ahmad, Khalifat-ul-Masih-II About the Author: Mirza Bashiruddin Mahmud Ahmadra, the Promised Reformer, was the eldest son and the second successor of the Promised Messiah (‘Alaih-is-Salām). He guided the Jamā’at for more than 50 years. He initiated various schemes, organizations, and programs to accomplish the mission of the Promised Messiah (‘Alaih- is-Salām)—the daunting task of spreading the message of Islam to the world. The were greatly given to (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) heard Muslims. But the Prophet (Ṣallallahu favoritism and applied different his groans and was unable to sleep. ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) did not make this standards to different persons. Even The Companions of the Prophet reply. He severely reprimanded the among the so-called civilized nations (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam), members of the party, refused to of today one observes a reluctance to perceiving this, loosened the rope that accept the booty and according to bring prominent persons or persons bound ‘Abbasra. When the Prophet some reports even paid the blood- occupying high positions or offices to (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) got to money for the person killed, till the account for their doings, though the learn of this, he directed that all revelation of 2: 218 cleared the whole law is enforced rigorously against the prisoners should be treated alike, position (Tabari and Halbiyyah). common citizen. The Holy Prophet saying that there was no reason for People are generally careful not to (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) was, showing favor to his own relative. He hurt the feelings of their friends and however, unique in enforcing uniform insisted that either they must loosen relations but the Holy Prophet standards of justice and fair dealing. the bonds of all the prisoners or must (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) was On one occasion a case came before tighten the bonds of ‘Abbasra like very particular in this respect even him in which a young woman those of the others. As the regarding people who were opposed belonging to a highly respectable Companions of the Prophet to him. On one occasion a Jew came family was found to have committed (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) did not to him and complained that Abu theft. This caused great consternation wish him to be subjected to Bakrra had hurt his feelings by saying as, if the normal penalty were uneasiness on account of his uncle that God had exalted Muhammad imposed upon the young woman, a they undertook to guard the prisoners (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) above leading family would be humiliated carefully and loosened the bonds of all Mosesas. The Prophet (Ṣallallahu and disgraced. Many were anxious to of them (Zurqani, Vol. 3, p. 279). ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) summoned Abu intercede with the Prophet (Ṣallallahu Even during the exigencies of Bakrra and asked him what had ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) on behalf of the war, he was most particular in transpired. Abu Bakrra explained that offender but were afraid to do so. observing all accepted rules and the Jew had started by saying that he Eventually Usamara was prevailed conventions. On one occasion he swore by Mosesas whom God, he said, upon to undertake the mission. dispatched a party of his Companions had exalted above the whole of Usamara went to the Holy Prophet on a scouting expedition. They mankind, and that he (Abu Bakrra) (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) but the encountered some men of the enemy had thereupon retorted by swearing moment the latter perceived the trend on the last day of the Sacred Month, by Muhammad (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa of his submission he was much upset Rajab. Thinking that it would be Sallam), whom God had exalted and said: "You had better desist. dangerous to let them escape and above Mosesas. The Prophet Nations have come to a bad end for carry to Mecca the tidings of the (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) said: showing favors to highly placed scouting party being so near, they "You should not have said this as the persons while pressing hard on the attacked them and in the course of the feelings of other people should be common people. Islam does not skirmish one of them was killed. After respected. Nobody should exalt me permit this and I will certainly not do the scouting party had returned to above Mosesas" (Bukhari, Kitāb-ut- it. Verily, if my own daughter, Medina the Meccans began to protest Tauhid). This did not mean that the Fatimara, were to commit an offence I that the Muslim scouts had killed one Holy Prophet (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa would not hesitate to impose the of their men in the Sacred Month. The Sallam) did not in fact occupy a higher appropriate penalty" (Bukhari, Kitāb- Meccans had often been guilty of position than Mosesas but that an ul-Hudūd). violating the sanctity of the Sacred affirmation like this addressed to a Its ha already been related that Months vis-a-vis the Muslims Jew was likely to hurt his feelings and when the Prophet's uncle ‘Abbasra whenever it suited them, and it would should have been avoided. (Ref: became a prisoner in the Battle of have been a suitable reply to their Ahmad, Mirza Bashir-ud-Din Badr, he was, like other prisoners, protest to say that as the Meccans had Mahmud, the Life of Muhammad, tied up with a rope to prevent his themselves set at naught the Islam International Publications Ltd escape. The rope was so tightly convention relating to the Sacred , , GU10 2AQ, UK, p. 219 secured that he groaned with pain Months, so they were not entitled to to 221) during the night. The Prophet insist upon their observance by

Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  4  January-February-March 2020

Main Events of the Khilāfat of Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ IIr Compiled by Mahmud Ahmad Nagi Columbus Ohio Date Event 15 Dec 1926 Misbah, monthly magazine for Ahmadi women, started publication under the editorship of Qazi Zahoor-ud-Din Akmal. Mar 1927 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) delivered a speech in Habibiya Hall Lahore on the topic ‘Science and Religion’. Famous Urdu poet, Sir Muhammad Iqbal, chaired the session. 1927 Mr. Rajpal, a Hindu, wrote a book ‘Rangeela Rasool’ maligning the character of the Holy Prophet of Islam wrongly. Rajpal was acquitted by court after his sentencing. General Muslim public wanted to respond with civil disobedience but Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) initiated a peaceful but practical and effective scheme for the protection and promotion of the honor of the Holy Prophet. 1927 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) met Qā’id-i-Azam, Jinnah, in Shimla and discussed separate electorate system for India. 1928 Niẓārat Ta‘lim-o-Tarbiyat operated schools for boys, girls and missionaries, and for tailoring education, and Ahmadiyya hostel. 1928 For educating ladies in Islamic education, Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) encouraged ‘Dars-ul-Quran’ at home. 15 Apr 1928 Jāmi‘a Ahmadiyya established. 17 June 1928 ‘Seerat-un-Nabi’ meetings were launched all over India. Al-Fazl published a special edition on ‘Khatam-un-Nabiyyeen’. Ahmadi scholars were asked to deliver speeches at different places. It resulted in the gathering different Muslim sects on one platform. 1928 All parties’ convention took place in Calcutta. Muhammad Ali Jinnah represented Muslim League and Ḥaḍrat Mufti Muhammad Sadiq (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) represented Jamā’at Ahmadiyya. 19 Dec 1928 First Railway train departed Amritsar for Qādiān. [Haji Muhammad Musa (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) worked tirelessly to bring rail to Qādiān]. Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II himself boarded the train at Amritsar. 1930 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) instructed Chaudhri Zafrulla Khan (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) to participate in the Round Table Conference. Qā’id-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah said, ‘The intellect of Zafarulla Khan is a big gift from God.’ Feb 1930 ‘Amat-ul-Hayy Library’ in Qādiān was inaugurated for Ahmadi ladies. Feb 1931 A mission in Java was opened by Missionary Rahmat Ali (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) . 4-5 July 1930 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) participated in All Muslim Parties’ Conference. Sept 1931 A mission in Sri Lanka was opened 16 years after the establishment of the Jamā’at there. 1931 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) accepted to be the President of Kashmir Committee on strong insistence of Sir Muhammad Iqbal. Kashmir Committee was formed to help improve the condition of Muslims in Kashmir. 1931 A newspaper ‘Islah’ started its publication in Srinagar by Muhammad Amin Qureshi to safeguard the rights of Muslims in Kashmir. 1932 Ḥaḍrat Chaudhri Zafrulla Khan (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) was appointed a member in the Executive Council of the Viceroy of India. 1933 Ḥaḍrat Chaudhri Zafrulla Khan participated in Third Round Table Conference in London that discussed matters related to the political situation of India. 1933 Ḥaḍrat Abd-ur-Rahim Dard, Imam of the London , persuaded Qā’id-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah to go back to India to pursue independence movement in India rather than to live in London permanently. 1934 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) made arrangement to collect and compile the revelations, dreams and visions of the Promised Messiah (‘Alaih-is-Salām) under the title ‘Tadhkirah.’ 7 Apr 1934 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) inaugurated Ahmadiyya mosque in Lyallpur (presently Faisalabad).

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Date Event Middle 1935 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) said in reference to the Ahrar agitation against Ahmadis: ‘…. the land is slipping from under the feet of our enemies and I am seeing their defeat approaching them. More they plan and more they raise the slogans of their success, more I see their permanent death.’ They attempted to kill Ḥaḍrat Mirza Sharif Ahmad (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) . Maulana Zafar Ali Khan, a prominent leader wrote many poems and articles against Ahrar. In one of his speeches he said: ‘The money of poor is being swallowed in guise of [opposing] Qādiānyat [that is, Ahmadiyyat]. Mirza Mahmood [Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II] has knowledge of Quran. He has distinguished preachers. Ahrar cannot even read simple Quran. Abuse ‘Marzais’ [Ahmadis] is not spreading Islam. 1935 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II announced Taḥrīk-e-Jadīd Scheme with 19 demands about leading simple lives and austerity. Ahmadīs were asked to pay 1/5th or 1/3rd of their income for the needs of the Jamā’at. He demanded from Jamā’at Rs. 27000.00 in one year. Jamā’at presented Rs. 33000.00 in ninety days and promised more than Rs. 100,000.00. 26 Feb 1936 Ḥaḍrat Maulawi Sher Ali (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) was sent to England to translate the Holy Quran in English. June 1935 A newspaper ‘Muslim Times’ and a magazine ‘Al-Islam’ started publication from London. 2 Oct 1935 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) was married to Ḥaḍrat Syeda Maryam Siddiqa daughter of Ḥaḍrat Dr Mir Muhammad Ismail (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) . Dowery was fixed at Rs. 1,000.00. Ḥaḍrat Mufti Muhammad Sadiq (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) announced the Nikah and about 1,500 people attended the ceremony. 21 Feb 1936 A mission in Hungry was opened under Taḥrīk-e-Jadīd Scheme. 1938 Establishment of Majlis Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyya, an organization for Ahmadi men 16-40 years old, was announced. 1938 Ḥaḍrat Maulana Jalal-ud-Din Shams (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) published an announcement in London about the tomb of Jesus Christ. Feb 1939 Establishment of Majlis Nāsirāt-ul-Ahmadiyya was announced to organize Ahmadi girls 7-15 years old. 1939 The Holy Quran was translated into Gurumukhi and Hindi languages. Jan 1940 Hijri Shamsi Calendar, a solar calendar since the migration of the Holy Prophet from Mecca to Medina, was introduced by the Khalifat-ul-Masih II. Jan 1940 Establishment of Majlis Anṣārullāh, an organization for Ahmadi men over 40, was announced and Ḥaḍrat Maulawi Sher Ali (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) was appointed its president. 25 May 1941 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) delivered a speech from All India Radio about the situation in Iraq. Jan 1942 Magazine ‘Al-Furqan’ was launched to publish scholarly articles. 10 Oct 1942 The foundation stone of the offices of Majlis Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyya was laid. 27 Oct 1943 The constitution of Majlis Anṣārullāh was written. 5-6 Jan 1944 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) announced that he was the Promised Reformer (Muslih-i- Mau’ūd). He said, ‘I have no doubt that this prophecy is about me. It has been revealed to me by God that I am the Muslih-i-Mau’ūd. He announced this at the residence of Shaikh Bashir Ahmad, advocate, Lahore. 28 Jan 1944 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) also announced about the fulfillment of the prophecy of Muslih -i-Mau’ūd in Friday sermon. 5 March 1944 Ḥaḍrat Sayyida Ummi Tāhir passed away after a protracted illness. 24 July 1944 Last Nikah of Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) took place with Sayyida Bushra Begum, daughter of Sayyid Azizullah Shah. 25 Feb 1945 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) gave a lecture on ‘Economic System of Islam’ at Ahmadiyya Hostel, Davis Road, Lahore. Mr. Ram Chand advocate presided. Sept 1946 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) met Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Mr. Gandhi in Delhi.

Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  6  January-February-March 2020

Date Event June 1947 English Translation of the Holy Quran from Surah Fātiḥa to Sura Kahf was published. Khalifat-ul- Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) wrote its preface. 15 Aug 1947 Independence Day of was celebrated in Qādiān with hoisting of Pakistani Flag and distribution of food and sweet to poor. Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) migrated to Pakistan on 31 August 1947. 15 Sept 1947 Daily Al-Fazal started its publication under the editorship of Roshan Din Tanveer. 15 Sept 1947 Taḥrīk-e-Jadīd Sadr Anjuman Ahmadiyya started its work in a room of Jaswant Singh Building in Lahore after migration of Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II from Qādiān. 27 Dec 1947 (annual convention) was held in Rattan Bagh Lahore. 1948 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) took historical tour of Pakistan cities Sialkot, Jhelum, Karachi, Peshawar, Rawalpindi and Quetta. 11 Jan 1948 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) told Chaudhri Zafarulla Khan (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) : ‘Remember that the loss of Kashmir shall result in loss of Pakistan.’ 4 July 1948 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) delivered a speech on ‘Future of Pakistan’ at Town Hall Quetta, Pakistan. 5 Sept 1948 First Jalsa Salana of US Ahmadīs was held in Dayton, Ohio. 30 Oct 1949 First Ijtimā of Majlis Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyya was held in . Nov. 1949 A newspaper ‘Al-Rahmat’ started from Lahore by Saquib Zeervi. Apr 1950 Magazine ‘Al-Manar’ started publication from Ta’lim-ul-Islam College in Rabwah. 31 May 1950 Ḥaḍrat Muslih Mau’ūd (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) laid foundation stones of the offices of Sadr Anjuman Ahmadiyya and Taḥrīk-e-Jadīd Anjuman Ahmadiyya, Pakistan. 1951 Jāmi’a Nusrat Rabwah came into being. Its first principal was Mrs. Farkhanda Mahmoodulla Shah. 20-21 Apr 1952 Ḥaḍrat Sayyieda Nusrat Jahān Begum (wife of the Promised Messiah) passed away. May 1953 Khilāfat Library was established in Rabwah. Maulana Muhammad Siddique, M.A., was nominated as its first librarian. Oct 1953 Magazine ‘Khalid’ for Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyya started publication in Rabwah. 3 March 1953 Large-scale agitation against Ahmadīs erupted in Lahore. Ḥaḍrat Musleh Mau’ūd (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) said: ‘God is running towards me for help. He is with me. He is in me.’ 23 Feb 1953 A company ‘Al-Shirkat-ul-Islamiyya’ was formed to publish Islamic literature. Maulana Jalal-ud-Din Shams (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) was made its first Chairman and Managing Director. 25 June 1953 Fadl-i-Umar Research Institute was established in Rabwah. 10 March 1954 A non-Ahmadi enemy, Abd-ul-Hameed, attacked Ḥaḍrat Muṣliḥ Mau’ūd with a knife and inflicted a deep wound of 2.25 x 2.25 inch near his neck. 24 Feb 1954 Foundation stone of mosque ‘Dar-udh-Dhikr’ was laid in Lahore. 6 Dec 1954 Ḥaḍrat Muṣliḥ Mau’ūd (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) inaugurated T.I. College, Rabwah. 20 Feb 1956 Ḥaḍrat Muṣliḥ Mau’ūd (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) laid foundation stone of Fadl-i-Umar Hospital and Office of Majlis Anṣārullāh. 19-21 1956 First Ijtimā of Lajna Ima’illa took place. 9 July 1957 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) announced new scheme ‘Waqf-e-Jadīd’ on Eid-ul-Aḍḥā to bring education and progress to remote rural areas. 21 March 1958 Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) inaugurated Fadl-i-Umar Hospital, Rabwah. 26 Dec 1961 Ḥaḍrat Mirza Sharif Ahmad (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) passed away. 1965 Mosque Bait-ul-Aqsa was approved for construction by Khalifat-ul-Masīḥ II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu). He allocated Rs. 100,000.00 for the project. 1965 Jamā’at Ahmadiyya USA completed mosque in Dayton Ohio. 7-8 Nov 1965 Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul-Masīḥ II passed away and was buried beside the tomb of Ḥaḍrat Amman Jan (may Allah be pleased with her) at Behishtī Maqbarah Rabwah. He remained on the throne of Khilāfat for 52 years. Note: The events from 1889-1926 were published in Ahmadiyya Gazette USA, vol. 70 No. 1-2, Jan-Feb 2018, p. 8-9. Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  7  January-February-March 2020

Friday Sermons Delivered by Khalīfat-ul-Masīḥ V (May Allah support him with His mighty help) 4 October 2019 at Bait-ul Ata blessings of Allah bestowed on the Badr, Khalifat-ul-Masih V Mosque, Trie Chateaux, Jamā’at. (Ayyadahullāhu Ta‘ālā ) mentioned France, on the occasion of 8 November 2019 at Bait-ul- following three Sahaba. Jalsa Sālāna Jamā’at Futūh Mosque, London 1. Ḥaḍrat Yazīd bin Thabit (May Allāh be pleased with him) Ahmadiyya France. Khalifat-ul-Masih V 2. Ḥaḍrat Mu’awwiz bin ’Amr bin The main and the only objective (Ayyadahullāhu Ta‘ālā ) announced Jamuh (May Allah be pleased of attending the Jalsa is to enhance 86th financial year of Taḥrīk-e- ̄ ̄ with him) our spiritual and moral condition. Jadīd. He quoted several examples 3. Ḥaḍrat Bishr bin Bara’ bin 11 October 2019 from the of financial sacrifices from different ̄ Ma’rūr (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) Mahdi Mosque, Strasbourg, Jamā’ats of the world. During this year, a contribution of £13.6 million France 6 December 2019 from was made towards Chanda Taḥrīk Islamabad, Khalifat-ul-Masih V Jadīd, which is an increase of Tilford, UK (Ayyadahullāhu Ta‘ālā ) gave Friday £802,000 from the previous year. sermon on “Building of and 15 November 2019 at Khalifat-ul-Masih V our responsibilities.” (Ayyadahullāhu Ta‘ālā ) spoke about Mubarak Mosque, Islamabad, Badri Companion Ḥaḍrat Hilāl bin 18 October 2019 from Tilford, UK Umayyah Wāqifi (May Allāh be Giessen, Germany Khalifat-ul-Masih V pleased with him). Khalifat-ul-Masih V (Ayyadahullāhu Ta‘ālā ) continued He announced the inauguration (Ayyadahullāhu Ta‘ālā ) spoke about the series of the accounts of the lives of a new website waqfenauintl.org, the Companions on September 20, of the Badri companions of the Holy launched by the Central Waqf-e-Nau and some accounts remained Prophet (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa department UK. Khalifat-ul-Masih V unmentioned with regard to Ḥaḍrat Sallam) from the last sermon in (Ayyadahullāhu Ta‘ālā ) urged Waqf- Khubaib bin ’Adi (May Allāh be Germany. He carried on with the e-Nau children and their parents to pleased with him). He also gave account of Ḥaḍrat Abdullah bin benefit from it. Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salūl (May account of Ḥaḍrat Abdullah bin 13 December 2019 from Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salool Allāh be pleased with him). He (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) who fought in presented some details of the Mubarak Mosque Islamabad, Battle of Badr. demeanor of ‘Abdullah bin Salool Tilford, UK 25 October 2019 from Mahdi (the chief of the hypocrites in The Holy Prophet (Ṣallallahu Abad, Nahe, Germany Madina) after this battle and how he ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) expressed his began to utter hurtful remarks about displeasure and excommunicated Khalifat-ul-Masih V the Holy Prophet (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi those three companions who did not (Ayyadahullāhu Ta‘ālā ) said: You Wa Sallam) and other Muslims. take part in Battle of Tabūk. This have built this mosque, and a few 22 November 2019 from Bait- caused them great anguish and they days ago a new mosque was also ul Futūh Mosque, London supplicated and sought Allāh’s inaugurated in Fulda and forgiveness, until Allāh accepted Wiesbaden. By the grace of Allāh, In continuation of the accounts their penitence and revealed a verse Germany Jamā‘at is continuing to of those companions who took part to this effect. build mosques under the 100- in the Battle of Badr Ḥaḍrat Khalifat- Khalifat-ul-Masih V mosques scheme. ul-Masīḥ V narrated the account of (Ayyadahullāhu Ta‘ālā ) continued Ḥaḍrat Miqdād bin Aswad (May 1 November 2019 at Mubarak the account of Badri Companions Allāh be pleased with him). Mosque, Islamabad, Tilford, and mentioned following two

UK 29 November 2019 from Bait- companions. ul-Futūh Mosque, London Khalifat-ul-Masih V Ḥaḍrat Murarah bin Rabi’i (Ayyadahullāhu Ta‘ālā ) spoke about Continuing with the accounts of ’Amri (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) his recent tour of Holland, France the Companions of the Holy Prophet Ḥaḍrat ’Utbah bin Ghazwān and Germany and reviewed the (May Allāh’s Blessings be upon him) (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) who participated in the battle of Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  8  January-February-March 2020

Ḥaḍrat Khalifat-ul-Masih V 20 December 2019 from companion Ḥaḍrat Sa‘d bin ’Ubādah (Ayyadahullāhu Ta‘ālā ) launched Mubarak Mosque Islamabad, (May Allāh be pleased with him). Daily Al-Fazl’s New website Tilford, UK 27 December 2019 from Bait- alfazlonline.org. In the last Friday Sermon, ul-Futūh Mosque, London

Khalifat-ul-Masih V (Ayyadahullāhu Khalifat-ul-Masih V

Ta‘ālā ) spoke about Ḥaḍrat ’Utbah (Ayyadahullāhu Ta‘ālā ) continued bin Ghazwān (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) account of Badri Companion Ḥaḍrat and today he continued about him. Sa‘d bin ’Ubādah (May Allāh be He also gave an account of another pleased with him).

Full original text of Friday Sermons by the Caliphs of Ahmadiyya Islam is available in print in Al-Fazl International, Al-Fazl Rabwah and Badr. These publications are also available online at alislam.org under periodicals. Translations and summaries of Friday Sermons are available in various languages on alislam.org under Friday Sermons. Weekly Al-Fazl International (Urdu) can be subscribed at amibookstore.us or by sending a check for $120 to Faiza Bajwa (Al-Fazl International), 188-15 McLaughlin Avenue, Hollis NY 11423.

Centennial Celebration at Minnesota Chapter

The Muslim Sunrise team is looking to collect all past issues of the historic publication. In the last year alone we have located nearly 10 missing issues. Please take five minutes to perform these three easy steps:

1. Gather together all your pre-2006 issues 2. Check to see if each one is uploaded on our Past Issues webpage 3. Write to [email protected] if you have an issue that is not uploaded

Please help us preserve this rich history before it is lost. Thank you.

Members can also pay for the new subscription, renewal or gifts to the local finance secretary and email the receipt number and mailing address to [email protected] Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  9  January-February-March 2020

Khilafat News and Announcements Honesty, Dedication and Righteousness – Role of an Office Bearer Khalifat-ul-Masih addressed Qaideen Forum of MKA UK

In the Ahmadiyya Muslim the Almighty is looking at them at all transformation, not just within our Community, an administrative times and will hold them Jamā’at, but also amongst the wider system, running under the direct accountable for their actions. society and humanity at large. guidance and supervision of the They should never forget that As a Qa’id, or in whichever Khalifah (caliph), helps administer though they may be able to hide position you serve the Jamā’at, you all its various activities. On 22nd things from other people, they can must prove yourself to be a person December 2019, Khalifat-ul-Masih V never conceal anything from Allah who others consider sincere and a said: the Almighty. positive role model from whom they ‘With the Grace of Allah, you He knows all that we do and can learn and benefit. have gathered here today for the whatever is in our hearts and so They should have full confidence Majlis Khuddamul Ahmadiyya keeping this in mind, every office in you and recognize that there is Qaideen Refresher Course and the bearer must strive to fulfil their nothing you ask from them that you first thing I wish to remind you is responsibilities to the best of their are not doing yourself. that ‘Qa’id’ means ‘leader’ and a abilities and save themselves from Asu yo will be aware, certain proper leader is someone who leads any form of weakness in their faith, offices within our Jamā’at are by example and takes his people on a or from neglect in their duties. elected, whilst others are made by path which he walks upon himself. You must constantly pay heed appointment. Certainly, the responsibility of a and reflect upon the pledge made by Regardless, of how a duty is Qa’id, or for that matter of any every Ahmadi to forever ‘give bestowed, it is always given with the Jamā’at or auxiliary office bearer, is precedence to their faith over all belief and expectation that the office not at all insignificant or ordinary. worldly matters.’ bearer will seek to discharge their Rather, their duty, regardless of As an office bearer, you must responsibilities with honesty, the level at which they are serving, uphold this pledge at all times and integrity and dedication. demands that they strive their utilize the skills and capabilities So, as Qā’ids, you must seek to utmost to be an excellent role model given to you by Allah the Almighty fulfil the faith placed in you by your for the other members of the for the fulfilment of your Jamā’at Majlis, by the Sadr Khuddamul Jamā’at. duties. Ahmadiyya and ultimately by In this regard, it is of paramount If all our Jamā’at office bearers Khalifa-e-Waqt. importance that all Jamā’at or serve with this spirit of keeping the You must spare no effort and auxiliary office bearers have a firm fear of Allah in their hearts, we can utilize all of your faculties and conviction in their hearts that Allah bring about a great spiritual talents to fulfil your responsibilities.

Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  10  January-February-March 2020

You must be an excellent role sent by Allah to revive the true an everlasting treasure for our model and endeavor to do full justice teachings of Islam and to bring Jamā’at. to the trust that has been placed in mankind back towards its Creator. At the same time, the Jamā’at or you. Thus, at all times, the Qaideen auxiliary office bearers should If all the Qaideen serve in this and other office bearers, must consider that they are the first way, it will lead to the success and ensure they are living their lives addressees and recipients of his prosperity of the Majlis and you will according to the teachings of the instructions and so, before anyone play your role in helping the Jamā’at Promised Messiah (‘Alaih-is-Salām). else, it is up to them to obey him in fulfil the great objectives and Only then will you be in a every single respect. mission of the Promised Messiah position to guide others towards Only if our office bearers and Imam Mahdi(may peace be on spiritual and religious prosperity. inculcate such qualities and values him). Of course, every Ahmadi should will we begin to fulfil the objectives For we have accepted that be very familiar with the instructions of the advent of the Promised person whose advent was foretold by and guidance of the Promised Messiah (‘Alaih-is-Salām) and for the Holy Prophet(sa) and who was Messiah (‘Alaih-is-Salām), which are which he founded the Jamā’at.

The Dawn of a New Islamic Golden Age – Khalifat-ul- Masih V addressed AMRA

Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad, and researchers to revive the develop new technologies or delivered a monumental address at honor and dignity of Islam in systems through which the first International Ahmadiyya the global academic arena.” humanity can benefit” Muslim Research Association 3. “For the past thirteen or 7. “Stay in contact with one (AMRA) Conference UK, held on fourteen years, I have instructed another and particularly with December 14th, 2019, in Islamabad, Ahmadi students either directly, those who are working in Tilford, UK. or through Majlis Khuddamul similar areas of research and Read below 9 salient quotes Ahmadiyya, to enter the field of learn from each other” from Huzur Anwar’s academia and research and to 8. “Work with diligence, passion (Ayyadahullāhu Ta‘ālā) address that endeavor to reach the highest and above all, constantly seek will move science into a New Golden echelons of their fields” the Help of Allah the Almighty Age, InshAllah. 4. “Consider it your mission to at every step of your academic 9 salient quotes from Huzur’s pursue excellence within your journey and keep His Majesty at address about the Mission chosen field” the forefront of your minds” 1. “Keep in view the Oneness of 5. “Follow in the footsteps of Dr 9. “May we soon come to witness God Almighty before, during Abdus Salam and those the dawn of a new Islamic and after conducting any outstanding Muslim scholars golden age of intellectual research or study” and researchers, who left progress and advancement, led 2. “At this time of intellectual behind a rich legacy of by Ahmadi Muslims across the ignorance amongst the Islamic knowledge many centuries ago” world” world, it is the great challenge 6.D “ evelop a greater for Ahmadi Muslim scientists understanding of the world and

Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  11  January-February-March 2020

The Rail Link to Qādiān – A Vision of Khalifatul Masīḥ IIr Mahmud Ahmad Nagi, Columbus, Ohio India for the coveted railway line. reached Amritsar Railway Station at To travel from Batala to Qādiān, Once he hired an Engineer to survey 3 P.M along with many members of members of the Jamā‘at had to travel Siri Gobind Pur and prepared the community. The people from eleven to twelve miles on foot or by requisite rail maps. There was a Lahore, Gujranwala and far-flung horse-driven cart. The Promised proposal to form a business areas also reached there. The Messiah (‘Alaih-is-Salām) also used entrepreneur for the project. Railway authorities had to add extra to go on foot or by riding a horse. The compartments to the train. Adhān travel was exhausting for everybody To cut short, an application was for Prayer was called near the train due to the bad condition of the road. forwarded to Railway Board for and Ḥaḍrat Khalīfat-ul-Masīḥ IIra The travel discomfort increased Batala-Qādiān Rail-link. The board led a combined Ẓuhr and Aṣr Prayers many folds during harsh summer responded positively and accepted and large community members and rainy season. the feasibility. The priority of the present at the station joined him. project was fixed as 17. Miāñ Ḥaḍrat Khalīfat-ul-Masīḥ II Ḥaḍrat Khalīfat-ul-Masīḥ IIra Muhammad Musa (Raḍiyallāhu (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) assigned a task blessed people with a handshake. He ‘Anhu) had no intention to earn any to Miāñ Muhammad Musa stood at the door of the train and profit out of this project. As he (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) to plan and said: “Let us pray that Allāh may realized that the project priority was launch rail-link from Batala to bless the launching of the rail to fixed and the rail-link was in the Qādiān. Qādiān.” queue, he abandoned his struggle. Miāñ Muhammad Musa The rail-link to Qādiān was finally He offered silent Prayer with (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) planned the launched after about three years. devotion and vigor. Then people task assigned to him admirably. It Ḥaḍrat Khalīfat-ul-Masīḥ IIra from the community boarded the was his big achievement to bring rail addressed to Miāñ Muhammad train. The train started moving at to Qādiān. The efforts of Miāñ Musa (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) when the 3:42 P.M with slogans of Allāh-o- Muhammad Musa (Raḍiyallāhu first train was about to leave the Akbar (Allāh is Great) and Ghulam ‘Anhu) are recorded in chapter on track from Amritsar to Qādiān: Ahmad Kee Jay (long live the companions of the Promised “Your efforts are successful today.” Promised Messiah). All the Messiah (‘Alaih-is-Salām) in the compartments of the train were The 15th chapter of the History of History of Aḥmadiyyat.i ,ii filled to the capacity. There was Aḥmadiyyat on the second caliphate absolutely no room for more people “The special event in the life of mentions this eventful happening. to board the train. A large crowd was Ḥājī Muhammad Musa (Raḍiyallāhu The efforts of Miāñ Muhammad also witnessed at Batala Railway ‘Anhu) was the launching of rail-link Musa (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) shall Station. The train reached Qādiān at to Qādiān. He tried hard from 1915 always be remembered in annals of 6 O, clocks in the evening. The to 1924 to do the needful assigned to the history of the Jamā‘at. An Qādiān Railway Station was him by Khalīfat-ul-Masīḥ IIra. He eyewitness account of the decorated with colored flags and spent twelve to thirteen thousand inauguration is described in the next beautiful flowerpots. The slogans rupees from his pocket for the section. again erupted. Apart from Ḥaḍrat project. He participated in an Maulana Dost Muhammad Khalīfat-ul-Masīḥ IIra, Mirzā Bashir auction bid for twelve miles long Shahid of History of Aḥmadiyyat Ahmadra, Mirzā Sharif Ahmadra, the Dandoot-Kalree rail track. Similarly, writes: It was announced that the family of the Promised Messiah he once participated in auction at Amritsar-Qādiān rail-link would be (‘Alaih-is-Salām) and many notables Agra (city in India). Afterward he inaugurated on 19th of December of the community joined the approached Deputy Commissioner 1928. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfat-ul-Masīḥ IIra memorable journey.iii Gurdaspur and District Board of i Tārīkh-e-Aḥmadiyyat, by Dost Publisher Abdul Mannan Kausar, Amritsar to Qādiān”, Niẓārat Mohammad Shahid, (2007), Niẓārat Printer Tahir Mahdi Imtiaz Ahmad Nashar-o-Ishā‘at Qādiān, Print Well Nashar-o-Ishā‘at Qādiān, Print Well Warriach, Diā’ul-Islām Press Amritsar, Vol. 5, p. 90-92. Amritsar, Vol. 9, p. 544-5. [Foot- Rabwah (Chenāb Nagar), p. 309- note 65] 310. iii Tārīkh-e-Aḥmadiyyat, by Dost ii Lahore Tārīkh-e-Aḥmadiyyat, by Mohammad Shahid, (2007), Shaikh Abdul-Qadir, (1966), “Inauguration of rail-link from Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  12  January-February-March 2020

Organic vs Inorganic Agriculture Shakeel Ahmad Nasir Georgia /South Carolina Jamā’at Plants need sunlight, water and soil application. Biological control is mostly nutrients for their growth, flowering They are readily available to the using of living organisms like lady and fruiting. Amount of sunlight, plant after application. Now a days, bird beetle which kill and eat aphids. water and nutrients varies with the all these major nutrients are also It’s a good example, but in the plant species, variety, weather and available in foliar application. Foliar field, population of the lady bird soil conditions. Plants production application depends on farmer’s beetle grows more when the depend on variety, pollination, choice, plant’s roots system and population of aphids are at their weather conditions and availability weather condition. In agriculture peak. By the time the population of of nutrients to plants either through farming, if you are growing lady bird beetle grows to the level to roots or other vegetative parts. inorganically, these nutrients are control aphids, aphids do Nutrients are of two different used in granular form or foliar considerable damage to crop. groups. application. To save plants from NPK are also available in organic Major Nutrients insects and diseases, you use forms, but you need complete chemicals to protect plants during knowledge of them and money to A. Nitrogen their growth season. If plants are buy them. B. Phosphorus insect- and disease-free, the yield Some crops like cotton are will be better. C. Potash attacked highly by sucking and Minor or Micronutrients Organic Farming chewing insects. And, with extensive spraying, these insect Raḍiyallāhu Boron. (B) An integrated farming system ‘Anhu becoming resistant to existing that strives for sustainability, the Copper (Cu) insecticides and they are developing enhancement of soil fertility and resistance to new insecticides. Iron. (Fe) biological diversity whilst, with rare Genetic engineers made some exceptions, prohibiting synthetic Manganese. (Mn) changes in genes of cotton if any pesticides, antibiotics, synthetic chewing bollworm attacks the cotton Molybdenum. (Mo) fertilizers, genetically modified they die. We do not know the impact organisms, and growth hormones Zinc. (Zn) of this modification on human life.. Organic farming requires from Nickel. (Ni) New modified varieties of cotton farmers to provide these nutrients are called BT cotton. Chloride. (Cl) from other conventional sources which include different manures and It’s easier to grow fodder or leave Major crops and fruiting plants other natural substances. the soil vacant after one particular mostly need all major nutrients. crop in organic farming. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potash If you are using extensive Most of the farmers try to take play very important role in cropping, then to provide these two crops from a field in one year, vegetative growth, flowering and nutrients, you probably need six e.g., farmers in GA grow soybeans fruit setting. Plants need major inches or more layer of conventional after watermelon. nutrients. fertilizers. Organic farming is not When the question comes about Also, availability of these impossible, but you need to have Organic and inorganic, it does not nutrients depends on the knowledge of crop requirements and matter if you provide them decomposition of organic matter. material you use to fulfill those organically or inorganically. If all the nutrients are present in requirements at a cost which is manure and they are not in a form to If plant is deficient in any profitable for the farmer. nutrient, it will show the symptoms be used by plants through root for the specific deficiency. system, still plant will show Rest I will leave to readers to deficiency of those nutrients. And decide if they want to use organic Inorganic Farming the yield will suffer. farming or inorganic farming. Most of inorganic nutrients are Conventional manures improve in granular form and they are used as the texture of soil.

Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  13  January-February-March 2020

Activities and News of US Ahmadiyya Muslim Community Texas Book Festival 2019 Texas Book Festival 2019 was Books given away: 100 copies of 8. Yassarnal-Quran held on Saturday, Oct 26 and Pathway to Peace and Review of 9. Sunday, Oct 27, 2019 in Austin Religions. Lesson Learned: downtown near Texas State Capitol. Quantity of books sold: 25. 1. This year we went back to having Volunteers: 2 or more per booth raffle draw with first and second Revenue from books sold: prizes. This provided for a boost $170.00. in the number of visitors as Books displayed: compared to 2017 when the raffle was dropped. 1. Quran in English 2. Look into outward facing booths. 2. Quran in ~25 languages Few years back, booths used to be 3. Philosophy of Teachings of Islam facing the street rather than 4. Life of Muhammad inward facing at other booths.

5. Pathway to Peace – free giveaway This can give the booth a better Two booths were set up, one was exposure. Will look at this 6. Islam's Response to managed by men and the other by possibility in the 2020 book fair. Lajna. Approximately 264 total Contemporary Issues visitors were recorded. 7. Our God Women's Interfaith Meeting in Dayton The women's interfaith group in of the Islamic faith that was done by a Jewish Temple. Dayton was created about five years the hosts, i.e., the non-Ahmadi Some guest remarks are as ago by Dayton Lajna and consists of ladies. Afterward, luncheon was follows: Jewish, Christian and Ahmadiyya served. Thank you for what you do and Muslim women. They have been Then the presentations started how well you prepare your meeting every six weeks or so at with each of the three faiths presentations. I thought it was so different houses of worship and the presenting the topic of prayer in informative. Lorrie Morris, average attendance is 80 women. their respective faiths. The speaker Epiphany. By the Grace of Allah, the on Islam was a Lajna member. After Thank you for a very informative January 2020 meeting was held at a the presentations, there were table and friendly get-together. Looking non-Ahmadi Mosque and was discussions in which Lajna members forward to all of you visiting Temple attended by 120 guests. The topic spoke about Islamic practices at next month. Linda Novak. was The Hows and Whys of Prayer. their tables. The program ended with (Bushra Shahid, Lajna Tabligh The program began with some questions on Islam and Secretary Dayton). registration and tours of the mosque. Judaism and a closing prayer by the After that, there was a recitation of Jewish speaker. the Holy Quran and the introduction The next event is in February at Marriage Announcement The Department of Rishtā Nata The Nikah was announced on e-Zindagi for alislam, and Aishah would like to congratulate the November 1, 2019 by Maulana Azhar Ahmad Malik has been a core following couple and their families Haneef at Bait-ur-Rahman, Humanity First USA volunteer since on their recent Marriage: Maryland. The Rukhsati took place 2005. on November 1, 2019 in Bait-ur- Asim Mahmood Ahmed Malik Members are requested to pray Rahman followed by Walima son of Ashfaq Ahmed Malik of that Allah, the Almighty, may shower reception on November 2, 2019 in Maryland chapter and Aishah His immense blessings on the couple Maryland, Al-Hamdu Lillah. Ahmad Malik daughter of Mubarik and their families, Āmeen. Ahmad Malik of Maryland chapter. Asim Mahmood Malik is a Waqf-

Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  14  January-February-March 2020

Regional office holders Refresher Course held at Masjid Mahmood Rochester Hills Michigan

Mid-west regional Community’s then led a scenario-based session Shamshad Nasir thanked the office holders, gathered over the and provided the correct courses of National Team for the valuable weekend at Masjid Mahmood for the action in each of the cases. guidance and presentation on refresher course on Saturday, Latest guidance from Hazrat respective departmental topics. He January 25, 2020. Detroit, Khalifatul Masih V (Ayyadahullāhu also thanked the members of the Columbus and Dayton’s office Ta‘ālā) for each case was played via three chapters of the Midwest region holders of the Ahmadiyya Muslim short video clips. for coming together to attend the Community, attended the day long very important refresher course. He National Secretary Property refresher course. hoped that everyone must have Rafiq Sayed gave a summary of how learned something new during the Five members of the National the National Property Department day-long conference and encouraged Amila travelled to Detroit to conduct works and how various projects to reach out to their respective the refresher course, National along with related budgets are National counterparts for further General Secretary Mukhtar Malhi, managed. Asst. General Secretary Ali Iqtidar guidance and plans to implement at National Secretary San‘at-o- Bajwa, Secretary San ‘at-o-Tijarat the local level. Missionary Shamshad Tijarat (trade and industry), (Industry & Trade) Mubashar Ahmad Nasir also urged all office Mobashir Ahmad gave a motivating Ahmad, Secretary Property Rafiq holders to work hard to establish the talk. He quoted various sayings of Sayed and Chairman Qada Board unity and love of God, to spread the Hazrat Khalifatul-Masih II Abdul Qudus Malik. peaceful message of Islam and help (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) where he the humanity. (Report by National General Secretary, encouraged Jamā’at members to not Muhammad Ahmad, Detroit Mukhtar Malhi provided a summary only excel in education but also in Michigan) of the Jamā’at’s administrative and trade. general rules and regulations. He At the conclusion, Missionary

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Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  15  January-February-March 2020

Rochester Hills, Michigan Welcomes New Year with Prayers for the Country, Humanity and the World

Ahmadiyya Muslim Community questions with great deal of interest. all can bring peace. Local acting of Rochester Hills, Michigan These sessions lasted for more than president, Nasir Bukhari, also spoke gathered for the year-end program at one and half an hour. and urged to avoid ills of the society. their Community Center and The program also included Mr. Muhammad mentioned how we Mosque, Masjid Mahmood. The Missionary Shamshad Nasir’s can preach peaceful teachings of formal program included children dissertation on the Holy Quran after Islam. Mr. Azhar, who organized this and youth sessions in addition to the the morning prayers on the Dec 29. meeting, asked members to be separate auxiliary programs where After the morning prayers and regular in daily prayers. presenters spoke on topics related to commentary on various excerpts On the morning of Jan 1, 2020, moral and spiritual training of the from the Holy Quran, members the year-end programs were youth and membership at large. enjoyed delicious breakfast. concluded with Tahajjud. Members Regional Missionary, Shamshad National president of the Ahmadiyya prayed for their homeland, United Nasir, spoke on developing a Muslim Community, Mirza States, peace and brotherhood personal relationship with God and Maghfoor Ahmad, sent his among the entire mankind and how to develop love of God. The representative from Maryland for world peace. Special prayers were highlight of these formal programs this program who advised members also offered for the sick, poor, needy was the question and answer session to adopt righteousness which is the and people facing difficulties in their where Missionary Shamshad purpose of establishing this lives that may God help them and answered questions on a wide- community. The National President alleviate their difficulties. Youth of ranging topic from basics of prayers also sent a message of the new year the community prepared and to how to benefit from the basic to all members in USA, in which he distributed food for the homeless . Islamic teachings. Youth, ladies and urged all, to become Godly, goodly (Muhammad Ahmad) the men all equally asked a lot of and helper of the nation so that we

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Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  16  January-February-March 2020

Sister Hajja Shakura Nooriah Passes Away I am sadden to convey that sister addition, she had the distinction of Please remember her in your Hajja Shakura Nooriah, one of our serving as National Vice-President of prayers and her dearest friend sister pioneer sisters from Washington has Lajna Imā’illāh USA (1985-1991) Amatul Noor Nooshi Ahmad who passed on to the next life, December under National Lajna Sadr Salma remained by her side and took care 1, 2019 during the time of Fajr Ghani then again under National until the end. May Allah receive dear Prayer: Inna Lillāhi Wa Inna Ilaihi President Lajna Sadr Sister Amtul Hajja Shakura Nooriah well pleased Raji‘oon. Hakim Abdullah and National Lajna with her service to Ahmadiyyat and She was known for serving the Sadr Dr. Shanaz Butt. Sister Hajja love for mankind. (National Sadr Community as local Sadr for the DC Shakura Nooriah also served for Lajna USA) Lajna majlis many years ago. In many years as National Tabligh Secretary for Lajna Imā’illāh, USA. Passing of Shaukat Gohar of Rabwah It is with great sadness that we She served Lajna Imā’illāh V in his Friday sermon of 24 January report the passing of Shaukat Gohar Pakistan in various capacities for 2020, and five children, three of in Rabwah, Pakistan on 4 January over 33 years, last service being whom reside in the US currently: Dr. 2020. Inna Lillāhi Wa Inna Ilaihi National General Secretary. Mohammad Ahmad Mahmood Raji‘oon. She was a very pious and God- Qureshi (Vice President of sShe wa born in 1942 and was fearing person. She had the honor of Connecticut Jamā’at), Dr. Amtul the granddaughter of Zulfiqar Ali serving as general secretary for 15 Latif Ismet Mirza (Sadr Lajna Khan Gohar and the daughter of years under Hadrat Sahibzadi Nasira Central Jersey), and Dr. Ataul Malik Missionary Maulana Abdul Malik Begum who was the blessed Qureshi (Rishtā Nata Secretary of Khan. She was the younger sister of daughter of Hadrat Khalifat-ul Cleveland Jamā’at). Her daughter Farhat Alladin and older sister of Masih II (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) and Amtur Rafiq Rahat resides in Anwer Mahmood Khan (National mother of Hazrat Khalifat-ul-Masih Toronto and son Abdul Haye Secretary Taḥrīk-e-Jadīd USA), Dr. (Ayyadahullāhu Ta‘ālā). Mobashir Qureshi resides in the UK. Nusrat Jahan (who dedicated her life She leaves behind her husband, May Allah raise her rank in to set up Ob/Gyn services in Dr. Latif Ahmad Qureshi, who paradise and grant comfort to the Rabwah) and Amtul Hai Ahmad, served Fazl-e-Omar Hospital, grieving family, Āmeen. (Dr. wife of Murabbi Silsila (missionary) Rabwah, throughout his life as Mahmood Qureshi, Vice President, Syed Husain Ahmad of Rabwah. mentioned by the Khalifat-ul-Masih Connecticut Jamā’at)

Mubashir Ahmad Chaudhry of Silicon Valley Passes Away I am informing with sadness ul-Islam College and later attended Secretary for over 25 years. He also that Mubashir Ahmad Chaudhry Punjab University Law College, had the blessed opportunity to (Father of Muhammad Ahmed Lahore from where he earned his perform Hajj in 2013. Chaudhry (our dear MAC Bhai) of LL.B degree in 1963. He moved to He is survived by his three Silicon Valley passed away on London in 1966. He was married to children, Muhammed Ahmed January 6, 2020, due to Amat-ul-Karim Nusrat Chaudhry in Chaudhry, Ramla Chaudhry, Eamon complications caused by liver July 1972. Virk, and six grandchildren. cancer, which he had been fighting He moved to the United States in I request all to pray that may for five years. Inna Lillāhi Wa Inna 1983 and settled in San Jose. He Allah bless his soul and grant him Ilaihi Raji‘oon. served Jamā’at with great distinction special status in paradise and give He was born in Qādiān, India, on throughout his life. He helped at the solace and fortitude to grieving February 20, 1938 and received his Tabligh Store Front at the Berryessa family. (Mukhtar Ahmad Malhi, early education in Rabwah, Flea Market every week for years. He General Secretary, USA Jamaat) Pakistan. He graduated from Ta‘lim- also served as the local Finance

Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  17  January-February-March 2020

Consolidation of Jamā’at Ahmadiyya in the Gambia Dr. R. Muhammad Mustapha Sohna During the early period of his the Gambia when administration, Prime Minister according to a report Dawda Kairaba Jawara, received submitted by the delegation from Jamā’at Ahmadiyya commissioner at appointed by the Ameer, Daud Badibu Kerewan, a Ahmad Hanif, for the primary case was decided purpose of meeting and exploring against the Jamā‘at opportunities to obtain land and for destroying build schools and health centers in property and the Gambia. As representatives of assaulting the Ahmadiyya Jamā’at in the opponents of the Gambia, members of the delegation Jamā’at in felt a strong sense of duty and Salikene?” This responsibility to offer their services perhaps was the and thus, promote the general most critical welfare of humanity at large. moment of the Kisima Semega Janneh, the meeting with the national president of Jamā’at prime minister. Our Ahmadiyya, Ashmalick Ndoye, and opponents were Muhammad Mustapha Sohna clearly and strongly comprised the delegation. The determined to delegation simply wanted to engage convince the prime minister in a constructive government officials discussion of the fundamental of the Gambia to stop granting visas to objectives of the Jamā’at and solicit applying the same argument, why missionaries of Jamā’at Ahmadiyya his support in successfully did you form your own political party and, therefore, completely dismantle implementing them in the hopes of instead of forming a common front Jamā‘at activity in the country. building strong and relevant by joining the other parties since the institutions that may effectively As a result, Muhammad fundamental purposes of your promote the general well-being of all Mustapha Sohna, a member of the struggle were the same, for instance, Gambians. delegation, respectfully asked the the achievement of national Prime Minister Dawda Kairaba prime minister if he could once again independence?” This argument Jawara granted our request for a carefully review the report the seemed to have essentially changed forum to hear our plans and examine commissioner submitted regarding his position favorably. some members of Ahmadiyya. He exactly how his government could Our meeting with Prime did, and consequently, changed his support the Jamā’at in realizing its Minister Dawda Kairaba Jawara original claim which stated that the goal of full participation in the concluded successfully. It addressed Jamā’at was guilty as charged. The establishment of peace and stability. misunderstandings regarding the prime minister, however, raised The meeting was well-organized, beliefs, practices, and goals of the another question: “If you are really, and it proceeded productively. Jamā’at in The Gambia. wholly, interested in the general During the deliberations, the prime Consequently, the problem of welfare of Muslims in the Gambia, minister responded respectfully, issuing visas to our missionaries why have you not formed a common inquiring about an issue of from overseas was completely front with all the other Muslims in fundamental importance regarding resolved, and the meeting, for all the country and petition the Gambia national security. He asked practical purposes, established a government to grant you land in members of the delegation, “Why foundation for future institutional fulfilling the same purpose?” should the government grant the development and progress of Jāmi’a Respectfully, in turn, I responded by request of Jamā’at Ahmadiyya to Ahmadiyya in The Gambia. continue promoting its activities in asking the prime minister, “Well,

Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  18  January-February-March 2020

Sustenance and Support From Fiqh Ahmadiyya. Translated by Dr. Lutf Rehman. Edited by Dr. Wajeeh Bajwa/Syed Sajid Ahmad These are a general representation of contents. It is not a rigorous translation. Translations of the sections of Fiqh Ahmadiyya published in the Ahmadiyya Gazette USA previously: First part of the section on Fasting in May- June 2016. Second part on Fasting in May/June 2018. Section on Hajj in September/October 2017. Section on Zakat March/April 2019. Section on Nikāḥ—Marriage May-June 2019. Section on Paternity and Lineage July August 2019. Section on Khul‘ September-December 2019. ُ َ ﱡ ُ ﱠ ُ َ ﱢ ُ َ � ْ ﱠ ﺗﻀﺎرو�ﻦ ِ ﻟ ﺘ ﻀ � ﻘ ﻮ ا ﻋﻠﯿ ِﮩﻦ Article 44 ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) said about a Husband is responsible for the person who had no means to support Lodge them during the support and upkeep of his wife his wife that his wife has the right to prescribed period in the houses except if the wife lives separately ask for separation. wherein you dwell, according to the from the husband without his The responsibility of the best of your means. And harass them consent and without any legal reason husband to provide sustenance to his not that you may create hardship for and is guilty of rebellion. wife is a firm principal and wife’s them. Explanation wealth is not a factor in it. Husband Explanation is responsible for the sustenance of Husband is responsible for The relationship of the wife and his wealthy wife too. providing for his wife. This the husband is maintained during responsibility is determined by the Sustenance means to provide for the period of ‘Iddah to the extent Holy Qur’ān and the Aḥadīth. Allāh food, clothing, shelter and health that the husband has the right to says in the Holy Qur’ān:iv expenses according to the normal take her back. Even if the Ṭalāq is custom and norm. “Bā’in,” the woman cannot marry َ َ � ﱢ َ ﱠ َ ﱢاﻟﺮ َﺟ ُﺎل ﻗ ﱠﻮ ُاﻣﻮن َﻋ� اﻟن َﺴﺎء ب َﻤ ﺎ ﻓﻀ َﻞ ُﷲ َب ْﻌﻀ ُﮩ ْﻢ If wife lives separate from her again. It is, therefore, necessary for ِ ِ َ � ٰ َ ْ َ َ � َ ُ ْ � ْ َ ْ husband without any proper excuse the husband to provide for her. Even ﻋ� بﻌ �ﺾ و ِ� ﻤ ﺎ ا ﻧ ﻔ ﻘ ﻮ ا ِﻣﻦ اﻣﻮ ِاﻟ ِﮩﻢ Men are responsible for the or is rebellious, she does not have as there are narrations opposed to upkeep of women because Allāh has this right. this view, the scholars of the Ḥanafī made some of them excel others, and Legal excuse is a reason Fiqh are unanimous on this matter because they spend of their wealth. acceptable in Sharī‘ah such as wife’s that the sustenance of the wife is the It is established in the Aḥadīth demand of Mahr-e-Mu‘ajjal and responsibility of the husband after that the responsibility of men husband’s refusal. It also includes divorce of any type until the period towards women is according to their the time of the periods (menses) of of ‘Iddah is completed. financial strength. Nevertheless, this the women, when she is unable to The author of “Fatḥ al-Qadeer” responsibility of the husband stands have conjugal relations. All such writes:viii � َ َ � َ � َ ٗ َ � َ ﱠ َ َ ُ ا ذ ا ﻃﻠﻖ ﱠاﻟﺮ ُﺟ ُﻞ ْاﻣ َﺮاﺗﮧ ﻓ ﻠ ﮭ ﺎ اﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ regardless of his means. Allāh says in reasons are acceptable in Sharī‘ah to v remain separate from the husband. the Holy Qur’ān: When a person divorces his wife, Similarly, separation due to physical َ َ ُ َ َ � ْ ْ ُ ُ َ � ُ ْ ﱠ � َ ُ ُ she has the right to sustenance وﻣﻦ ﻗ ِﺪ ر ﻋﻠﯿ ِﮧ رزﻗﮧ ﻓﻠﯿ ِﻨﻔﻖ ِﻣ ﻤ ﺎ اﺗﺎە ﷲ � violence or for a condition which is And let him whose means of during the period of ‘Iddah. still not met in the Nīkāh agreement subsistence are straitened spend out is also acceptable. Under such During the period of ‘Iddah, of what Allāh has given him. circumstances even when the wife after the death of the husband, If a person does not provide for lives separately, she will be eligible sustenance is not obligated as the his wife and does not have the ability for sustenance. dead person does not have control of to do so, they can be separated upon his wealth. His estate has been Article 45 request of the wife. Ḥadīth: vi divided among the heirs and the The responsibility to provide .widow has also received her share َ ْ � ْ ُ َ ْ َ َ � ﱠ ﱠ ﱠ َ � ُ َ � ْ َ َ � َ ف ﻋﻦ ابی ﮬ��ﺮۃ ان اﻟﻨِیی ﺻ� ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿ ِﮧ وﺳﻠﻢ ِ� sustenance continues for the period Nevertheless, she should be ُ َِ َ ُ َ ُ ْ ُ َ � ْ � َ َ ُ ْ ُ َ ْ َ ُ َ ﱠاﻟﺮﺟﻞ � � ﺠ ﺪ ﻣ ﺎ ﯾﻨ ِﻔﻖ ﻋ� اﻣ َﺮا ِﺗ ٖﮧ ﻗﺎل �ﻔ َﺮق ﺑیﻨﮭﻤﺎ of ‘Iddah in case of divorce. Allāh provided residence for one year as a ِ ِ Ḥaḍrat Abū Hurairah narrates vii says in the Holy Qur’ān: gesture of goodwill. � ْ ُ ُ ﱠ ْ َ ْ ُ َ � ُ ﱢ ُ ْ � ْ َ َ that the Holy Prophet (Ṣallallahu اﺳ ِﻜﻨ��ﻦ ِﻣﻦ ﺣ�ﺚ ﺳﻜﻨﺘﻢ ﻣﻦ وﺟ ِﺪكﻢ و � iv Holy Qur’ān, 4[Al-Nisa]:35 vii Holy Qur’ān, 65[Al-Talaq]:7 v Holy Qur’ān, 65[Al-Talaq]:8 viii Fatḥ al-Qadeer, Chapter 3, P. 339 vi Dar Qutni, Mentioned in Nail al-Autar Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  19  January-February-March 2020

Article 46 unless they own enough wealth and different and separate from the right The widow has the right to stay property to be able to pay for their of the guardianship for the father. in the residence of her husband own needs. The right of the guardianship of the during the period of her ‘Iddah and Article 48 father does not collide with the right of custody of the child. Even when one year after that even if this In their old age, if parents someone else has the custody, father residence comes in the inheritance become dependents and do not have cannot be relieved of his of someone else. Allāh says in the means to support themselves, their ix responsibility of providing support Holy Qur’ān: upkeep is the responsibility of their for the child. The right of custody is َ � َ ُ َ َ ﱠ ْ َ � ْ َ َ َ ُ َ � ْ َ � َ ﱠ ً .sons واﻟ ِﺬﯾﻦ ﯾﺘﻮﻓﻮن ِﻣﻨكﻢ و�ﺬرون ازو اﺟ ﺎ و ِﺻ�ﺔ determined for the best interest of ﱢ � ْ َ ﱠ َ � � � َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ Explanation �زو ِاﺟ ِﮩﻢ ﻣ ﺘ ﺎ ﻋ ﺎ ِإ� اﻟﺤﻮ ِ ل ﻏ ی � ِإﺧﺮاج ۚ ﻓِﺈن ﺧﺮﺟﻦ the child keeping in view the َ َ ُ َ َ َ � ْ � ْ ف َ َ َ � َ ف � � ُ ﱠ ﻓ � ﺟﻨﺎح ﻋﻠ��ﻢ � ﻣ ﺎ ﻓﻌﻠﻦ � اﻧﻔ ِﺴﮩﻦ ِﻣﻦ Allāh says in the Holy Qur’ān:xii emotional and natural tendencies of ِ ُ َ ٌ ِ ِ ﱠﻣ ْﻌ ُﺮوف ۗ َوﷲ ﻋ� �ﺰ َﺣﻜ ٌ�ﻢ the parents. This right is based upon َ َ ﱠ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ ْ َ � ٍ � ِ و و ﺻ ی ﻨ ﺎ ِاﻹ�ﺴﺎن ِﺑﻮ ِاﻟﺪﯾ ِﮧ ِإﺣﺴﺎﻧﺎ And those of you who die and the emotional comfort, balanced Good care of the parents is the leave behind wives shall bequeath to physical growth, and moral and responsibility of their children. their wives, provision for a year physical upbringing of the child. without their being turned out. Custody of Children Period of Custody However, if they themselves go out Introduction there shall be no blame upon you in Article 50 Nurturing of children and their regard to any proper thing which Whether the child is male or upbringing is an important they do concerning themselves. And female, the right of custody will exist responsibility of family life. In Allāh is mighty, wise. until age nine unless this right is ordinary circumstances, both voided for some reason before this Ḥaḍrat Khalīfat-ul-Masīḥ the mother and father are responsible age. Second writes in this respect: for upbringing the children. If they “Some say that this verse was have differences and the situation Explanation abrogated by the regulations of results in divorce or separation, the According to some scholars, the inheritance. This is incorrect. The custody of minor children becomes age of custody for a male child is share of the widow in inheritance an issue. Sharī‘ah has laid down seven years while some consider it to has nothing to do with this guiding principles to deal with such be two years. For a female child some provision. This is a separate circumstances. The custody of the scholars fix the age at seven while instruction. In addition to her share child will be decided in the light of others think it is until adulthood. in the inheritance, sustenance and these principals. These principles According to Fiqh Aḥmadiyya, shelter has been provided for her for help to determine who should get the however, the right of custody lasts one year. This is an additional custody of the child, father, mother, until age nine regardless of the child requirement of goodwill.”x or some other relatives. These being male or female. At that point, Scholar Jaṣṣāṣ writes in his principles also give detail of the the right of custody ends, and the famous book while discussing this order of the custody among the child will be returned to the father. subject:xi various relatives and the applicable In infancy and after that for a regulations. The detail of these َ َ ﱠ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ while, mother is the best caretaker of روی اﻟﺸﻌب ﱡی ﻋﻦ ﻋ ﱟ� وﻋب ِ ﺪ ِﷲ ﻗ ﺎ� ِاذاﻣﺎت ﻋ ﻨ ﮭ ﺎ matters will be discussed in the َ ِ َ َ َ ْ ِ َ ُ َ � the child for obvious natural ز ْو َﺟ ﮭ ﺎ ﻓ ﻨ ﻔ ﻘ ﺘ ﮭ ﺎ ﻣ ْﻦ َﺟﻤﯿﻊ اﻟ َﻤﺎل .following sections ِ ِ � ِ Ḥaḍrat ‘Ali and Abdullah Ibn reasons. In this age, it is necessary Definition of Custody ‘Abbās both have said that the for the child to be under the care of sustenance of the widow will be Article 49 his mother. Mother’s lap provides the child emotional comfort, and given from the estate of the Until the child reaches the age of healthy and balanced upbringing. deceased. awareness, the raising, upbringing Therefore, during this time the right Article 47 and physical possession of the child of custody of the mother is given is called custody. Father is responsible for the precedence. Once the child reaches sustenance of his minor children. Explanation the age of awareness, the Explanation Custody is a temporary right requirements for his intellectual, which lasts until the child reaches Father is responsible for the moral and physical upbringing the age of awareness. This right is sustenance of his minor children change and it needs the support of ix Holy Qur’ān, 2[Al-Baqarah]:241 xi Ahkam al-Qur’ān lil Jaṣṣāṣ, Ch. 1, P. xii Holy Qur’ān, 46[Al-Ahqāf]:16 x Tafsīr-e-Kabir, 2[Al-Baqarah], P. 540 498 Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  20  January-February-March 2020 father. It is better at this stage to custody. In such cases, the claimant Explanation return child to the father. has to be adult, sane and able to take The right of custody of the child The Custodial Rights care of the child. If she is mentally or is a temporary right and is physically unable to take care of the Article 51 determined based upon the best child, then merely due to the order interest of the child. This right is a. The best way to decide about the mentioned above, she will not be annulled if the interest of the child custody is with mutual agreement eligible for the custody of the child. suffers after custody has been of the parents. Financial Support during Custody granted, for example, her right of b. If it is not possible to do so, then Article 53 custody will be affected if the mother an arbiter or a judge will make marries another man. this determination keeping in Regardless of who has the According to some scholars if mind the following principles: custody, father of the child shall be responsible for provisions. the mother marries in the relatives of For a minor child, keeping in the child, then her custodial right Explanation view his best interest, mother is be maintained. However, if the primary custodian. After mother it The provisions for the child are marriage is in stranger’s family then will be maternal grandmother, then the responsibility of the biological the custodial right will be paternal grandmother, then father. This is his responsibility and terminated. maternal great-grandmother, then remains so even if the child lives with Some other scholars believe that paternal great-grandmother, then someone else. Allāh says in the Holy the custodial right will be affected sister, and then maternal aunt, in Qur’ān:xiii only if the new husband is not willing َ َ � � َ ْ � � ُ ْ ُ ُ ﱠ َ ْ َ ُ ُ ﱠ � َ ْ ُ this order. If none of these relations to accept the responsibility of the وﻋ� اﻟﻤﻮﻟ ِ ﻮد ﻟﮧ �رزﻗﮩﻦ وِ�ﺴﻮﺗﮩﻦ ِبﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮ ِوف exist, then the right will go to the The father of the child is child or is not a well-wisher of the father and his relatives according to responsible for the maintenance of child. This view is supported by a the priority of the relationship. the child. Ḥadīth. A maternal aunt had the Explanation Limitations of the Custodial Right custody of the child but was married Even when the mother is to someone who was not related to Article 54 awarded the custody of the child, the child. The Holy Prophet this is still guided by the best interest According to the Sharī‘ah, the (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) of the child. If the mother and other right of upbringing of the child falls awarded the custody to her because claimants to custody are similar with under the right of the father as the the husband was not only willing to respect to child’s welfare, then the legal guardian of the child. accept this responsibility, but even right of custody for the mother will Explanation had asked for it.xiv take precedence. If for some reason, Father is the legal guardian of The difference of opinion it will be harmful for the child to live the child according to Sharī’ah. underscores that the real standard is with his mother, she will not be Mother cannot be the legal guardian. the well-being of the child. If the next granted custody. Then the right to This right of the father is maintained marriage of the mother does not custody will be granted to other during the period of custody. affect the child’s welfare adversely relatives according to the order Whosoever has the custody of the and the stepfather accepts the mentioned above. child is bound by the common and responsibility of the child, then her Competence for Custody appropriate requirements set by the right of custody shall not be Article 52 father for the raising of the child with annulled. respect to his education, religious To be able to receive custody it Fiqh Aḥmadiyya considers this training, and cultural upbringing. will be necessary that the claimant to standard to be valid. The subsequent custody is competent to handle the Termination of Custody marriage of the mother can be a burden; and is not mentally, Article 55 cause for reconsideration of her right physically or morally challenged to After receiving the right of to custody, but her custodial right accomplish the job. custody, this right can be terminated cannot be voided just for this reason alone. Explanation if the circumstances of the custodian Empowerment at the Age of In certain circumstances, after change materially. In such a case, the the mother, other relatives can claim custody will be determined again. xiii Holy Qur’ān, 2 [Al-Baqarah] : 234 xiv Nail al-Auṭār, Chapter: Who has greater right over rearing a child. (Vol 6, Page 328.) Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  21  January-February-March 2020

َ ْ َ ْ َ � ﱢ ﱠ ْ � ُ َ � َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ْ the deceased is not sufficient to pay ِﻣﻦ ا�و� ِد ِا� ِﺳﻦ اﻟﺘﻤ ِﯿ ی � � ﮬ ﻮ اﻟﻮ ِاﺟﺐ ِﻣﻦ ﻏ ی � � ﻓﺮ ٍق (Awareness (Khiyār al-Tamyeez َ نَ ﱠ � َ ْ ُ ْ �ٰ for these expenses, then the ﺑ ین ا ﻟ ﺬ ﮐ �ﺮ و ا �ﻧی Article 56 It is clear from the narrations government treasury will pay for it. 1) After reaching the age of about the issue of child custody that The society will be responsible for awareness the right of the child after reaching the age of awareness, this. to exercise his will is called the child must be given the right to Payment of Loans “Khiyār al-Tamyeez” or the choose the guardian regardless of empowerment of the child at If the deceased owed to whether the child is male or female. the age of awareness. someone, then after paying for the At another place he writes:xvii burial expenses, whatever is left will be used to pay the loans. The dower َ ْ َ � ﱠ ﱠ ْ ْ َ � ْ � ﱢ َ � � َ َ َ ْ َ � ْ This right of the child shall be (2 ﻗ�ﻞ ان اﻟﺘﺨ ِﯿ ی � او� ِ ِﻻﺗﻔ ِﺎق اﻟﻔ ِﺎظ ا�ﺣ ِﺎد� ِﺚ ﻋﻠﯿ ِﮧ money which was not paid is also َ َ َ � ُ � َ ﱠ ْ exercised through the court and وﻋﻤ ِﻞ اﻟﺨﻠﻔ ِﺎء اﻟﺮ ِاﺷ ِﺪﯾ �ﻦ will be determined keeping in considered a loan. view the best interest of the It is better and preferred to grant Bequests child. the child the right to choose once he reaches the age of awareness 1) The will is valid only when it is 3) In such cases, the court will because the words of Aḥadīth and done while sane. determine the responsibility for the practice of the rightly guided providing sustenance. Khulafā is united on this matter. 2) If the deceased has specified any bequests, then after Explanation Part II payment of loans, these Once the child reaches the age of Chapter 1 bequests should be paid from nine, the custodial right will end, and Matters of Inheritance his estate. the child will be returned to the Assets father. However, if the best interest 3) These bequests can be up to a of the child demands and the child After the death of a person, all maximum of one-third of the himself wishes to stay with the his movable and fixed assets are his entire estate, not more. estate. How to deal with these assets custodian, then he could be granted 4) The persons who are specified is a common problem. Different permission to do so. This right of the in inheritance and have a fixed religions have addressed this child will be exercised through the share cannot receive any question differently. Following is a court. If the child obviously makes a bequests. The only exception is summary of guidance in this matter harmful choice, the judge has the wife. Husband can specify for provided by Islām. right to reject his wishes. her expenses of residence. In In one such case, a child Funeral, Burial, Loans and Bequests fact, it is necessary to do so.xviii preferred to stay with his father. From the estate of the deceased Chapter 2 Upon enquiry, it became clear that before distributing any inheritance, the child wants to spend time in play following expenses will be paid in Who Cannot Inherit? whereas the mother wants him to that order. A person who will be included in study. The father did not care, and the inheritors in the normal course 1) The expenses of funeral and of events will be disqualified if the the child wanted to have a good time. burial; The judge granted the custody to the following happened. mother in this case.xv 2) Payment of any unpaid loans Murder taken out by the deceased; and In all such cases that have been A murderer cannot inherit from preserved in history and were 3) Any bequests specified by the his victim. Ḥaḍrat Abū Huraira presented before the Holy Prophet deceased. relates that the Holy Prophet (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) or his The estate of the deceased (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) said successors, the child was given the should pay for the funeral and burial that a murderer cannot inherit from right to decide once he reached the xix expenses. The funeral and burial his victim. age of awareness. In the light of these should be done in a simple manner Explanation cases, the author of “Nail al-Autar” according to the practice of the Holy writes:xvi The basis of inheritance in Islām Prophet (may peace and blessings of is familial relations. The Holy Qur’ān � � ُ ْ � َ ْ � َ � ﱠ ﱠ ْ ْ َ ف ْ َ ﱢ َ ْ َ � َ Allah be upon him). If the estate of says:xx اﻟﻈ ِﺎہﺮِﻣﻦ اﺣ ِﺎد� ِﺚ اﻟب ِﺎب ان اﻟﺘﺨ ِﯿ ی � ِ� ﺣﻖ ﻣ ﻦ بﻠﻎ xv Nail al-Autar xviii Holy Qur’ān, 2[Al-Baqarah]: 241 xvi Nail al-Autar xix Tirmidhī xvii Nail al-Autar xx Holy Qur’ān, 8[Al-Anfal]: 76 Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  22  January-February-March 2020

َ َ ُ � ُ ْ ُ � � َ َ َ � � ُ � ُ ْ َ َ � � ْ َ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ُ ْ � ْ � َ ْ ف ْ ٰ ﱠ .grandson, and father etc �ﯾ �ﺮث اﻟﻤﺴِﻠﻢ اﻟ� ِﺎﻓﺮو � اﻟ� ِﺎﻓ ﺮ اﻟﻤﺴِﻠﻢ واوﻟﻮا�رﺣ ِﺎم بﻌﻀﮭﻢ او � ِﺑبﻌ �ﺾ ِ � ِﮐﺘ ِﺐ ِﷲ ِان َ � ﱢ شَ ْ َ ْ ٌ This will be explained in the light Types of Related Heirs ﷲ ِبکﻞ � ٍء ﻋِﻠ�ﻢ Some family relations are closer of the above verse of the Holy There are three types of related than others according to the Book of Qur’ān. Those disbelievers who heirs: Allāh. God knows best. expel Muslims from their homes and 1) Directly Related Heirs (‘Aṣabah At another place it is said:xxi fight against them only because of bi-Nafsihī): This refers to the their religious belief will not be able ﱠ َ ْ َ � ُ � ُ َ � َ � ْ ُ َ � � ْ ف ﱢ َ � ْ relatives of the deceased who � ﯾﻨﮩﺎ�ﻢ ا� ﻋ �ﻦ اﻟ ِﺬﯾﻦ ﻟﻢ � ﻘ ﺎ ِﺗ ﻠ ﻮك ﻢ ِ � اﻟﺪ �ﯾﻦ وﻟﻢ to inherit from each other. Based ُ ْ ُ � ﱢ َ � ْ � َ َ ﱡ ُ ْ َ ُ ْ ُ � ْ ْ ﱠ are directly related, without a � ﺨ �ﺮﺟ ﻮك ﻢ ﻣﻦ ِد� �ﺎركﻢ ان ﺗ ب�و�ﻢ و ﺗ ﻘ ِﺴ ﻄ ﻮ ا ِ ۚإﻟﯿ ِﮩﻢ ِإن upon this Ḥaḍrat Amīr Mu‘awiyah � َ ُ ﱡ � ُ ْ نَ ﱠ َ َ ْ َ � ُ � ُ َ � َ woman being in the middle ا� � ِﺤﺐ اﻟﻤﻘ ِﺴ ِﻄ ین۔ ِ إ ﻧ ﻤ ﺎ ﯾﻨﮩﺎ�ﻢ ا � ﻋ �ﻦ اﻟ ِﺬﯾﻦ enacted the regulation in his time َ َ � � ْ ف ﱢ َ � ْ َ ُ � ﱢ َ � ْ َ � َ ُ such as son, grandson through ﻗ ﺎ ﺗ ﻠ ﻮك ﻢ ِ � اﻟﺪ �ﯾﻦ وا ﺧ ﺮﺟ ﻮك ﻢ ﻣﻦ ِد� �ﺎركﻢ و ﻇ ﺎ ہ ﺮ و ا that no newly converted Muslim will َ � ْ َ � ْ � َ َ � ْ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ َ � ُ ْ َ � َ ٰ َ ُ ُ ﻋ ٰ� ِإﺧﺮ ِاﺟكﻢ ان ۚﺗﻮﻟ��ﻢ وﻣﻦ ﯾﺘﻮﻟﮩﻢ ﻓﺎوﻟ� ِﺌﻚ ہﻢ be deprived of his share in the the son, father, paternal � ُ َ اﻟﻈ ِﺎﻟﻤﻮن۔ inheritance of his non-Muslim grandfather, brother, and Allāh forbids you not, respecting relative. This demonstrates that nephew. In contrast the those who have not fought against these prohibitions are temporary maternal grandfather cannot be you on account of your religion, and and according to the context. related heir as he is related who have not driven you forth from through the mother. Likewise, This is also the matter with those your homes, that you be kind to them the grandson through the who are at war. If two countries are and act equitably towards them; daughter cannot be a related at war with each other and there is Surely Allāh loves those who are heir. equitable. Allāh only forbids you, no legal way of acquiring property respecting those who have fought from each other, then people of these 2) Female related through a male against you on account of your countries cannot inherit from each (‘Aṣabah bil-Ghair): These are religion, and have driven you out of other despite being rightful heirs. women who are related to the your homes, and have helped others If two individuals die in an deceased through a male such in driving you out, that you make accident together and it is not as a daughter who is related friends with them, and whosoever possible to determine who died first, through the son, makes friends of them – it is these some believe that they cannot inherit granddaughter, related through that are the transgressors. from each other. The basis of this is a grandson and sister (real or half) through the brother. The scholars of jurisprudence in that it is not possible to know who Islām have identified other reasons died first. Fiqh Aḥmadiyya on the 3) Female related through another that will disqualify for inheritance other hand believes that in such female (‘Asbah ma‘ al-Ghair): such as different religion or death in circumstances the elder person died Female relative of the deceased an accident at the same time. Some first. who is related through another of these matters can disqualify such Chapter 3 woman such as sister who as serious religious conflict which Terminology becomes a related heir through increases to a point of fighting and the daughter. Example: A Assigned Heirs (Dhawī al-Furūḍ) war. Under such circumstances, the person dies. His heirs are his normal relations cannot continue, These are the heirs whose share mother, daughter, and a sister. and it is not possible to exchange in inheritance has been fixed in the Mother will receive one-sixth, wealth in such enmity. Holy Qur’ān such as mother, wife, and daughter will receive one- husband, etc. The Holy Prophet (Ṣallallahu half. Sister will be the related ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) said:xxii Related Heirs: (‘Aṣabāt, plural of heir and receive the remaining ‘Aṣabah) This refers to those heirs portion. َ َ َ َ ُ � ْ ُ � � َ ٌ ن َ ﱣ ت whose share has not been fixed by � ﯾﺘﻮارث اﮬﻞ اﻟ ِﻤﻠﺘ ی �ن ﺷ ی The Ranking of Related Heirs Those who excel in religious the Holy Qur’ān. After distributing (‘Asabāt) conflict and have separated socially the assigned portions to the assigned cannot be included among the heirs, the remaining estate is divided The ranking of the related heirs inheritors. Similarly, according to a is based upon the principal ْ ْ among the related heirs. If there are � َ ْ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ ُ xxiii Closer .ا�ﻗﺮب ﻓﺎ�ﻗﺮب Ḥadīth a Muslim and a no assigned heirs, then the entire described in disbeliever cannot inherit from each estate is distributed among the relatives will receive preference. The other. related heirs such as the son, ranking is as follows:

xxi Holy Qur’ān, 60[Al-Mumtahanah]:9- xxii Abū Dāwūd 10 xxiii Abū Dāwūd Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  23  January-February-March 2020

1) Son, grandson through the son, remaining portion as “Related Daughter great grandson through the son Heir.” 1) If the deceased had one (lineage of the deceased). 3) If the deceased did not have daughter only then she will 2) Father, paternal grandfather, children, the father will receive receive one-half. paternal great grandfather (the the remaining estate after 2) If he had two or more origin of the deceased). distribution to the “assigned daughters, they will receive a heir(s)” 3) Brother, son of the brother, total of two thirds. paternal grandson of the 4) If there is no “assigned heir,” 3) If the deceased had a daughter brother (lineage of the father of then father will receive the but also a son, then she will be the deceased) entire estate. considered “female related 4) Paternal uncle, son of the Mother through a male.” The son will paternal uncle, paternal receive twice the share of the 1) If the deceased had children, grandson of the paternal uncle daughter. the mother will receive one- (the lineage of the paternal sixth. Paternal Granddaughter grandfather of the deceased). 2) If the deceased did not have 1) If the son or daughters of the The share of the related heirs children but had more than one deceased are not alive, then the will be decided by the type of his sibling, the mother will receive paternal granddaughter takes relatives and by the closeness in one-sixth. the place of the daughter. If one relationship. If the first type of heirs paternal granddaughter is are present then the rest will not 3) If the deceased had no children, present, then she will receive have any share and so on. no sibling, or only one brother one-half. If two or more or sister, and father and If the heirs include related heirs granddaughters are present, mother, then the mother will that are male and female, then they will receive a total of two receive one-third. according to the principal thirds. mentioned in this following verse of 4) If the deceased had no children 2) If the deceased has one the Holy Qur’ān, males will receive or siblings but the spouse is daughter and one twice that of the females:xxiv present then after paying the ,granddaughter through the son ﱠ � ْ ,fixed share of the spouse ْ ُ َ � ُ ْ َ َ ْ ن the granddaughter will receive ِﻟﻠﺬﮐ �ﺮِﻣﺜﻞ ﺣﻆ ا�ﻧثﯿ ی �ن mother will inherit one-third of Related Through Birth one-sixth. (Dhawī al-Arḥām) the remaining estate. 3) If the deceased has a grandson, This type includes those heirs Paternal Grandfather or great grandson in addition to who do not fall in the category of 1) If the father of the deceased is a granddaughter, they all will be “Assigned Heirs” or “Related Heirs.” not alive, then the share of the considered “Related Heir” and In the absence of these two paternal grandfather will be their share will be determined categories, they become the heirs of exactly like the father except if according to the instruction of the deceased such as grandson The males will .ﻟﻠﺬﱠ َﮐﺮﻣ ْﺜﻞ َﺧ ّﻆ ْ اﻻُ ﻧُﺜَﯿﯿﻦ the mother of the deceased is ِ ِ ِ ُ ِ َ ْ ِ ,through the wife, paternal aunt alive. In this case, the mother receive twice the share of the maternal aunt, maternal uncle, etc. will receive one-third and the females. Chapter 4 paternal grandfather will Biological Sister Share of Assigned Heirs receive the remaining estate as (Dhawī al-Furūḍ) “Related Heir.” 1) They are heirs of each other only if the deceased brother had Father Maternal and Paternal no male child and his father and Grandmothers 1) If the deceased had children, grandfather are not alive. If he then the father will receive one- 1) If the mother is not alive then has a male child or his father or sixth. the maternal and paternal grandfather are alive, then 2) If the deceased only had a grandmothers will receive total biological siblings do not have a daughter or daughters, then the of one-sixth. share in the estate. father will receive one-sixth as 2) If the deceased had no male “assigned heir” and the child and his father and xxiv Holy Qur’ān, 4[Al-Nisa]:12 Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  24  January-February-March 2020

grandfather are not alive, then the wife (one or more) will Allāh says in the Holy Qur’ān:xxvi

َ � � ْ � ْ َ َ ْ ُ ُ ْ � ْ � َ ْ ف َ ط .the biological sister will receive receive a total of one-fourth و ا و ﻟ ﻮ ا�رﺣ ِﺎم ب ﻌﻀﮩﻢ او ٰ� ِﺑبﻌ �ﺾ ِ � ِﻛﺘ ِﺎب ﷲ ﱠ � َ � ﱢ شَ ْ َ ٌ .one-half ِإن ا� ِبكﻞ � ٍء ﻋِﻠ�ﻢ Maternal half-sisters and 3) If two or more biological sisters half-brothers Some of the relatives are closer are present, then they will 1) If the deceased did not have than others according to the book of receive a total of two thirds. children and his father and Allāh. And Allāh knows everything. 4) If the deceased had daughters grandfather are not alive nor he At another place it is said in the and granddaughters, the has any biological sisters or Holy Qur’ān:xxvii َ َ َ َ � ْ َ َ � � � ُ َ َ � َ َ َ َ � َ َ ُ -biological sister will be brothers, then maternal half و � ذ ا ﺣ ض َ � اﻟ ِﻘﺴﻤﺔ ا و ﻟ ﻮ اﻟﻘ ْﺮ ٰى واﻟﯿﺘ ٰ ﺎ� واﻟﻤﺴﺎ ِ� ی ن ن ِ َ ُ ُ ْ ُ ُ � �ب َ ً � ﻓ ْﺎرزﻗ ُ��ﻢ ﱢﻣﻨﮧ َو ﻗ ﻮ ﻟ ﻮ ا ﻟ ُﮩ ْﻢ ﻗ ْﻮ � ﱠﻣ ْﻌ ُﺮوﻓﺎ -considered a “Related Heir.” sisters and maternal half She will receive the remaining brothers will have share in the At the time of distribution of the estate after paying off the fixed estate as follows: If there is only estate if other relatives and the portions of the “Assigned Heir.” one maternal half-sister or orphans are present, give them maternal half-brother, they will 5) If the deceased had a living something too and say good things to receive one-sixth. brother too, then the living them. brothers and sisters become 2) If the deceased had more than This is also supported by the “Related Heirs” and receive the one maternal half-sisters and practice and sayings of the Holy remaining estate. The share of maternal half-brothers, then Prophet (may peace and blessings of the males will be twice that of they will have a total of one- Allah be upon him). Ḥaḍrat Saeed the females. third of the estate equally Ibn Mansoor narrates: divided among them. Half-Sister: “When Thabit Ibn Wajdah Chapter 5 (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) died, the Holy 1) In the absence of a biological Prophet (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa sister, the share of the half- Share of “Related Heir” (‘Aṣabāt) Sallam) asked Qais Ibn ‘Asim sister is same as that of the If there is no “Assigned Heir,” (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) , “What do you biological sister. the entire estate is inherited by the know about him”? Qais Ibn ‘Āṣim “Related Heir.” If “Assigned Heir” 2) If the deceased had one (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) said, “He was a are present, then after paying their biological sister then the half- stranger among us. We only know of share the estate is inherited by the sister will not have a share. a nephew of him which is Abū “Related Heir.” The Holy Prophet Lubābah bin ‘Abd al-Mundhir. So, 3) If there are half-brothers along (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) the estate of Thabit Ibn Wajdah with the half-sisters, they all are said:xxv (Raḍiyallāhu ‘Anhu) was awarded to � � ُ � َ َ َ � ْ َ َ َ َ ق َ ُ َ َ ْ � َ ُ considered “Related Heir,” and his nephew by the Holy Prophet ا ﻟ ِﺤ ﻘ ﻮ ا اﻟﻔﺮ ِاﺋﺾ بﺎ ﮬ ِﻠ ﮭ ﺎ ﻓ ﻤ ﺎ ب ِ َ� ﻓﮭ ﻮ ِ � و� رﺟﻞ ِ َ � ٍ the remaining estate will be may peace and blessings of Allah be) ذ�ﺮ divided among them, males � First give the shares of the upon him).”xxviii receiving twice that of the Dhawī al-Furūḍ first. What remains, xxix females. Another narration is: َ ْ � َ ْ َ َ ض َ ُ َ ْ ُ َ ﱠ ﱢ َ � give it to the close male relative of ﻋﻦ ا� �ﺲ ﺑ �ﻦ ﻣ ِﺎﻟ ٍ� ر ِ� ﷲ ﻋﻨﮧ ﻋ �ﻦ اﻟﻨِبی ﺻ� ُ َ � ْ َ َ � َ َ َ ْ ُ ْ � َ ْ ْ � ْ ُ ْ .Husband the deceased ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿ ِﮧ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ اﺧ ِﺖ اﻟﻘﻮِم ِﻣﻦ اﻧﻔ ِﺴ ِﮭﻢ “One of the Relative Heir” 1) If the deceased had children, Ḥaḍrat Anas (Raḍiyallāhu (Dhawī al-Arḥām): the husband will receive one- ‘Anhu) relates that the Holy Prophet fourth. This term refers to those (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) said relatives who can be included in 2) If the deceased had no children, that the nephew is among the family. heirs but do not fall in the category he will receive one-half. (meaning that the nephew is of “Assigned Heir” or “Related Heir”, included in the heirs) Wife such as grandchild through the Another narration says:xxx daughter, son of the brother, � � َ ُ َ ُ َ ْ ﱠ َ َ � ٗ ,If the deceased had children (1 اﻟﺨﺎل و �ارث ﻣﻦ � و �ارث ﻟﮧ daughter of the brother, paternal the wife (one or more) will aunt, maternal grandfather, and If someone has no heir, his receive a total of one-eighth. maternal uncle, etc. maternal uncle is his heir. 2) If the deceased had no children, Therefore, it is proven from the xxv Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Farā’iḍ xxvii Holy Qur’ān, 4[Al-Nisa]:9 xxix Bukhārī, Kita al-Farā’iḍ xxvi Holy Qur’ān, 8[Al-Anfāl]:76 xxviii Sharafiyah. Sharḥ Siraji, Page 111 xxx Ibn Mājah Kitāb al-Farā’iḍ Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  25  January-February-March 2020

Holy Qur’ān and the Aḥadīth and the others. If no one from the first group Their fixed share will be one half, practice of the Holy Prophet is present, then the second group two thirds and one-sixth. When (Ṣallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam) that in will take preference and so on. added together the total is more than the absence “Assigned Heir” and Chapter 7 one or the whole. In this situation, “Related Heir,” the estate is there are total of eight shares. The Excess (Radd) distributed among the “One of the estate will be divided in eight equal Relative Heir” The presence of a In some situations, some shares. Husband will get three spouse does not stop it. If a spouse is portion of the estate is left over after shares, the sisters will get four alive, the “One of the Relative Heir” paying the shares of the “Assigned shares, and the mother will get one will still inherit from the remainder Heir” and there is no “Related Heir” share. The percentage of the share of the estate. However, presence of who can receive this leftover portion. does not change and remains as any of the “Assigned Heir” will cause Since “One of the Relative Heir” fixed by Allāh. cannot inherit in the presence of the “One of the Relative Heir” to Chapter 9 inherit nothing. “Assigned Heir”, this leftover estate is distributed among the “Assigned The Inheritance by the Fetus The Ranking of Heir” according to their share. This The fetus is among the heirs of “One of the Relative Heir” process is called ‘Radd.” The his parents provided it is born alive. (Dhawī al-Arḥām): following relatives of the deceased If a person dies and his heirs include Just like for “Related Heir” the are “Assigned Heir”: a woman who is pregnant then it is estate will be divided among the Mother, paternal grandmother, better to wait for the birth of the “One of the Relatives” on the basis of daughter, granddaughter through child before the estate is divided. If � ْ ْ َ ْ ْ There are four ranks of . َ َ ُ َ َ ُ ,the son, biological sister, half-sister, some heirs are concerned ا�ﻗﺮب ﻓﺎ�ﻗﺮب “One of the Relative Heir”: and half-brother through the suspicious, and feel that the estate may not be wasted, they can ask for 1) Children of the deceased who mother. the distribution according to the law. are neither among the This also shows that the Under these circumstances there are “Assigned Heir” nor “Related husband or the wife cannot receive two questions which need to be Heir” such as grandchild from this leftover estate. through the daughter, male or answered. Chapter 8 female and the children of 1) How long should they wait for Shortage (‘Aul) grandchildren. the birth? Sometimes during the 2) The elders of the deceased who distribution of an estate there are 2) If they do not wish to wait, then are neither among the many “Assigned Heir” and total of how much share from the estate “Assigned Heir” nor “Related their shares exceeds the whole. This should be saved for the fetus? Heir” such as maternal happens when the deceased did not grandfather, maternal The answer to the first question have a son, grandson, or a great grandfather of his father, father is that it will be determined by the grandson. In the presence of these of the grandmother or medical advice. male heirs, the number of “Assigned grandfather of the mother etc. The answer to the second Heir” is reduced to such a degree question is that the share of the fetus 3) The children of the parents of that their share becomes will be as much as possible. the deceased who are neither insignificant and does not exceed the among the “Assigned Heir” nor whole. The number of “Assigned If after the birth of the child, among the “Related Heir” such Heir” is reduced and a large part of some portion is left over, it will be as son of the brother, daughter the estate is left over which is then distributed among the other heirs of the brother, daughter of the distributed among the “Related according to their proportions in the sister, etc. Heir” such as son, or grandson etc. estate. If the share of the child is found to be less, then the heirs who Under these circumstances 4) The children of the paternal inherited the estate will be where the total of the shares exceeds grandfather or maternal responsible for making it whole. grandmother of the deceased one, the entire estate will be divided Ife at som point it is shown that who are neither among the according to the shares of the there was no pregnancy, or it was a “Assigned Heir” or “Related “Assigned Heir”. Each individual will still birth where the child was not Heir” such as paternal aunt. get a little less than his portion. alive then the saved portion will be Maternal uncle or aunt etc. Example: A deceased was distributed among the heirs survived by her husband, two Individuals included in the first according to their portions. biological sisters, and her mother. rank will take preference over the Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  26  January-February-March 2020

If the child lived for few Chapter 11 Chapter 13 moments and then died, then it will A Missing Person The Inheritance of an Orphaned be considered his estate and will be A court has the right to declare a Grandson distributed among his heirs. missing person deceased and There is no definitive direction Chapter 10 determine his date of death. The in this matter. However, it is a Disasters and Accidents system of inheritance will be applied common practice that in the What should be done with the accordingly. It would be wise to keep presence of paternal uncles, the estate of those related individuals the law of the land in view while orphaned grandson is not an heir. who die together in accidents, making such determinations. Nevertheless, if the directions of the natural disasters, or wars and it is Chapter 12 Holy Qur’ān are followed in the matter of bequests, no orphaned not possible to determine who died Li‘ān (Oath of condemnation) first? grandson or granddaughter will be If the father had denied left out of inheritance. If the If many relatives die together in paternity in a court of law according deceased did not make this a natural disaster or accident, then to the prescribed method, then the specification in his will, the court can the older will be considered to pass child will belong to the mother and give a maximum of one-third of the away first. The younger will be his will not be among the heirs of that estate to such children keeping in heir. man. The child and the mother will mind the interest of the remaining be heirs of each other. heirs. xxxi

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xxxi For example, the share of his father third. A general principal is that his father would have inherited if he was would have been less than the one- share cannot be more than what his alive. Ahmadiyya Gazette USA  27  January-February-March 2020 Jāmi‘a Aḥmadīyya Canada ADMISSIONS 2020-21 Requirements & Procedure

“ابکتوج یھب اجاعمت ےس ےلکن ہی اہلل �اعتٰیل ےک لضف ےس برم�ان نب ےک، ن ی ی � ی ین�وےک اور یکڈاےکاجاعمتےس، رجینم ےک ئاجہعم واےل ایھب یمدان لمع م ہ ی ٓاےئ، �اس اسل وہ یھب یٓااج�ےگ ااشنءاہلل۔ ی نلرہباحل وج ےلکن ہی� وہ ی رےےئلاہللاعتٰیلےک ملضف ےس راتح اک ابثع ےنب ہی� یمرے دمد اگر ےنب ہی�اورےھجم وخیش وہیت ےہ ان وک ید�ےک۔سپ ٓاپ ولگ یھب ی�اد یرھک ٓاپ ےن ان یعماروںوک اواچن رکےت ےلچ اجان ےہ۔” “With the Grace of Allah, those young Missionaries who have graduated from UK and Canada in the past few years have been a source of comfort for me and are acting as my helpers. It is a cause of happiness for me to see them serving in this way and I hope and pray that the graduating class and all subsequent classes continue to raise the standards of their predecessors.”(January 16, 2016, 4th Convocation ceremony for Jamia Ahmadiyya UK and the 6th Convocation ceremony for Jamia Ahmadiyya Canada the UK college premises in Haslemere, Surrey.)

1. Education: i. Waqf Zindagī Application attested by National High school diploma (Grade 12) with minimum Amīr average of 70% marks. ii.A copy of educational certificates 2. Age: iii. A copy of Photo ID (for example, Driving License 17- 20 Years. or Passport) 3. Medical Report: iv. A copy of valid passport (for non-Canadian Medical Report from a practicing physician applicants only) certifying good health of the applicant. v. A recent portrait photo sent via email 4. Written Test & Interview: 6. General Instructions: The applicant must pass a written test (a minimum Prospective students, besides reciting the Holy of 70% passing marks required). The study material Qur’ān daily, should prepare for the written test and for the test is the Waqf Nau Syllabus up to 16 years of focus on improving their Arabic, Urdu and English. age. Successful candidates in the Written Test will be 7. Application Form – eligible for an Interview. Submission Deadline: 5. Application Procedure: Contact information is given below for obtaining The following documents should be attached to the the Application Form and submission of completed Jāmi‘a Admission Application Form: application. Original completed application must be received by February 29, 2020

Jāmi‘a Aḥmadīyya Canada Phone : 905-832-6680 ext. 3012 10610 Jane Street, Fax: 905-832-7767 Maple, Ontario Email: [email protected] L6A 3A2, Canada Web: www.jamiahmadiyya.ca NATIONAL CALENDAR 2020 12 Jul-SunRegional Refresher Course (Philadelphia, Central Jersey, North Jersey, 1 Jan-Wed ...... New Year’s Day ...... Federal Holiday Willingboro, Lehigh Valley, and York Jamā‘ats) Philadelphia, PA ...... Regional Jamā‘at 4-5 Jan-Sat-Sun...Local Jamā‘at/Auxiliary Activities Review 2019, Plan 2020 activities ‘at 11-12 Jul-Sat-Sun ...... Local Jamā‘at/Auxiliary Activities...... Local/Aux ...... Jamā‘at 10-12 Jan-Fri-Sun .. Ansar Leadership Conference ..... National Auxiliary ...... Atlanta, GA 18 Jul-Sat, Seventh Annual National Tarbiyat Conference, National, Bait-ur-Rahman, MD 20 Jan-Mon ...... Martin Luther King Jr. Day Long Weekend ...... Federal Holiday 24-26 Jul-Fri-Sun ..... MKA National Khuddam and Atfal Ijtima MKA ...... 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