FEATURED ARTISTE of the MONTH Meet One of Hollywood’S Most Successful Composers
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ST. JOHN’S PREP SCHOOL’S MUSIC NEWSLETTER matters music Issue #03 Nov/Dec 2012 SCHOOL TRIPS We go to the Primary Proms and PLAY A The Lion King musical CHIRSTMAS TUNE Take on Jingle Bells this month HISTORY OF CAROLLING How it started and why we sing carols FEATURED ARTISTE OF THE MONTH Meet one of Hollywood’s most successful composers FESTIVE HAPPENINGS Discover what is happening in and around London this Yuletide season Editor’s MESSAGE Dear pupils, Welcome to another new edition of Music Matters. How time flies, the autumn term is now approaching its end now. I hope everyone is getting into the Christmas spirit and enjoying the season’s festivities. As usual, there will be plenty of performances going on, both music and theatre. And with Christmas coming up, you can be sure to find a favourite pantomime of yours to enjoy! In fact, instead of a wrappable gift, why not ask Santa for a front row ticket to the circus or theatre this Christmas? (With popcorn and snacks thrown in, of course) There is a two-page guide to some of the highlights this Christmas, and it would be a shame CONTENTS to miss out on all of them. Instrument of the Month 3 In this issue we also discover an instrument from the Far East - the Chinese dulcimer, or yangqin. It makes the most astonishing sound, apart from Play a Christmas Tune 4 looking rather impressive. We also find our more about John Williams, one of Hollywood’s most Artiste of the Month 5 successful and famous film composers. Featured Article: 6 The History of Carolling We have also had two music trips in the past month: UTs and F1s were treated to music at the School Trip: The Lion King 7 Royal Albert Hall for the Primary Proms, whilst the F2s and F3s had a fantastic day out at the Lyceum What’s On: Christmas Edition 8 Theatre in London for the Lion King workshop and musical! Lower School Corner 10 All in all, a very busy month indeed. To conclude, I School Trip: Primary Proms 11 would like to wish all pupils a very Merry Christmas and Happy New Year! May you have a wonderful Young Musician of the Month 12 time celebrating with family and friends this festive season. MR. JONATHAN ANG Editor Music Matters 2 Featured Instrument of the Month Every month we will feature an instrument, which might be a common instrument, or sometimes a strange and mystic-looking one instead! If you would like to see it in action, simply visit YouTube and type in the instrument name, and there you have it! If you would like to learn a new instrument, simply speak to your music teacher and they will point you in the right direction. YANGQIN 扬琴 The yangqin is a very unique instrument, and belongs to a family of instruments called dulcimers. The yangqin is similar to a harp, except that it is laid out horizontally as if on a table, and the strings are not plucked but hammered. The yangqin used in Chinese music today originates from Iran, and dulcimers like these are now very popular not only in China, but also in the Middle East and Eastern Europe. A modern yangqin usually has 144 strings in total, and each note consists of 5 strings. This makes the yangqin a rather loud instru- ment - in contrast, the piano only has, on average, three strings per note! This means for every note that is hit with a hammer on the yangqin, five separate strings will vibrate in the same pitch. The hammers are made of flexible bamboo, and one end of each hammer is half-covered by rubber (see picture below). This instrument has also often been called the “Chinese piano” is it plays a very important role in accompanying other Chinese wind and string instruments in Chinese orchestras. Traditional Chinese music uses a notation system which involves numbers, rather then the Western staff notation. This is called jianpu (简谱), and you can find an example below. Jianpu literally means “simplified notation” in Chinese. Try and see if you can decipher it! THE JIANPU SYSTEM Row, row, row your boat |1· 1· |1 23· | Note: C D E F G A B Solfège: do re mi fa so la si Twinkle, twinkle little star |1 1 5 5 |6 6 5 - | Notation: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Frere Jacques |1 2 3 1 |1 2 3 1 | 3 PLAY A CHRISTMAS TUNE! With Christmas quickly approaching, this is now the perfect time to pick up some festive tunes! In this of Music Matters, an easy Christmas tune has been featured. This month’s carol is Jingle Bells, I am sure all of you will be familiar with this number! The music here is written mainly for piano, but if you play another instrument such as the violin, ask your instrumental teacher and they will adapt the music for you so that you are able to play it on your own instrument! 4 FEATURED ARTISTE OF THE MONTH Every month this newsletter will feature a musician, artiste, composer or singer for you to discover. Remember, if you want to know more about the featured artiste of the month, you can always find more on the internet, especially on YouTube! JOHN WILLIAMS John Williams is an American film music composer, and is widely known as "one of the best known, awarded, and financially successful composers in US history." In a career that has lasted for more than sixty years, he has composed music for some of the most popu- lar films in Hollywood, including all the Star Wars films, Superman, War Horse and the first three Harry Potter films. He has also written the theme music for four Olympic Games in history! Williams’ massive success is reflected in his numerous awards - he has won five Academy Awards, four Golden Globe awards and seven BAFTA awards. Try searching for some of his film music on the internet, you are bound to recognise many tunes by John Williams! He frequently works with very popular film directors, such as Steven Spielberg, George Lucas and Chris Columbus. Below is a list of films that Williams has composed music for, see how many you can recognise! - Film Music composed by John Williams - The Adventures of Tintin: Indiana Jones and the War of the Worlds Harry Potter & The Prisoner Star Wars Episode II: Attack The Secret of the Unicorn Kingdom of the Crystal Skull of Azkaban of the Clones Memoirs of a Geisha Jaws E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial Jurassic Park Home Alone 5 HISTORY OF CAROLLING Ever wondered where the tradition of carolling came from? Why do we sing for others during this festive season? Read more to find out. There have been many proposed theories as to how Another theory is that carollers travelled door-to- carolling originated, but alas they are all unclear. door because they were not originally allowed to What we know for sure is that carolling is an oral perform in churches. tradition, passed down from generation to genera- tion. A common legend says that Christmas carols were named after Carol Poles, a little English girl Carols were first written in Europe in the 4th and who supposedly went missing in London during 5th centuries, but they were not at first associated the holiday season in the late 19th century. Peo- with Christmas. According to historians, they were ple supposedly searched for her by going door-to- sung to celebrate the Winter Solstice, which is the door, singing to declare their good intentions. shortest day of the year and usually around 22nd Although it may be a nice story, it unfortunately December. has no factual basis. It was only in the 13th century did Saint Francis of Assisi, the Roman Catholic saint of animals and the environment, start to incorporate these carols into Christmas celebra- tions. He created the concept of spreading these carols to celebrate Christ’s birth, encouraging these en- ergetic, joyful songs to be sung so as to liven up the sombre Christmas celebrations of that day. In fact, from 1649 to 1660, the anti- royalist leader Lord Oliver Cromwell banned Christmas celebrations in England as he believed Christmas should be a serious holiday. Imagine that! Today, many carolling groups sing for charity in churches and neighbourhoods. Some historical ac- counts claim this is rooted in olden- day societies, where poor citizens would “sing for their supper” in ex- change for food and drink. Interesting facts about Christmas you never knew Since 1900, snow has only fallen in England three Father Christmas has two times on Christmas day: 1938, 1976 and 2004! addresses: Edinburgh and the North Pole. Letters addressed The first Christmas card appeared to ‘TOYLAND’ or ‘SNOWLAND’ in 1843, designed by J. C. Horsley. go to Edinburgh, but letters 900 years ago, the addressed to ‘THE NORTH first Christmas trees The world’s largest Christmas present is the Statue of POLE’ have to be sent there were hung upside Liberty. The French gave it to the Americans in 1886. It is because there really is such a down! 46.5 metres high and weighs 225 tons! place! 6 THE LION KING In October, Forms 2 & 3 were treated to the glorious spectacle of musical theatre that was The Lion King, one of West End’s most acclaimed and successful musicals. They were also given a pre-show puppet demonstration, where they had the opportunity to learn how the show’s exquisite puppets worked, have a feel of several masks and puppets, and watch an actor act out scenes from the show using a variety of different puppets.