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History of the Waitsfield-Fayston Telephone Company
I A Brief‘History of theW&sfield-FaystonTelephonc Company 1 I I n the late 1870s, shortly her Alexander Graham Bell and his partner Thomas A.Watson invented, patented, and started exhib- I iting their wondrous new gadget, the telephone, an eager public I jumped on the idea. Since shopkeepers, farmers, and businessmen saw the value of not having to send messengers for answers, or to request goods and I services, the practicahty of instant communications wasn’t lost on the rural population. But only big cities and towns received attention from the Bell Company and its rivals in the drive to control the future 1 of the telephone.There was little money to be made in rural markets. The small towns and villages were left to fend fix themselves and they did. This was the beginning of the independent telephone compa- I nies, Waitsfield Telecom among them. At that time, Montgomery Ward & Co. published a booklet en- titled Rural Telephone Lines, How to Build Them. Instructions on Line I Construction and the Installation of Telephones. Also Contains a List of Materials and Accessories Required. Installation was easy: all you needed were wire, magneto telephones, batteries, a few tools, and some rea- sonable strength. Of course, patent rights had to be taken into ac- I count.The Bell company wasn’t at all pleased with anyone encroaching on their territory.Thc history of lawsuits filed for and against them attests to their zeal in this regard. But, their patents had run out on the I basic “telephone” around 1894, and many communities were getting into the act of starting their own telephone companies and services. -
Alexander Graham Bell
WEEK 2 LEVEL 7 Alexander Graham Bell Alexander Graham Bell is the famous inventor of the telephone. Born in Scotland on March 3, 1847, he was the second son of Alexander and Eliza Bell. His father taught students the art of speaking clearly, or elocution, and his mother played the piano. Bell’s mother was almost deaf. His father’s career and his mother’s hearing impairment influenced the course of his career. He became a teacher of deaf people. As a child, Bell didn’t care for school, and he eventually dropped out. He did like to solve problems though. For example, when he was only 12, he invented a new farm implement. The tool removed the tiny husks from wheat grains. After the deaths of his two brothers from tuberculosis, Bell and his parents moved from Europe to Canada in 1870. They thought the climate there was healthier than in Scotland. A year later, Bell moved to the United States. He got a job teaching at the Boston School for Deaf Mutes. © 2019 Scholar Within, Inc. WEEK 2 LEVEL 7 One of his students was a 15-year-old named Mabel Hubbard. He was 10 years older than she was, but they fell in love and married in 1877. The Bells raised two daughters but lost two sons who both died as babies. Bell’s father-in-law, Gardiner Hubbard, knew Bell was interested in inventing things, so he asked him to improve the telegraph. Telegraph messages were tapped out with a machine using dots and dashes known as Morse code. -
Southwestern Bell Telephone Company Tariff F.C.C
SOUTHWESTERN BELL TELEPHONE COMPANY TARIFF F.C.C. NO. 67 2nd Revised Title Page Cancels 1st Revised Title Page INTERSTATE IntraLATA MESSAGE TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICE REGULATIONS AND SCHEDULES OF CHARGES Applying to interstate service between points WITHIN THE LATAs of the Southwestern Bell Telephone Company as hereinafter defined, to which Interstate IntraLATA Message Telecommunications Service is available. Interstate IntraLATA Message Telecommunications Service is furnished by means of wire, radio, or a combination thereof. (This page filed under Transmittal No. 2526) Issued: January 11, 1996 Effective: February 25, 1996 Edward A. Mueller (T) President and Chief Executive Officer - Southwestern Bell Telephone Company One Bell Center, St. Louis, MO 63101 (T) SOUTHWESTERN BELL TELEPHONE COMPANY Supplement No. 7 to TARIFF F.C.C. NO. 67 Page 1 of 1 ACCESS SERVICE The Bureau's Memorandum Opinion and Order in the Matter of 1997 Annual Access Tariff Filings; National Exchange Carrier Association Universal Service Fund and Lifeline Assistance Rates (1997 Annual Access Filing Compliance Order), released June 27, 1997, orders the following: -rate elements reflecting base factor portion forecasts, equal access exogenous cost changes, and growth factor calculations are suspended for one day and subject to an investigation. Pursuant to the 1997 Annual Access Filing Compliance Order (DA 97-1350), tariff revisions filed in Transmittal No. 2640, reflecting the aforementioned issues, and found on the following tariff pages are advanced one day to June 30, 1997 and then suspended one day to July 1, 1997. Number of Number of Number of Revision Revision Revision Except as Except as Except as Page Indicated Page Indicated Page Indicated 105b 4th (This page filed under Transmittal No. -
Voip Primer Voice Over Internet Protocol
VoIP Primer Voice over Internet Protocol WHY THE NET MAY REPLACE MA BELL: A GUIDE FOR STATE AGING SERVICE SYSTEMS NATIONAL AGING INFORMATION AND REFERRAL SUPPORT CENTER NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF STATE UNITS ON AGING ½ WASHINGTON, DC VoIP Primer Voice over Internet Protocol Why the Net May Replace Ma Bell : A GUIDE FOR STATE AGING SERVICE SYSTEMS SEPTEMBER 2004 NATIONAL AGING INFORMATION AND REFERRAL SUPPORT CENTER NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF STATE UNITS ON AGING ½ WASHINGTON, DC This publication is supported in part by grant No. 90-AM-2746 from the Administration on Aging, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Grantees undertaking projects under government sponsorship are encouraged to express freely their findings and conclusions. Points of view or opinions therefore for not necessarily reflect official Administration on Aging policy. Table of Contents 1 Introduction 3 VoIP: A Primer 5 How does VoIP Work? 9 Is It Worthwhile? Why Switch? 13 Before You Jump on the Bandwagon 15 Telephones Then and Now 19 Glossary 23 Selected References Introduction “WHO COULD have foreseen what the telephone bells have done to ring out the old ways and to ring in the new; to ring out delay and isolation and to ring in the efficiency and friendliness of a truly united people?" —Herbert N. Casson, The History of the Telephone Fully Illustrated, 1910 nternet Voice, also known as Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) or IP Itelephony, allows people to make telephone calls anywhere in the world using a high speed Internet connected computer as a phone. To receive or make a call, VoIP callers simply need to load special software on their computers or use a special computer adapter. -
The Beginner's Handbook of Amateur Radio
FM_Laster 9/25/01 12:46 PM Page i THE BEGINNER’S HANDBOOK OF AMATEUR RADIO This page intentionally left blank. FM_Laster 9/25/01 12:46 PM Page iii THE BEGINNER’S HANDBOOK OF AMATEUR RADIO Clay Laster, W5ZPV FOURTH EDITION McGraw-Hill New York San Francisco Washington, D.C. Auckland Bogotá Caracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal New Delhi San Juan Singapore Sydney Tokyo Toronto McGraw-Hill abc Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as per- mitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-139550-4 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-136187-1. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trade- marked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringe- ment of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at [email protected] or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. -
Alexander Graham Bell 1847-1922
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS VOLUME XXIII FIRST MEMOIR BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR OF ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL 1847-1922 BY HAROLD S. OSBORNE PRESENTED TO THE ACADEMY AT THE ANNUAL MEETING, 1943 It was the intention that this Biographical Memoir would be written jointly by the present author and the late Dr. Bancroft Gherardi. The scope of the memoir and plan of work were laid out in cooperation with him, but Dr. Gherardi's untimely death prevented the proposed collaboration in writing the text. The author expresses his appreciation also of the help of members of the Bell family, particularly Dr. Gilbert Grosvenor, and of Mr. R. T. Barrett and Mr. A. M. Dowling of the American Telephone & Telegraph Company staff. The courtesy of these gentlemen has included, in addition to other help, making available to the author historic documents relating to the life of Alexander Graham Bell in the files of the National Geographic Society and in the Historical Museum of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company. ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL 1847-1922 BY HAROLD S. OSBORNE Alexander Graham Bell—teacher, scientist, inventor, gentle- man—was one whose life was devoted to the benefit of mankind with unusual success. Known throughout the world as the inventor of the telephone, he made also other inventions and scientific discoveries of first importance, greatly advanced the methods and practices for teaching the deaf and came to be admired and loved throughout the world for his accuracy of thought and expression, his rigid code of honor, punctilious courtesy, and unfailing generosity in helping others. -
The Marriage That Almost Was Western Union Has Always Been R.Idiculed for Rejecting the All Telephone
RETROSPECTIVE .Innovation The marriage that almost was Western Union has always been r.idiculed for rejecting the telephone. But what actually happened wasn't so ridiculous after all The hirth of the telephone.,-one hundred years ago railway and illuminating gas to Cambridge, Mass. this month-is a fascinating story of the geJ;Jius and Long intrigued by telegraphy, he decided to do persistence of on.e man. In addition, it is an instruc something about what he called "this monopoly tive demonstration of how an industrial giant, in with its inflated capital which serves its stockhold this case the Western Union Telegraph Co., can ers better than the 'public and whose:rates are ex miss its chance to foster an industry-creating orbitant and prohibiting of many kinds of busi breakthrough-something that has happened again ness." Between 1868 and 1874, he lobbied unceas and again in electronics and other fields. ingly, shuttling back and forth betweep. homes in Between ·1875 and 1879, Western Union's chiefs Boston and Washington. for a private "postal tele engaged in an intricate minuet with Alexander graph company" to be chartered by Congress but Graham Bell and his associates. On more than one with Hubbard and some of his friends among the occasion, the telegraph colossus came excruciating incorporators. As Hubbard envisioned it, the com ly close to absorbing the small group of ~ntre pany would build telegraph lines along the nation's preneurs, That the absorption was finally avoided rail and post roads and contract with the Post was probably the result of a technological gamble Office Department to send telegrams on its wires ~t that simply didn't payoff, as rates roughly half those being charged by Western ••• The place: the ollie of well as a clash of personali Union. -
Lesson 1 – Telephone English Phrases
Lesson 1 – Telephone English Phrases First let's learn some essential telephone vocabulary, and then you’ll hear examples of formal and informal telephone conversations. There are different types of phones: cell phones or mobile phones (a cell phone with more advanced capabilities is called a smartphone) pay phones or public phones the regular telephone you have in your house is called a landline - to differentiate it from a cell phone. This type of phone is called a cordless phone because it is not connected by a cord. www.espressoenglish.net © Shayna Oliveira 2013 When someone calls you, the phone makes a sound – we say the phone is ringing. If you're available, you pick up the telephone or answer the telephone, in order to talk to the person. If there's nobody to answer the phone, then the caller will have to leave a message on an answering machine or voicemail. Later, you can call back or return the call. When you want to make a phone call, you start by dialing the number. Let's imagine that you call your friend, but she's already on the phone with someone else. You'll hear a busy signal - a beeping sound that tells you the other person is currently using the phone. Sometimes, when you call a company, they put you on hold. This is when you wait for your call to be answered - usually while listening to music. Finally, when you're finished with the conversation, you hang up. Now you know the basic telephone vocabulary. In the next part of the lesson, you’re going to hear some conversations to learn some useful English phrases for talking on the phone. -
JOTA Activity Booklet KE4TIO
1 2 3 Gulf Ridge Council Pack 415 KE4TIO Alan Wentzell (Operator) Amateur Call Signs Heard and Worked: __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ States Contacted: __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ Countries Contacted: __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ Scouts Present: __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ Akela’s Present: __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ 4 Q Codes The “Q” code was originally developed as a way of sending shorthand messages in Morse Code. However, it is still used by operators for voice communications. Some of those in common use are listed below: QRA What is your call sign? QRM I have interference (manmade). QRN I am receiving static (atmospheric noise). QRT I am closing -
Timeless Values, Enduring Innovation
TIMELESS VALUES, ENDURING INNOVATION T HE G RAYBAR STORY T H E G R AY B A R S T O RY by Richard Blodgett GREENWICH PUBLISHING GROUP, INC. © 2009 Graybar G b Electric El i Company, C Inc. I All Al rights reserved. Printed and bound in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without permission in writing from Graybar, 34 North Meramec Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63105, except by a reviewer who wishes to quote brief passages in connection with a review written for inclusion in a magazine, newspaper or broadcast. Produced and published by Greenwich Publishing Group, Inc. Old Lyme, Connecticut www.greenwichpublishing.com Designed by Clare Cunningham Graphic Design Library of Congress Control Number: 2009936538 ISBN: 0-944641-77-6 First Printing: October 2009 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Any trademarks in this book are property of their respective owners. PHOTO CREDITS: Pages 6-7 courtesy of John Nemec Pages 16-17 © Bettmann/CORBIS Page 20 © CORBIS Page 20 (inset) © Hulton-Deutsch Collection/CORBIS Page 28 (upper left) © Bettmann/CORBIS Page 29 (both) © Bettmann/CORBIS Page 30 (upper right) © Bettmann/CORBIS Page 44 courtesy of John Rodriguez Page 50 Smithsonian Institution SI NEG #EMP122.020 Page 79 (upper) © Bettmann/CORBIS Page 79 (lower) courtesy of AdClassix.com Page 104 © Joel W. Rogers/CORBIS Page 105 © Bettmann/CORBIS Graybar would like to thank Scott Smith and David Torrence, who have helped document Graybar’s history and milestone achievements through photography. -
Message Networking Help Maintenance Print Guide
Home | Search Message Networking Help Print | Back | Fwd | Close Getting Started Admin Maintenance Reference Home > Reference > Print Guides > Maintenance print guide Maintenance print guide This print guides is a collection of Message Networking Help system topics provided in an easy-to-print format for your convenience. Please note that some of the topics link to tasks that are not included in the PDF file. The online system contains all Message Networking documentation and is your primary source of information. This printable guide contains the following topics: Topic Page Number Performing basic maintenance 2 Performing software management 8 Viewing system configuration and status 19 Reviewing Message Networking logs 27 Performing hardware maintenance 97 Backing up the system 211 Generating reports 219 Running database audits 253 Displaying the message queue 256 Performing voice equipment diagnostics 257 Changing the system's network address length 262 Changing a remote machine's mailbox number 263 Changing the Message Networking network addressing 263 Restoring backed-up system files 264 Troubleshooting the system 266 ©2006 Avaya Inc. All rights reserved. Last modified 7 April, 2006 1 Home | Search Message Networking Help Print | Back | Fwd | Close Getting Started Admin Maintenance Reference Home > Maintenance > Performing basic maintenance Performing basic maintenance This topic describes how to perform the following tasks: ! Accessing the product ID ! Checking and setting the system clock ! Starting the messaging software (voice system) ! Stopping the messaging software (voice system) ! Shutting down the system ! Checking the reboot schedule ! Performing a system reboot Top of page Home | Search Message Networking Help Print | Back | Fwd | Close Getting Started Admin Maintenance Reference Home > Maintenance > Performing basic maintenance > Accessing the product ID Accessing the product ID The product ID is a 10-digit number used to identify each Message Networking system. -
Digital Radio Technology and Applications
it DIGITAL RADIO TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS Proceedings of an International Workshop organized by the International Development Research Centre, Volunteers in Technical Assistance, and United Nations University, held in Nairobi, Kenya, 24-26 August 1992 Edited by Harun Baiya (VITA, Kenya) David Balson (IDRC, Canada) Gary Garriott (VITA, USA) 1 1 X 1594 F SN % , IleCl- -.01 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH CENTRE Ottawa Cairo Dakar Johannesburg Montevideo Nairobi New Delhi 0 Singapore 141 V /IL s 0 /'A- 0 . Preface The International Workshop on Digital Radio Technology and Applications was a milestone event. For the first time, it brought together many of those using low-cost radio systems for development and humanitarian-based computer communications in Africa and Asia, in both terrestrial and satellite environments. Ten years ago the prospect of seeing all these people in one place to share their experiences was only a far-off dream. At that time no one really had a clue whether there would be interest, funding and expertise available to exploit these technologies for relief and development applications. VITA and IDRC are pleased to have been involved in various capacities in these efforts right from the beginning. As mentioned in VITA's welcome at the Workshop, we can all be proud to have participated in a pioneering effort to bring the benefits of modern information and communications technology to those that most need and deserve it. But now the Workshop is history. We hope that the next ten years will take these technologies beyond the realm of experimentation and demonstration into the mainstream of development strategies and programs.