DOCSLIB.ORG

Constraints Analysis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Constraints Analysis Constraints Analysis May 2017 Purpose of study .......................................................................................................................... 3 Scope of study ............................................................................................................................. 3 Section 1: Nature Conservation: European Sites and SSSIs ........................................................ 4 Section 2: Green Belt ................................................................................................................. 21 Section 3: Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty .......................................................................... 28 Section 5: Locations at Risk of Flooding ..................................................................................... 40 Section 6: Common Land and Inalienable Land ......................................................................... 47 Section 7: Noise ......................................................................................................................... 50 Section 8: Air Quality .................................................................................................................. 55 Section 9: Transport ................................................................................................................... 56 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................... 60 2 Purpose of study 1. The Constraints Analysis is part of a suite of evidence documents which will inform the preparation of a Local Plan for Mole Valley, for the period 2018-2033. The purpose of this study is to identify at an early stage of the plan-making process those significant strategic- level constraints which will have the biggest influence on MVDC’s strategic approach to planning for objectively assessed needs. 2. This analysis will inform the plan-making process, in line with the principles set out in paragraph 14 of the NPPF, which states: Local planning authorities should positively seek opportunities to meet the development needs of their area; Local Plans should meet objectively assessed needs, with sufficient flexibility to adapt to rapid change, unless: Any adverse impacts of doing so would significantly and demonstrably outweigh the benefits, when assessed against the policies in this Framework taken as a whole; or specific policies in this Framework indicate development should be restricted.” (emphasis added) 3. A footnote to NPPF paragraph 14 lists examples of specific policies which indicate that development should be restricted. Those which are applicable to Mole Valley are listed in paragraph 6, below. 4. As Local Plan preparation progresses, the Constraints Analysis will be further refined as required to inform the selection of a preferred strategic framework for development. 5. The conclusions of the study will also inform discussions with other LPAs under the Duty to Cooperate, which requires MVDC to explore cross-boundary options for meeting the District’s objectively assessed needs in full. Scope of study 6. The starting point of the study is to examine those constraints which are identified in the footnote to NPPF paragraph 14. These are examples of the “specific policies” which para 14 states “indicate development should be restricted”. Of those listed, the following are found within Mole Valley: Sites protected under the Birds and Habitats Directives and/or designated as Sites of Special Scientific Interest; Land designated as Green Belt; Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty; Designated heritage assets; Locations at risk of flooding. 7. In addition to the above, the study examines the following constraints which it is considered are of sufficiently wide-ranging influence that they could have an impact on strategic options for development: Areas of Inalienable Land – i.e. Common Land and inalienable land controlled by the National Trust Noise, focussing on road noise within the M25 corridor and aircraft noise Air Quality Transport and Accessibility 3 8. The study will examine each of the above constraints and define the extent to which they impact on MVDC’s ability to plan for a level of development that meets objectively assessed needs. Section 1: Nature Conservation: European Sites and SSSIs 9. This section of the Constraints Analysis considers the extent to which land designated for its nature conservation importance acts as a strategic constraint on development. The need to avoid significant effects on European Sites is considered first, focussing on the Mole Gap to Reigate Escarpment Special Area of Conservation, much of which lies within the District, and the Thames Basin Heaths Special Protection Area, which lies to the west and south. 10. The analysis then turns to other designated sites, notably SSSIs, which are specifically mentioned in NPPF paragraph 14. It also identifies certain other local designations which cover a large enough extent of land that they are considered likely to impact on strategic options. European Sites 11. The European Habitats Directive sets out the means to protect habitats and species of European importance through the establishment and conservation of a network of sites known as ‘Natura 2000’. Natura 2000 sites are Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) designated under the Habitats Directive and Special Protection Areas (SPAs) designated under the Birds Directive. 12. As part of the Local Plan preparation process, MVDC will undertake a Habitats Regulations Assessment to identify the implications of the plan on Natura 2000 sites either individually or in combination with other plans or projects. This is in line with the requirements of the Habitats Regulations. 13. This section identifies key issues which are likely to arise in relation to Natura 2000 sites, which may affect the shaping of strategic options. It draws on published Appropriate Assessments and other relevant studies relating to the Natura 2000 sites most likely to be a consideration for Mole Valley’s Local Plan, including: MVDC Core Strategy Appropriate Assessment 2008 Published Habitats Regulation Assessments for Reigate and Banstead Borough Council’s Core Strategy (2012) and Development management Plan (Draft, 2014) Thames Basin Heaths SPA Delivery Framework 14. As Local Plan preparation progresses, these issues will be addressed in more detail through the Habitats Regulation Assessment (HRA) process, in collaboration with Natural England, in order to ensure that an appropriate policy framework is incorporated in the Local Plan. 15. The HRA will consider the implications of the Local Plan for all Natura 2000 sites within a 10km radius. However, based on information currently available, it is anticipated that the key considerations will relate to the following two sites: Mole Gap to Reigate Escarpment Special Area of Conservation (SAC) Thames Basin Heaths Special Protection Area (SPA) 4 Mole Gap to Reigate Escarpment SAC 16. The SAC stretches for eight miles between Leatherhead and Reigate, taking in significant areas of Norbury Park, Box Hill and Headley Heath (see map 1, overleaf). 17. The area within the SAC is characterised by a mosaic of chalk downland habitats, ranging from open chalk grassland to scrub and various types of semi-natural woodland on the scarp and dip slopes of the North Downs. 18. One of its most important features is the stand of Box scrub which is unique in the UK. This occurs on steep chalk slopes, where the River Mole has cut into the North Downs escarpment. Natural erosion maintains the open conditions required for the survival of this habitat. 19. There are also large but fragmented areas of nationally significant calcareous grassland, which support an important assemblage of orchid species. Also nationally significant are the stands of Beech and Yew dominated woodland. 20. The site also supports a significant area of dry heathland and acid grassland at Headley Heath. Further species interest includes Great Crested Newt and Bechstein’s Bat 5 Map 1: Special Area of Conservation 6 21. Based on MVDC’s current information, the key potential impacts on the SAC are understood to be: Potential impact on habitat due to increased recreational usage; Potential impact on habitat due to maintenance (and risk of cessation) of grazing; Potential impact on habitat due to increased air pollution; Potential disturbance to roosting populations of Bechstein bats, a European Protected Species. 22. Of the above, the extent to which additional housing to meet forecast population growth will lead to increased recreational use – and what impact that would have on the SAC - is a key consideration in formulating strategic options for Mole Valley’s Local Plan. This will be a key focus for the HRA process. 23. Previous HRAs have indicated that the residual level of growth planned for within the 2009 Core Strategy would not have a significant adverse impact on the SAC, but that there may be a need for mitigation measures. Where these arise, they are likely to focus on visitor management measures. The SAC is under active management by a variety of bodies, including the National Trust, Surrey County Council. Surrey Wildlife Trust, Natural England and the Surrey Hills AONB Management Board. There will be a need to ensure that the HRA process includes close consultation with these agencies, drawing on their expertise about the impact of recreational use and visitor management measures which are
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bookhams Bulletin Quarterly Journal of the Bookham Community Association DISTRICT & LEATHERHEAD LOCAL HISTORY SOCIETY
    The Bookhams Bulletin Quarterly Journal of the Bookham Community Association DISTRICT & LEATHERHEAD LOCAL HISTORY SOCIETY No. 134 Dec. 1967 34th Year Office Hours: 9 a an. - 6 p.m. BOOKHAM Tel.: Bookham 2207/8/9, Leathcrhead 4101/2 PET SHOP BARDOLIN HOUSE PORTER & SMART CHURCH ROAD SURVEYORS, AUCTIONEERS, HOUSE, GREAT BOOKHAM Tel. BOOKHAM 4928 LAND AND ESTATE AGENTS Valuation for Probate and all purposes. Pets Always Available Experts with local knowledge in dealing with all forms of MEALWORMS & GENTLES TROPICAL & Property in Bookham and surrounding District. COLD WATER FISH POTS & BEDDING PLANTS • 7 NORTH STREET, LEATHERHEAD Pets’ Health and Hygiene CORNER HOUSE, OPPOSITE CHURCH ROAD, Assured GREAT BOOKHAM, SURREY THE COMMUNITY ASSOCIATION WHICH PUBLISHES THIS JOURNAL FREE OF CHARGE WOULD VALUE YOUR SUPPORT Annual Membership Subscription 2/6 Apply: MRS. B. OLDERSHAW, 99 LITTLE BOOKHAM STREET, BOOKHAM 2241 Skill-Fashion-Technique Take . a well trained staff, a superb salon, the latest hairdressing equipment and a flair for service. Add fashion knowledge and a dash of ingenuity. —it all adds up to . GERALD HAIR STYLIST 5a HIGH STREET :: BOOKHAM Tel. 2526 t VWVWWVVWVVlA«WVVWtfVWV>A H. R. RICHMOND LTD. M. A. PERRY DRAPER MOTOR COACHES * * 37 SOUTH STREET Noted for Baby Linen EPSOM Hosiery — Lingerie Phone: 25252 Departures from the Crown Hotel: Stockists for Ballito & Cook’s of St. Paul’s Three-Day Inclusive Coach Tours and Templeton’s, Ladyship and Express Services to the South Coast P.B. Wools Day and Afternoon Tours of Interest * * Private Hire for all Occasions (12, 29, 37, 41,45 & 52-Seater Coaches) HIGH STREET * Local Aents: BOOKHAM MARSH, NEWSAGENT, LOWER RD.
    [Show full text]
  • Domewood and Dormansland
    Tandridge DC Site-Based Ecology Assessments Site Ref DOM 011 Site Name Forge Farm Nurseries Area (ha) 1.06 Grid Ref TQ354417 Possible Uses Mixed; Gypsy & Settlement Domewood (from HELAA/ENA) Traveller Section 1: Desk Study Statutory There are no SSSI, NNR or LNR within the site area or the 1km search Designations area. There is however Hedgecourt SSSI located south approx. 1.3km (1km radius) outside the search area and general connectivity would be considered good. There are two areas of TPOs south east, south and south west of the site. Non-Statutory There are no SNCIs within the site area or the search area. Designations (1km) pSNCIs Domewood Meadows and Bakers Wood are situated 150m south of the site with good connectivity. The Plantation is situated 1km north of the site. Priority Habitats There is a small amount of ancient woodland within the 250m search (on site and 250m area south of the site, this connects to a much larger area of ancient radius) woodland outside the search area. The site consists of hedgerows and arable fields. To the south of the site approx. 150m is a series of water bodies. Protected &/or Small Watervole 1km south The connectivity would be Priority Species on mammals considered good as there Site (1km) are a number of waterways connecting to the site. European 1.2 km south The connectivity would be otter east considered good as there are a number of waterways connecting to the site. Otters are known to have very large territories which cover multiple kilometres. Biodiversity The BOA Eden (plus tributaries) is located south of the site.
    [Show full text]
  • Frensham Parish Council
    Frensham Parish Council Village Design Statement Contents 1. What is a VDS? 2. Introduction & History 3. Open Spaces & Landscape 4. Buildings – Style & Detail 5. Highways & Byways 6. Sports & rural Pursuits Summary Guidelines & Action Points Double page spread of parish map in the centre of document Appendix: Listed Buildings & Artefacts in Parish 1 What is a Village Design Statement? A Village Design Statement (VDS) highlights the qualities, style, building materials, characteristics and landscape setting of a parish, which are valued by its residents. The background, advice and guidelines given herein should be taken into account by developers, builders and residents before considering development. The development policies for the Frensham Parish area are the “saved Policies” derived from Waverley Borough Council’s Local Plan 2002, (which has now been superseded. It is proposed that the Frensham VDS should be Supplementary Planning Guidance, related to Saved Policy D4 ‘Design and Layout’. Over recent years the Parish Council Planning Committee, seeing very many applications relating to our special area, came to the conclusion that our area has individual and special aspirations that we wish to see incorporated into the planning system. Hopefully this will make the Parish’s aspirations clearer to those submitting applications to the Borough Council and give clear policy guidance. This document cannot be exhaustive but we hope that we have included sufficient detail to indicate what we would like to conserve in our village, and how we would like to see it develop. This VDS is a ‘snapshot’ reflecting the Parish’s views and situation in2008, and may need to be reviewed in the future in line with changing local needs, and new Waverley, regional and national plans and policies.
    [Show full text]
  • Oaktree Cottage, Little Bookham Common, Surrey KT23 3HX
    Oaktree Cottage, Little Bookham Common, Bookham, Surrey KT23 3HX £2995 PCM Oaktree Cottage, Little Bookham Common, Surrey KT23 3HX Available early March/short lets considered 1/3 of an acre plot Thatched cottage in rural setting Direct access on to Bookham Common Open plan kitchen/dining room Within one mile of Bookham Station 43 High Street, Drawing room and study Short drive to local schools Great Bookham Four bedroom Easy access top the M25 for Gatwick and Heathrow Surrey KT23 4AD Tel: 01372 452208 Two bathrooms International Airports [email protected] Detached four car garage www.patrickgardner.com The Property Situation The neighbouring village of Great Bookham has a Thatched entrance, front door leading to: Entrance Hall: With open understairs area and double coat wide selection of shops and cafes while the cupboard. Living Room 15” 6 x 13” 2 : With brick fireplace, cast iron log stove, fitted cupboards and larger towns of Leatherhead and Guildford are 3 shelves in recess. Study 12”9 x 8” 10 : With feature tiled fireplace and exposed ceiling beam. Dining miles away and 10 miles away respectively. Room 16”4 x 11” 4 : Double aspect with tiled fireplace, exposed ceiling beams and timber opening to; The village offers a wide range of shops and Kitchen/Breakfast Room 20”7 x 7”6 : Fully fitted with a range of cream units with wrought iron handles amenities including two bakers, two butchers, a and black granite worktops, dishwasher, double oven, ceramic hob with stainless steel extractor over, fishmongers, greengrocers, post office, two small American-style fridge freezer, breakfast bar, oak flooring.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Brochure
    WELCOME to BROADOAKS PAR K — Inspirational homes for An exclusive development of luxurious Built by Ernest Seth-Smith, the striking aspirational lifestyles homes by award winning housebuilders Broadoaks Manor will create the Octagon Developments, Broadoaks Park centrepiece of Broadoaks Park. offers the best of countryside living in Descending from a long-distinguished the heart of West Byfleet, coupled with line of Scottish architects responsible for excellent connections into London. building large areas of Belgravia, from Spread across 25 acres, the gated parkland Eaton Square to Wilton Crescent, Seth-Smith estate offers a mixture of stunning homes designed the mansion and grounds as the ranging from new build 2 bedroom ultimate country retreat. The surrounding apartments and 3 - 6 bedroom houses, lodges and summer houses were added to beautifully restored and converted later over the following 40 years, adding apartments and a mansion house. further gravitas and character to the site. Surrey LIVING at its BEST — Painshill Park, Cobham 18th-century landscaped garden with follies, grottoes, waterwheel and vineyard, plus tearoom. Experience the best of Surrey living at Providing all the necessities, a Waitrose Retail therapy Broadoaks Park, with an excellent range of is located in the village centre, and Guildford’s cobbled High Street is brimming with department stores restaurants, parks and shopping experiences for a wider selection of shops, Woking and and independent boutiques alike, on your doorstep. Guildford town centres are a short drive away. offering one of the best shopping experiences in Surrey. Home to artisan bakeries, fine dining restaurants Opportunities to explore the outdoors are and cosy pubs, West Byfleet offers plenty plentiful, with the idyllic waterways of the of dining with options for all occasions.
    [Show full text]
  • Boating on Sussex Rivers
    K1&A - Soo U n <zj r \ I A t 1" BOATING ON SUSSEX RIVERS NRA National Rivers Authority Southern Region Guardians of the Water Environment BOATING ON SUSSEX RIVERS Intro duction NRA The Sussex Rivers have a unique appeal, with their wide valleys giving spectacular views of Chalk Downs within sight and smell of the sea. There is no better way to enjoy their natural beauty and charm than by boat. A short voyage inland can reveal some of the most attractive and unspoilt scenery in the Country. The long tidal sections, created over the centuries by flashy Wealden Rivers carving through the soft coastal chalk, give public rights of navigation well into the heartland of Sussex. From Rye in the Eastern part of the County, small boats can navigate up the River Rother to Bodiam with its magnificent castle just 16 miles from the sea. On the River Arun, in an even shorter distance from Littlehampton Harbour, lies the historic city of Arundel in the heart of the Duke of Norfolk’s estate. But for those with more energetic tastes, Sussex rivers also have plenty to offer. Increased activity by canoeists, especially by Scouting and other youth organisations has led to the setting up of regular canoe races on the County’s rivers in recent years. CARING FOR OUR WATERWAYS The National Rivers Authority welcomes all river users and seeks their support in preserving the tranquillity and charm of the Sussex rivers. This booklet aims to help everyone to enjoy their leisure activities in safety and to foster good relations and a spirit of understanding between river users.
    [Show full text]
  • Su103 Box Hill from Westhumble
    0 Miles 1 2 su103 Box Hill from Westhumble 0 Kilometres 1 2 3 The Burford Bridge roundabout is on the The walk shown is for guidance only and should With thanks to Dean Woodrow A24 between Dorking and Leatherhead not be attempted without suitable maps. Details 3 Go W (right) up the road for 200m and then 5 Go NW (left) across the grass to reach a SE on a signed path that descends through a road and then W (left) on the road to go N Distance: 11km (7 miles) field, a wood and a 2nd field to reach a road. pass the car park and NT Shop. At a '1.5T' Total Ascent: 340m (1115ft) Go E (left) on the road past the remains of road sign go NW (left) past Box Hill Fort to Time: 31/2 hrs Grade: 4 Westhumble Chapel to reach a crossroads. Go descend a bridleway to a fork. Go NW (left) to Maps: OS Landranger® 187 SE on Adlers Lane and continue SE at a join a 2nd path that descends across the or OS Explorer Map™ 146 junction. At a crossing path go S (right) on a grass. After 200m fork (W) left on a faint path Start/Finish: Burford Bridge Car Park footpath (signed 'Dorking') to reach a 2nd to descend more steeply. Continue through a A24 S of Mickleham, Surrey crossing path - The North Downs Way (NDW). small wood to reach a road opposite the car 1 Grid Ref: TQ172521 (1 /2 km) park and the start. (2km) Sat Nav: N51.2560 W0.3227 4 Go E (left) on the NDW to pass under the railway and then cross the A24.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ultra Participant Information Pack
    www.surreyhillschallenge.co.uk THE ULTRA PARTICIPANT INFORMATION PACK 23/09/2018 INTRODUCTION www.surreyhillschallenge.co.uk Welcome We are delighted to welcome you to the Surrey Hills Challenge on Sunday 23rd September 2018. You have entered the Ultra, our 60km off road running challenge. The point to point route is from Haslemere to Dorking along the Greensand Way with a 12 hour cut off period. The postcode to find the start is GU27 2AS, and there will be yellow directional signage to help you find us. Parking is free on Sundays and there are a number of car parks to choose from. In the main centre of Haslemere, you can park at the High Street pay and display car park or at the Chestnut Avenue pay and display car park (better for longer periods). If you want to park close to the train station, or park for a long period of time during the day, Tanners Lane and Weydown Road pay and display car parks are close to the station. Itinerary Time Activity 05:30 Doors open at Haslemere Hall, Bridge Rd, Haslemere GU27 2AS 2AS 06:00 Registration opens • Runner registration and bib collection • Finish Line Bag deposit open 06:40 Race brief 06:50 100m walk to start line 07:00 Start of Ultra 19:00 Cut off and race finish at Denbies Wine Estate (London Road, Dorking RH5 6AA) Route Conditions The route mainly follows the Greensand Way, which originates in Haslemere and continues east to Kent. It’s marked with official ‘GW’ and ‘Greensand Way’ signs and will also be marked up by our team with approximately 200 directional fluorescent signs.
    [Show full text]
  • The Serpent Trail 2 the SERPENT TRAIL GUIDE the SERPENT TRAIL GUIDE 3
    The Serpent Trail 2 THE SERPENT TRAIL GUIDE THE SERPENT TRAIL GUIDE 3 Contents THE SERPENT TRAIL The Serpent Trail ...........................................3 6. Henley to Petworth, via Bexleyhill, Explore the heathlands of the South Downs National Park by Wildlife ..........................................................4 River Common and Upperton ............. 22 Heathland timeline .......................................8 7. Petworth to Fittleworth ........................ 24 following the 65 mile/106 km long Serpent Trail. Heathland Today ........................................ 10 8. Hesworth Common, Lord’s Piece and Discover this beautiful and internationally The name of the Trail reflects the serpentine Burton Park ........................................... 26 Heathland Stories Through Sculpture ....... 10 rare lowland heath habitat, 80% of which shape of the route. Starting with the serpent’s 9. Duncton Common to Cocking has been lost since the early 1800s, often head and tongue in Haslemere and Black 1. Black Down to Marley Common ......... 12 Causeway ............................................. 28 through neglect and tree planting on Down, the ‘body’ turns west, east and west 2. Marley Common through Lynchmere 10. Midhurst, Stedham and Iping previously open areas. Designed to highlight again along the greensand ridges. The Trail and Stanley Commons to Iron Hill ...... 14 Commons ............................................. 30 the outstanding landscape of the greensand ‘snakes’ by Liphook, Milland, Fernhurst, 3. From Shufflesheeps to Combe Hill hills, their wildlife, history and conservation, Petworth, Fittleworth, Duncton, Heyshott, 11. Nyewood to Petersfield ....................... 32 via Chapel Common ............................ 16 the Serpent Trail passes through the purple Midhurst, Stedham and Nyewood to finally Heathlands Reunited Partnership .............. 34 4. Combe Hill, Tullecombe, through heather, green woods and golden valleys of reach the serpent’s ‘tail’ at Petersfield in Rondle Wood to Borden Lane ...........
    [Show full text]
  • Some Problems of the North Downs Trackway in Kent
    http://kentarchaeology.org.uk/research/archaeologia-cantiana/ Kent Archaeological Society is a registered charity number 223382 © 2017 Kent Archaeological Society SOME PROBLEMS OF THE NORTH DOWNS TRACKWAY IN KENT By REV. H. W. R. Liman, S.J., M.A.(0xon.) THE importance of this pre-historic route from the Continent to the ancient habitat of man in Wiltshire has long been recognized. In the Surrey Archceological Collections of 1964 will be found an attempted re-appraisal of its route through the county of Surrey. Although the problems connected with its passage through Kent are fewer owing to its being better preserved, there are some points which I think still deserve attention—the three river crossings of the Darenth, the Medway and the Stour; the crossing of the Elham valley; and the passage to Canterbury of the branch route from Eastwell Park, known as the Pilgrims' Way. It may be worth while, before dealing with the actual crossings, to note a few general characteristics. Mr. I. D. Margary—our most eminent authority on ancient roads in Britain—has pointed out the dual nature of this trackway. It com- prises a Ridgeway and a Terraceway. The first runs along the crest of the escarpment. The second runs parallel to it, usually at the point below the escarpment where the slope flattens out into cultivation. In Kent for the most part the Terraceway has survived more effectually than the Ridgeway. It is for much of its length used as a modern road, marked by the familiar sign 'Pilgrims' Way'. Except at its eastern terminus the Ridgeway has not been so lucky, although it can be traced fairly accurately by those who take the trouble to do so.
    [Show full text]
  • Surrey Hills Aonb Areas of Search
    CONFIDENTIAL SURREY COUNTY COUNCIL LCA PHASE 2 SURREY HILLS AONB AREAS OF SEARCH NATURAL BEAUTY EVALUATION by Hankinson Duckett Associates HDA ref: 595.1 October 2013 hankinson duckett associates t 01491 838175 f 01491 838997 e [email protected] w www.hda-enviro.co.uk The Stables, Howbery Park, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BA Hankinson Duckett Associates Limited Registered in England & Wales 3462810 Registered Office: The Stables, Howbery Park, Benson Lane, Wallingford, OX10 8BA CONTENTS Page 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1 2 Assessment Background ............................................................................................................. 1 Table 1: LCA Landscape Types and Character Areas ...................................................................................... 2 3 Methodology ................................................................................................................................. 5 4 Guidance ....................................................................................................................................... 6 Table 2: Natural England Guidance Factors and Sub-factors ........................................................................... 6 4.5 Application of the Guidance ............................................................................................................................. 10 5 The Surrey Hills Landscape
    [Show full text]
  • North Downs East North Downs East
    Cheriton Shepway Ward Profile May 2015 North Downs East North Downs East -2- North Downs East Brief introduction to area ..............................................................................4 Map of area ......................................................................................................5 Demographic ...................................................................................................6 Local economy ................................................................................................9 Transport .......................................................................................................13 Education and skills .................................................................................... 14 Health & wellbeing .......................................................................................16 Housing ..........................................................................................................21 Neighbourhood/community ......................................................................23 Planning & Development ...........................................................................24 Physical Assets .............................................................................................25 Arts and culture .......................................................................................... 29 Crime ........................................................................................................... 30 Endnotes/websites .......................................................................................31
    [Show full text]