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Product Information Sodium Thiocyanate
Product Information Sodium Thiocyanate 98% Product Description: Sodium thiocyanate 98% is an odorless, white solid. Produced from cyanide with sulfur. It is one of the main sources of the thiocyanate ion making it useful as a precursor to a lot of specialty chemicals. Applications: Sodium thiocyanate is used as a concrete hardener accelerator and can be used with other accelerators. It is used as a corrosion inhibitor, in synthetic fibre production, electroplating and pesticide. Chemical Formula: NaSCN CAS No. : 540-72-7 Specifications: Parameters (units) Specifications Sodium thiocyanate (%) ≥ 98 Chloride (%) ≤ 0.06 Sulfate (%) ≤ 0.2 Iron (%) ≤ 0.0005 Heavy metals (%) ≤ 0.001 Insolubles (%) ≤ 0.006 Moisture content (%) ≤ 1.0 pH 6.0 - 8.0 Bisley International LLC 1790 Hughes Landing Boulevard Suite 400 The Woodlands 77380 TX USA Phone number: +1 (281) 506 046 Emergency telephone number: +1 855 237 5573 bisleyinternational.com Copyright 2021 Bisley & Co. Pty Ltd. All rights reserved Packaging: Material is available in 25 kg bags and 950 kg bulk bags. Further packaging options may be available upon enquiry. Storage: Product should be stored in a dry place away from direct sunlight in sealed, original packaging. Safety: For further safety information refer to product SDS available from your Bisley International contact. Disclaimer: This document is for information purposes only. Customers are responsible for testing and confirming the suitability of this product in their application. To the extent permitted by law, no warranty as to merchantability or fitness of purpose, expressed or implied, is made. Global Headquarters Regional offices Sydney, Australia Jakarta, Indonesia Bangkok, Thailand Bisley & Company PT Bisindo Kencana Bisley Asia (Thailand) Co. -
Chloroform 18.08.2020.Pdf
Chloroform Chloroform, or trichloromethane, is an organic compound with formula CHCl3. It is a colorless, sweet-smelling, dense liquid that is produced on a large scale as a precursor to PTFE. It is also a precursor to various refrigerants. It is one of the four chloromethanes and a trihalomethane. It is a powerful anesthetic, euphoriant, anxiolytic and sedative when inhaled or ingested. Formula: CHCl₃ IUPAC ID: Trichloromethane Molar mass: 119.38 g/mol Boiling point: 61.2 °C Density: 1.49 g/cm³ Melting point: -63.5 °C The molecule adopts a tetrahedral molecular geometry with C3v symmetry. Chloroform volatilizes readily from soil and surface water and undergoes degradation in air to produce phosgene, dichloromethane, formyl chloride, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen chloride. Its half-life in air ranges from 55 to 620 days. Biodegradation in water and soil is slow. Chloroform does not significantly bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms. Production:- In industry production, chloroform is produced by heating a mixture of chlorine and either chloromethane (CH3Cl) or methane (CH4). At 400–500 °C, a free radical halogenation occurs, converting these precursors to progressively more chlorinated compounds: CH4 + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HCl CH3Cl + Cl2 → CH2Cl2 + HCl CH2Cl2 + Cl2 → CHCl3 + HCl Chloroform undergoes further chlorination to yield carbon tetrachloride (CCl4): CHCl3 + Cl2 → CCl4 + HCl The output of this process is a mixture of the four chloromethanes (chloromethane, dichloromethane, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride), which can then be separated by distillation. Chloroform may also be produced on a small scale via the haloform reaction between acetone and sodium hypochlorite: 3 NaClO + (CH3)2CO → CHCl3 + 2 NaOH + CH3COONa Deuterochloroform[ Deuterated chloroform is an isotopologue of chloroform with a single deuterium atom. -
(From the Department of Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis) Same Journal. N. K., Kolloid-Z., 1929, 47, 101. the Jo
THE STRUCTURE OF THE COLLODION MEMBRANE AND ITS ELECTRICAL BEHAVIOR II, THE ACTIVATED COLLODION MEMBRANE BY KARL SOLLNER, IRVING ABRAMS, AND CHARLES W. CARR (From the Department of Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis) (Received for pubfication, March 31, 1941) I In preceding communicationst, 2 we were led to the conclusion that the elec- trochemical activity of collodion membranes, as manifested by concentration potentials, etc., is due principally to acidic impurities. Accordingly, different brands of collodion differ widely as to their activity, the purer brands being less active. The impure (but active) foreign brands of collodion, heretofore generally used by workers in the field of electrochemical membrane investiga- tion, are no longer obtainable. In order to continue our investigation, it became necessary to find methods to produce active collodion membranes at will. The idea of inducing changes in the electrochemical characteristics of mem- branes is not entirely new. Many investigators have activated membranes by the adsorption of proteins, e.g. the proteinized membranes of Loeb. 8 Other investigators use other organic compounds, usually dyestuffs. These may be adsorbed like proteins or they may be dissolved in the collodion solution* pre- vious to casting the membranes. Such membranes are interesting and useful in their own right, but are not altogether satisfactory substitutes for active collodion membranes. They very often show considerable asymmetry; more- over, the dyestuffs so far employed (according to the literature) are slowly re- leased into the solution in contact with the membrane, whereby the character of the membrane is considerably changed. Meyer and Sievers5 used an oxida- tion method to activate a cellophane membrane. -
Microemulsion and Oil Soluble Gassing System
Europaisches Patentamt (19) European Patent Office Office europeeneen des brevets £P 0 775 681 A1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION (43) Date of publication: (51) intci.6: C06B 23/00, C06B 47/14 28.05.1997 Bulletin 1997/22 (21) Application number: 96308223.5 (22) Date of filing: 14.11.1996 (84) Designated Contracting States: (72) Inventor: Chattopadhyay, Arun Kumar DE FR GB SE Quebec J4Z 3E6 (CA) (30) Priority: 24.11.1995 CA 2163682 (74) Representative: Ede, Eric Fitzpatricks, (71) Applicant: ICI Canada Inc. 4 West Regent Street North York Ontario M2N 6H2 (CA) Glasgow G2 1 RS, Scotland (GB) (54) Microemulsion and oil soluble gassing system (57) The present invention relates to a process for microemulsions of the present invention provides more preparing an emulsion explosive which has been sensi- complete mixing of the gas precursor with the constitu- tized by the in-situ gassing of a chemical gassing agent, ents of the emulsion explosives. The process thus pro- wherein the gassing agent is contained in a microemul- vides a more controllable reaction for the in-situ, chem- sion. The invention also relates to the microemulsions ical gassing of emulsions, and for the production of utilized in the practise of this process. The use of the chemically gassed emulsion explosives at lower tem- perature. FIGURE Density (g/cc) i 1.3 1.2 1.1 h 1.0 00 CO 30 Time (mins) lO Is- Is- o a. LU Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR) EP 0 775 681 A1 Description Field of the Invention 5 This invention relates to an improved process for preparing an emulsion explosive and incorporation of a dispersed gaseous phase within the emulsion. -
ISOPROPYL THIOCYANATE [Thiocyanic Acid, Isopropyl Ester]
A Publication of Reliable Methods for the Preparation of Organic Compounds Working with Hazardous Chemicals The procedures in Organic Syntheses are intended for use only by persons with proper training in experimental organic chemistry. All hazardous materials should be handled using the standard procedures for work with chemicals described in references such as "Prudent Practices in the Laboratory" (The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C., 2011; the full text can be accessed free of charge at http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12654). All chemical waste should be disposed of in accordance with local regulations. For general guidelines for the management of chemical waste, see Chapter 8 of Prudent Practices. In some articles in Organic Syntheses, chemical-specific hazards are highlighted in red “Caution Notes” within a procedure. It is important to recognize that the absence of a caution note does not imply that no significant hazards are associated with the chemicals involved in that procedure. Prior to performing a reaction, a thorough risk assessment should be carried out that includes a review of the potential hazards associated with each chemical and experimental operation on the scale that is planned for the procedure. Guidelines for carrying out a risk assessment and for analyzing the hazards associated with chemicals can be found in Chapter 4 of Prudent Practices. The procedures described in Organic Syntheses are provided as published and are conducted at one's own risk. Organic Syntheses, Inc., its Editors, and its Board of Directors do not warrant or guarantee the safety of individuals using these procedures and hereby disclaim any liability for any injuries or damages claimed to have resulted from or related in any way to the procedures herein. -
1 Abietic Acid R Abrasive Silica for Polishing DR Acenaphthene M (LC
1 abietic acid R abrasive silica for polishing DR acenaphthene M (LC) acenaphthene quinone R acenaphthylene R acetal (see 1,1-diethoxyethane) acetaldehyde M (FC) acetaldehyde-d (CH3CDO) R acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal CH acetaldoxime R acetamide M (LC) acetamidinium chloride R acetamidoacrylic acid 2- NB acetamidobenzaldehyde p- R acetamidobenzenesulfonyl chloride 4- R acetamidodeoxythioglucopyranose triacetate 2- -2- -1- -β-D- 3,4,6- AB acetamidomethylthiazole 2- -4- PB acetanilide M (LC) acetazolamide R acetdimethylamide see dimethylacetamide, N,N- acethydrazide R acetic acid M (solv) acetic anhydride M (FC) acetmethylamide see methylacetamide, N- acetoacetamide R acetoacetanilide R acetoacetic acid, lithium salt R acetobromoglucose -α-D- NB acetohydroxamic acid R acetoin R acetol (hydroxyacetone) R acetonaphthalide (α)R acetone M (solv) acetone ,A.R. M (solv) acetone-d6 RM acetone cyanohydrin R acetonedicarboxylic acid ,dimethyl ester R acetonedicarboxylic acid -1,3- R acetone dimethyl acetal see dimethoxypropane 2,2- acetonitrile M (solv) acetonitrile-d3 RM acetonylacetone see hexanedione 2,5- acetonylbenzylhydroxycoumarin (3-(α- -4- R acetophenone M (LC) acetophenone oxime R acetophenone trimethylsilyl enol ether see phenyltrimethylsilyl... acetoxyacetone (oxopropyl acetate 2-) R acetoxybenzoic acid 4- DS acetoxynaphthoic acid 6- -2- R 2 acetylacetaldehyde dimethylacetal R acetylacetone (pentanedione -2,4-) M (C) acetylbenzonitrile p- R acetylbiphenyl 4- see phenylacetophenone, p- acetyl bromide M (FC) acetylbromothiophene 2- -5- -
NACE Bromine Chemistry Review Paper
25 YEARS OF BROMINE CHEMISTRY IN INDUSTRIAL WATER SYSTEMS: A REVIEW Christopher J. Nalepa Albemarle Corporation P.O. Box 14799 Baton Rouge, LA 70898 ABSTRACT Bromine chemistry is used to great advantage in nature for fouling control by a number of sessile marine organisms such as sponges, seaweeds, and bryozoans. Such organisms produce small quantities of brominated organic compounds that effectively help keep their surfaces clean of problem bacteria, fungi, and algae. For over two decades, bromine chemistry has been used to similar advantage in the treatment of industrial water systems. The past several years in particular has seen the development of several diverse bromine product forms – one-drum stabilized bromine liquids, all-bromine hydantoin solids, and pumpable gels. The purpose of this paper is to review the development of bromine chemistry in industrial water treatment, discuss characteristics of the new product forms, and speculate on future developments. Keywords: Oxidizing biocide, bleach, bromine, bromine chemistry, sodium hypobromite, activated sodium bromide, Bromochlorodimethylhydantoin, Bromochloromethyethylhydantoin, Dibromodi- methylhydantoin,, BCDMH, BCMEH, DBDMH, stabilized bromine chloride, stabilized hypobromite INTRODUCTION Sessile marine organisms generate metabolites to ward off predators and deter attachment of potential micro- and macrofoulants. Sponges, algae, and bryozoans for example, produce a rich variety of bromine-containing compounds that exhibit antifoulant properties (Fig. 1).1,2,3 Scientists are actively studying these organisms to understand how they maintain surfaces that are relatively clean and slime- free.4 Brominated furanones isolated from the red algae Delisea pulchra, for example, have been found to interfere with the chemical signals (acylated homoserine lactones) that bacteria use to communicate with one another to produce biofilms.5,6 This work may eventually lead to more effective control of microorganisms in a number of industries such as industrial water treatment, oil and gas production, health care, etc. -
WO 2014/185925 Al 20 November 2014 (20.11.2014) P O P C T
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2014/185925 Al 20 November 2014 (20.11.2014) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BOW 53/28 (2006.01) BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (21) International Application Number: HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KP, PCT/US20 13/04 1503 KR, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, (22) International Filing Date: ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, 17 May 2013 (17.05.2013) NO, NZ, OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, (25) Filing Language: English TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, (26) Publication Language: English ZM, ZW. (71) Applicant: EMPIRE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOP¬ (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every MENT LLC [US/US]; 271 1 Centerville Road, Suite 400, kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, Wilmington, Delaware 19808 (US). GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, (72) Inventors: PEPPOU, George Charles; 4 Armen Way, TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, Hornsby Heights, New South Wales 2077 (AU). -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,270,722 B1
USOO6270722B1 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,270,722 B1 Yang et all e 45) Date of Patent:e Aug. 7, 2001 (54) STABILIZED BROMINE SOLUTIONS, (56) References Cited METHOD OF MANUFACTURE AND USES THEREOF FOR BOFOULING CONTROL U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 3,328.294 6/1967 Self et al.. (75) Inventors: Shunong Yang; William F. McCoy, 3,558,503 1/1971 Goodenough et al.. both of Naperville; Eric J. Allain, 3,767,586 10/1973 Rutkiewic et al.. Aurora; Eric R. Myers, Aurora; 5,683,654 11/1997 Dalmier et al.. Anthony W. Dalmier, Aurora, all of IL 5,795,487 8/1998 Dalmier et al.. (US) 6,007,726 * 12/1999 Yang et al. ........................ 422/37 X 6,015,782 1/2000 Petri et al. ........................... 510/379 (73) Assignee: Nalco Chemical Company, Naperville, 6,110,387 * 8/2000 Choudhury et al. ................. 210/752 IL (US) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this WO 97/20909 6/1997 (WO). patent is extended or adjusted under 35 WO 97/43392 11/1997 (WO). U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. * cited by examiner Primary Examiner Elizabeth McKane (21) Appl. No.: 09/283,122 (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Kelly L. Cummings; (22) Filed: Mar. 31, 1999 Thomas M. Breininger (51) Int. Cl." ................................ A61L 2/16; C01B 709; (57) ABSTRACT D06L 3/06 Stabilized bromine Solutions are prepared by combining a (52) U.S. Cl. ..................................... 422/37; 422/6; 8/107; bromine Source and a Stabilizer to form a mixture, adding an 8/137; 162/1; 423/500; 252/187.2 oxidizer to the mixture, and then adding, an alkaline Source (58) Field of Search ................................... -
Novel Reactions of Ceph-3-Ems
NOVEL REACTIONS OF CEPH-3-EMS Jacqueline M Torrance B.Sc. (Hons) A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Abertay Dundee for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 1995 I certify that this thesis is the true and accurate version of the thesis approved by the examiners. Signed Date (Director of Studies) DECLARATION I hereby declare that the work presented in this thesis was carried out by me at University of Abertay Dundee, Dundee, except where due acknowledgement is made, and has not been submitted by me for any other degree. Signed Date CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION 2 1.1.1 History of Penicillin 2 1.1.2 History of Cephalosporins 4 1.2 REACTIONS AT SULPHUR 7 1.2.1 Oxidation 7 1.2.2 De-oxygenation 13 1.3 REACTIONS AT C-2 15 1.3.1 2-Alkylcephems 15 1.3.2 2-Alkoxycephems 17 1.3.3 2-Exocyclic Cephems 22 1.4 REACTIONS AT C-3 30 1.4.1 3-Exomethylene 30 1.4.2 3-Vinyl-and 3-Allylcephalosporins 38 1.4.3 3-Azidocephems 42 1.4.4 3-Alkoxy- and 3-Alkylcephems 44 1.5 REACTIONS AT C-4 46 1.5.1 A2-Cephems 46 1.5.2 Addition to the A3-Double Bond 51 1.5.3 Reactions at the C-4 Carboxyl Group 54 1.5.4 Ester Formation and Deprotection 59 1.6 REACTIONS AT C-7 62 1.6.1 7a-Methoxycephalosporins 62 1.6.2 7a-Formamidocephalosporins 66 1.6.3 Other 7a-Substituents 69 ii 1.6.4 7-Spirocyclic Cephalosporins 71 1.6.5 Reactions at N-7 73 1.7 MISCELLANEOUS CEPHALOSPORIN REACTIONS 74 1.7.1 Conversion of Penicillin to Cephalosporins 74 1.7.2 Conversion of Cephalosporins to Penicillins 78 1.7.3 Tricyclics and Tetracyclics -
Investigating Cell Type Specific Mechanisms Contributing to Acute Oral Toxicity
Prieto et al.: Investigating cell type specific mechanisms contributing to acute oral toxicity Supplementary Data1 Tab. S1: Overview of collected information on specific target organ/system and general cytotoxicity for chemicals correctly assigned to the CLP acute oral toxicity category by the 3T3 NRU cytotoxicity assay General Nervous Cardiovascular GI Chemical Liver Lung Blood Kidney cytotoxicity system system system (±)-Propranolol hydrochloride x ax (4-ammonio-m-tolyl)ethyl(2- x x hydroxyethyl)ammonium sulphate 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene x x 1,2-Dichlorobenzene x x 2,4,6- x x Tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid x x x 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin x x 5-Fluorouracil x x x x Acetophenone x Acetylsalicylic acid x x x x x x Acrolein x x Acrylamide x x x Ammonium chloride x ax ax Atropine sulfate monohydrate x x Benzaldehyde x x Cadmium (III) chloride x x x x x Caffeine x x x Chloroform x x ax x x x x Chloroquine bis(phosphate) x x Chlorpromazine x x x Codeine x x x x Colchicine x x x x Copper sulphate x x x Cupric sulfate pentahydrate x x Cyclosporin A x x x x Diazepam x Diphenhydramine hydrochloride x x Disopyramide x x Ethyl chloroacetate x x Ferrous sulphate x x x Glufosinate-ammonium x Glutethimide x ax x Hexachlorophene x x Lithium Carbonate x x x Lithium sulphate x x x Malathion x x Maleic acid x x Meprobamate x x Orphenadrine hydrochloride x x x x p-Benzoquinone x x x Phenol x x x x x Procainamide hydrochloride x x x Quinidine sulfate dehydrate x x x Resorcinol x x Rifampicin x x doi:10.14573/altex.1805181s2 ALTEX ##(#), SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 1 General Nervous Cardiovascular GI Chemical Liver Lung Blood Kidney cytotoxicity system system system Sodium Cyanate x x sodium oxalate x x x Sodium valproate x bx x x Thioridazine hydrochloride x x Valproic acid x x x x x GI: Gastrointestinal; CLP: Classification, labelling and packaging; NRU: Neutral Red Uptake; a Indirect effect: b chronic effect Tab. -
United States Patent Office Patented Apr
3,509,255 United States Patent Office Patented Apr. 28, 1970 1. 2 biotics Annual, 1953-1954, pages 191-194, Medical En 3,509,255 cyclopedia, Inc., New York, N.Y. PROCESS FOR THE RECRYSTALLIZATION The recovery of nystatin by isopropanol extraction of OF NYSTATIN Harold Mendelsohn, Nanuet, N.Y., assignor to American the whole broth resulting from the fermentation of the Cyanamid Company, Stamford, Conn., a corporation of nystatin producing Streptomyces noursei is described in Maine U.S. Patent No. 2,786,781 to Vandeputte et al. The par No Drawing. Filed July 2, 1968, Ser. No. 741,912 tially purified product obtained by the Vandeputte et al. Int. Cl. A61k 21/00 process is a therapeutically useful product of about 65 U.S. C. 424-123 10 Claims 70% purity. At best, however it is only partially crystal line and for the most part is substantially non-crystalline or amorphous in character. The purification of nystatin ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE employing methanolic-calcium chloride is also described This disclosure describes a process for preparing highly in U.S. Patent No. 2,832,719 to Vandeputte and in U.S. purified crystalline nystatin by extracting crude nystatin Patent No. 2,865,807 to Dutcher et al. The product ob with acetone which is saturated with sodium iodide, 15 tained by the Vandeputte and Dutcher et al. processes is Sodium thiocyanate, potassium thiocyanate or ammonium a therapeutically useful highly refined product substan thiocyanate; and precipitating highly purified crystalline tially crystalline in character. nystatin from the extract by displacement of the acetone The processes described above produce crystalline ny with water.