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A Revised List of the Japanese Cockroaches of Sanitary Importance (Insecta, Blattaria)

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A Revised List of the Japanese Cockroaches of Sanitary Importance (Insecta, Blattaria) Jap. J. M. Sc. & Biol., 14, 147-156, 1961 A REVISED LIST OF THE JAPANESE COCKROACHES OF SANITARY IMPORTANCE (INSECTA, BLATTARIA) SYOZIRO ASAHINA Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Health, Tokyo (Received : May 12th, 1961) In my tentative check-list (1955) I listed 27 species of the cockroaches recorded from the post-war territory of Japan. There were, however, included a number of misiden- tified or out-of-date names which require an urgent amendment from the view-point of sanitary pest-control work in this country.I n this paper nine species including two new additions to Japanese cockroaches as recognized to be public health pests were enumerated together with comments regarding erroneously recorded non-Japanese species. AcknoƒÖledgement: For the material of the cockroaches I owe very much to my colleagues of various institutions and to other entomologists in this country to whom I express my cordial gratitude. My thanks are also due to Dr. K. Princis, Lund University, for his kind guidance in Blattarian taxonomy. 1. Pycnoscelus surinamensis (Linnð¥) Leucophaea surinamensis Asahina, 1955, p. 200 In our faunal limit this species has been known to occur in the Ryukyus and the Ogasawara Islands (Bonin Islands), but is, in recent years, likely to be extending its range into northern areas. 1 larva Unagi-ike, Kagoshima Pref., 21. X. 1955, leg. Hasegawa 1 •¬ Nishino-omote, Tanegashima, 2. VI. 1960, leg. S. Asahina 1 larva Miyanoura, Yakushima, 2. V. 1954, leg. Y. Kurosawa 1 •¬ 2 •Š larva Naze, Amami-oshima, 31. VII. 1958, leg. S. Ueno 1 •¬ Koniya, Amami-oshima, 11. VII. 1956, coll. I. I. D.* 1 •Š 3 larvae Shinmura, Amami-oshima, 30. III, 3. IV, 18, 19, IV. 1954, leg. R. Ishikawa 3 •¬ Shinmura, Amami-oshima, 8. VII. 1959, leg. S. Asahina 1 •¬ Okinawa, 17. V. 1952, coll. N. I. A. S.** 5 •¬ 2 •¬ Ishigaki-jima, 24-30. IV. 1955, leg. R. Kano 1 •Š Ogasawara, "459 ", " Kuwana ", coll. N. I. A. S. 2 larvae Chichijima, Ogasawara, 24. VI. -4. VII. 1932, leg. E. Asahina 1 •Š Ogasawara, VIII. 1930. * The Institute for Infectious Diseases , Tokyo University. ** National Institute for Agricultural Sciences , Tokyo. 朝 比 奈 正 二 郎(国 立 予 防 衛 生 研 究 所 衛 生 昆 虫 部) 147 148 ASAHINA Vol. 14 2. Nauphoeta cinerea Olivier This is a pest in tropical areas but has not been recorded from Japanese islands . Recently the following two specimens were brought to our laboratory although there is no report of its establishment. 1 •Š Naha, Okinawa, 5. VIII. 1936, coll. T. Okutani 1 •Š Kobe, taken in a British boat, Fultra, 31. X. 1953, leg. M. Hitomi 3. Periplaneta americana Linnð¥ Periplaneta americana Asahina, 1955, p. 201 This seems to be established in the houses in the Ryukyu Islands, the Bonin Islands and Kyushu, the northern extreme reaching Wakayama Prefecture, near Osaka . My material at hand came from the following localities. 1 •Š Yasaki, Shirahama, Wakayama Pref., 15. VII. 1955, leg. S. Ueno 1 larva Shimohirokawa, Fukuoka Pref., 19. V. 1954, leg. Y. Miyake•¬•¬ •Š•Š Takashima, Nagasaki, leg. K. Ogata•¬•¬ •Š•Š Hashima, Nagasaki, leg. K. Ogata 1 larva Ibusuki, Kagoshima Pref., 24. III. 1938, leg. S. Iziri, coll. N. S. M. * 1 •Š Nishino-omote, Tanegashima, 26. V. 1960, leg. S. Asahina 1 •¬ Ambo, Yakushima, 7. VII. 1952, leg. Y. Kurosawa 1 •¬ 1 •Š Yakushima, 17. VI. 1954, leg. Y. Kurosawa 1 larva Takarajima, Tokara Islands, 25. V. -2. VI. 1953, leg. H. Kono, coll. O. M. M. ** 1•¬ China, Okino-erabu, Ryukyu, 31. VIII. 1958, leg. S. Ueno 1 •¬ 2 •Š Ishigakijima, 24. VI. 1955, leg. R. Kano 1 •Š Chichijima, Ogasawara, 23. VI. 1932, leg. E. Asahina 2 •Š Chichijima, Ogasawara, VII. coll. N. I. A. S. This species seems to be rapidly enlarging the northward range being already abundant in the coal mines and adjacent houses near Nagasaki. For discrimination from P. brunnea refer to the note of the latter species. 4. Periplaneta australasiae Fabricius Periplaneta australasiae Asahina, 1955, p. 201 Another tropical pest invading northwards but apparently more susceptible to cold than the previous species. Our specimens at hand are as follows. 1 larva Takara-jima, Tokara Islands, 25. V. -2. VI. 1953, leg. H. Kono, coll. O. M. M. 1 •Š Nakanoshima, Tokara Islands, 3-13. VI. 1953, leg. H. Kono, coll . O. M. M. 1 •¬ 1 •Š Naze, Amami-oshima, 31. VII. 1958, leg. S. Ueno 1 larva Sumiyo, Amami-oshima, 5. IV. 1954, leg. S. Takagi (coll. Hokkaido Univ. ) 1 •Š Shinmura, Amami-oshima, 28. III. 1954, leg. R. Ishikawa 1 •¬ Shinmura, Amami-oshima, 8. VII. 1959, leg. S. Asahina 1 •¬ Koniya, Amami-oshima, 11. VII. 1956, coll. I. I. D. 1 •¬ Naha, Okinawa, 17. V. 1931, leg. S. Asahina 1 •¬ 2 larvae Haneji, Okinawa, 9-12. V. 1931, leg. S. Asahina 1 •Š 2 larvae Ishigaki-jima, 30. VII. 1955, leg. R. Kano * National Science Museum , Tokyo. * * Osaka Municipal Museum . 1961 JAPANESE COCKROACHES 149 3 •¬ 4 •Š Ogasawara-jima, 1931, coll. N. I. A. S. 2 larvae Hahajima, Ogasawara, 30. VI. 1931, leg. E. Asahina Though once encountered in a hospital in Fukuoka, North Kyushu, the northernmost record is Takara-jima, Tokara Islands. 5. Periplaneta brunnea Burmeister Periplaneta brunnea Burmeister, Handb. Ent., 2, part 1, p. 503, 1838 (•¬ •Š: Chile ; Demerara (= British Guinea) ) Syn.: Periplaneta truncata Krauss, Zool. Anz., 15, p. 165 " Teneriff ; Brazil ; New Britain" Periplaneta patens Walker, Cat. Blatt. Brit. Mus. p. 127, 1868 "Congo" Periplaneta concolor Walker, Cat. Blatt. Brit. Mus., p. 135, 1868 This is one of the household pests in the tropical areas of the world, but in our faunal limit had not definitely been recognized until last year when the present author found several specimens in Tanegashima Island, south of Kyushu. Recently Prof. R. Kano, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, has brought alive specimens from Misaki district, Ehime Prefecture, Shikoku. The following specimens are now preserved in our collection. 4 •¬ Misaki, Seto-machi, Ehime Pref., Shikoku, VII. 1960, leg. R. Kano 1 •Š Noma, Tanegashima, 29. V. 1960, leg. S. Asahina 2 •¬ 2 •Š Kogome, China-cho, Okino-erabu-jima, 1. VIII. 1958, leg. S. Ueno 1 •¬ 1 •Š Ambo, Yakushima, 15. VII. 1950, leg. T. Shirozu 1 •¬ Ambo, Yakushima, 7. VII. 1952, leg. Y. Kurosawa 1 •Š Shinmura, Amami-oshima, 8. VII. 1959, leg. S. Asahina 1 •Š Chichijima, Ogasawara, 23. VI. 1932, leg. E. Asahina 1 •¬ Motoike, Chichijima, Ogasawara, 1931, coll. N. I. A. S. 1 •Š Ogasawara, coll. N. I. A. S. The distribution of this species covers the tropical areas of the world : South America (Chile, British Guiana, French Guiana, Trinidad, Brazil, etc. ), Africa (Congo, etc. ), Malaysia (Sumatra, Java, etc. ), Tenerife, New Britain, Burma, South China (Fukien, Yunnan), etc. The adult insects are sometimes distinguished from P. americana with difficulty, especially when the specimens of the latter species became greased. The following points may be of use to separate them : americana brunnea •¬ Cercus longer and sharply attenuated; Cercus normally attenuated ; supra-anal supra-anal plate longer than the plate shorter than the subgenital subgenital plate and developed into a plate. remarkable emarginated roof.•Š Supra-anal plate longer and broadly Supra-anal plate shorter and narrowly divided into two distinct lobes. notched with blunt apices. 6. Periplaneta fuliginosa Serville Periplaneta fuliginosa Asahina, 1955, p. 202; P. picea Asahina, 1955, p. 201; P. enargi- nata Asahina, 1955, p. 202. 150 ASAHINA Vol. 14 Syn.: Periplaneta picea Shiraki, 1906, p. 26 Periplaneta emarginata Karny, 1908, p. 19 (according to Princis, 1951) Periplaneta filchnerae Karny, 1908, p. 19 (according to Princis, 1957) This is a most important domestic pest in the warmer areas of Japan, but the specific name has long been left in a chaotic condition. " P eriplaneta picea Shiraki, 1906" was a homonym with Periplaneta picea Brun- ner v. Wattenvyl, 1858 (=Neostylopyga picea) as already pointed out by Furukawa (1938). Furukawa (1930; 1938, p. 548) also found that the North American P. fuligi- nosa Serville, described in 1839 from Florida, is the same with Japanese species, hence this name should be applied to Japanese representatives. The same fact was repeatedly recognized by Princis (1951), and this author (1951, p. 24) further found that P. emarginata from Japan described by Karny (1908, p. 19) as well as P. filchnerae Karny (1908, p. 18, 19) are also the same species (Princis, 1957, p. 155). I have compared Japanese specimens with American ones which were sent through the kindness of Dr. Hubbell, Ann Arbor, Michigan, and reached the same conclusion. The reason why this species inhabits the very remote area of the world will need further consideration. The following is the known localities in our faunal limit, but this species seems ranidly extending its range toward north, in particular. after the War II. 1 •Š Tokawa-mura, Aomori Pref., 29. IX. 1948, coll. N. I. A. S. 1 •Š Matsumoto, Nagano Pref., V. 1954, leg. S. Fujisawa 1 •¬ 1 •Š Ichikawa, Chiba Pref., IX. 1954 1 larva Obiki-kaigan, Chiba Pref., 24. X. 1947, coll. N. I. A. S. 1 larva Ueno, Tokyo, 18. VI. 1938, leg. H. Uchida 3 •¬ Den-en-chofu, Tokyo, 14. IX. 1955 1 larva Isehara, Kanagawa Pref., 29. XI. 1928 1 •Š Myorenji, Yokohama, 18. X. 1954, leg. T. Ishihara 1 •¬ Oiso, Kanagawa Pref., 6. V. 1941, coll. N. I. A. S. 1 larva Mishima, 8. III. 1930, leg. S. Asahina, (under tree-bark) 1 •¬ Mishima, 13. VIII. 1951, leg. S. Asahina 1 •¬ Yui, Shizuoka Pref., X. 1958 1 •¬ Sasayama, Hyogo Pref., 4. XI. 1952, leg. K. Iwata 1 •¬ Himeji, 17. VIII. 1948, coll.
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