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Serial Verb Constructions in Mandarin Chinese and Jinjiang Southern

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Serial Verb Constructions in Mandarin Chinese and Jinjiang Southern SERIAL VERB CONSTRUCTIONS IN MANDARIN CHINESE AND JINJIANG SOUTHERN MIN A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE FACULTY OF HUMANITIES 2016 YING FAN SCHOOL OF ARTS, LANGUAGES AND CULTURES TABLE OF CONTENTS GLOSSING CONVENTIONS..............................................................................9 ABSTRACT..........................................................................................................11 DECLARATION..................................................................................................12 COPYRIGHT.......................................................................................................13 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.................................................................................14 PART ONE INTRODUCTION ..................................................................17 CHAPTER ONE: AN INTRODUCTION OF THE STUDY ...........................17 CHAPTER TWO: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND DIAGNOSTICS24 2.1 DEFINITION....................................................................................................24 2.2 CLAUSE STRUCTURE ......................................................................................26 2.3 ARGUMENT STRUCTURE.................................................................................32 2.4 ARGUMENT STRUCTURE IN SVCS AND BI-CLAUSAL STRUCTURES ..................34 2.5 INTER-CLAUSAL DIAGNOSTICS .......................................................................42 2.5.1 Negation.................................................................................................43 2.5.2 Passivisation of the object of V2 ............................................................51 2.5.3 Independent temporal location ..............................................................57 2.5.3.1 Macro-Event Property .....................................................................57 2.5.3.2 Tense................................................................................................59 2.5.3.3 Temporal Adverbial Modification ...................................................60 2.5.4 Independent marking of viewpoint aspect..............................................62 2.5.5 Independent modification by manner adverbial ....................................66 2.5.6 Prosodic structure ..................................................................................73 2.5.7 Coordinate Structure Constraint............................................................76 2.5.8 Other diagnostics ...................................................................................79 2.5.8.1 Marking of coordination and subordination....................................79 2.5.8.2 Illocutionary force and mood ..........................................................80 2.5.8.3 Marking of nominalisation or relativisation....................................83 2.5.9 Interim Summary....................................................................................85 2.6 SYNTACTIC SUB-TYPES OF SVCS ...................................................................86 2.6.1 Nuclear and Core SVCs .........................................................................86 2.6.2 Predicate Fusion and Argument Fusion ................................................87 2.6.3 Event Fusion, Merger and Nuclear SVCs ..............................................89 2.6.4 Argument realisation in Mandarin Nuclear SVCs .................................91 2.6.5 V-V compound verbs and Nuclear SVCs................................................98 2.6.6 Argument Fusion, Coindexation and Core SVCs.................................100 2.6.7 Argument realisation in Mandarin Core SVCs ....................................102 2.6.8 Interim Summary..................................................................................103 2 2.7 INTRA-CLAUSAL DIAGNOSTICS.....................................................................104 2.7.1 Other existing intra-clausal diagnostics..............................................104 2.7.2 Intra-clausal Diagnostics.....................................................................110 2.7.2.1 Passivisation of O1........................................................................111 2.7.2.2 Insertion of intervening material ...................................................112 2.7.2.3 Coordination within the SVC ........................................................114 2.7.2.4 Obligatory topicalisation of the undergoer argument....................116 2.7.2.5 Interim Summary...........................................................................118 2.8 SUMMARY....................................................................................................118 CHAPTER THREE: DATA RESOURCES AND GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES IN JINJIANG SOUTHERN MIN .........................................120 3.1 DATA RESOURCES ........................................................................................120 3.1.1 Fieldwork setting and data collection..................................................120 3.1.2 Presentation and interpretation of data ...............................................123 3.2 LANGUAGE PROFILE OF JSM IN SINITIC LANGUAGE FAMILY ........................124 3.3 ESSENTIAL GRAMMATICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF JSM ................................125 3.3.1 Phonology ............................................................................................125 3.3.1.1 Consonants ....................................................................................125 3.3.1.2 Vowels ...........................................................................................126 3.3.1.3 Syllable structure...........................................................................127 3.3.1.4 Tones..............................................................................................127 3.3.1.4.1 Original tones..........................................................................128 3.3.1.4.2 Tone sandhi .............................................................................128 3.3.1.4.3 Synchronic constraints on tone sandhi....................................129 3.3.2 Morpho-syntactic categories................................................................130 3.3.2.1 Nouns and noun phrases................................................................130 3.3.2.2 Verbs and the verbal complex........................................................130 3.3.2.3 Clause structure .............................................................................131 3.3.2.4 Markers of viewpoint aspects (or grammatical aspects) ...............131 3.3.2.4.1 Progressive marking................................................................132 3.3.2.4.2 Durative marking ....................................................................132 3.3.2.4.3 Perfective marking ..................................................................133 3.3.2.4.4 Experiential marking...............................................................134 3.3.2.4.5 Marking of a future eventuality ..............................................135 3.3.2.5 Negatives .......................................................................................135 3.3.2.5.1 m ‘not’.....................................................................................135 3.3.2.5.2 bo ‘not’....................................................................................136 3.3.2.5.3 be ‘not (yet)’............................................................................138 3.3.2.5.4 bue ‘not’ ..................................................................................139 3.3.2.6 Topicalisation of an undergoer argument ......................................142 3.3.2.6.1 Pre-transitive markers kan and tsiong.....................................142 3.3.2.6.2 Unmarked topicalisation .........................................................143 3.3.2.7 Passive marker khih ‘lit. give’.......................................................145 3 PART TWO NUCLEAR SERIAL VERB CONSTRUCTIONS........147 CHAPTER FOUR: CAUSE-EFFECT SERIAL VERB CONSTRUCTION148 4.1 SUB-TYPES OF THE CAUSE-EFFECT SERIAL VERB CONSTRUCTION ..............148 4.2 INTER-CLAUSAL DIAGNOSTICS .....................................................................154 4.2.1 Passivisation of the object of V2 ..........................................................154 4.2.2 Other inter-clausal diagnostics............................................................157 4.3 INTRA-CLAUSAL DIAGNOSTICS.....................................................................159 4.3.1 Passivisation of O1 ..............................................................................159 4.3.2 Insertion of intervening material .........................................................160 4.3.2.1 Transitive V1 and intransitive V2..................................................160 4.3.2.2 Transitive V1 and transitive V2.....................................................161 4.3.2.3 Intransitive V1 and Intransitive V2 ...............................................161 4.3.2.4 (Di)transitive V1 and transitive V2 ...............................................162 4.3.2.5 Ditransitive V1 and ditransitive V2...............................................163 4.3.3 Coordination within the SVC ...............................................................163 4.3.3.1 Transitive V1 and intransitive V2..................................................163 4.3.3.2 Transitive
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