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How Can the Lens of Human Rights Provide a New Perspective on Drug Control and Point to Different Ways of Regulating Drug Consumption?
How can the lens of human rights provide a new perspective on drug control and point to different ways of regulating drug consumption? A thesis submitted to The University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2015 Melissa L. Bone School of Law Table of Contents Index of Tables……………………………………………………………………..….5 Table of Cases………………………………………….………………………………6 Table of Statutes, Treaties and Legislative Instruments……………………………....10 List of Abbreviations…………………………………………………………………15 Abstract………………………………………………...…………………………….18 Candidate’s Declaration and Copyright Statement…………………………………...19 Acknowledgements…………………………………...……………………………...20 Introduction………………………………………………………………..…………22 Chapter 1: Understanding the origin and value of human rights and psychoactive consumption………………………………………………………………………….32 1.1 What are human rights and where have they come from?………..……………….33 1.2 Human right foundations and the question of importance…………...……………36 1.3 The grounds for human rights…………………………………………….………42 1.3.1 ‘The universalist challenge’…………………………………………..46 1.4 The origin and value of human psychoactive consumption……………………….49 1.5 Conclusion……………………………………………………………..…………54 Chapter 2: Understanding how human rights can address the drug policy binary: the conflict between the interests of the State and the interests of the individual………….55 2.1 Defining ‘the State’……………………………………………………...………..56 2.2 Identifying four ‘typical philosophical positions and the binary which underpins them……………………………………………………………….………………….62 -
Queen's Or Prince's Consent
QUEEN’S OR PRINCE’S CONSENT This pamphlet is intended for members of the Office of the Parliamentary Counsel. Unless otherwise stated: • references to Erskine May are to the 24th edition (2011), • references to the Companion to the Standing Orders are to the Companion to the Standing Orders and Guide to Proceedings of the House of Lords (25th edition, 2017), • references to the Cabinet Office Guide to Making Legislation are to the version of July 2017. Office of the Parliamentary Counsel September 2018 CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 2 QUEEN’S CONSENT Introduction. 2 The prerogative. 2 Hereditary revenues, the Duchies and personal property and interests . 4 Exceptions and examples . 6 CHAPTER 3 PRINCE’S CONSENT Introduction. 7 The Duchy of Cornwall . 7 The Prince and Steward of Scotland . 8 Prince’s consent in other circumstances . 8 Exceptions and examples . 8 CHAPTER 4 GENERAL EXCEPTIONS The remoteness/de minimis tests . 10 Original consent sufficient for later provisions . 10 No adverse effect on the Crown. 11 CHAPTER 5 THE SIGNIFICATION OF CONSENT Signification following amendments to a bill. 13 Re-signification for identical bill . 14 The manner of signification . 14 The form of signification . 15 CHAPTER 6 PRACTICAL STEPS Obtaining consent. 17 Informing the Whips . 17 Writing to the House authorities . 17 Private Members’ Bills. 17 Informing the Palace of further developments . 18 Other. 18 CHAPTER 7 MISCELLANEOUS Draft bills . 19 Consent not obtained . 19 Inadvertent failure to signify consent . 19 Consent in the absence of the Queen. 20 Consent before introduction of a bill . 20 Queen’s speech . 20 Royal Assent . -
Health Act 2006
Health Act 2006 CHAPTER 28 CONTENTS PART 1 SMOKING CHAPTER 1 SMOKE-FREE PREMISES, PLACES AND VEHICLES Introduction 1 Introduction Smoke-free premises, etc. 2 Smoke-free premises 3 Smoke-free premises: exemptions 4 Additional smoke-free places 5 Vehicles No-smoking signs 6 No-smoking signs Offences relating to smoking in smoke-free premises, etc. 7 Offence of smoking in smoke-free place 8 Offence of failing to prevent smoking in smoke-free place Fixed penalties 9 Fixed penalties ii Health Act 2006 (c. 28) Enforcement 10 Enforcement 11 Obstruction etc. of officers Interpretation, etc. 12 Interpretation and territorial sea CHAPTER 2 AGE FOR SALE OF TOBACCO ETC. 13 Power to amend age for sale of tobacco etc. PART 2 PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF HEALTH CARE ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS 14 Code of practice relating to health care associated infections 15 Code of practice: effects on existing functions of Commission for Healthcare Audit and Inspection 16 Code of practice: improvement notices PART 3 DRUGS, MEDICINES AND PHARMACIES CHAPTER 1 SUPERVISION OF MANAGEMENT AND USE OF CONTROLLED DRUGS 17 Accountable officers and their responsibilities as to controlled drugs 18 Co-operation between health bodies and other organisations 19 Meaning of “relevant person” in section 18 20 Controlled drugs: power to enter and inspect 21 Offences in connection with power to enter and inspect 22 Guidance 23 Crown application 24 Relevant authorities 25 Interpretation CHAPTER 2 MEDICINES AND PHARMACIES 26 Requirements about supervision 27 Control of pharmacy premises: individuals and partnerships 28 Control of pharmacy premises: bodies corporate 29 Control of pharmacy premises: representative of pharmacist in case of death or disability 30 The responsible pharmacist 31 Enforcement 32 Order-making powers 33 Orders under s.60 of the Health Act 1999 Health Act 2006 (c. -
Sl/S2/07/03/A Subordinate Legislation Committee
SL/S2/07/03/A SUBORDINATE LEGISLATION COMMITTEE AGENDA 3rd Meeting, 2007 (Session 2) Tuesday 23 January 2007 The Committee will meet at 10.30am in Committee Room 6. 1. Executive responses: The Committee will consider Executive responses in relation to the following instruments— the Police (Injury Benefit) (Scotland) Regulations, (SSI 2006/610) the Environmental Impact Assessment (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2006, (SSI 2006/614) the Products of Animal Origin (Third Country Imports) (Scotland) Regulations 2007, (SSI 2007/1). 2. Instruments subject to approval: The Committee will consider the following— the Local Government Finance (Scotland) Order 2007. 3. Instruments subject to annulment: The Committee will consider the following— the Non-Domestic Rate (Scotland) Order 2007, (SSI 2007/2) the Argyll and Bute Council (Pilotage Powers) Order 2007, (SSI 2007/3) the Road Works (Inspection Fees) (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2007, (SSI 2007/4) the Drugs Assessor (Qualifications and Experience) (Scotland) Regulations 2007, (SSI 2007/8). 4. Instruments not laid before the Parliament: The Committee will consider the following— Act of Sederunt (Ordinary Cause, Summary Application, Summary Cause and Small Claim Rules) Amendment (Miscellaneous) 2007, (SSI 2007/6) Act of Sederunt (Rules of the Court of Session Amendment) (Miscellaneous) 2007, (SSI 2007/7) the Health Act 2006 (Commencement No. 1) (Scotland) Order 2007, (SSI 2007/9) the Health and Social Care (Community Health and Standards) Act 2003 (Commencement No. 1 and Savings) (Scotland) Order 2007, (SSI 2007/10). 5. Inquiry into the transposition and implementation of European Directives in Scotland: The Committee will consider a draft response to the Convener of the European and External Relations Committee. -
Health and Care Bill Explanatory Notes
HEALTH AND CARE BILL EXPLANATORY NOTES What these notes do These Explanatory Notes relate to the Health and Care Bill as introduced in the House of Commons on 6 July 2021 (Bill 140). • These Explanatory Notes have been prepared by the Department of Health and Social Care in order to assist the reader of the Health and Care Bill and to help inform debate on it. They do not form part of the Health and Care Bill and have not been endorsed by Parliament. • These Explanatory Notes explain what each part of the Health and Care Bill will mean in practice; provide background information on the development of policy; and provide additional information on how the Health and Care Bill will affect existing legislation in this area. • These Explanatory Notes might best be read alongside the Health and Care Bill. They are not, and are not intended to be, a comprehensive description of the Health and Care Bill. Bill 140–EN 58/2 Table of Contents Subject Page of these Notes Overview of the Health and Care Bill 10 Policy Background 11 Merging NHS England, Monitor and NHS Trust Development Authority 11 Mandate and financial directions to NHS England 12 Funding for service integration 14 The NHS Payment Scheme 14 Capital spending limits over Foundation Trusts 15 New NHS Trusts 16 Integrated Care Boards and Integrated Care Partnerships 17 Triple Aim 17 Duty to Cooperate 18 Joint Appointments 18 Joint Committees 18 Collaborative Commissioning 18 Secretary of State’s duty to report on workforce systems 19 Abolition of LETBs 20 Information 20 Secretary of State -
Queen's Or Prince's Consent
QUEEN’S OR PRINCE’S CONSENT This pamphlet is intended for members of the Office of the Parliamentary Counsel. Unless otherwise stated: • references to Erskine May are to the 24th edition (2011), and • references to the Companion to the Standing Orders are to the Companion to the Standing Orders and Guide to Proceedings of the House of Lords (23rd edition, 2013). Office of the Parliamentary Counsel October 2013 CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 2 QUEEN’S CONSENT Introduction. 2 The prerogative. 2 . 4 Hereditary revenues, the Duchy of Lancaster and the Duchy of Cornwall, personal property and personal interests . 4 Exceptions and examples . 6 CHAPTER 3 PRINCE’S CONSENT Introduction. 7 The Duchy of Cornwall . 7 The Prince and Steward of Scotland . 8 Prince’s consent in other circumstances . 8 Exceptions and examples . 8 CHAPTER 4 GENERAL EXCEPTIONS The remoteness/de minimis tests . 9 Original consent sufficient for later provisions . 9 No adverse effect on the Crown. 10 CHAPTER 5 THE SIGNIFICATION OF CONSENT Signification at second or third reading . 11 Signification following amendments to a bill. 12 Signification at other stages. 13 Re-signification for identical bill . 13 The manner of signification . 13 The form of signification . 13 CHAPTER 6 PRACTICAL STEPS Obtaining consent. 15 Informing the Whips . 15 Writing to the House authorities . 15 Informing the Palace of further developments . 15 Other. 15 CHAPTER 7 MISCELLANEOUS Draft bills . 16 Consent not obtained . 16 Inadvertent failure to signify consent . 16 Consent in the absence of the Queen. 17 Consent before introduction of a bill . 17 Queen’s speech . 17 Royal Assent . -
The Government of Wales Act 2006: Welsh Devolution Still a Process and Not an Event? JOHNSON, N
The Government of Wales Act 2006: Welsh devolution still a process and not an event? JOHNSON, N. Available from Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive (SHURA) at: http://shura.shu.ac.uk/689/ This document is the author deposited version. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it. Published version JOHNSON, N. (2008). The Government of Wales Act 2006: Welsh devolution still a process and not an event? Web journal of current legal issues, [2007] (4). Copyright and re-use policy See http://shura.shu.ac.uk/information.html Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive http://shura.shu.ac.uk The Government of Wales Act 2006: Welsh Devolution Still a Process and Not an Event? Nigel Johnson, LLB, MSc (Econ) Principal Lecturer in Law Sheffield Hallam University Collegiate Crescent Campus Sheffield S10 2BP. [email protected] 1 Summary Following the Assembly Elections in May 2007 Wales moved into a new area in its devolutionary settlement with a change of government and new legislation - the Government of Wales Act 2006. The Act is designed to revise fundamentally the Government of Wales Act 1998. Critics at the time predicted that executive devolution would be unlikely to be stable and would lead to "catch up" devolution with more privileged nations such as Scotland. Hence the second phase of Welsh devolution in which a Westminster model of Government is introduced as well as enhanced legislative powers for the National Assembly for Wales, including powers for the Assembly to be given legislative competence by Order in Council to make law in certain of the devolved fields, as an interim stage towards achieving full legislative devolution following a referendum. -
Post-Legislative Assessment of Health Act 2006
Post-Legislative Assessment of the Health Act 2006 Memorandum to the Health Committee of the House of Commons Post-Legislative Assessment of the Health Act 2006 Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for Health by Command of Her Majesty July 2011 Cm 8115 £8.50 © Crown copyright 2011 You may re-use this information (excluding logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence. To view this licence, visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government licence/ or e-mail: [email protected]. Where we have identified any third party copyright information, you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to us at Customer Service Centre, Department of Health, Richmond House, 79 Whitehall, London SW1A 2NS. This publication is available for download at www.official-documents.gov.uk This document is also available from our website at www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/index.htm ISBN: 978-0-101-81152-1 Printed in the UK for The Stationery Office Limited on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office ID 2441746 07/11 Printed on paper containing 75% recycled fibre content minimum 406904 Contents Introduction 2 Objectives of the Health Act 2006 2 Other post-legislative reviews 3 Preliminary assessment of the effect of key elements of the Health Act 2006 5 Impact assessment and equality analysis 5 Smoke-free law 5 Age of sale of tobacco products 7 Prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections 8 Supervision of management and use of controlled drugs 9 Responsible pharmacist and supervision 10 Provision of NHS pharmaceutical services 12 Provision of primary ophthalmic services 13 Countering fraud and other unlawful activities against the NHS 14 Auditing of the accounts of certain NHS bodies 15 Appointments Commission 15 Injury cost recovery in the NHS 16 Conclusion 18 1 Introduction 1. -
Health Act 2006
Health Act 2006 CHAPTER 28 CONTENTS PART 1 SMOKING CHAPTER 1 SMOKE-FREE PREMISES, PLACES AND VEHICLES Introduction 1Introduction Smoke-free premises, etc. 2Smoke-free premises 3Smoke-free premises: exemptions 4Additional smoke-free places 5Vehicles No-smoking signs 6No-smoking signs Offences relating to smoking in smoke-free premises, etc. 7Offence of smoking in smoke-free place 8Offence of failing to prevent smoking in smoke-free place Fixed penalties 9Fixed penalties ii Health Act 2006 (c. 28) Enforcement 10 Enforcement 11 Obstruction etc. of officers Interpretation, etc. 12 Interpretation and territorial sea CHAPTER 2 AGE FOR SALE OF TOBACCO ETC. 13 Power to amend age for sale of tobacco etc. PART 2 PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF HEALTH CARE ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS 14 Code of practice relating to health care associated infections 15 Code of practice: effects on existing functions of Commission for Healthcare Audit and Inspection 16 Code of practice: improvement notices PART 3 DRUGS, MEDICINES AND PHARMACIES CHAPTER 1 SUPERVISION OF MANAGEMENT AND USE OF CONTROLLED DRUGS 17 Accountable officers and their responsibilities as to controlled drugs 18 Co-operation between health bodies and other organisations 19 Meaning of “relevant person” in section 18 20 Controlled drugs: power to enter and inspect 21 Offences in connection with power to enter and inspect 22 Guidance 23 Crown application 24 Relevant authorities 25 Interpretation CHAPTER 2 MEDICINES AND PHARMACIES 26 Requirements about supervision 27 Control of pharmacy premises: individuals and partnerships 28 Control of pharmacy premises: bodies corporate 29 Control of pharmacy premises: representative of pharmacist in case of death or disability 30 The responsible pharmacist 31 Enforcement 32 Order-making powers 33 Orders under s.60 of the Health Act 1999 Health Act 2006 (c. -
191 227 3869 E-Mail: [email protected]
ENGLISH LEGAL SYSTEM Module Tutor: Tony Storey tel: +44 (0) 191 227 3869 e-mail: [email protected] 2016-2017 Northumbria Law School Induction to Law CONTENTS Introduction 1 Chapter 1 Introduction to Basic Legal Concepts and 3 Terminology Chapter 2 Reading and Using Statutes 9 Chapter 3 Reading and Using Cases 23 Chapter 4 Finding Law: An Introduction To Legal Research 43 Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots 47 Cash Chemists (Southern) Ltd (1952) Fisher v Bell (1961) 50 Merritt v Merritt (1970) 53 Marshall v BBC (1979) 58 Northumbria Law School Induction to Law ENGLISH LEGAL SYSTEM Introduction The purpose of this Induction module is to introduce you to the following: Basic study techniques and what is required in the study of law Basic legal concepts Legal terminology How to read and use statutes How to read and use law reports How to find law, either online or in the law library It is important to grasp the language, methods and basic concepts quite quickly as these will be used and reference will be made to them in the other modules of the GDL programme. Do not be too daunted as we do not expect you to have a full knowledge of everything in this module in the first months of the programme. Obviously you need to have a working knowledge of terms and concepts, but so long as you know where to look for the information in the early stages of the programme that will suffice. You will find as the programme progresses you will become familiar with the language and techniques by virtue of your reading and tackling of the questions and exercises set. -
The UK Devolved Legislatures: Some Comparisons Between Their Powers and Work
The UK devolved legislatures: some comparisons between their powers and work Standard Note: SN/PC/04505 Last updated: 9 November 2007 Author: Helen Holden Section Parliament and Constitution Centre This standard note summarises the powers and work of the Northern Ireland Assembly, the Scottish Parliament and the National Assembly for Wales and compares those powers and that work. This information is provided to Members of Parliament in support of their parliamentary duties and is not intended to address the specific circumstances of any particular individual. It should not be relied upon as being up to date; the law or policies may have changed since it was last updated; and it should not be relied upon as legal or professional advice or as a substitute for it. A suitably qualified professional should be consulted if specific advice or information is required. This information is provided subject to our general terms and conditions which are available online or may be provided on request in hard copy. Authors are available to discuss the content of this briefing with Members and their staff, but not with the general public. Contents 1 Introduction 4 2 The devolved legislatures 4 2.1 Northern Ireland Assembly 4 2.2 Scottish Parliament 4 2.3 National Assembly for Wales 5 3 Statutory framework 5 3.1 Northern Ireland 5 3.2 Scotland 5 3.3 Wales 6 4 Devolved powers 7 4.1 Northern Ireland 7 4.2 Scotland 8 4.3 Wales 9 5 Comparisons of legislative powers 10 6 Legislative process 13 6.1 Northern Ireland Assembly 13 6.2 Scottish Parliament 13 6.3 -
Law Making in Wales: a Measure of Devolution
THE STUDY OF PARLIAMENT GROUP Paper No. 2 David Miers Emeritus Professor of Law, Cardiff University Law Making in Wales: A Measure of Devolution LONDON: STUDY OF PARLIAMENT GROUP, 2011 ii STUDY OF PARLIAMENT GROUP PAPER NO. 2 THE STUDY OF PARLIAMENT GROUP The Study of Parliament Group was founded in 1964 to study the workings of Parliament and Parliamentary institutions: its membership brings together staff of UK Parliamentary institutions and academics active in this field. The Group is Registered Charity No. 251208. Study of Parliament Group papers are a range of research reports, seminar papers and other material generated as part of the Group’s various activities that would not otherwise be in the public domain, but which the Group considers to be valuable contributions to public awareness of and discussion about the matters that fall within its objects. The Group’s website www.studyofparliament.org.uk gives further information, and copies of all Study of Parliament Group papers may be obtained there. The views expressed in Study of Parliament Group papers are those of the authors and do not represent the Group’s views on their subject matter. Those who wish to contact the authors are invited to do so directly via the addresses given. © 2011, David Miers David Miers has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Note on the author David Miers is Emeritus Professor of Law at Cardiff University. He has been a member of the Study of Parliament Group since 1987 and was the Group’s Chair from 2007 to 2010.