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Equalizing Compared to Application Shaping (Layer-7 “Deep Packet Inspection” Products)

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Equalizing Compared to Application Shaping (Layer-7 “Deep Packet Inspection” Products) WHITE PAPER Equalizing Compared to Application Shaping (Layer-7 “Deep Packet Inspection” Products) In the following sections, we will discuss equalizing, NetEqualizer's behavior-based shaping algorithms, including what equalizing is and specifically when and where it should be used. We will highlight how it fits into the overall application shaping landscape, and how in many cases equalizing is a great alternative. We will then cover when and where application shaping is used, how it can be used to your advantage, and also when it may not be a good option for what you are trying to accomplish. What is Equalizing? Overall, equalizing is a simple concept to understand. Equalizing is the art form of looking at the usage patterns or traffic “behaviors” on the network, Equalizing Summary and then when things get congested, robbing from the rich (bandwidth hogs) to give to the poor. • Suited to Internet or WAN links This behavior-based approach to traffic shaping usually mirrors what you • Simple turn-key solution, would end up doing if you could see and identify all of the traffic on your configure once and done network, but does not require the labor and cost of classifying everything. • All traffic runs unencumbered Applications such as VoIP, web-based business applications (SaaS, when network is not congested cloud-based apps), Internet browsing, and instant messaging (IM) all naturally receive higher priority, while large downloads and video receive • During peak congestion, lower priority. As behavior-based shaping does not care what the traffic shapes using fairness-based type (aka “application”) is, it also does not need to be updated constantly algorithms as applications change. • The most effective for shared Once equalizing is in place, it automatically shapes your network when it Internet trunks is congested, using algorithms to implement "instantaneous fairness". The concept of “instantaneous fairness” enables your network to continue • Real-time reporting by providing quick response times to the majority of your users during peak behavior, including bandwidth periods of congestion, while restricting bandwidth hogs from consuming use, penalties, and P2P traffic your entire network. Low bandwidth users do not have to share the pain of Real-time protocol and a slow, congested network clogged by larger, network-hogging • applications. bandwidth graphs • Behavior-based control of Rather than writing hundreds of rules to specify allocations to specific encrypted & unencrypted P2P traffic as in application shaping, you can simply assume that when your network is congested, large bandwidth uses need to be curtailed, short • Affordable, low entry cost quick traffic can run uninterrupted, and be done with it. • Very little recurring cost or Equalizing will keep your network from coming to a standstill and will also labor increase the load that your network can sustain at peak. During peak • Supports Net Neutrality periods of congestion on your network, equalizing will apply its proprietary algorithms to shape traffic. Equalizing traffic shaping ensures that a large bandwidth hog does not bring the network to a crawl and that business can continue as usual. APCONNECTIONS | 303.997.1300 | web: netequalizer.com | blog: netequalizernews.com © 2014 APconnections, Inc. | All rights reserved | rev. 20140616 | Page 1 of 8 Call or email to talk to an engineer: 303.997.1300 x103 [email protected] is not true of application shaping. How does Equalizing work? Let’s review equalizing in action. When your network is A final distinction to be aware of is that equalizing is not at peak congestion, equalizing evaluates each inbound user-based. As we have stated, equalizing logic is and outbound data flow (IP pair) on your network. Data applied to individual data flows (IP pairs). This enables it flows vary widely in bandwidth consumed, and will vary to discriminate across traffic for an individual user. For from short dynamic bursts, such as when searching a example, as shown below, a network user sending an small website, to large persistent flows, as when email, browsing the web, while on a VoIP call, and performing a file download. downloading a large file will be treated as four (4) separate data flows. During periods of network When shaping is occurring on your network, equalizing congestion, the VoIP, email, and browsing sessions will looks at the following factors to intelligently make continue seamlessly, while the large file download will be shaping decisions: slowed in order to prevent the VoIP call from breaking 1) How persistent is this data flow? up, the web session from freezing up, or the email to 2) How many active data flows are there? hang. 3) How long has this data flow been active? 4) How congested is the overall network trunk? Relieving Hidden Node Congestion 5) How much bandwidth is this data flow using, relative Equalizing is the only traffic shaping technology that can to the network trunk size? relieve hidden node congestion in wireless networks. An independent study by the University of Limerick These questions are being asked and assessed in real- validated that equalizing technology solves the hidden time, on all inbound and outbound data flows on your node issue. network. As congestion can occur in either direction, we equalize bi-directionally. Equalizing will make Net Neutrality adjustments to your traffic flow, by adding latency to And finally, equalizing supports Net Neutrality, and large persistent flows, so that short/bursty data flows maintains user privacy, as it does not inspect Internet receive sufficient bandwidth. This eases congestion in packets. two ways: first, and most obvious, the large flow will reduce its bandwidth consumption, thereby enabling other traffic to get a share of the network pipe. Second, and less obviously, the sender will in many cases “back How accurate is Equalizing? off” on the data flow rate, which also frees up network As equalizing is not inspecting traffic, nor trying to bandwidth. determine the type of application for that traffic, classification accuracy is not an issue. The very nature of Another subtlety of equalizing is that traffic flows behavior-based shaping enables traffic to be managed unimpeded when the network has available bandwidth. and controlled without worrying about classification. Equalizing is looking at the size of the traffic and how the “Equalizing is the art form of looking at the traffic behaves on your network. These are the things usage patterns or traffic “behaviors” on the that really matter when you think about it. If your goal is network, and then when things get to optimize your network resources, understanding and congested, robbing from the rich responding to the nature of traffic on your network just (bandwidth hogs) to give to the poor.” makes sense. The additional overhead of attempting traffic classification is not required to speed up your Art Reisman, CTO, APconnections network. In addition, equalizing does a good job of not penalizing The implication here is that shaping is not applied when traffic unnecessarily. It looks at average traffic behavior it is not needed. This is an important distinction to over a defined period of time to make sure that traffic is remember, as you will see later in our discussion that this not penalized for short bursts of large bandwidth use. APCONNECTIONS | 303.997.1300 | web: netequalizer.com | blog: netequalizernews.com © 2014 APconnections, Inc. | All rights reserved | rev. 20140616 | Page 2 of 8 1 Call or email to talk to an engineer: 303.997.1300 x103 [email protected] When should you choose Equalizing? Equalizing is the right solution when you are trying to How is P2P Traffic Handled? shape traffic on a shared Internet trunk, or if you want a The other main cause of Internet gridlock, as well as simple turnkey way to optimize VoIP and Business bringing down routers and access points, is peer-to-peer Applications on a WAN link. (P2P) traffic. P2P traffic can be recognized by its propensity to open hundreds or perhaps thousands of Internet traffic is highly variable. The application types small connections to different sources on the Internet. that will be popular 1-2 years from now may not even exist today. Equalizing is a great choice for shaping P2P traffic can be a major source of congestion, as well Internet trunks, as it does not need to know in advance as be used for illegal activities, such as downloading what types of applications are popular. licensed movie or music content. Therefore, on some networks it is advisable to stop P2P traffic from either Equalizing gets you out of the classification game. As the entire network or portions of it. equalizing does not rely on classification to shape traffic, you do not have to worry about common application Equalizing takes care of instances of congestion caused shaping challenges, such as misclassification of traffic, by single-source bandwidth hogs, but does not address unclassifiable traffic, or only 90% of your traffic getting P2P directly. Over the years, NetEqualizer engineers classified correctly. have developed additional algorithms to spot connection abuse and avert its side effects. Equalizing maximizes the use of your bandwidth, which can help you to defer a bandwidth upgrade and also Consistent with our behavior-based shaping, we look at ensures that you are optimizing your existing bandwidth. the behavior of connections to determine if P2P traffic is Your bandwidth is available for all application types to active on your network. When an IP address, subnet, or use as needed. You do not need to allocate portions of the entire network has traffic that is trying to open your network to each application type, trying to hundreds or thousands of connections, connection limits determine in advance what to reserve for each type, will stop opening connections after a predefined limit.
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