(Cypereae, Cyperaceae) Based on Molecular Phylogenetic Data

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

(Cypereae, Cyperaceae) Based on Molecular Phylogenetic Data Delimiting the genera of the Ficinia Clade (Cypereae, Cyperaceae) based on molecular phylogenetic data A. Muthama Muasya1,2 and Isabel Larridon2,3 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Bolus Herbarium, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa 2 Identification and Naming, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK 3 Department of Biology, Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Lab, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium ABSTRACT Generic delimitations in the Ficinia Clade of tribe Cypereae are revisited. In particular, we aim to establish the placement of annual species currently included in Isolepis of which the phylogenetic position is uncertain. Phylogenetic inference is based on two nuclear markers (ETS, ITS) and five plastid markers (the genes matK, ndhF, rbcL and rps16, the trnL intron and trnL-F spacer) data, analyzed using model based methods. Topologies based on nuclear and plastid data show incongruence at the backbone. Therefore, the results are presented separately. The monophyly of the smaller genera (Afroscirpoides, Dracoscirpoides, Erioscirpus, Hellmuthia, Scirpoides) is confirmed. However, Isolepis is paraphyletic as Ficinia is retrieved as one of its clades. Furthermore, Ficinia is paraphyletic if I. marginata and allies are excluded. We take a pragmatic approach based on the nuclear topology, driven by a desire to minimize taxonomic changes, to recircumscribe Ficinia to include the annual Isolepis species characterized by cartilaginous glumes and formally include all the Isolepis species inferred outside the core Isolepis clade. Consequently, the circumscription of Isolepis is narrowed to encompass only those species retrieved as part of the core Isolepis clade. Five new combinations are Submitted 20 August 2020 made (Ficinia neocapensis, Ficinia hemiuncialis, Ficinia incomtula, Ficinia leucoloma, Accepted 18 December 2020 Ficinia minuta). We present nomenclatural summary at genus level, identification Published 26 January 2021 keys and diagnostic features. Corresponding author A. Muthama Muasya, [email protected] Subjects Biodiversity, Evolutionary Studies, Plant Science fi Academic editor Keywords Taxonomy, Phylogenetics, Cyperaceae, Classi cation, Nomenclature, Cape Flora, Victoria Sosa Isolepis, Ficinia Additional Information and Declarations can be found on INTRODUCTION page 14 The paradigm shift towards recognition of genera as monophyletic entities has DOI 10.7717/peerj.10737 necessitated changes in generic circumscription (Humphreys & Linder, 2009). Within Copyright Cyperaceae, a number of changes have been made within the last decade, for example the 2021 Muasya and Larridon merger of segregate genera into the paraphyletic core in Carex L. (Global Carex Group Distributed under (GCG), 2015) and Cyperus L. (Larridon et al., 2011a, 2011b, 2013, 2014; Bauters et al., Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 2014). A number of genera have been found to be polyphyletic, especially in the tribe Schoeneae, resolved by reclassification of entities and naming of a number of lineages as How to cite this article Muasya AM, Larridon I. 2021. Delimiting the genera of the Ficinia Clade (Cypereae, Cyperaceae) based on molecular phylogenetic data. PeerJ 9:e10737 DOI 10.7717/peerj.10737 new genera (Elliott & Muasya, 2017; Larridon et al., 2018; Larridon, Verboom & Muasya, 2018; Barrett, Wilson & Bruhl, 2019). Each of the four Cyperaceae genera recognized by Linnaeus (1753) has been reclassified over the years, with Linnaeus’ circumscription of Scirpus L. as encompassing species with bisexual flowers and spiral glume arrangement representing the most heterogenous assemblage. Embryo morphology data (Van der Veken, 1965; Goetghebeur, 1986; Semmouri et al., 2019) have unequivocally demonstrated that lineages with distinct morphology were included in Scirpus. In his seminal treatment of the family, Goetghebeur (1998) placed the 24 taxa previously named Scirpus by Linnaeus (1753) in the tribes Cypereae, Fuireneae and Scirpeae, with S. sylvaticus L. being the only species described by Linnaeus recognized as a true Scirpus and two of the species recognized as members of Isolepis R.Br. Within tribe Cypereae, the Ficinia Clade (sensu Muasya et al., 2009b) comprises taxa whose placement has been most contentious. Goetghebeur (1998) diagnosed tribe Cypereae to include species characterised by either a Cyperus or a Ficinia type embryo, where glumes are arranged distichously (Cyperus and allies) or spirally (Isolepis, Ficinia Schrad., Scirpoides Ség). Lineages bearing perianth segments were added to the clade based on molecular phylogenetic data, moving Hellmuthia Steud. from Chysitricheae (Vrijdaghs et al., 2006; Muasya et al., 2009a, 2009b), Erioscirpus Palla from Scirpeae (Yano et al., 2012), and recognizing southern African taxa previously placed in Scirpus as a distinct genus Dracoscirpoides Muasya (Muasya et al., 2012). Furthermore, the delimitation of Scirpoides has been altered to exclude Afroscirpoides García-Madr. and Muasya (García-Madrid et al., 2015) and the addition of two species that were ambiguously placed (Browning & Gordon-Gray, 2011; Reid et al., 2017). These genera are annual to perennial herbs, have basal leaves which vary in blade development, have considerable variation in inflorescence and floral morphology, and are diagnosed by a combination of morphological features (see Table 2 in García-Madrid et al., 2015). Generic delimitation between Isolepis and Ficinia is based on few morphological characters. Isolepis have a varied habit (annual to perennial) and are widespread, whereas Ficinia are perennial and predominantly occur within the Cape flora and in Africa (Goetghebeur, 1998; Muasya & Simpson, 2002). A further distinction is the presence of a gynophore in Ficinia, but several species having a gynophore and occurring outside Africa were previously excluded from the genus. For example, the New Zealand iconic sand dune taxon (Desmoschoenus spiralis (A.Rich.) Hook.f.) is embedded within core Ficinia (as Ficinia spiralis (A.Rich.) Muasya and De Lange; Muasya & De Lange, 2010), and the more widespread Ficinia nodosa (Rottb.) Goetgh., Muasya and D. A. Simpson was retained in Isolepis despite having a well developed gynophore (Muasya, Simpson & Goetghebeur, 2000). Furthermore, Isolepis may not be monophyletic as Ficinia is one of the three to four clades recovered in Isolepis (Muasya & De Lange, 2010; García-Madrid et al., 2015; Hinchliff & Roalson, 2013; Spalink et al., 2016; Semmouri et al., 2019). Challenges on distinguishing Ficinia from Isolepis have persisted over the last 200 years, as evident from at least one in six of the currently recognized Ficinia species having a validly published epithet in Isolepis (Govaerts et al., 2020). Muasya and Larridon (2021), PeerJ, DOI 10.7717/peerj.10737 2/19 We use an expanded molecular phylogenetic study to investigate the generic limits in the Ficinia Clade. We infer the phylogenetic relationships and placement of ambiguously placed Isolepis species, namely (1) I. hemiuncialis (C. B. Clarke) J. Raynal and I. incomtula Nees—which have been previously recovered as sister to the core Isolepis/ Ficinia clade; (2) I. marginata (Thunb.) A. Dietr. and allies (I. antarctica (L.) Roem. and Schult., I. capensis Muasya, I. leucoloma (Nees) C. Archer, I. minuta (Turrill) J. Raynal)—previously recovered as sister to core clade of Ficinia. The aim is to establish whether the genera in the Ficinia Clade, particularly Isolepis and Ficinia, are monophyletic, and to evaluate what characters diagnose the inferred (sub)clades. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethics statement Part of the specimens studied were collected during field expeditions predominantly in Western Cape province of South Africa funded by grants from the National Research Foundation and with additional support from the University of Cape Town. Permit to collect these specimens were issued by the Cape Nature authorities (CN35-28-5831). The other specimens studied are available in publicly accessible herbaria (BOL, K; B. Thiers, continuously updated, http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/) and voucher details provided in Tables S1 and S2. Nomenclature and taxonomy A nomenclatural study including the taxonomic history of the genus and its species, critical for the correct coining of the new names and the proper use of prior ones, was performed. The electronic version of this article in Portable Document Format will represent a published work according to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants, and hence the new names contained in the electronic version are effectively published under that Code from the electronic edition alone. In addition, new names contained in this work which have been issued with identifiers by IPNI will eventually be made available to the Global Names Index. The IPNI LSIDs can be resolved and the associated information viewed through any standard web browser by appending the LSID contained in this publication to the prefix “http://ipni.org/”. The online version of this work is archived and available from the following digital repositories: PeerJ, PubMed Central and CLOCKSS. Molecular study The Ficinia Clade, our focus group, includes the genera Afroscirpoides (one species), Dracoscripoides (three species), Erioscirpus (two species), Ficinia (81 species), Hellmuthia (one species), Isolepis (75 species) and Scirpoides (four species). A total of 166 ingroup accessions were sequenced (Table S1), representing: one species of Afroscirpoides (100%), three Dracoscripoides (100%), one Erioscirpus
Recommended publications
  • Seed Ecology Iii
    SEED ECOLOGY III The Third International Society for Seed Science Meeting on Seeds and the Environment “Seeds and Change” Conference Proceedings June 20 to June 24, 2010 Salt Lake City, Utah, USA Editors: R. Pendleton, S. Meyer, B. Schultz Proceedings of the Seed Ecology III Conference Preface Extended abstracts included in this proceedings will be made available online. Enquiries and requests for hardcopies of this volume should be sent to: Dr. Rosemary Pendleton USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station Albuquerque Forestry Sciences Laboratory 333 Broadway SE Suite 115 Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA 87102-3497 The extended abstracts in this proceedings were edited for clarity. Seed Ecology III logo designed by Bitsy Schultz. i June 2010, Salt Lake City, Utah Proceedings of the Seed Ecology III Conference Table of Contents Germination Ecology of Dry Sandy Grassland Species along a pH-Gradient Simulated by Different Aluminium Concentrations.....................................................................................................................1 M Abedi, M Bartelheimer, Ralph Krall and Peter Poschlod Induction and Release of Secondary Dormancy under Field Conditions in Bromus tectorum.......................2 PS Allen, SE Meyer, and K Foote Seedling Production for Purposes of Biodiversity Restoration in the Brazilian Cerrado Region Can Be Greatly Enhanced by Seed Pretreatments Derived from Seed Technology......................................................4 S Anese, GCM Soares, ACB Matos, DAB Pinto, EAA da Silva, and HWM Hilhorst
    [Show full text]
  • Nitens (Cyperaceae) in Indiana
    2013 THE MICHIGAN BOTANIST 25 REDISCOVERY OF RHYNCHOSPORA (PSILOCARYA) NITENS (CYPERACEAE) IN INDIANA Roger L. Hedge Emily J. Stork Indiana Department of Natural Resources Indiana Department of Natural Resources Division of Nature Preserves Division of Nature Preserves 402 W. Washington Street, Rm W267 5690 Chase St. Indianapolis, IN 46204 Merrillville, IN 46410 [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT In 2012 the authors rediscovered Rhynchospora (Psilocarya) nitens in Porter County at its only known site of occurrence in Indiana, providing the first documentation of the species for the site and the state in over 50 years. Prior to the 2012 discovery, the species had been collected in the state only twice since 1899. An Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain disjunct, this sedge is represented by only two occurrences in the Great Lakes region: Allegan County, Michigan and Porter County, Indiana. INTRODUCTION Rhynchospora nitens (Vahl) A. Gray is an Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain sedge that ranges in the U.S. from Texas to Massachusetts and that has disjunct occurrences in Indiana and Michigan. Farther south it occurs in the West Indies and Central America (Kral 2002). In the Atlantic Coastal Plain states in the U.S. the species is listed as “vulnerable” to “critically imperiled” in 8 of the 14 states where it occurs, namely Texas, Georgia, North Carolina, Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, and Massachusetts, and as “possibly extirpated” in Vir - ginia (NatureServe 2014). It is listed as “apparently secure” in Louisiana and Mississippi (NatureServe 2014). Although NatureServe (2014) indicates that the species has not been ranked or is still under review in Alabama, Florida, South Carolina, and Michigan Rothrock (2009) states it is “deemed secure from extir - pation in Florida and Mississippi” and Reznicek (1999) notes that it is primarily a southern coastal plain plant that is very rare in the northern parts of its range.
    [Show full text]
  • Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
    Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Common Native & Invasive Freshwater Plants in Alaska
    Introduction to Common Native & Potential Invasive Freshwater Plants in Alaska Cover photographs by (top to bottom, left to right): Tara Chestnut/Hannah E. Anderson, Jamie Fenneman, Vanessa Morgan, Dana Visalli, Jamie Fenneman, Lynda K. Moore and Denny Lassuy. Introduction to Common Native & Potential Invasive Freshwater Plants in Alaska This document is based on An Aquatic Plant Identification Manual for Washington’s Freshwater Plants, which was modified with permission from the Washington State Department of Ecology, by the Center for Lakes and Reservoirs at Portland State University for Alaska Department of Fish and Game US Fish & Wildlife Service - Coastal Program US Fish & Wildlife Service - Aquatic Invasive Species Program December 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments ............................................................................ x Introduction Overview ............................................................................. xvi How to Use This Manual .................................................... xvi Categories of Special Interest Imperiled, Rare and Uncommon Aquatic Species ..................... xx Indigenous Peoples Use of Aquatic Plants .............................. xxi Invasive Aquatic Plants Impacts ................................................................................. xxi Vectors ................................................................................. xxii Prevention Tips .................................................... xxii Early Detection and Reporting
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Community-Based Monitoring Methods for Coastal Dunes of the Bay of Plenty Region
    Development of community-based monitoring methods for coastal dunes of the Bay of Plenty Region David Bergin and Michael Bergin Environmental Restoration Ltd June 2018 Papamoa College students surveying vegetation cover on the foredunes along a transect, Papamoa Beach A contract report prepared for the Bay of Plenty Regional Council by Environmental Restoration Ltd. This project has been undertaken in collaboration with the Coastal Restoration Trust of New Zealand and their research partners. For the Bay of Plenty coastal dunes, monitoring methods were developed with assistance and in collaboration with Chris Ward, Shay Dean, Courtney Bell and Hamish Dean of the Bay of Plenty Regional Council. 1 Scope and content of this report The Bay of Plenty Regional Council (BOPRC) was one of the first councils to adopt a community‐ based approach to dune management in New Zealand following programmes that were initiated widely in New South Wales in the 1980s and expanded to other parts of Australia (Dahm et al. 2005). Extensive programmes now operate in many regions throughout New Zealand. In the Bay of Plenty region there are currently community Coast Care groups located from Waihi Beach in the west to Whangaparaoa on the east of the region involved in various aspects of dune restoration and management (Figure 1). They are formed by partnerships between the local community, iwi, district councils, the Department of Conservation and BOPRC working together to protect and restore beaches and coastal dunes (www.boprc.govt.nz/residents‐and‐ communities/care‐groups/coast‐care/). The Coast Care groups around the BOP region are involved in a wide range of activities to help protect the coastline, restore natural dune form and function, and are increasing awareness of coastal hazards and climate change in local communities.
    [Show full text]
  • A Guide to Native Plants in North Sydney Nurseries Who Supply Local Native Plants for the North Sydney Region
    Live Local Plant Local a guide to native plants in North Sydney Nurseries who supply local native plants for the North Sydney region Ku-ring-gai Community Nursery Run through Ku-ring-gai Council. Ask for local plants for North Sydney area. 430 Mona Vale Road, St. Ives. Phone: (02) 9424 0376 / 0409 035 570 Tharwa Native Nursery Retail/Wholesale. Ask for local species for North Sydney area. 21 Myoora Road, Terry Hills. Phone: (02) 9450 1967 www.tubestocktharwanursery.com.au Wirreanda Nursery Indigenous species that Retail/Wholesale. Ask for local native species for North Sydney. make ideal garden plants 7 Wirreanda Road North, Ingleside. Phone: (02) 9450 1400 We can preserve and recreate some of North Sydney’s www.wirreandanursery.com.au unique native vegetation in our gardens by planting locally indigenous species. Many native species are Harvest Seeds & Native Plants becoming rare and our bushland is under threat from Retail/Wholesale. fragmentation, degradation, and the introduction of exotic Provenance is displayed. species. Planting locally not only benefits the environment 281 Mona Vale Road, Terry Hills. and native fauna, but is also beneficial to you, as these Phone: (02) 9450 2699 species require little watering, fertilising and maintenance. www.harvestseeds-nativeplants.com.au The selection of 30 indigenous species over the next few Indigo Native Nursery pages make ideal garden plants because they are hardy, Lot 57 Wattle Road, Ingleside. attractive, suitable for a variety of conditions and are easy Phone: (02) 9970 8709 to maintain.
    [Show full text]
  • Ficha Catalográfica Online
    UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE BIOLOGIA – IB SUZANA MARIA DOS SANTOS COSTA SYSTEMATIC STUDIES IN CRYPTANGIEAE (CYPERACEAE) ESTUDOS FILOGENÉTICOS E SISTEMÁTICOS EM CRYPTANGIEAE CAMPINAS, SÃO PAULO 2018 SUZANA MARIA DOS SANTOS COSTA SYSTEMATIC STUDIES IN CRYPTANGIEAE (CYPERACEAE) ESTUDOS FILOGENÉTICOS E SISTEMÁTICOS EM CRYPTANGIEAE Thesis presented to the Institute of Biology of the University of Campinas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of PhD in Plant Biology Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obtenção do Título de Doutora em Biologia Vegetal ESTE ARQUIVO DIGITAL CORRESPONDE À VERSÃO FINAL DA TESE DEFENDIDA PELA ALUNA Suzana Maria dos Santos Costa E ORIENTADA PELA Profa. Maria do Carmo Estanislau do Amaral (UNICAMP) E CO- ORIENTADA pelo Prof. William Wayt Thomas (NYBG). Orientadora: Maria do Carmo Estanislau do Amaral Co-Orientador: William Wayt Thomas CAMPINAS, SÃO PAULO 2018 Agência(s) de fomento e nº(s) de processo(s): CNPq, 142322/2015-6; CAPES Ficha catalográfica Universidade Estadual de Campinas Biblioteca do Instituto de Biologia Mara Janaina de Oliveira - CRB 8/6972 Costa, Suzana Maria dos Santos, 1987- C823s CosSystematic studies in Cryptangieae (Cyperaceae) / Suzana Maria dos Santos Costa. – Campinas, SP : [s.n.], 2018. CosOrientador: Maria do Carmo Estanislau do Amaral. CosCoorientador: William Wayt Thomas. CosTese (doutorado) – Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia. Cos1. Savanas. 2. Campinarana. 3. Campos rupestres. 4. Filogenia - Aspectos moleculares. 5. Cyperaceae. I. Amaral, Maria do Carmo Estanislau do, 1958-. II. Thomas, William Wayt, 1951-. III. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Biologia. IV. Título.
    [Show full text]
  • Marlborough's East Coast
    Council Meeting 24 June 2021 Separately Circulated Attachment (as indicated this is circulated separately to the Agenda) This attachment relates to Item 6 in your Agenda Attachment 6.3 – Technical Report (Version 4, June 2021) Document Control Version Date of Report Environment Planning Finance Council Meeting Committee Meeting Community Committee Meeting Version 1 22 March 2019 30 April 2019 16 May 2019 Version 2 28 June 2019 18 July 2019 8 August 2019 Version 3 1 November 2019 29 November 2019 12 December 2019 Version 4 June 2021 24 June 2021 File Ref: L225-16-04 Record No: 1966306 Marlborough's East Coast Contents 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Purpose .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.2. Scope ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.3. Structure ............................................................................................................................ 2 1.4. Coastline photos ............................................................................................................... 2 2. The values of Marlborough’s East Coast environment present before the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake ........................................................................ 6 2.1. Cultural Values .................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Beach Dynamics and Recreational Access Changes on an Earthquake-Uplifted Coast
    Beach dynamics and recreational access changes on an earthquake-uplifted coast Prepared for Marlborough District Council August 2020 Marine Ecology Research Group University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 ISBN 978-0-473-54390-7 (Print) ISBN 978-0-473-54392-1 (Online) For citation: Orchard, S., Falconer, T., Fischman, H., Schiel, D. R. (2020). Beach dynamics and recreational access changes on an earthquake-uplifted coast. Report to the Marlborough District Council, 42pp. ISBN 978-0-473-54390-7 (Print), ISBN 978-0-473-54392-1 (Online). Available online from https://hdl.handle.net/10092/101043 This work is made available under an Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. For further information please contact: [email protected] Ph: +64 3 369 4141 Disclaimer Information contained in report is provided in good faith based on the preliminary results of field studies, literature review and third party information. Assumptions relied upon in preparing this report includes information provided by third parties, some of which may not have been verified. The information is provided on the basis that readers will make their own enquiries to independently evaluate, assess and verify the information’s correctness, completeness and usefulness. By using this information you acknowledge that this information is provided by the Marine Ecology Research Group (MERG). Findings, recommendations, and opinions expressed within this document relate only to the specific locations of our study sites and may not be applicable to other sites and contexts. MERG undertakes no duty, nor accepts any responsibility, to any party who may rely upon or use this document.
    [Show full text]
  • PDF Download
    E-nEwslEttEr: no 77. April 2010 Deadline for next issue: Friday 14 May 2010 Guest message from the Treasurer It was with mixed emotions I attended the launch of the outstanding new publication “Threatened Plants of New Zealand” at the Department of Conservation national office a couple of weeks ago. Pride that the Network with its partners had supported and facilitated such a publication was tinged with sadness that the book showed that we are not making progress in the management of New Zealand’s biodiversity. This at the same time that funding for biodiversity management in general, and threatened species in particular, is under pressure both nationally and regionally. The irony is not lost in this the International Year of Biodiversity. What can we do about it? There are no easy answers but it has to start with each and every one of us and with the organisations we support and belong to. The work of the Network, and its achievements over the past 6 years, has been beyond what any of us could have imagined. Minister of Conservation The Hon. Kate Wilkinson Yet we need to do more. This work needs to speaks at the launch of Threatened Plants of New be managed in a coordinated and professional Zealand. manner. For that, we need resources and funding. Photo: Nadine Bott, Department of Conservation. One area of work that the Network supports is research into the conservation, protection and recovery of New Zealand’s threatened plant species and communities. The David Given Threatened Plant Scholarship was launched in 2008 with the first recipients being Drs Peter Heenan and Rob Smissen for their research into the conservation genetics and taxonomy of Convolvulus “glabrous”.
    [Show full text]
  • Towradgi Beach Dune Vegetation Site Plan 2018
    Z18/182215 Towradgi Beach Dune Vegetation Site Plan 2018 August 2018 VERSION DATE COMMENTS REVISED BY 0.1 February 2015 Aimee Beardsmore 0.2 August 2016 New vegetation mapping and revised actions Elli Kircher 0.3 June 2017 Revised actions Martine Fraser 0.4 August 2018 Updated due to adoption of Tree and Vegetation Vandalism Martine Fraser Policy 1 August 2018 Introduction Council adopted a Wollongong Dune Management Strategy for the Patrolled Swimming Areas of 17 Beaches in March 2014. Management options were identified to address safety and recreational amenity issues, whilst also considering ecological values and the role of dunes in protection against coastal hazards. Options relating to vegetation management are management of noxious and invasive weed species and management of subspecies of Acacia longifolia (Coastal Wattle). This site plan will guide vegetation management works which will be undertaken by a number of parties including Council’s dune crew and contractors, and Dunecare volunteers. Vegetation Maps Vegetation mapping was initially undertaken at Towradgi Beach on 24 July, 4 and 11 August 2014 to inform works and provide a baseline to monitor progress. The site was divided into Bays as delineated by access paths. Each Bay was divided into patches to indicate the location and abundance of weeds and native plants. Vegetation mapping was re-done in August 2016 to update the maps to inform works given the large amount of work that has already been conducted. Management Actions and Priorities Actions have been prioritised taking into consideration the following factors: 1. The overall aim to improve sight lines for lifeguards and lifesavers, recreational amenity and site access.
    [Show full text]
  • Flinders Region Side B Web.Qxd
    Indigenous plants suitable for revegetation or landscaping in the Flinders Region. Scientific Name Common Name Size h x w (m) 1234567 CANOPY Acacia dealbata subsp. dealbata Silver Wattle 30 x 10 Acacia mearnsii Black Wattle 25 x 10 TREES Acacia melanoxylon Blackwood 30 x 15 Acacia verticillata Prickly Moses 6 x 5 Allocasuarina littoralis Black Sheoak 8 x 5 Banksia integrifolia subsp. integrifolia Coast Banksia 2 x 2 Banksia marginata Silver Banksia 2(10) x 2(5) Bursaria spinosa subsp. spinosa Sweet Bursaria 6 x 3 Eucalyptus obliqua Messmate Stringybark 70 x 35 Eucalyptus ovata var. ovata Swamp Gum 30 x 20 Eucalyptus radiata subsp. radiata Narrow-leaved Peppermint 30 x 20 Eucalyptus viminalis subsp. pryoriana Coast Manna-gum 10 x 6 Eucalyptus viminalis subsp. viminalis Manna Gum 16 x 8 Leptospermum laevigatum Coast Tea-tree 7 x 4 Leptospermum lanigerum Woolly Tea-tree 6 x 3 Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark 9 x 3 Myoporum insulare Common Boobialla 6 x 3 Pomaderris aspera Hazel Pomaderris 12 x 4 Prostanthera lasianthos var. lasianthos Victorian Christmas Bush 8 x 5 Rapanea howittiana Muttonwood 10 x 4 SMALL Acacia longifolia subsp. sophorae Coast Wattle 4 x 5 Acacia paradoxa Hedge Wattle 4 x 5 TREES / Acacia stricta Hop Wattle 5 x 4 LARGE Cassinia aculeata Common Cassinia 4 x 2 Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bush 4 x 1.5 SHRUBS Correa alba var. alba White Correa 2 x 3 Correa reflexa Common Correa 2 x 2 Daviesia latifolia Hop Bitter-pea 3 x 2 Dillwynia cinerascens Grey Parrot-pea 1.5 x 1.5 Epacris impressa Common Heath 1.5 x 0.5 Goodenia ovata Hop Goodenia 2.5 x 3 Gynatrix pulchella Hemp Bush 4 x 3 Hibbertia riparia Erect Guinea-flower 1 x 0.6 Kunzea ericoides h Burgan 5 x 4 Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-tree 4 x 2 Leucopogon parviflorus Coast Beard-heath 4 x 3 Leucopogon virgatus var.
    [Show full text]