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Apatite Fission-Track Evidence for Postmetamorphic Uplift

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Apatite Fission-Track Evidence for Postmetamorphic Uplift ©Geol. Bundesanstalt, Wien; download unter www.geologie.ac.at Jb. Geol. B.-A. ISSN 0016-7800 Band 130 Heft 4 S.571-586 Wien, Dezember 1987 Apatite Fission-Track Evidence for Postmetamorphic Uplift and Cooling History of the Eastern Tauern Window and the Surrounding Austroalpine (Central Eastern Alps, Austria) By HEINZ STAUFENBERG*) With 10 Figures and 1 Table Ostalpen Austroalpin Penninikum Tauernfenster Tauernkristallisalion Radiometrische Altersbeslimmungen Apalit-Spa Itspu ren-A Iter Hebungsraten Abkühlungsgeschichte Contents Zusammenfassung , , ,...... 571 1. I~~;~~ac~:o~'a~d' P~~bl~;'" : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : ~i~ 2. Sampling and Experimental Methods .. , , , , , 574 3. Results . , , , , , , , . , 574 4. Discussion ., , , , " 581 5. ~~~~~u.:li~~~e~~~is' : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : ~:~ References , , " , , , , . , , 585 Zusammenfassung Die Abkühlungsgeschwindigkeiten der Gesteinsserien des Mit Hilfe von 62 Apatit-Spaltspurendatierungen wurde die Tauernpenninikums und des ostalpinen Alkristallins liegen im nach dem Abklingen der spätalpinen Regionalmetamorphose Niedertemperaturbereich (von 100°C bis zur heutigen Oberflä- (Tauernkristallisation) fortschreitende Hebung und Abkühlung chentemperatur) zwischen ca. 4 und 9°e/Ma. des östlichen Tauernfensters und seiner ostalpinen Umrah- Mit Ausnahme einer Altersanomalie im Bereich von Badga- mung untersucht. Die Bestimmung der Apatit-Spaltspurenalter stein, die nur hypothetisch erklärt werden kann, verlief die He- erfolgte nach der Populationsmethode. bung und Abkühlung des Tauernfensters für den datierten Die Apatit-Spaltspurenalter sind Abkühlungsalter mit einer Zeitraum insgesamt sehr homogen. Schließungstemperatur von ca. 100°C. Die Standardabwei- chung der Alter beträgt :t 10 %. Innerhalb des Tauernfensters und im Randbereich des ostal- Summary pinen Altkristallins (Polinik Gebiet) liegen die Apatit-Spaltspu- renalter zwischen 6 und 23.4 Ma. Im Bereich des Kreuzecks Apatite fission track ages of 62 samples from within the (Altkristallin) steigen die Alter bis zu 31.4 Ma. Die älteste eastern Tauern Window and from its borders were determined Probe mit 57.6 Ma stammt aus der ostalpinen Grauwacken- by the population method, the ages interpreted as cooling zone bei Saalfelden. Dabei handelt es sich wahrscheinlich ages following the alpine metamorphism (Tauernkristallisa- nicht mehr um ein Abkühlungsalter der alpinen Tauernkristalli- tion), assuming a closure temperature of 100°C. They are ac- salion (Temperaturmaximum zwischen 185-92 Ma), sondern curate to :t10 %. eher um ein Mischalter oder Abkühlungsalter einer frühalpinen Fission track ages from within the Tauern Window and from Metamorphose (Temperaturmaximum ziwschen 90 und the Austroalpine Altkristallin units (Polinik area) are between 6 80 Ma). and 23.4 Ma. In the Kreuzeck area (Altkristallin) the ages in- Für ausgewählte Gebiete wurden über angenähert vertikale crease to 31.4 Ma. The oldest sample, dated 57.6 Ma, comes Probenprofile folgende Hebungsgeschwindigkeiten bestimmt: from the Grauwackenzone near Saalfelden. This age is proba- Sonnblick/Siglitz 0.24 mm/a; Großglockner 0.2 mm/a; Reiß- bly a aooling age from the early alpine metamorphism (peak at eck/Polinik 0.16 mm/a und Kreuzeck 0.1 mm/a. Diese Werte 185-92 Ma) rather than the Tauernkristallisation (peak at gelten für den Zeitraum zwischen 6 und 31 Ma. 30-50 Ma). Zusammen mit den Ergebnissen von GRUNDMANN& MOR- Vertical sampling profiles in selected areas gave the follow- TEANI(1985) ergibt sich, daß innerhalb des Tauernfensters die ing uplift rates: Sonnblick/Siglitz 0.24 mm/a; Großglockner Apatit-Spaltspurenalter kontinuierlich von West nach Ost zu- 0.2 mm/a; Reißeck/Polinik 0.16 mm/a and Kreuzeck 0.1 mm/ nehmen und die Hebungsgeschwindigkeiten abnehmen. Das a. These rates are valid for the period between 6 and 31 Ma. ostalpine Altkristallin des Polinik-Gebietes unterlag einer glei- The results of this study combined with those from chen Hebungs- und Abkühlungsgeschichte wie das benach- GRUNDMANN& MORTEANI(1985) in the western Tauern Window barte Penninikum des Reißecks. show that the apatite fission track ages increase continuously from west to east within the Tauern Window, and the uplift rates continuously decrease. The Austroalpine Altkristallin in *) Author's address: Dipl.-Min. Dr, HEINZSTAUFENBERG,Ludwig the Polinik area underwent the same uplift and cooling history Rehn-Straße 3, 0-3437 Bad Sooden-Allendorf. as the adjacent Penninikum of the Reißeck area, 571 ©Geol. Bundesanstalt, Wien; download unter www.geologie.ac.at The rocks of the Tauem Penninikum and the Austroalpine In the eastern Tauern Window Rb/Sr and K/ Ar Altkristallin have coolf:ld from the apatite closing temperature radiometric cooling ages of biotite and white mica in the (100DC) to the present surface temperature at between 4 and Penninie and Austroalpine rocks are reported by Ox- 9DC/Ma. With the single exception of the Badgastein area, which can BURGHet al. (1966). LAMBERT(1970), HAWKESWORTH be hypothetically explained, the uplift and cooling of the (1976). WATERS(1976), BRACK(1977) and PEER& ZIM- Tauem Window for the dated period was very homogenous. MER (1980). The closure temperature of Rb/Sr and K/ Ar in biotite is about 300°C:t50°C, for K/ Ar in white mica 350°C and 500°C for Rb/Sr in white mica (PURDY 1. Introduction and Problem & JÄGER, 1976; JÄGER, 1979). These closure tempera- tures are obviously closer to the peak temperature of Based on a study of 62 fission track ages from apa- the last metamorphic event than that of the fission tite, the main intention of this paper is to analyse the tracks in apatite. Therefore, a combination of the apa- young uplift and thermal history of the Penninie rocks of tite fission track ages with Rb/Sr and K/ Ar ages of biot- the eastern Tauern Window and the surrounding Au- ite and white mica extends the information on the cool- stroalpine (= Eastalpine) rocks. The investigated area ing history to times closer to the metamorphic peak. is shown in fig. 1 on a geological sketch map of the OXBURGHet al. (1966) noted an abrupt break in the eastern Alps. The fission track ages of apatite are cool- pattern of the K/ Ar ages at the "Mölltal" line at the ing ages (WAGNER,1968; WAGNER& REIMER,1972). In edge of the southeast Tauern Window. Inside the win- the western Tauern Window GRUNDMANN& MORTEANI dow most ages are about 20 Ma. In the Austroalpine (1985) calculated cooling rates between 13DC/ Ma and "Altkristallin" units outside the window both the Rb/Sr 30DC/ Ma combining apatite fission track ages with K/ Ar and K/ Ar cooling ages are about 80 Ma. These ages and Rb/Sr ages in biotite. Similar high cooling rates reflect the last thermal events in and outside the east- should also be expected for the eastern Tauern Window ern Tauern Window, respectively. (CLIFF & OXBURGH,1971). The most important thermal event in the Penninie As in the Central Alps (WAGNER & REIMER, 1972; rocks of the Tauern Window was the mid-Tertiary "mid- WAGNERet aI., 1977) an increase of the apatite fission dle Alpine" (VAN EYSINGER,1975) regional metamorph- track ages with increasing topographic elevation was ism, also called "Tauernkristallisation" (SANDER,1911, observed in the western Tauern Window by GRUNDMANN 1921), "late Alpine" (DROOP, 1985), "Mesoalpine" & MORTEANI(1985), indicating uplift rates between 0.2 (KREUZERet aI., 1978) or "main Alpidic event" (RAITHet und 0.5 mm/a .. aI., 1978). This Barrovian metamorphism reached its München o Graz Ljubljana IPIII OINARIOES cs:3"SChiChtst ulenl and" Igneous rocks "Südalpin" lIIIJ undill . Verona fTTTl"O' 'd ,,~"Auneralpine varis- L.....!....JJ man en ~ zische Gebirge" o 100 km a)~ a) Helvetic. Flysch. I I ~ b) Penninic rocks undiff. b) Penninic rocks of the lauern Window Fig. 1. Geological sketch map of the Eastern Alps with investigated area, 572 ©Geol. Bundesanstalt, Wien; download unter www.geologie.ac.at r Penninikum 1 <II C o C <II 1Il <II >.- ~ <II 1Il 00 1Il -...J E 0 0 <II 01 <II .... 0_ o .... .... 0 ~I <II <II u L.1Il <II .... C C D.: C uO C <II " Vl OClO <II <II L. ::) -0 0 0 - .- 01 :.::i 1Il <II <II ~ L. c 0) .... .0 L. <II CO 0 "0 c= 1Il "0 <II Cl:: 0 o . <II <II C I «g c C 0 C <II <II L. C ::J CO L. Cl 01 -~ I .r:; .- <II a. .... a..ü <II~ a. <II 0) <II E-<II " .: " c ::i .... u a.<II a. I ca C 1Il a.~ :J 0 C C - <II <II ~ o ~ 0 0 0 « :x: 0) ...Je; L. <II c 0 L. 0 0 ..... ...J U L. L. ".... 01 0) I °C <II 0 ..... <II C ~ I <II :5 <II :J 0) N 1Il <II C .r:; 1Il 1Il u <II :J" 0 - « I L. o"~ ~ ~ .0 - 0 .... <II C E - 0 C C U <II .r:; :J 0 C 1Il 0 <II c:::= C N ::)Vl ":J Vl 'i: Cl ..... « :J Vl- l.L '0 N L. Qj :0 <II 0 'Qj.£'1 ~ : Z Cl ~a..a.. Cl:: Vl Vl w ...J (:) > W [J « ...J 0):0 1Il 0 :0 L....J...J 0 <11.- 0 ...J ~ D ~ Cl Cl (:) (:) (:) :x: :x: ~ ~ a.. a.. Cl:: Vl Vl ~ ~ ci. <tl E .c 0 Q; .>< " (I) m 0 Q. ';:;, 0 0 0 " Q) Vi C> '0 "0 ~ Cl:: Ci E 'e;; • <tl .5 o c: .2m ~ m 0; ';:: .>< c: Q; ::> <tl a t. E I :c(I) a. (;; E <tl 0:: Q; E m c: ';:;,0 ~ Q) c: 'Ci. Ci: Q) :5 ä (I) '0 en<tl 0 ,!!! '0 c: tU (I) ~ m 0 .Q C> ,5 NC5.. .E .52> co ~z-- u.. en 573 ©Geol. Bundesanstalt, Wien; download unter www.geologie.ac.at peak between 65 Ma and 30 Ma. For the Penni nie rocks monitor. The activity of the Co-content was measured of the wes t ern Tauern Window a younger with a "Harshaw Ge (Li)" detector and a "Canberra metamorphism than the middle Alpine Tauernkristallisa- 8622" multichannel analyser according to the method of tion at 20 Ma was suggested by BORSI et al.
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