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Southwest Guangdong, 28 April to 7 May 1998
Report of Rapid Biodiversity Assessments at Qixingkeng Nature Reserve, Southwest Guangdong, 29 April to 1 May and 24 November to 1 December, 1998 Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden in collaboration with Guangdong Provincial Forestry Department South China Institute of Botany South China Agricultural University South China Normal University Xinyang Teachers’ College January 2002 South China Biodiversity Survey Report Series: No. 4 (Online Simplified Version) Report of Rapid Biodiversity Assessments at Qixingkeng Nature Reserve, Southwest Guangdong, 29 April to 1 May and 24 November to 1 December, 1998 Editors John R. Fellowes, Michael W.N. Lau, Billy C.H. Hau, Ng Sai-Chit and Bosco P.L. Chan Contributors Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden: Bosco P.L. Chan (BC) Lawrence K.C. Chau (LC) John R. Fellowes (JRF) Billy C.H. Hau (BH) Michael W.N. Lau (ML) Lee Kwok Shing (LKS) Ng Sai-Chit (NSC) Graham T. Reels (GTR) Gloria L.P. Siu (GS) South China Institute of Botany: Chen Binghui (CBH) Deng Yunfei (DYF) Wang Ruijiang (WRJ) South China Agricultural University: Xiao Mianyuan (XMY) South China Normal University: Chen Xianglin (CXL) Li Zhenchang (LZC) Xinyang Teachers’ College: Li Hongjing (LHJ) Voluntary consultants: Guillaume de Rougemont (GDR) Keith Wilson (KW) Background The present report details the findings of two field trips in Southwest Guangdong by members of Kadoorie Farm & Botanic Garden (KFBG) in Hong Kong and their colleagues, as part of KFBG's South China Biodiversity Conservation Programme. The overall aim of the programme is to minimise the loss of forest biodiversity in the region, and the emphasis in the first three years is on gathering up-to-date information on the distribution and status of fauna and flora. -
Evolution, Dynamic Expression Changes and Regulatory Characteristics of Gene Families Involved in the Glycerophosphate Pathway O
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Evolution, dynamic expression changes and regulatory characteristics of gene families Received: 2 October 2018 Accepted: 14 August 2019 involved in the glycerophosphate Published: xx xx xxxx pathway of triglyceride synthesis in chicken (Gallus gallus) Liyu Yang1, Ziming Liu1, Kepeng Ou2, Taian Wang1, Zhuanjian Li1,3,4, Yadong Tian1,3,4, Yanbin Wang1,3,4, Xiangtao Kang1,3,4, Hong Li1,3,4 & Xiaojun Liu1,3,4 It is well documented that four gene families, including the glycerophosphate acyltransferases (GPATs), acylglycerophosphate acyltransferases (AGPATs), lipid phosphate phosphohydrolases (LPINs) and diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGATs), are involved in the glycerophosphate pathway of de novo triglyceride (TG) biosynthesis in mammals. However, no systematic analysis has been conducted to characterize the gene families in poultry. In this study, the sequences of gene family members in the glycerophosphate pathway were obtained by screening the public databases. The phylogenetic tree, gene structures and conserved motifs of the corresponding proteins were evaluated. Dynamic expression changes of the genes at diferent developmental stages were analyzed by qRT-PCR. The regulatory characteristics of the genes were analyzed by in vivo experiments. The results showed that the GPAT, AGPAT and LPIN gene families have 2, 7 and 2 members, respectively, and they were classifed into 2, 4 and 2 cluster respectively based on phylogenetic analysis. All of the genes except AGPAT1 were extensively expressed in various tissues. Estrogen induction upregulated the expression of GPAM and AGPAT2, downregulated the expression of AGPAT3, AGPAT9, LPIN1 and LPIN2, and had no efect on the expression of the other genes. These fndings provide a valuable resource for further investigation of lipid metabolism in liver of chicken. -
Distinguishing Pleiotropy from Linked QTL Between Milk Production Traits
Cai et al. Genet Sel Evol (2020) 52:19 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12711-020-00538-6 Genetics Selection Evolution RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Distinguishing pleiotropy from linked QTL between milk production traits and mastitis resistance in Nordic Holstein cattle Zexi Cai1*†, Magdalena Dusza2†, Bernt Guldbrandtsen1, Mogens Sandø Lund1 and Goutam Sahana1 Abstract Background: Production and health traits are central in cattle breeding. Advances in next-generation sequencing technologies and genotype imputation have increased the resolution of gene mapping based on genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Thus, numerous candidate genes that afect milk yield, milk composition, and mastitis resistance in dairy cattle are reported in the literature. Efect-bearing variants often afect multiple traits. Because the detection of overlapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) regions from single-trait GWAS is too inaccurate and subjective, multi-trait analysis is a better approach to detect pleiotropic efects of variants in candidate genes. However, large sample sizes are required to achieve sufcient power. Multi-trait meta-analysis is one approach to deal with this prob- lem. Thus, we performed two multi-trait meta-analyses, one for three milk production traits (milk yield, protein yield and fat yield), and one for milk yield and mastitis resistance. Results: For highly correlated traits, the power to detect pleiotropy was increased by multi-trait meta-analysis com- pared with the subjective assessment of overlapping of single-trait QTL confdence intervals. Pleiotropic efects of lead single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were detected from the multi-trait meta-analysis were confrmed by bivariate association analysis. The previously reported pleiotropic efects of variants within the DGAT1 and MGST1 genes on three milk production traits, and pleiotropic efects of variants in GHR on milk yield and fat yield were con- frmed. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Early Signaling in Plant
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Early Signaling in plant immunity A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Biology by Tenai E. Eguen Committee in charge: Professor Steven Briggs, Chair Professor Marty Yanofsky, Co-Chair Professor Tracy Johnson Professor Bernhard Palsson Professor Yunde Zhao 2013 Copyright Tenai E. Eguen, 2013 All rights reserved The Dissertation of Tenai E. Eguen is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: _______________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Chair University of California, San Diego 2013 iii DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to all my friends and family who were supportive during my graduate studies. It is also dedicated to all the students, colleagues and my committee members who contributed to the success of this research. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page ................................................................................................................................ iii Dedication ....................................................................................................................................... iv Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................ -
Holly - Ilex Sp
Holly - Ilex sp. General Information: Available in both evergreen and deciduous species, holly is grown for its toothed glossy green leaves and its showy berries, which are red in most popular varieties, but can also be a showy yellow. Holly can range from under one foot to over 80, and is found in both temperate and tropical regions. Both male and female plants are needed for fruiting. Family: Aquifoliaceae Lighting: Can tolerate both sun and shade, although semi-shade is preferable in midsummer. Increased light tends to produce dense foliage. Temperature: In general, evergreen varieties are hardy to zone 7, deciduous varieties to zone 5. Most varieties will require some frost protection, and all varieties should be sheltered from strong or cold winds. Watering: Needs a fair amount of water, especially before fruit production. Holly can be badly damaged by draught. Reduce watering in winter. Likes misting, unless it is in full sun. Feeding: Every two weeks during growth, using half strength liquid plant food, or bonsai food. Pruning and wiring: Cut back new shoots to the one or two nodes closest to the trunk. Branches can be very brittle, so shaping is best done by pruning rather than wiring. If wiring must be done, it is best to wire in spring- summer, taking care to protect the bark. Leaf pruning to reduce leaf size is possible. Suitable for all sizes and styles, although the evergreen varieties do not take as well to broom style. Ilex asprella has a tendency towards horzontal growth which must be compensated for; Ilex vomitoria, on the other hand, has a strong inclination to grow upwards. -
Evaluation of Endogenous Allergens for the Safety Evaluation of Genetically Engineered Food Crops
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications in Food Science and Food Science and Technology Department Technology 2013 Evaluation of Endogenous Allergens for the Safety Evaluation of Genetically Engineered Food Crops: Review of Potential Risks, Test Methods, Examples and Relevance Richard E. Goodman University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Rakhi Panda University of Nebraska-Lincoln Harsha Ariyarathna University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/foodsciefacpub Part of the Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering Commons, Food Biotechnology Commons, and the Other Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons Goodman, Richard E.; Panda, Rakhi; and Ariyarathna, Harsha, "Evaluation of Endogenous Allergens for the Safety Evaluation of Genetically Engineered Food Crops: Review of Potential Risks, Test Methods, Examples and Relevance" (2013). Faculty Publications in Food Science and Technology. 149. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/foodsciefacpub/149 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Food Science and Technology Department at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications in Food Science and Technology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Reproduced here under the terms of the ACS AuthorChoice usage agreement. Article pubs.acs.org/JAFC Terms of Use Evaluation of Endogenous Allergens for -
Comparative Analysis and Phylogenetic Investigation of Hong
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Comparative analysis and phylogenetic investigation of Hong Kong Ilex chloroplast genomes Bobby Lim‑Ho Kong1,3, Hyun‑Seung Park2, Tai‑Wai David Lau1,3, Zhixiu Lin4, Tae‑Jin Yang2 & Pang‑Chui Shaw1,3* Ilex is a monogeneric plant group (containing approximately 600 species) in the Aquifoliaceae family and one of the most commonly used medicinal herbs. However, its taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships at the species level are debatable. Herein, we obtained the complete chloroplast genomes of all 19 Ilex types that are native to Hong Kong. The genomes are conserved in structure, gene content and arrangement. The chloroplast genomes range in size from 157,119 bp in Ilex gracilifora to 158,020 bp in Ilex kwangtungensis. All these genomes contain 125 genes, of which 88 are protein‑coding and 37 are tRNA genes. Four highly varied sequences (rps16-trnQ, rpl32-trnL, ndhD-psaC and ycf1) were found. The number of repeats in the Ilex genomes is mostly conserved, but the number of repeating motifs varies. The phylogenetic relationship among the 19 Ilex genomes, together with eight other available genomes in other studies, was investigated. Most of the species could be correctly assigned to the section or even series level, consistent with previous taxonomy, except Ilex rotunda var. microcarpa, Ilex asprella var. tapuensis and Ilex chapaensis. These species were reclassifed; I. rotunda was placed in the section Micrococca, while the other two were grouped with the section Pseudoaquifolium. These studies provide a better understanding of Ilex phylogeny and refne its classifcation. Ilex, a monogeneric plant group in the family Aquifoliaceae, is a widespread genus. -
AQUIFOLIACEAE 1. ILEX Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 125. 1753
AQUIFOLIACEAE 冬青科 dong qing ke Chen Shukun (陈书坤)1, Ma Haiying (马海英)2, Feng Yuxing (俸宇星)3; Gabrielle Barriera4, Pierre-André Loizeau4 Trees or shrubs, evergreen or deciduous. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite; leaf blade leathery, papery, or membranous, margin entire, serrate, or spinose; stipules minute, persistent or caducous, scar callose; petiole present, rarely absent. Inflorescence a cyme usually of order 1, 2, or 3(–5), respectively composed of a maximum of 1, 3, or 7(–31) developed flowers, axillary, solitary on current year’s branchlets or fasciculate on second year’s branchlets. Plants dioecious. Flowers hypogynous, regular, small, unisexual, by stamens or ovary abortive, 4–6(–23)-merous; calyx persistent; corolla often white or cream, rarely green, yellow, pink, or red; petals imbricate, mostly connate at base up to half of their length. Male flowers: calyx 4–8-lobed; petals 4–8; stamens isomerous, alternating with petals, epipetalous; anthers oblong-ovoid, introrse, longitudinally dehiscent; rudimentary ovary subglobose or pulvinate, rostrate. Female flowers: calyx 4–8-lobed; petals 4–8; staminodes sagittate or cordate, isomerous, alternating with petals, epipetalous; ovary superior, ovoid, 4–8(–10)-loculed, rarely pubescent; style rarely developed; stigma capitate, discoid, or columnar. Fruit a drupe, red, brown, or black (or green in Ilex chapaensis), usually globose; exocarp membranous or papery; mesocarp fleshy. Pyrenes (1–)4–6(–23); endocarp smooth, leathery, woody, or stony, striate, striate-sulcate, or rugose, and/or pitted. One genus and 500–600 species: tropical and subtropical to temperate regions of both the N and S Hemispheres, mainly in the tropical regions of Central and South America and Asia; 204 species (149 endemic) in China, distributed in regions south of the Chang Jiang and Qinling Mountains, mainly in S and SW China. -
Case 6:17-Cv-01210 Document 1 Filed 08/18/17 Page 1 of 69
Case 6:17-cv-01210 Document 1 Filed 08/18/17 Page 1 of 69 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT DISTRICT OF KANSAS JED R. CLAASSEN, Individually and as PLAINTIFFS Representative of CLAASSEN FARMS; CLAASSEN FARMS vs. Civil Case No. __________________ MONSANTO COMPANY; DEFENDANTS BASF SE; BASF CORPORATION BASF PLANT SCIENCE LP; and JOHN DOE COMPANIES A - Z COMPLAINT – CLASS ACTION COMES NOW Plaintiffs, Jed R. Claassen and Claassen Farms on behalf of themselves, all others similarly situated, and the class they seek to represent for their Class Action Complaint against the named Defendants herein, state as follows: I. INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY OF THE CLAIMS 1. Plaintiffs bring this class action lawsuit for damages against Defendants, Monsanto and BASF, who jointly collaborated to develop and release a defective and unreasonably dangerous “dicamba-tolerant crop system,” which has directly resulted in massive harm to crops in Kansas, Arkansas, Missouri, Tennessee, Mississippi, and other states. 2. These damages include, but are not limited to, crop damage, yield loss, total failure of the crop, and financial ruin to impacted farmers. 3. The BASF/Monsanto dicamba-tolerant crop system cannot be safely used for its intended purpose regardless the degree of care without causing collateral damage to nearby crops, which are not part of the BASF/Monsanto dicamba-tolerant crop system. Page 1 of 69 Case 6:17-cv-01210 Document 1 Filed 08/18/17 Page 2 of 69 4. Dicamba is a synthetic herbicide, which farmers have been using for decades to burn down fields in an effort to control weeds. -
CQR Genetically Modified Food
Res earc her Published by CQ Press, an Imprint of SAGE Publications, Inc. CQ www.cqresearcher.com Genetically Modified Food Should labels be required? alifornia voters will decide in November whether foods produced with genetically modified ingredients — so-called GM foods — should bear special labels. C The controversial measure reflects the uneven ac - ceptance of genetically engineered crops since their rise in the 1990s. Organic farmers and other opponents of GM foods contend they may pose health or environmental risks, despite widespread scientific consensus that they are not inherently more risky than other crops. Foes of the labeling referendum, including GM farmers and seed producers, such as Monsanto, say that GM crops are more Plant breeder Alamgir Hossain is developing Golden Rice for Bangladesh. Supporters of the genetically engineered variety say it could save the lives of up to productive, pest-resistant and environmentally friendly than conven - 2.7 million children a year, but it has yet to be planted commercially; the Philippines may approve it for tional crops and that the fast-growing organic industry and misguid - cultivation in 2013. ed consumer groups are to blame for confusion about the science I behind them. Even as GM crops have been embraced by U.S. N THIS REPORT commodity growers, Europe remains skeptical. However, eight of S THE ISSUES ....................719 I the 10 countries with the most acreage in biotech crops are now BACKGROUND ................726 D in the developing world. CHRONOLOGY ................727 E CURRENT SITUATION ........732 CQ Researcher • Aug. 31, 2012 • www.cqresearcher.com AT ISSUE ........................733 Volume 22, Number 30 • Pages 717-740 OUTLOOK ......................735 RECIPIENT OF SOCIETY OF PROFESSIONAL JOURNALISTS AWARD FOR BIBLIOGRAPHY ................738 EXCELLENCE N AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION SILVER GAVEL AWARD THE NEXT STEP ..............739 GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOOD CQ Re search er Aug. -
Assessing Genetic Technologies in Denmark
RAPPORT 2/2004 Marja Häyrinen-Alestalo Egil Kallerud (editors) Mediating Public Concern in Biotechnology A map of sites, actors and issues in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden 1 © Norwegian Institute for Studies in Research and Higher Education Hegdehaugsveien 31, N-0352 Oslo NIFU Rapportserie 2/2004 ISBN 82-7218-482-6 ISSN 0807-3635 For other publications from NIFU, see www.nifu.no 2 NIFU Rapport 2/2004 Preface This publication is the first report from the Nordic research project Changing Contexts for Mediating Public Concern in the Assessment of Technoscience. Public Responses to Genetic Technologies in the Nordic Countries (COMPASS). The pro- ject is headed by Margareta Bertilsson, Copenhagen University, Department of Sociology, Denmark. The other partners are: Andrew Jamison, Aalborg Univer- sity, Institute for Social Development and Planning, Denmark; Jesper Lassen, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Centre for Bioethics and Risk Assessment, Denmark; Marja Häyrinen-Alestalo and Karoliina Snell, Hel- sinki University, Department of Sociology, Finland; Egil Kallerud and Vera Schwach, Norwegian Institute for Studies in Research and Higher Education, Norway; Thomas Achen, Linköping University, Department of Environmental Science, Sweden; and Mark Elam, Gothenburg University, Department of Soci- ology, Sweden. The project is funded for a three year period (2002–2004) by the Joint Committee for Nordic Research Councils for the Humanities and the So- cial Sciences (NOS-HS). This report documents the first exploratory steps towards an articulated comparative account of approaches and experiences in the Nordic countries concerning the political, economic, social and cultural responses to global, Eu- ropean and Nordic efforts in the appropriation and mediation of modern bio- technology. -
The Industrial Food Chain's Recipe for a Box Lunch
The Industrial Food Chain’s Recipe for a Box Lunch Who’s going to eat whose lunch … the Hardware Grunts or the Software Gurus? The Battle for the control of agricultural inputs is just beginning. Time for a “Kickboxer” Campaign? Briefing Note, May 31st, 2016 Bayer’s $62 billion bid for Monsanto, as of this writing, has been rejected, but both parties say they are continuing to negotiate. That the “Joy of Six” agricultural input companies may soon become a ménage à trois has been a matter of speculation in ETC Group since mid-2014. If (and it is a big “if”) the Seven Players Reduced to Four? marriages of Dow with DuPont, The biggest agrochemical makers if the ChemChina with Syngenta, and deals for through Crop Protection Seeds Bayer with Monsanto are 25 consummated, the only wallflower left on the dance floor, 20 BASF, will either have to hook up or give up. Agriculture is, 15 relatively speaking, small potatoes for the German chemical $ billion 10 giant, but, still, it brought home $7.2 billion in crop chemical sales 5 in 2014 and commands a hefty 11.5% of the global pesticide 0 market. Although BASF invests in Bayer & DuPont & Dow ChemChina & BASF Monsanto Chemical Syngenta plant breeding and breeding technologies, it doesn’t directly sell seeds. Instead, the company Based on 2015 revenue, Monsanto figures for fiscal year through collaborates on R&D all along the Aug. 2015. Source: Company reports, Bloomberg food chain – with Monsanto (developing GMO traits), with Yara (producing ammonia for fertilizers), with synbio company Evolva (developing biosynthetic pesticides), with Cargill (developing oils high in omega-3), with Deere & Co.