Doncaster Local Plan: Archaeological Scoping Assessment

Allocation Reference:1100 Area (Ha): 9.47 Allocation Type: Mixed use NGR (centre): SE 6591 0016 Site Name: Blaxton Quarry, Mosham Road, Auckley Settlement: Auckley-Hayfield Green

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Negligible Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation No archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event 1 record 4 records/3 events Cropmark/Lidar evidence Yes Yes Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Extensive n/a

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Allocation Reference: 1100 Area (Ha): 9.47 Allocation Type: Mixed use NGR (centre): SE 6591 0016 Site Name: Blaxton Quarry, Mosham Road, Auckley Settlement: Auckley-Hayfield Green

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records one monument within the site, which extends across much of the buffer. Three further monuments and three events are recorded within the buffer. The site and the north, east and south of the buffer form part of the Doncaster Roman Pottery Production Area, which is defined as an area where extensive remains of Roman pottery kilns have been recorded and which formed the focus of this important local industry. Within the north of the buffer is a Roman pottery kiln dating to the 2nd to 3rd centuries recorded during excavations at Blaxton Quarry. In the northeast of the buffer are two findspots, one a Romano-British pottery scatter and the other a Bronze Age bronze axe head. Geophysical survey of land off Gatehouse Lane recorded a single post- medieval to modern boundary. Archaeological evaluations off Hayfield Lane recorded one undated ditch. There are no Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings or registered parks and gardens within the site or buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded earthworks of a large 20th century sand and gravel extraction site over the site and the eastern part of the buffer and a second site in the western buffer. An area of post medieval ridge and furrow was recorded in the north buffer along with a field boundary of uncertain date.One area of historic landfill is recorded in the west of the buffer to the rear of Shakespeare’s Nurseries. Historic Environment Characterisation records the site and part of the west of the buffer as modern sand and gravel extraction pits. The north of the buffer is agglomerated fields created through removal of field boundaries at the end of the 20th century. The former landscapes are invisible in these areas. The east of the buffer comprises enclosed land with partial legibility of former hedgerow boundaries. In the west of the buffer is an area of horticulture, a small housing estate and Finningley Barracks, and the south forms part of Robin Hood Airport, formerly Finningley RAF base. Recent aerial mapping (2015) shows the site as an area of disused sand and gravel pits. Some areas are covered with vegetation but the majority of the site is exposed brownfield. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 OS map shows the site being formed of four fields named as Crow Clow Field, and by 1893 the two fields on the western side of the site had been amalgamated into one. Sand and gravel pits and associated works buildings first appeared in the northern part of the site by 1948 and had been extended into the southern field adjacent to the railway line by 1968. The sand and gravel pits covered the site on the 1992 OS map. The 1854 OS map depicts the buffer as fields and piecemeal enclosure. Mosham Woods were present in the north east of the buffer and the site was bounded to the north by Mosham Road and to the east by Gate House Lane. By 1893 the Great Northern and Eastern Joint Railway line had been laid along the southern edge of the site, a gatehouse had been constructed at the level crossing in the south western corner of the site. By 1930 houses had been built along Gate House Lane adjacent to the site in the western buffer. The 1964 OS map shows the construction of Finningley Barracks in the southwest of the buffer and the 1968 map shows a large area of sand and gravel pits (disused). It is not clear when these pits were established but they do not appear on the 1956 OS map. By 1992 the nursery had been established in the west of the buffer. Survival: The site was in agricultural use until the 1940s when the northern part of the site was used for sand and gravel extraction. By the late 1960s the whole of the site was being used for this purpose. Given the extensive quarrying on the site it is likely that any sub-surface deposits have been destroyed. The potential for the survival of buried archaeological remains on this site is therefore considered to be negligible. Further investigations: No further archaeological investigations are likely to be required if the site is allocated for development.

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Significance: Negligible.

Aerial Photographs& Lidar Summary: The 2002-2009 Google Earth aerial imagery showed the site as an area of sand and gravel quarrying with prefabricated works buildings in the north western half of the site. It seems that by 2002 the south and eastern part of the site are no longer being quarried and show evidence of vegetation. By 2015 the whole site has gone out of use, most of the prefabricated buildings have been demolished and vegetation is beginning to grow over the north western part of the site. LiDAR imagery did not show any archaeological features within the site. Photograph/Lidar references: Google Earth: 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2015. LiDAR 2m DTM. Photos transcribed by the Magnesian Limestone Mapping Project: RAF/CPE/UK/1880 2118 06-Dec-1946; MAL/71047 0171 03-May-1971; OS/92256 0254 20-Jul-1992

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 01281/02 Romano-British Romano-British pottery in Nursery Gardens, Blaxton, found on Y Pottery Scatter, both sides of Mosham Lane. This may indicate kiln sites. Blaxton ?Kiln sites 02124/01 Blaxton Quarry The Blaxton group of kilns represents a south-eastward Y Kilns, Auckley extension of the widespread Roman Kiln complex of Cantley, Branton, Rossington Bridge and West Bessacarr. Material twelve features was recovered, but of these, the positions of only five were precisely recorded. The recorded kilns range in date from c.160-250, with an emphasis towards the centre of this period. Material of 4th century date suggests that the remains of later kilns exist or have been destroyed in the area. 03764/01 Bronze Age Bronze A bronze wing-flanged axe with 'shield-pattern' on the blade Y Axe Head, Auckley was found on the boundary of Auckley and Blaxton parishes after the cleaning out of Mosham Drain. 04930 The Doncaster A series of Roman pottery kilns have been recorded and Y Y Roman Pottery excavated in the Doncaster district over several decades. Production Area These may be considered a single industrial entity stretching across several kilometres to the east of Doncaster. Several areas of activity have been identified through excavation at Cantley, Bessacarr, Blaxton and Rossington Bridge. ESY101 Excavations of a Excavation ahead of quarry development, 12 features were Y Y Roman Pottery Kiln recorded but only five were precisely located, only two kilns Site at Blaxton were fully investigated. Quarry, Auckley ESY287 Archaeological In 2004 a geophysical survey was undertaken for land off Y Evaluation Report, Gatehouse Lane. The results indicated that most anomalies Land off Gatehouse were due to recent activity. In 2005 an archaeological Lane, Finningley evaluation was undertaken on land off Gatehouse Lane. The results from 10 trenches exposed a single post-medieval/early modern boundary. ESY632 Archaeological A programme of archaeological field evaluation was Y Evaluation Robin undertaken at two sites, off Hurst Lane (Access Route) and Hood Airport Hayfield Lane (Rail and Business park site). A ditch of unknown Business Park, Rail date was recorded within the Hayfield Lane site and possible

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Station and Access remnant furrows were recorded at the Hurst Lane site. Route

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4577 Hurst Lane, Auckley, Doncaster Other Mineral Extraction & Y Y Processing HSY4541 Mosham Wood, Blaxton, Doncaster Assarts Y HSY4576 Eastfield Lane, Auckley, Doncaster Agglomerated fields Y HSY4644 Doncaster Sheffield Airport, Finningley, Airport Y Doncaster HSY4657 Barrack Blocks, Finningley, Doncaster Barracks Y HSY4788 Mosham Road, Blaxton, Doncaster Nursery Y HSY4838 Gatehouse Lane, Auckley, Doncaster Nursery Y HSY5969 Housing north of Auckley Level Crossing, Semi-Detached Housing Y Finningley, Doncaster

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Allocation Reference:1102 Area (Ha): 1.31 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5807 0101 Site Name: Land at Balby Carr Bank, Balby Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - 3 events Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Partial n/a

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Allocation Reference: 1102 Area (Ha): 1.31 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5807 0101 Site Name: Land at Balby Carr Bank, Balby Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records no monuments, findspots or events within the site. Three events are recorded within the south and southeast sides of the buffer. At the southeast side, an evaluation uncovered features associated with a 19th/20th century farmhouse. To the south, evaluation recorded a ring ditch that may have been a barrow, and an enclosure, both of which lay outside the buffer to the southwest. Geophysical survey and trial trenching were undertaken within a site at the southeast edge of the buffer, but no results for this are listed in the event record. There are no Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings or registered parks and gardens within the site or buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire aerial mapping project did not record any features within the site. A linear ditch of uncertain date was recorded extending into the southwest edge of the buffer. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site and the majority of the buffer as an industrial area situated beside the railway track comprising steel works interspersed with other premises dating to the 19th to 20th centuries. In the northern part of the buffer are railway sidings and a depot constructed in the mid-19th century and later expanded. In the far south of the buffer is an area of wet and marshy meadows which were drained as part of the programme in the 17th century. Legibility of all former landscapes is invisible. The site currently comprises a rectangular area of grassland/scrubland positioned in the middle of modern industrial units. The centre is crossed by an access road to a depot to the south. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 OS map shows the site as forming the north-eastern part of a rectangular field. By 1930 the field had been split into two narrower fields running northeast-southwest which were still extant on the 1992 OS map. Within the buffer the 1854 OS maps the area as rectangular fields with a mother drain and Balby Carr Bank running northwest-southeast along the northern edge of the site and a railway track further to the north. By 1892 the railway had been expanded and a wagon repair works had been constructed at the northern end of the site, just beyond Balby Carr Bank. The 1992 OS map shows the construction of an industrial works building in the east of the buffer but the rest of the area remained unchanged. Survival: The site has been in agricultural use and this may have caused some truncation of sub-surface deposits. The area surrounding the site has been developed for industrial/commercial use, including the construction of a road through the site, which may have had an additional impact on the survival of archaeological deposits. Iron Age to Roman field systems and settlement remains have been recorded just outside the buffer and there is the potential for similar remains to extend into the site. The potential for survival of archaeological deposits in the site is considered to be moderate to low. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations may be required if the site is allocated for development. Significance: Unknown.

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Aerial Photographs& Lidar Summary: Google Earth aerial imagery between 2002 and 2015 showed the site as grassland/scrubland with a road through the middle giving access to an industrial unit to the south. The southeast quarter of the site had been concreted over. By 2017 the concreted area has become overgrown but remains as an area of grassland and concrete. Photograph/Lidar references: Google Earth: 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2014, 2015 & 2017. Lidar 2m DTM. Photographs transcribed by the Magnesian Limestone mapping project: OS/92256 0275 20-Jul-1992.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID ESY1060 First Point, Balby The evaluation uncovered features associated with a 19th Y Carr Evaluation /20th century farmhouse. Areas A1 A2 A3 ESY1061 First Point, Balby Trial trenching uncovered a ring ditch and V-shaped ditch. The Y Carr, Doncaster, ring ditch was fully excavated. Areas B1-B3, E ESY1071 Ikea Site, Balby Geophysical survey and trial trenching. [No details of results in Y Carr, Doncaster the event record.]

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY5277 Balby Carr Bank, Doncaster Metal Trades (Heavy) Y Y HSY4232 Balby, Loversall and Potteric Carr, Doncaster Drained Wetland Y HSY5261 Railway Sidings, Doncaster Train Depot/ Sidings Y

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Allocation Reference:1103 Area (Ha): 0.62 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5746 0093 Site Name: Plot B3c, Water Vole Way, Balby Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Negligible Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation No archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event 1 event 2 records/2 events Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Extensive n/a

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Allocation Reference: 1103 Area (Ha): 0.62 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 5746 0093 Site Name: Plot B3c, Water Vole Way, Balby Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records show there are no monuments and one event within the site. Two monuments and two events lie within the buffer. Trial trenching and strip trenching across the site and the north west and south east of the buffer revealed a D-shaped enclosure surrounding a probable round house. The ring ditch and enclosure are recorded as being Roman monuments within the SMR records, positioned to the south east of the site which has now been developed as industrial warehousing units. There are no Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings or registered parks and gardens within the site or the buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire aerial mapping project did not record any features within the site. At the eastern edge of the buffer is a ditch of unknown date. This runs across the D-shaped enclosure and round house identified in the SMR records and can therefore be attributed as such. Two areas of post medieval ridge and furrow were identified in the eastern and southern parts of the buffer. Historic Environment Characterisation records the character of the site and the majority of the buffer as wet and marshy meadows which were drained as part of the programme in the 17th century. Legibility of former landscapes is invisible. The north east of the buffer is classified as an industrial area situated beside the railway track comprising of steel founders/works interspersed with other premises dating to the 19th/20th century. The southern edge of the buffer is Balby Carr school, built in the 1970s and to the west is an area of planned social housing dating to the 1940s/50s. The site currently comprises a rectangular area of concrete used as a goods storage yard, presumably by the adjacent industrial units. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 OS map shows the site as forming the northern part of a field. The 1892 OS map indicates that a small outbuilding had been positioned at the northwest edge of the site. The site remained unchanged by 1992. Within the buffer the 1854 OS map shows the area as rectangular and strip agricultural fields with a drain running northwest-southeast along the southern part of the buffer. By 1956 construction had begun on the housing estate on the western edge of the buffer, and in 1967 an area north of the site was indicated as ‘works’, with drainage channels constructed in the north and east. Areas of industry had also been established along the railway line and the 1992 OS map indicates that the area remained largely unchanged from the late 1960s. Survival: The site has been in agricultural use and this may have caused some truncation of sub-surface deposits. The area surrounding the site has been developed for industrial/commercial use which may have had an additional impact on the survival of archaeological deposits. Previous archaeological evaluation has been undertaken on the site, and as it has since been developed, it is assumed that no further archaeological mitigation was required. The potential for survival of archaeological deposits within the site is considered to be low. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation is unlikely to be required if the site is allocated for development. Significance: Negligible.

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Aerial Photographs& Lidar Summary: Google Earth aerial imagery between 2002 and 2003 showed the site as grassland/scrubland which forms part of a larger field. By 2008 the top soil has been stripped and an industrial unit has been constructed to the southeast of the site. The site remains the same until 2017 when industrial units have been constructed to the northwest and the site has been concreted over for use as hard standing. Photograph/Lidar references: Google Earth: 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2014, 2015 & 2017. Lidar 2m DTM. Photos transcribed by the Magnesian Limestone Mapping Project: OS/92256 0275 20-Jul-1992; RAF/541/170 4225 21-Sep-1948.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 05035 Romano-British Ring ditch identified during excavation. No finds were Y Ring Ditch, Balby associated with the feature Radiocarbon dates indicate this Carr feature is Roman. The lack of an entrance way into the enclosure may suggest this is a ditch for a ploughed out barrow. 05036 Enclosure and A 'D' shaped enclosure with other ditches running off it was Y Associated Round exposed during excavations on this site. Within the enclosure House, Balby Carr was a ring ditch with an entrance way to the north east. A single posthole was located within the ring ditch. Radiocarbon dating indicates the enclosure and ring ditch are contemporary and dated to the end of the first millennium BC. Small samples of burnt bone found after wet sieving of samples may represent the end result of food cooking and disposal. The form of the ring ditch is suggestive of a round house drip gulley. ESY1061 First Point, Balby Trial trenching uncovered a ring ditch and v-shaped ditch. Y Y Carr, Doncaster Ring-ditch then fully excavated. Further mitigation of area with Areas B1, B2, B3, E ditches - see ESY1062 ESY1062 First Point, Balby Area strip and excavation following a previous evaluation on Y Carr, Doncaster - the site (ESY1061). The full extent of the enclosure with v- B2 shaped ditch found in the evaluation phase was uncovered. This proved to be a D shaped enclosure surrounding a probable round house.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4232 Balby, Loversall and Potteric Carr, Doncaster Drained Wetland Y Y HSY5277 Balby Carr Bank, Doncaster Metal Trades (Heavy) Y HSY5330 Balby Carr School, Balby, Doncaster School Y HSY5417 Woodfield Road, Balby, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y

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Allocation Reference: 1105 Area (Ha): 0.48 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 55075 09154 Site Name: Carcroft Common Industrial Estate, Holmeroyd Rd Settlement: Carcroft-Skellow

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - - Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Partial n/a

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Allocation Reference: 1105 Area (Ha): 0.48 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 55075 09154 Site Name: Carcroft Common Industrial Estate, Holmeroyd Rd Settlement: Carcroft-Skellow

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments, findspots or events within the site or buffer. No Scheduled Monuments, listed buildings or registered parks are located within the site or buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire aerial mapping project did not record any features within the site. Areas of post-medieval ridge and furrow were recorded at the west and southwest edges of the buffer. The area to the west has been built over. Historic Environment Characterisation records the site and the majority of the buffer as part of Carcroft Common Industrial Estate, developed in the mid-20th century as the nearby Bullcroft Colliery declined. The southern part of the buffer is characterised as surveyed enclosure within the former area of Adwick Common, while the southeast edge is part of an area drained, enclosed wetland within the former Bentley Moor. Recent aerial imagery (2015) shows the site mainly occupied by hard surfaced yard area, with a light industrial shed at the south side and possible tanks along the northern edge. It is located to the south of a larger industrial unit. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 OS map shows the site as part of a field in the area of Carcroft Common, bounded to the north by Bentley Moor Lane and to the south by the Old Ea Beck. The field had been subdivided into two by 1892, with the site in the smaller subdivision; this boundary had been removed by 1932. In 1961, the field containing site was shown as scrub or heathland, with drainage ditches shown around the edges. In 1982, part of the site was a yard to the south of kennels, whilst the remainder was still scrubland. Within the buffer, the 1854 OS map shows fields surrounding the site, with the Old Ea Beck crossing the southern part of the buffer on an east-west alignment, joined to the south by the Engine Dike. Bentley Moor Lane ran through the north side of the buffer, with Bentley Moor Bridge crossing the Old Ea Beck at the eastern edge. A small shed was shown in a field to the north of the lane. By 1892, the route of the Old Ea Beck had been surrounded by embankments, possibly to prevent flooding, and the route of the Engine Dike had been straightened and also embanked. The 1930 OS map shows terraced housing in the northeast part of the buffer. A caravan park was shown at the western edge of the buffer in 1982, and kennels to the north of the site, with works buildings and an oil railway terminal shown to the north of Bentley Moor Lane, the former on the site of terraced housing depicted from 1930. Survival: The site is occupied by parking and yard areas, and the building on site are unlikely to have caused substantial damage to sub-surface deposits, though it is likely that buried fuel tanks are present within the northern side of the site. Prior to 2002, the site was shown as a field. The conditions for the survival of buried archaeological remains are considered to be low to moderate. No archaeological features are known within the buffer, so the potential for encountering archaeological remains is unknown; however, the site is adjacent to a river, and there may therefore be the potential for the preservation of waterlogged organic and palaeoenvironmental remains. No archaeological investigations have been recorded in association with development of a similar site in the western part of the buffer, that was constructed between 2003 and 2008. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Aerial imagery from 2002 shows the site as a possible depot, the majority covered with a hard surfaced yard and parking areas, and a rectangular single-storey, corrugated metal-clad building at the south side and a smaller structure in the northeast area. Minibuses were shown within the yard and possible fuel tanks in the central and west part of the northern edge. A larger buildings in a similar style stood to the immediate north of the site, with loading doors opening onto the yard. The smaller building at the northeast side of the site had been demolished by 2008. Lidar data shows a palaeochannel in the southern part of the buffer, possibly on the former route of the Engine Drain. Photograph/Lidar references: Google Earth 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 & 2015. Lidar 2m DTM. Photographs transcribed by the Magnesian Limestone aerial mapping project: RAF/CPE/UK/1880 5076 06-Dec- 1946; MAL/68041 0202 10-Jun-1968.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY148 Carcroft Common Industrial Estate Other Industry Y Y HSY150 Bentley & Adwick Moor, Doncaster Drained Wetland Y Former Adwick Common, Adwick le Street, Surveyed Enclosure Y HSY4297 Doncaster (Parliamentary/ Private)

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Allocation Reference: 1106 Area (Ha): 0.12 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5794 0228 Site Name: 3 Nelson Street, Hyde Park Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Local Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation No archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - 1 record Cropmark/Lidar evidence No No Cartographic features of interest Yes No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Extensive n/a

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Allocation Reference: 1106 Area (Ha): 0.12 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5794 0228 Site Name: 3 Nelson Street, Hyde Park Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records no monuments, findspots or events within the site. One findspot is recorded within the northwest edge of the buffer, a Roman coin dated to AD 350-353 recovered during demolition of Arthur Street, Hyde Park in 1970. There are no Scheduled Monuments, listed buildings or registered parks and gardens within the site or buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire aerial mapping project did not record any features within the site or the buffer. One locally listed park is recorded at the western edge of the buffer, Hyde Park or Carr Grange Cemetery. This was opened in 1856 as a non-denominational cemetery. Three areas of historic landfill are recorded on the outskirts of the buffer: two on the western edge and one on the southeast edge. Historic Environment Characterisation records the character of the site and the northwest part of the buffer as a 1970s commercial business park constructed on the site of former 19th century terraced housing. Prior to this the area was strip fields. The far north of the buffer is designated as motorway and trunk road junctions and in the west is a business trading centre based in two late 19th- to early 20th-century schools. The southern part of the buffer is a commercial business park and the north and northeast are classified as residential terraced housing constructed in the late 19th to early 20th centuries. There is no legibility of previous land use in the area. The site currently comprises a rectangular area of concrete with three prefabricated buildings, two in the north of the site and one in the south. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 OS map shows the site as part of an area of strip fields. By 1894 the site had been developed with two rectangular buildings along the northeast edge and an open yard area in the south. By the 1903s the site incorporated a row of terraced houses fronting onto Nelson Street which formerly ran NNW-SSE (as opposed to its current L shaped layout). The houses were positioned on the northeast side of the site with associated back yards to the southwest. By 1977 the terraced housing had been demolished and the site contained one industrial building at the northern end which is also present on the 1992 OS map. Within the buffer the 1854 OS map shows the area as mainly comprising strip fields. A building complex known as Carr Grange was situated south of the site. By 1903 the area surrounding the site had been developed with rows of terraced housing. Hyde Park school was shown to the east and square allotment plots to the south of the site. The land associated with Carr Grange in the south of the buffer remained fields until 1956 when terraced housing was built in the south of the grounds. By 1961 the land associated with Carr Grange had been developed into an industrial site and by 1977 the terraced houses surrounding the site have been demolished and replaced with industrial buildings. The 1992 OS map shows these industrial buildings and the remaining terraced housing still standing in the east of the buffer. Survival: The terraced housing within the site was cleared during the 1970s and an industrial building was constructed at the northern end. Remains of the footings and any cellarage associated with the terraced housing may survive within the site, but terraced houses of a similar date survive as standing buildings in the eastern part of the buffer. The housing is likely to have truncated any earlier underlying deposits, and the potential for such remains is considered to be low. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigation is unlikely to be required if the site is allocated for development.

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Significance: Remains of the terraced housing may be considered to be of Local archaeological significance.

Aerial Photographs& Lidar Summary: The 2002 - 2017 Google Earth aerial imagery showed the site as a small industrial development with three prefabricated buildings – two at the northern end and one at the southern end. The western edge of the site and the centre are concreted over. Photograph references: Google Earth: 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017, 2018. LiDAR 2m DTM.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 01086/01 Roman coin, Hyde AE (bronze/copper) Centennionalis of Magentius (AD 350-353) Y Park, Doncaster found during demolition of Arthur Street, Hyde Park in 1970.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY5239 Doncaster Carr, Doncaster Business Park Y HSY5257 Middle Bank, Doncaster Business Park Y HSY5280 Hyde Park Cemetery, Doncaster Cemetery Y HSY5301 Carr House Road, Hyde Park, Doncaster Terraced Housing Y HSY5314 Carr Grange, Doncaster Business Park Y Y HSY5317 Carr House Road, Doncaster School Y HSY5319 Hyde Park Junction, Doncaster Motorway and Trunk Road Y Junctions

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Allocation Reference: 1107 Area (Ha): 0.813 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5496 0915 Site Name: Hutton Business Park, Hangthwaite Road Settlement: Carcroft-Skellow

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - - Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 1107 Area (Ha): 0.813 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5496 0915 Site Name: Hutton Business Park, Hangthwaite Road Settlement: Carcroft-Skellow

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments, findspots or events within the site or buffer. No Scheduled Monuments, listed buildings or registered parks are located within the site or buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire aerial mapping project did not record any features within the site. Areas of post-medieval ridge and furrow were recorded to the west and southwest of the site. The area to the west has been built over. Historic Environment Characterisation records the site and the majority of the buffer as part of Carcroft Common Industrial Estate, developed in the mid-20th century as the nearby Bullcroft Colliery declined. The southeast part of the buffer is characterised as surveyed enclosure within the former area of Adwick Common. Recent aerial imagery (2015) shows the site mainly occupied by a hard surface yard/parking area, with two small buildings. It may be a depot. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 OS map shows the site as part of a field in the area of Carcroft Common, bounded to the north by Bentley Moor Lane and to the south by the Old Ea Beck. The site was still undeveloped in 1982. Within the buffer, the 1854 OS map shows fields surrounding the site, with the Old Ea Beck crossing the southern part of the buffer on an east-west alignment, joined to the south by the Engine Dike. Church Lane and Bentley Moor Lane ran through the west and north sides of the buffer respectively, with a small building shown to the north of their junction at the northwest edge of the buffer. By 1892, the route of the Old Ea Beck had been surrounded by embankments, possibly to prevent flooding, and the route of the Engine Dike had been straightened and also embanked. The 1930 OS map shows terraced housing in the northeast part of the buffer, and allotment gardens were shown at the southwest edge by 1961. A caravan park was shown to the west of the site in 1982, and kennels to the east, with works buildings and an oil railway terminal shown to the north of Bentley Moor Lane, the former on the site of terraced housing depicted from 1930. Survival: The site is occupied by parking and yard areas, and the two buildings on site are unlikely to have caused substantial damage to sub-surface deposits, though it is possible that buried services and fuel tanks may be present on the site. Prior to 2002, the site was shown as a field. The conditions for the survival of buried archaeological remains are considered to be moderate. No archaeological features are known within the buffer, so the potential for encountering archaeological remains is unknown; however, the site is adjacent to a river, and there may therefore be the potential for the preservation of waterlogged organic and palaeoenvironmental remains. No archaeological investigations have been recorded in association with development of the adjacent site. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

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Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Aerial imagery from 2002 shows the site as a possible depot, the majority covered with a hard surfaced yard and parking areas, and with two buildings towards the west end, one a single-storey brick structure with a pitched roof, the other a corrugated metal shed. No changes were shown within the site by 2015. The area to the immediate west was still a field in rough grass coverage in 2002, and was developed with light industrial sheds by 2008. The SMR does not record any archaeological work undertaken in association with this development. Lidar data shows a palaeochannel at the southeast edge of the buffer, possibly on the former route of Engine Dike. Photograph/Lidar references: Google Earth 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 & 2015. Lidar 2m DTM. Photographs transcribed by the Magnesian Limestone aerial mapping project: RAF/CPE/UK/1880 5076 06-Dec- 1946; MAL/68041 0202 10-Jun-1968.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY148 Carcroft Common Industrial Estate Other Industry Y Y Former Adwick Common, Adwick le Street, Surveyed Enclosure Y HSY4297 Doncaster (Parliamentary/ Private)

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Allocation Reference: 1108 Area (Ha): 0.21 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SK 6063 9880 Site Name: GNE Contracting Ltd, Plots 8 & 9, Bankwood Lane Settlement: Rossington

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - - Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Partial n/a

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Allocation Reference: 1108 Area (Ha): 0.21 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SK 6063 9880 Site Name: GNE Contracting Ltd, Plots 8 & 9, Bankwood Lane Settlement: Rossington

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments, findspots or events within the site or buffer. There are no Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings or registered parks and gardens within the site or buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire aerial mapping project did not record any earthwork or cropmark evidence within the site. The edge of an area of land occupied by Rossington Colliery is recorded at the western edge of the buffer. The Rossington Dumpit site, situated in the south of the buffer, is recorded as an area of historic landfill. Historic Environment Characterisation records the site and parts of the north, south and east of the buffer as Bankwood Industrial Estate. The west of the buffer is recorded as Rossington Main Colliery spoil heap and the far south forms part of Rossington Main Colliery deep shaft coal mine. Within the northeast of the buffer is an area of allotments and the far south comprises an area of social planned housing. Legibility of former agricultural land use across the site and the buffer is fragmentary. Recent aerial imagery (2017) shows the site as a thin rectangular strip of land within an area of industrial units. The site has been completely tarmacked/concreted over with a small industrial building on its northern edge. The rest of the site is used for the storage of vehicles, goods and machinery. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 OS map shows the site as forming part of a rectangular field boarded by Bank Wood Lane on the eastern side and Pheasant Bank wood on the west. There were no changes until 1962 when the site was shown as allotment gardens, and two allotment buildings had been constructed on the northern boundary of the site. The 1993 OS map shows one building standing on the northern boundary. The 1854 OS map shows the area surrounding the site as Pheasant Bank woodland in the west of the buffer, agricultural fields to the north, south and east, and the edge of West End Wood at the far east of the buffer. By 1930 a sewage works had been constructed within the buffer directly east of the site and by 1948 an area of planned housing had been built in the southern part of the buffer. The 1962 OS map shows the fields surrounding the site as allotment gardens and by 1980 the former Pheasant Wood in the western buffer was being used as a spoil heap for the adjacent colliery. Survival: The site has been in agricultural and horticultural use and cultivation may have caused some truncation of sub- surface deposits. In recent years the topsoil has been stripped from the site and a hard surface laid. The extent of landscaping undertaken in association with this is unclear, and the conditions for the survival of archaeological remains are considered to be moderate to poor. No archaeology is currently recorded within the buffer, though Iron Age to Roman field systems and enclosures are located within the wider vicinity. The archaeological potential is considered to be moderate to low. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

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Aerial Photographs& Lidar Summary: The 2002-2007 Google Earth aerial imagery showed the western half of the site as area of grassland with a small area of hardstanding and one building on the northern site boundary. By 2008 the western part of the site had been largely cleared of vegetation and by 2017 this area was being used to store piles of gravel and sand. The building was still extant on the northern boundary in 2017, with the eastern half of the site used for vehicle and machinery storage. Photograph references: Google Earth: 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017, 2018. LiDAR 2m DTM. Photographs transcribed by the Magnesian Limestone mapping project; OS/89258 0037 11-Jun-1989.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4776 Bankwood Industrial estate, New Rossington, Other Industry Y Y Doncaster HSY4230 Rossington Main Colliery spoil 2, Rossington, Spoil Heap Y Doncaster HSY4713 Central Drive, New Rossington, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY4741 Bankwood Industrial estate, New Rossington, Other Industry Y Doncaster HSY4744 Rossington Main Colliery, New Rossington, Deep Shaft Coal Mine Y Doncaster HSY4768 Bank Wood Lane, New Rossington, Doncaster Allotments Y HSY4772 Bankwood Industrial estate, New Rossington, Utilities Y Doncaster

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Allocation Reference: 1109 Area (Ha): 0.58 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5273 0911 Site Name: Pyramid Printing Works, Great North Rd Settlement: Adwick-le-Street

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Negligible Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation No archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - 1 Listed Building - - SMR record/event 1 record 4 records/12 events Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Extensive n/a

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Allocation Reference: 1109 Area (Ha): 0.58 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5273 0911 Site Name: Pyramid Printing Works, Great North Rd Settlement: Adwick-le-Street

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records one monument within the site comprising two double ditched trackways and field boundaries observed as cropmarks. Excavations to the west of the site revealed a trapezoid enclosure and evidence of roundhouses of late Iron Age/Romano British date in association with pottery, quern fragments, a spindle whorl, an awl, coins and a brooch. This monument spreads across the entire southern half of the buffer. A further three monuments and 12 events are recorded within the buffer. Monuments recorded comprise a Roman road running in a north south alignment on the western edge of the buffer and the site of three Iron Age/Romano-British ditches in the north of the buffer. A geophysical survey was carried out at Redhouses Park in the north of the buffer which identified ditches and archaeological features. Excavations carried out in the south of the buffer identified Iron Age field systems and enclosures and an inhumation dating to 9th-10th century likely to be of Scandinavian origin. A number of excavations and evaluations have been conducted in the western part of the buffer. These identified ditches, enclosures and parts of the Roman road. One Scheduled Monument, the Roman ridge and road is located within the buffer extending to the south. No Listed Buildings or registered parks and gardens are present within the site or buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded a rectilinear Iron Age/Roman enclosure, field boundary and ditch in the south east of the buffer, Iron Age/Roman ditches and field boundaries in the west, and one post medieval field boundary in the north of the buffer. One area of post medieval ridge and furrow in the east of the buffer The Historic Environment Characterisation records the current character of the site, the area directly surrounding the site and part of the north east buffer as Red House Interchange motorway and trunk road junctions. The northern part of the buffer comprises post medieval and modern strip fields which appear to have retained their original enclosure patterns. The east and western parts of the buffer are made up of commercial warehousing and sheds. The site was excavated ahead of development revealing complexes of landscape and farmsteads from the Iron Age/Roman period. There is no legibility of 19th century enclosure. The south of the buffer comprises Woodlands planned local housing estate. Again, no legibility of former land forms is visible. The site is a strip of grassland, concrete and building footings lying between the junctions of the A368 and boarded on all sides by hedgerow. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1851 OS map shows a small active limestone quarry adjacent to a disused quarry within the site, with the road running north-south along the eastern edge. The quarry was in use until 1961 when OS mapping shows a building within the site. By 1983 the road junction had been built along the western edge of the site, and the building was still extant. Within the buffer the 1851 OS map depicts an area of strip fields surrounding the site with Red House and Red House Green in the north and Red House Lane running from the site towards the south east. By 1892 the Roman road in the west of the buffer is shown as a bridleway. The 1961 OS map shows the social housing development in the south of the buffer but the remainder remains unchanged. By 1983 a substantial road junction has been developed in the north of the buffer. Survival: A quarry has been recorded within the site in the mid-19th century, and a road was constructed along the western side by 1983. A works building was shown within the site at that date. It is likely that these activities have destroyed any sub-surface deposits associated with the Iron Age to Roman features recorded in the immediate vicinity. The archaeological potential is considered to be negligible.

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Further investigations: No further archaeological investigations are likely to be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Negligible.

Aerial Photographs& Lidar Summary: Aerial imagery from 2002 to 2015 shows an access road into the site from the northeast from the A368, one rectangular and one adjoined square works buildings, concrete standing for car parking and grassland. Directly to the northwest of the site was a small strip of agricultural land. By 2017 the buildings had been demolished and the site comprised grassland, concrete hard standing and building footings. LiDAR appears to show sunken ground within the site, probably associated with the edge of the former quarry. Photograph/Lidar references: Google Earth 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2018. Lidar 2m DTM. Photographs transcribed by the Magnesian Limestone aerial mapping project: MAL/60427 81709 21-Jun-1960 SE5209/29 NMR 17481/19 17-Jul-2000, ULM BTX 057 05-Jul-1975

Statutory Designations Reference Name Designation/ Site? Buffer? ID Grade 1003672 Roman Ridge, Roman road, NW of Doncaster SAM Y

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 02691/01 Iron Age or Two double-ditched trackways and associated field boundaries Y Y Romano-British are visible as cropmarks, and are associated with the trackways, trackways to the north of Red House Lane. Elements were enclosures and recorded through investigations associated with a sewer main field system, in 1999-2001. A trackway (possibly metalled), field boundary Adwick-le-Street ditches and an enclosure were identified. An enclosure east of a Roman road was excavated and was trapezoidal in form with an entrance structure, internal partitions and evidence for roundhouses. The enclosure appears to be of late Iron Age origin, with use continuing into the Romano-British period. 03039/01 'Roman Ridge', Stretches of Roman road used recently as a bridle path. It Y Roman Road at would have been the main Roman road from Doncaster to Adwick le Castleford . Excavation in 1958 to the northwest of Adwick-le- Street/Bentley Street identified two phases of road. Finds included at least two jars, one of Antonine date. Trenches excavated across the bridleway in 2009-10 recorded limestone rubble near the southern end, possibly a former road surface. No evidence for the road was found in Hanging Wood, and it seems probable that the parallel bank c25m to the east is the true route of the road rather than the modern bridleway. 04915 Roman Road; Roman road from Lincoln towards York via Roman forts and Y Bawtry to settlement at Bawtry, Rossington, Doncaster and Burghwallis. Castleford via The stretch travelling through Adwick Le Street is known as the Doncasterand Roman Ridge Roman Road and is a Scheduled Monument. Adwick-le-Street

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05640 Probable Iron Age A geophysical survey conducted in 1999 identified one definite Y to Romano-British and three possible ditches of archaeological origin. ditch, Redhouse Park, Adwick-le- Street ESY337 Trial Trench In September and October 1996 an archaeological evaluation Y Evaluation at was undertaken. The trenches were positioned above features Adwick Le Street previous identified from a geophysical survey. A number of enclosures were located and investigated. ESY338 Geophysical Survey In January 2001 a geophysical survey was undertaken at Red Y at Red House Park House Park. The results identified a number of anomalies thought to be caused by infilled ditches forming part of an enclosure with associated dtiches/trackway. ESY339 Geophysical Survey In March 1999 a geophysical survey was undertaken at Y at Redhouse Park Redhouses Park. The results located one anomaly indicative of an archaeological ditch, plus several more possible archaeological features. ESY340 Geophysical Survey In 1995 a geophysical survey was undertaken at Adwick Le Y at Adwick Le Street Street. The survey located a number of features previously identified on aerial photographs including field systems, an enclosure and double-ditched 'droveway'. ESY341 Excavation within In May and September 2000 a late Iron Age enclosure Y Area 7, Redhouse (Enclosure 1) and length of Roman road was excavated. The Farm occupation of the Iron Age enclosure spanned the Roman conquest. ESY342 Geophysical Survey In June and September 2000 a geophysical survey was Y at Adwick Le Street undertaken at Adwick Le Street. The results complement previous investigations and show an extensive area of linear boundaries with possible rectilinear enclosures. ESY986 Survey of Roman Measured and photographic survey of archaeological and Y Ridge Cycle path modern features along path of cycle route route ESY1143 Watching brief on Watching brief on soil stripping for spine road & soil stripping. Y stripping for spine Part of a field system and possible trackway, thought to be of road & in Areas 7, Romano-British date, was identified as was part of a possible 14, 15, 16 & 17, enclosure with a small number of pits containing pottery of Redhouse, Adwick 2nd-4th century AD date. le Street ESY1146 Excavation within Excavation of 4 enclosures identified by earlier geophysical Y Areas 2, 8, 12 & 17, survey (ESY 340 & ESY342); in use from the late Iron Age until Redhouse, Adwick- sometime in the 2nd-4th centuries AD. le-Street ESY1407 Evaluation Seven trenches were excavated along a section of the Roman Y trenching at Roman Road between Sunnyfields and Red House. At the southern Ridge Roman Road, part of the investigated area limestone rubble possibly Adwick le Street, representing a former road surface was recorded. Several of Doncaster the trenches failed to find remains of the road due to disturbance caused by Brodsworth Colliery. The presumed line of the road may need to be re-evaluated in the southern part, where a nearby parallel bank may represent the true route. ESY1455 Watching brief at A watching brief was carried out between two known Iron Y Red House, Adwick- Age/Romano-British enclosures. A single ditch was identified le-Street, running roughly north-south. Although no dating evidence was Doncaster recovered, the ditch respects elements of the enclosure to the north so likely forms part of the same field system. ESY1459 Excavations at Red Excavations were undertaken in 2001 prior to construction of a Y House Park, sewer main. A Romano-British or Iron Age field system,

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Adwick-le-Street enclosure and trackway identified by geophysical survey were investigated. An inhumation of 9th- to 10th-century date was recorded cutting through a trackway ditch. This was a woman aged 33-45, of likely Scandinavian origin. Grave goods included brooches and a copper alloy bowl.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY226 Red House Interchange Motorway and Trunk Road Y Y Junctions HSY245 Fields north of Red House Lane Adwick Le Strip Fields Y Street HSY4154 Redhouse Interchange, Brodsworth, Doncaster Warehousing Y HSY4905 Woodlands (north), Adwick upon Street, Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Doncaster

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Allocation Reference: 1110 Area (Ha): 2.82 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5721 0385 Site Name: Marshgate Depot, Friars Gate Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - 1 Listed Building - 2 SMR record/event 1 event 18 records/21 event Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Partial n/a

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Allocation Reference: 1110 Area (Ha): 2.82 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5721 0385 Site Name: Marshgate Depot, Friars Gate Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: One event is recorded within the site. This comprised part of a pollen coring survey undertaken in advance of the construction of the Northbridge Relief Road. The results of the coring are not given in the event record. There are 18 monuments or findspots within the buffer, all to the south or southeast of the site. These include the site of Danum Roman fort and a road, with associated pottery and coins. The road (on the route of High Street and Hall Gate) continued to be used into the medieval period. Anglo Saxon pottery, a hearth and a glass bead have been found within the buffer, with a Norman-period motte and bailey castle constructed within the former Roman fort, now under St George's Church. A medieval Moot Hall is also recorded in this area. The church itself has a medieval crypt, but the majority of the building was rebuilt in the Victorian period. A Franciscan Friary was located to the immediate south of the site during the medieval period, with remains recorded during the construction of the canal and more recently in an evaluation to the south. Friars Bridge to the south may have been of medieval origin but was rebuilt in 1740. Towards the south edge of the buffer, the remains of medieval pottery manufacture and metalworking were found during excavations, probably within back yards of tenements. At the eastern edge of the buffer, archaeological investigation recorded the remains of a medieval boat yard and tenements. Activity at this site continued into the 15th century, then through the 16th to 18th centuries it was the site of butchery, tanning and horn working industries. A bone mill and steam-powered corn mill were recorded within the southeast part of the buffer in the mid-19th century. There have been 21 recorded events within the buffer zone, again mostly located to the south and east of the site. To the immediate east of the site, an archaeological watching brief at Friars Gate retrieved five worked masonry blocks providing tentative evidence for ecclesiastical structures in the vicinity. At the southeast edge of the buffer, excavations revealed the presence of shorefront structures on the northern bank of the River Don, probably dating to the 13th to 14th centuries. Pottery dating to the Roman and immediate post-conquest periods suggests that even earlier features may be present on the site below unexcavated layers of alluvium. On the 'town side' of the river the evaluation failed to locate any archaeological deposits or features of note. This may be the result of the severe truncation sustained in much of this area as a result of the presence of 19th and 20th century gasworks and associated buildings. Other events to the south of the site recorded substantial activity in the area from the Roman period, including the fort and possible vicus ditches, possible remains of an early medieval burh, and the medieval motte and bailey castle, as well as remains possibly associated with the Franciscan Friary and small-scale industrial activity in the yards of tenements. Remains of post-medieval activity included boundary features, structures, a late 18th-century water-driven pumping mill, and 16th- to 18th-century tanning activity. There are no Scheduled Monuments, listed buildings or registered parks and gardens within the site. One Scheduled Monument is at the southeast edge of the buffer, a surviving stretch of wall from Doncaster's Roman fort. Two listed buildings are also located within the southeast edge of the buffer, the grade I minster church of St George, and the grade II Clergy House. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire aerial mapping project did not record any features within the site. Areas of post-medieval ridge and furrow were plotted from a photograph taken in the 1950s to the northeast of the site and at the north edge of the buffer. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the majority of the site as a railway goods yard, with buildings dating to the mid-20th century and sidings on the site since the mid-19th century. The eastern edge of the site and part of the eastern buffer are part of a later 20th-century industrial area, including an abattoir and warehouses, with no legibility of the earlier landscape of piecemeal enclosure. Other character zones within the buffer include areas of drained wetland and regenerated scrubland at the northern edge, a municipal depot, retail park and caravan site to the west, warehouses in the suburban commercial core and railway plant works to the southwest, commercial, religious and college buildings to the south, and a canal wharf to the southeast. Light industrial buildings on the site of the medieval Franciscan Friary are located to the immediate south of the site.

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Two areas of historic landfill are recorded within the buffer, one at the southwest side and one at the northeast edge, both associated with the National Rail company. Recent aerial imagery (2017) shows the site occupied by works buildings and hard surfaced yards, adjacent to a railway line and crossed by the St George's Bridge flyover. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1852 OS town plan depicted railway sidings, a goods shed and coal staith in the western half of the site, with the eastern edge being part of an area of field to the south of Mill Dike. Further sidings had been added by 1906 and the site was labelled 'goods yard' in 1961. By 1970, a series of warehouses or works buildings had been constructed within the southern part of the site. No substantial changes were shown by 1989. Within the buffer, the 1852 town plan shows fields to the northeast of the site, and a railway line along the western boundary. Marsh Lane Junction was to the immediate southwest of the site, with another railway line heading north through the buffer. The site of the Franciscan Friary was shown within the area of the New Cut of the Don to the south of the site. Houses and inns were shown to the west of the railway and in the southeast edge of the buffer, with a dispensary, public baths, maltkiln to the south and the church of St George and associated buildings within the southeast part of the buffer. A tannery, bone mill, corn mill and wharf were located on the river frontage at the eastern edge of the buffer. A meander of the old course of the River Don was in the northern part of the buffer. Further housing had been built in the southwest buffer by 1894, and a large railway works building and a saw mill and timber yard were shown at the southwest edge. By 1906, the old course of the River Don had been infilled. Probable works buildings or storage warehouses were shown to the south of the site by 1930, and a horse repository was shown in the western part of the buffer. This area was shown as a Corporation Yard by 1937. A depot was shown to the immediate south of the site in 1961. The fields to the east and northeast of the site had largely been developed with warehouses and works buildings by 1970, with further buildings added by 1989.. Survival: Much of the site has been occupied by railway sidings since the mid-19th century, with goods warehouses constructed by 1970. Prior to this, the site is likely to have been fields within a loop of the old course of the River Don, and to the north of the site of a medieval Friary. The construction of the sidings and warehouses is likely to have caused some truncation of sub-surface deposits, but the buildings are not likely to have substantial foundations and investigations on nearby sites have shown that remains may be quite deeply buried by alluvial deposits. The site is close to the Roman and medieval core of Doncaster, and the potential for encountering archaeological remains is considered to be moderate to high. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations are likely to be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown. Remains associated with Roman to medieval activity could be considered to be of Local to Regional archaeological significance, depending on the extent, nature and condition.

Aerial Photographs& Lidar Summary: Aerial imagery from 2002-2017 shows the site occupied by rectangular works buildings mostly aligned north- south, with parking areas along the eastern side and within the southern part of the site. The western edge is bounded by a railway line, and the site is crossed by a flyover. Photograph/Lidar references: Google Earth 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2014, 2015 & 2017. Photographs transcribed by the Magnesian Limestone aerial mapping project: RAF/58/899 5096 19-Jun-1952.

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Statutory Designations Reference Name Designation/ Site? Buffer? ID Grade 1004797 Wall of Roman fort SAM Y 1151447 Minster Church of St George I Y 1286861 Clergy House II Y

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 00418/01 Site of medieval Founded pre-1284. Foundation of church found c1840 during Y Franciscan Friary, canal construction, along with copper working evidence and Doncaster bell-casting pit. An evaluation on Greyfriars Road identified a timber and stone building associated with the Friary with several phases of construction. A watching brief during piling suggested archaeological deposits survived below area excavated although these are likely to have been disturbed by the piles. 00424/01 Friar's Bridge, Rebuilt 1740. No remains visible. Y Doncaster 00456/01 Doncaster Castle The site of a motte and bailey castle dating to the medieval Y period. Nothing remains of the castle although the former motte has been located under the eastern end of St George's church. The surrounding ditch was 16 feet deep and 30 feet wide. The motte stood in north east corner of Roman fort, and it and the ditch had been levelled by c1200. 00457/01 St George's Church, St George's is an impressive Victorian church on the site of a Y Doncaster fine medieval building that was destroyed by fire in 1853. The only relic that survives of this earlier church is a vaulted crypt, roofed with medieval cross slabs. Burials from the early 18th to 19th century extension to the original graveyard were identified in the centre of Church Way during redevelopment. 00665/01 Danum Roman Fort The fort was established soon after 70AD and was of 9 1/2 Y at Doncaster acres, with timber buildings and a cobbled road. The original ditch and rampart have been located near St George's Church. The fort was abandoned but rebuilt on a smaller scale shortly before 160AD. The site was surrounded by an eight-foot wide defensive wall built of stones that appear to have been quarried a few miles to the west. A civil settlement lay to the south and west of the fort. 00665/02 Danum Wall A section of wall of the Roman fort was uncovered during Y excavation and left visible as a feature. 00784/01 Site of medieval Aisled building with rough stone footings constructed in 13th Y Moot hall, century, over a backfilled ditch around the castle motte. Doncaster Thought to be a Moot Hall. 02263/01 Anglo-Saxon period A sherd of decorated handmade Anglo-Saxon pot found in Y pottery, hearth and Doncaster during an excavation in 1970, associated with a pit, Doncaster town hearth and part of a structure. The pottery dates to the last centre quarter of 6th century. 02264/01 Anglo-Saxon period Sherd of pagan Saxon pottery from the Doncaster excavations, Y pottery, Doncaster not precisely the same location as the decorated sherd in town centre Magilton 1977 but found in same campaign. 02265/01 Anglo-Saxon period Dark green glass, irregular pale colour bonds. Accessioned as Y glass bead, Saxon. Found in Frenchgate 1908. Frenchgate,

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Doncaster 03946/01 Frenchgate Excavation revealed part of the Norman castle ditch, Y Medieval Pottery apparently filled during the 17th or 18th centuries. Medieval Kiln, Doncaster occupation to the west dated from the 13th century, with evidence for structures in the form of substantial postholes and some industrial activity. This included a kiln that produced Hallgate-type pottery as well as evidence for metalworking. This suggests the area was backyards of medieval tenements. 04197/01 Low Fisher Gate Medieval stone and timber wharf; 12th to 18th century river Y Medieval Stone side activity. The earliest structure dated to the later 12th and Timber Wharf century. At the end of the 12th-mid 13th century the area was and Associated divided into 3 tenements, with evidence of a smithing forge Structures, and a stone draw-dock providing easy access to the waterfront Doncaster for loading and unloading of boats. The tenements were used into the 14th century. A succession of timber buildings were built then replaced on this site throughout the 14th and 15th centuries, but in the 16th century a garden soil covered much of the site. Through the 16th and 18th century there was evidence of butchery, tanning and horn working. 04198/01 Roman and Sherds of medieval and Roman pottery, the latter Y Medieval Pottery predominantly of local origin but including one Samian sherd, from excavations in were recovered during evaluation. Doncaster 05016 Roman Road - Hall The likely route of a Roman road through Doncaster was Y Gate, High Street, identified by plan form analysis, and has been confirmed by French Gate, excavation in two locations on Hall Gate and High Street. The Doncaster cobbled road continued to be used into the Medieval period. 05022 Medieval Stone Stone building dating to the medieval period. The building had Y Building, Greyfriars a mortar floor and an outside cobbled surface. It may be Road associated with the nearby friary. 05077 Clay pipe kiln at Excavation in 1972 revealed a sub-rectangular pit, associated Y Church Street, with a roughly cobbled surface, identified as the base of a Doncaster - in use small kiln used to manufacture clay tobacco pipes. Wasters c.1768-1782 stamped 'Lumley' can be identified with the manufacturer Samuel Lumley, mentioned in a sale advertisement of 1782. 05464 Site of industrial Steam mill shown on riverside on 1854 OS map. Still visible Y period steam mill, 1906, gone by 1937. Grey Friar's Road, Doncaster 05465 Site of industrial Bone mill shown on waterfront on1854 OS map, still extant Y period bone mill, 1906. Seems to have gone by 1937. Grey Friar's Road, Doncaster ESY49 North Bridge Relief Five trenches were excavated within the present coach park, Y Road - trial off Low Fisher Gate and within the Market Car Park. The trenching trenches off Low Fisher Gate revealed a series of Medieval structures including walls and a possible wharf. The other area was of less archaeological interest, containing only some pits and ditches. This summary is from an interim report. ESY121 Archaeological An archaeological watching brief was carried out in 2005 Y Watching brief, St during the excavation of cable trenches and post-holes George's Minster, associated with the erection of floodlights. A few sherds of Doncaster unstratified Roman and post-mediaeval pottery) were recovered from the topsoil, no archaeological remains were encountered within the excavated trenches. ESY842 Excavations at Open-area excavation identified flour main phases of activity Y Church Walk (a.k.a. from early Roman occupation through to the post-medieval or early modern periods. This included features associated the

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Askews Print Shop) Roman fort, medieval tanning pits, crop-processing structures and domestic occupation, and also post -medieval tanning or tawing pits. Two large ditches of uncertain date and function were also recorded, which could relate to phases of the Roman fort(s), or early medieval/medieval boundaries. Despite a high degree of disturbance, the excavation results have provided important evidence of the chronological development of this key historical centre of Doncaster.. ESY843 Archaeological An archaeological evaluation recovered Roman pottery and Y Evaluation at ceramic building material, although no associated features Doncaster College, were identified. Discarded refuse from the fort immediately to Church View, the south is a likely source for this material. Definitive Doncaster, South evidence for occupation was not encountered until the late Yorkshire 13th to late 14th century, when a building with an internal mortar floor and external cobbled surface was constructed. By the post-medieval period, the area was in use as an orchard/garden before culverts were built as part of the re- routing of the River Cheswold by 1909. ESY858 Excavations at Low The excavations at Low Fisher Gate, Doncaster, South Y Fisher Gate, Yorkshire, produced a sequence of urban deposits dating from Doncaster, South the late 11/12th to the 18th century. These included riverside Yorkshire structures of early 13th century date, made in part from reused boat timbers, together with a series of superimposed phases of tenement building of 13th to 16th century date and some post-medieval features. The site seems to have had mixed domestic and industrial functions throughout its history. ESY859 Archaeological In advance of the construction of the North Bridge Relief Road Y Report on the Re- an archaeological evaluation was conducted of the Coach Park, Excavation of off Low Fisher Gate. Based upon the result of this, it was Trench B, Coach agreed that a full excavation should take place. In order that Park, Off Low the project could be designed, it was necessary that the depth Fisher Gate, of stratigraphy be determined, To this end a re-excavation of Doncaster, South Trench B was conducted. Yorkshire ESY861 Archaeological Archaeological trial trenching was carried out in two phases in Y Evaluation at the 2003, ahead of development of the Doncaster Interchange. A Proposed number of archaeological features were revealed, including Interchange Site, the Medieval town ditch, medieval pits, post-medieval Doncaster boundary features and the remains of a late 18th century water-driven pumping mill. The excavations also revealed the bank-side of the River Cheswold, adjacent to the pump. ESY862 Archaeological An archaeological watching brief was undertaken at Friars Y Watching Brief at Gate, Doncaster, during ground works associated with the Friars Gate, construction of a car park. Despite the development having Doncaster, South the potential to disturb the remains of a medieval friary, only Yorkshire modern deposits were impacted by the construction. Five worked masonry blocks were retrieved from uncertified deposits on the site providing tentative evidence for ecclesiastical structures in the vicinity. ESY863 Archaeological Mitigation comprised the excavation of two trenches and a Y Mitigation (Phase watching brief upon the excavation of pits for pile caps. III) at Doncaster Archaeological features revealed included the medieval town Interchange, South ditch, post -medieval boundary features and the remains of a Yorkshire late 18th century water-driven pumping mill, weir and stone reverted bank of the River Cheswold. In 1952 the River Cheswold was contained within a large brick culvert. This was exposed during its replacement by a concrete pipe, 5.5m below ground level. There were large areas of modern disturbance and relatively recent demolition deposits associated with construction of the car park.

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ESY864 Doncaster North Trial trench evaluation at the multi-storey car park and single Y Bridge Project, to the west of Grey Friars road recovered 15th to 17th century Flavian Ditch and pottery from the car park area along with a redeposited Multi-Storey Car prehistoric flint scraper. Possible deposited related to the later Park Evaluation Roman fort were identified in the other trench. ESY867 Archaeological An archaeological watching brief was conducted during works Y Watching Brief at along the waterfront in Doncaster town centre. No Doncaster archaeological remains were observed within the excavated Waterfront Project, bore hole cores or within the area excavated through test Doncaster, South pitting. Yorkshire ESY868 Archaeological An archaeological evaluation was undertaken ahead of Y Evaluation at development of a site at Doncaster Waterfront. The Doncaster excavations revealed the presence of shorefront structures on Waterfront, the northern bank of the River Don probably dating to the Doncaster, South 13th to 14th centuries. Pottery dating to the Roman and Yorkshire immediate post -conquest periods suggests that even earlier features may be present on the site below unexcavated layers of alluvium. On the 'town side' of the river the evaluation failed to locate any archaeological deposits or features of note. This may be the result of the severe truncation sustained in much of this area as a result of the construction of 19th and 20th century buildings. ESY881 Doncaster North Between 2000 and 2001 a programme of archaeological Y Bridge Relief Road mitigation was undertaken during construction works for the Doncaster North Bridge Project. A watching brief was carried out across this area. ESY897 A Geo- A geo-archaeological evaluation was undertaken in 2009 Y Archaeological ahead of a proposal to re-develop the site. The work involved Evaluation at The a programme of bore holding to record archaeological and Tesco Store, geological deposits. Despite having seen repeated Church View, development since the 19th century, the site retains good Doncaster, South potential for archaeological remains for the Roman period and Yorkshire very good potential for medieval and post-medieval remains. No deposits of proven archaeological significance were recorded by the investigation. ESY1029 Greyfriars Road Trenches and hand auguring. Auguring suggests further Y Evaluation archaeological deposits at a depth of 6.1 to 7.3mOD. ESY1030 Greyfriars Road Watching brief on piling. Y Doncaster Watching Brief on Piling ESY1034 Northbridge Relief Bore holes drilled for palaeoenvironmental sampling. Y Y Road Pollen Coring ESY1036 Tesco Six trenches were excavated across the area. The northern Y Supermarket, West most trench cut across the edge of the former course of the of Church View River Cheswold, and the area around it was heavily disturbed by Victorian cellars and foundations. The eastern most trench identified part of the line of the Roman fort, as well a part of the large Norman castle ditch. On the southern side of the site on slightly higher ground, around 2m of Roman and medieval stratigraphy remained undisturbed, and a layer of 2nd century pottery suggested the presence of a Roman building in the vicinity. The three trenches on the north-western side of the site indicated that this area had been marsh through the Roman period and most of the medieval period, and there was good preservation of organic material. Two ditches found on the site were sealed by successive cobbled surfaces, associated with Roman pottery, and these may correspond to probable

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vicus ditches previously discovered at St Sepulchre Gate. ESY1041 North of Clergy A research excavation was undertaken to the rear of Clergy Y Bridge House 1978 House in 1978, with the aim of locating the line of the north- west defences of the Roman forts, and a section of the robbed Roman wall foundations was recorded. A lime kiln was discovered in the centre of the excavation area, of a roughly circular shape, 2.8m in diameter at its base, and 1.3m deep. ESY1043 Church Street In 1967 a trench (site DC) was excavated running parallel to Y 1967-75 the eastern wall of Clergy House. At the north end of the trench were redeposited dumps of early Roman material, and underlying features had been truncated by the terracing of the area during the construction of Doncaster College. Medieval and post-medieval buildings and features were recorded. These included a wood-lined pit, which may have been used as part of the tanning process. More extensive excavation was carried out in 1972 and 1975 (site DX and DY). These identified the footings of the Roman wall, dug into by medieval pits and cuts across by a medieval cellar. The section of Roman wall has been conserved and left exposed, and is a designated Scheduled Monument. Also identified were the remains of a kiln from a late 18th century clay pipe manufactory. ESY1046 High Fisher Gate An archaeological excavation was undertaken in 1972, to the Y 1972 east of St George's Church. This identified the base of the ditch of the Roman Flavian era fort, and the shallow remains of a late Roman ditch. Parts of the inner and outer post-Roman 'burh' ditches were also identified. The inner 'burh' ditch was recorded about 4m below the modern ground surface. The edge of the ditch was within 2.5m of the foundations of the Roman wall. Pottery from the ditch included residual Roman pieces, a sherd of Saxon pot, and medieval Hallgate ware. This may suggest a process of infilling through the later 12th century, with the final infilling occurring in the 14th century

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY5859 Chappell Drive Industrial Area, Doncaster Other Industry Y Y HSY5860 Goods Yard, Friars Gate, Doncaster Train Depot/ Sidings Y Y HSY4425 Bentley Ings, Doncaster Drained Wetland Y HSY5717 Plant Works, Doncaster Other Industry Y HSY5796 St Georges Minster, Doncaster Religious (Worship) Y HSY5797 Technical College and College of Art, University or College Y Doncaster HSY5798 Superstore, (former French Gate area), North Shopping Centre Y Bridge Road, Doncaster HSY5832 Superstore, North Bridge Road, Doncaster Shopping Centre Y HSY5862 Former allotment site, Gashouse Bight, Regenerated Scrubland Y Doncaster HSY5866 Corporation Yard, Doncaster Municipal Depot Y HSY5867 North Gate Road (Marsh Gate Suburb area), Retail Park Y Doncaster HSY5868 Site of Franciscan Friary, Doncaster Other Industry Y HSY5891 Common Staith, Doncaster Canal or River Wharf Y

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HSY5899 Land around the New Cut, Doncaster Regenerated Scrubland Y HSY5915 Doncaster Station, Doncaster Train Station Y HSY5938 Caravan Site, Marsh Gate, Doncaster Romany or other Traveller Y Community site HSY5940 Large Warehouses south west of Marsh Gate, Commercial Core-Suburban Y Doncaster.

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Allocation Reference:1111 Area (Ha): 0.10 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SK 4934 9927 Site Name: Plot 2, Westmoreland Civic Engineering, Pitman Rd Settlement: Denaby

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Negligible Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation No archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - - Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest Yes Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Extensive n/a

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Allocation Reference: 1111 Area (Ha): 0.10 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SK 4934 9927 Site Name: Plot 2, Westmoreland Civic Engineering, Pitman Rd Settlement: Denaby

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments, findspots or events within the site or buffer. No listed buildings, Scheduled Monuments or registered parks and gardens are located within the site or buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project recorded features earthworks associated with a 19th- to 20th-century explosives and munitions works within the site and western half of the buffer. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site and most of the buffer as a modern industrial estate, developed following the closure of Denaby Main Colliery. The site was used as a 'Flameless Explosives Works' from 1891 to 1967. Further character zones within the eastern buffer are modern planned social housing estates. Recent aerial imagery (2018) shows the site as a hard-surfaced yard and storage area to the south of a works building fronting onto Pitman Road. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: In 1854, the site was shown as part of a field to the north of Coalpit Plantation. In 1892 an explosive works was shown to the west and south, and the site was part of a widen enclosure containing the work, but no features were shown within it. By 1906, a track or path was shown along the southern part of the site. The 1930 map did not show the works, depicting the site as part of a field again, though the works were shown on the 1958 map, suggesting this was a deliberate omission for security reasons. The 1958 map depicted a small rectangular building surrounded by earthwork bunds either within or just south of the site, possibly a storage magazine for explosives. This had been removed by 1972, when the site was a vacant area within the works. The site was still vacant in 1987, when Hill Top Road to the east had been laid out. Within the buffer, the 1854 map showed the area as fields, with Coalpit Plantation to the east. By 1892, the 'Flameless Explosive Works (Securite)' had been built to the west of the site, apparently with an internal rail network connecting the factory to a series of magazines set within blast wall banks. The railway continued south from the works into Coalpit Plantation east of the site, where two further magazines were shown. The 1930 map showed the area as fields and woodland, with a linear hollow to the south of Coalpit Plantation. This must have been a deliberate omission of the works, as they were shown on the 1956 map. By 1958 further magazines and blast walls had been built to the west of the site and a small building was shown within an enclosure to the northeast. By 1972, the munitions works appeared disused by 1972, with only a factory, warehouse and depot show within the site, though the earthwork blast walls and road network were still extant. Further works buildings had been built to the west by 1990 and a storage pond was shown to the southwest. Coalpit Wood had been partly built over by that date and had been entirely removed by 1994. Housing estates were shown at the eastern side of the buffer in 1972, extending further southwards by 1990. Survival: The site is a yard to the south of a works building. Given the relatively small area and the truncation likely to have been caused by preparation of the site for the industrial park development, the potential for the survival of archaeological remains is considered to be low. There are no visible signs of the earthwork bunds and possible explosives magazine shown in or near the site in the mid-20th century. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations are unlikely to be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Negligible.

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Aerial Photographs& Lidar Summary: Aerial imagery from 2002 shows the site as a strip of rough ground to the west of Hill Top Road and east of a modern works building. A row of trees ran along the eastern side of the site. By 2008, construction was underway to the immediate north of the site, with a new works building shown in 2009. A building had also been constructed to the south by 2008. The site was shows as a hard surfaced yard area to the south of the works from 2014-2018. Lidar shows only the level platform of the yard. Photograph/Lidar references: Google Earth 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009, 2015, 2017 & 2018. Lidar 2m DTM. Photographs transcribed by the Magnesian Limestone aerial mapping project: RAF/543/9F22 0325 19-Jun-1957.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY5321 Denaby Lane Industrial Estate, Denaby Main, Other Industry Y Y Doncaster HSY5318 Denaby Main village (former western Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y allotment section), Denaby Main, Doncaster HSY5320 Harrogate Drive area, Denaby Main, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y

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Allocation Reference: 1112 Area (Ha): 0.899 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 56130 14090 Site Name: Selby Road, Askern Settlement: Askern

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - - Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest Yes Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference: 1112 Area (Ha): 0.899 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 56130 14090 Site Name: Selby Road, Askern Settlement: Askern

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments, findspots or events within the site or buffer. There are no Scheduled Monuments, listed buildings or registered parks within the site or buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire aerial mapping project did not record any features within the site. A colliery and former brick and tile pits were plotted in the west and southwest areas of the buffer from photographs taken in the 1980s-90s, and ridge and furrow of probable post-medieval date was photographed to the northeast of the site in the 1940s. Historic Environment Characterisation records the current character of the site and most of the eastern half of the buffer as drained wetland enclosed in the early 19th century from the former Norton Common. Other character areas within the buffer include the site of Askern Main Colliery at the southwest edge, a modern plantation to the west, and the urban commercial core of Askern to the south. Recent aerial imagery (2015) shows the site as a single large field in rough grass coverage, with a verge of rougher grass, trees and shrubs along the eastern edge. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 OS map shows the site as within two fields field between Selby Road and a railway line. A railway line from Askern Quarry to the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway ran through the southeast edge of the site. By 1893 the quarry railway was no longer shown and the site was within a single field. The field was further expanded through the loss of boundaries to the south by 1961, but a verge along its eastern edge, adjacent to the railway had been separated off from the main field. This appeared unchanged by 1990. The 1854 OS map showed Askern Quarry (limestone) to the southwest of the site, which had a network of railway lines that connected to the main Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway running through the eastern part of the buffer. A group of buildings, probably farms and cottages, were shown southwest of the quarry, with the remainder of the buffer being fields. By 1893 the quarry railway had been removed and Selby Road was shown running through the quarry, which appeared to be disused. Two detached houses and a pair of semi-detached houses had been built towards the western side of the buffer, and a gas works was shown northwest of the site. Further north was a probable brickworks, with buildings labelled 'kilns' and a probable clay pit, in a plot between the railway and Selby Road. This appeared to be disused by 1902, and a small group of buildings were shown just to the northeast of the railway line close to the northern tip of the site. By 1932, Askern Main Colliery had been constructed just outside the southwest edge of the buffer, its spoil heap exending into the area northwest of the site. Allotment gardens were depicted between the former quarry and the spoil heap, and new housing and a school had been built between the colliery and Selby Road. No clear changes are shown on subsequent mapping up to 1990. Survival: The site appears to have been in agricultural use from at least the mid-19th century. Cultivation may have caused slight disturbance of sub-surface deposits, but in general the potential for the survival of buried remains is considered to be moderate to high. No archaeology has been recorded within the buffer, apart from ridge and furrow in the field to the northeast, so the potential for the presence of significant archaeological remains is unknown. There is the potential for remains associated with the Askern Quarry railway within the southeast part of the site. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations may be required if the site is brought forward for development.

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Significance: Unknown. Remains associated with the Askern Quarry railway could be considered to be of Local archaeological significance.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Aerial imagery from 2002-2015 shows the site as a field. In 2002, the main part of the field appeared to have been mowed, possibly associated with hay cultivation, whilst the eastern edge was separated off and in rough grass and tree coverage. By 2008, the main part of the field was also in rough grass coverage and the division was less distinct. Photograph/Lidar references: Google Earth imagery 2002, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 & 2015. Magnesian Limestone aerial mapping project: RAF/541/31 3459 18-May-1948; MAL/82012 0166 29-May-1982; SE5513/2 CCX 14249/6 16-Sep-1992

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY330 Norton Common Drained Wetland Y Y HSY331 Askern Main Colliery site Deep Shaft Coal Mine Y HSY354 Askern Town Centre Commercial Core-Urban Y HSY5670 Plantation north of Askern, Doncaster Plantation Y

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Allocation Reference: 1113 Area (Ha): 2.64 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5740 0107 Site Name: Carr Hill, Balby Carr Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event 1 event 2 records/2 events Cropmark/Lidar evidence No Yes Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Partial n/a

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Allocation Reference: 1113 Area (Ha): 2.64 Allocation Type: Employment NGR (centre): SE 5740 0107 Site Name: Carr Hill, Balby Carr Settlement: Doncaster Urban Area

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records one event within the site, trial trench evaluation within Zones B1-B3 and E at the First Point development. This identified a ring ditch and D-shaped enclosure, both located to the east of the site, which were fully excavated and found to be of Roman date. The ring ditch, possibly a barrow, and D-shaped enclosure containing a probable round house are also recorded as monuments within the buffer. The evaluation only appears to have covered the southern part of the site. It is likely that no features of archaeological interest were revealed in this area as no further excavation has been recorded within this part of the site; however, it is possible that further excavation was delayed until development takes place. No Scheduled Monuments or listed buildings are located within the site or buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project did not record any features within the site. Earthwork ridge and furrow remains were recorded at the south side of the buffer zone on a photograph dated to 1948, though the majority of this area has since been developed. A linear ditch of uncertain date was recorded in the area to the southeast of the site, within the Zone B2 area. This is likely to have been part of a Roman field system, with more extensive remains found during excavation of this area. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site as part of a large area of drained wetland retaining many historic field boundaries that probably resulted from the extensive drainage programme of the 17th century. Some of this character has been lost following more recent development of the area. Further character zones within the buffer comprise a sewage works, a sports ground, a large area of heavy metal trades and other works adjacent to the railway, where industrialisation began in the later 19th century, a school and planned social housing. Recent aerial imagery (2017) shows the site as largely rough ground between light industrial works buildings, with a narrow works building in the central area associated with a travelling crane. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 OS map showed the site as part of two fields, both similarly sized, rectangular fields suggestive of surveyed enclosure from former commons. One of the fields had been subdivided into two by 1892. The southernmost boundary was formed by a drainage ditch in a sinuous route, possibly a former stream. By 1961, a small works building was shown in the central part of the site, with a railway line leading southeast from the building, to Grass Road, outside the buffer. This is likely to have been the travelling crane still shown on mapping, probably associated with works buildings to the northwest. The crane building had extended eastwards by 1975. The remaining area of the site was shown as undeveloped, and the layout was unchanged by 1992. The function of the works is uncertain, but a travelling crane is shown on the recent OS map, presumably along the railway line. Within the buffer, the 1854 OS map showed mainly fields, regular surveyed enclosure to the north and more irregular fields to the south of the drain forming the southern boundary of the site, in an area called Wood Field. Cuckoo Lane or Common Lane ran through the southern edge of the buffer, and Balby Carr Bank through the northern edge. The 1903 map showed a building in a field to the northwest. By 1930 a sewage works established to the west by 1892 had extended into the buffer zone. Common Lane had been renamed Weston Road and Carr View Farm was shown at the southern edge of the buffer. By 1956, housing was under development to the south of the site, north of Weston Road. The 1961 map showed a large works building to the north of the site and sports ground to the northwest, which had expanded by 1984. Survival: Archaeological evaluation has been undertaken in the southern arm of the site. The Roman settlement and agricultural features recorded appear to have been located outside the site to the southeast, within Zone B2, where more extensive excavation was undertaken. The majority of the site has not been evaluated, and there is

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the potential similar remains to extend into this area. A travelling crane building within the northern area may have caused some sub-surface disturbance, but is unlikely to have deep foundations. The potential for encountering buried archaeology within this area is considered to be moderate. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown. Remains associated with Roman settlement and agriculture could be considered to be of Local to Regional significance depending on their extent, nature and condition.

Aerial Photographs & Lidar Summary: Aerial imagery from 2002 shows the small works building and railway line within the site. The surrounding area to the north, west and south was rough grassland, with trees along the drain/stream at the southern boundary. By 2008, the southern strip of the site had been stripped of vegetation and a new road had been built within it, to the south of the crane building. A new distribution warehouse was shown to the southeast of the site at that date. By 2014 a hard standing area had been laid out to the southwest of the site and by 2017 two new works buildings were shown to the south of the crane building, possibly to either side, or partially within the southern arm of the site. Lidar data predates the development to the south of the site, and shows the crane railway as a slightly raised bank. A drainage ditch runs around the north and east edges of the northwest part of the site, with a linear bank running along the southern edge of this part of the site. The possible stream at the southern boundary is shown as a sinuous hollow. Photograph/Lidar references: Google Earth 2002, 2003, 2008, 2009 & 2015. Lidar 1m DTM. Photographs transcribed by the Magnesian Limestone mapping project: RAF/541/170 4225 21-Sep-1948; OS/92256 0275 20-Jul-1992.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 05035 Romano-British Ring ditch identified during excavation. No finds were Y Ring Ditch, Balby associated with the feature, but it was radiocarbon dated to Carr the Roman period. The lack of an entrance into the enclosure may suggest this is a ditch for a ploughed out barrow. 05036 Enclosure and A 'D' shaped enclosure with other ditches running off it was Y Associated Round exposed during excavations. Within the enclosure was a ring House, Balby Carr ditch with an entrance to the northeast, suggestive of a round house drip gully. A single post hole was located within the ring ditch. Radiocarbon dating indicates the enclosure and ring ditch are contemporary and dated to the end of the first millennium BC. Small samples of burnt bone found after wet sieving of samples may represent the end result of food cooking and disposal. ESY1061 First Point, Balby Trial trenching uncovered a ring ditch and V-shaped ditch. The Y Y Carr, Doncaster ring ditch was then fully excavated. Further mitigation of area Areas B1, B2, B3, E with ditches - see ESY1062 ESY1062 First Point, Balby Area strip and excavation following a previous evaluation on Y Carr, Doncaster - the site (ESY1061). The full extent of the enclosure with V- B2 shaped ditch found in the evaluation phase was uncovered. This proved to be a D shaped enclosure surrounding a probable round house.

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SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4232 Balby, Loversall and Potteric Carr, Doncaster Drained Wetland Y Y HSY5277 Balby Carr Bank, Doncaster Metal Trades (Heavy) Y HSY5278 Carr Hill, Doncaster Sports Ground Y HSY5330 Balby Carr School, Balby, Doncaster School Y HSY5405 Balby Sewage Works, Balby, Doncaster Utilities Y HSY5417 Woodfield Road, Balby, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y

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Allocation Reference:1121 Area (Ha): 1.57 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6950 1455 Site Name: North Common Nurseries, Marshlands Rd Settlement: Thorne - Moorends

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Negligible Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - - Cropmark/Lidar evidence No No Cartographic features of interest No No Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference:1121 Area (Ha): 1.57 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6950 1455 Site Name: North Common Nurseries, Marshlands Rd Settlement: Thorne - Moorends

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR does not record any monuments, findspots or events within the site or buffer. There are no Scheduled Monuments, listed buildings or registered parks and gardens within the site or buffer. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire aerial mapping project did not record any features within the site or buffer. Historic Environment Characterisation records the present character of the site and the eastern part of the buffer as an area of drained wetland known as Thorne Cables, where 20th-century boundary loss has reduced the legibility of the long narrow 'intake' enclosures from wetland common. Further character zones within the buffer include further drained wetland on North Common to the west and later 20th-century private and social housing estates to the north and south. One area of historic landfill is recorded just extending into the southern tip of the buffer, a former brickworks site. Recent aerial imagery (2015) shows the site as a field of rough grass and scrub to the east of Marshland Road.. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 OS map shows the site as a field, bounded to the west by Thorne and Marshland Road and to the east by Moor Lane. In 1961, a narrow linear structure was shown within the centre of the north part of the field, with a track leading across the field from the southwest corner. Two small structures were also shown in the southwest corner. In 1971, the northern building had gone, but new buildings were shown along the southern side of the site, including two sheds in the central area and possible greenhouses in the southwest area. A building constructed to the immediate northwest of the site was labelled North Common Nurseries, and it is likely that the buildings within the site were associated with plant propagation. The same layout was shown in 1987. Within the buffer, the 1854 map shows fields surrounding the site, those to the east of Moor Lane being long, narrow rectangular strips, while the fields to the north, south and west were generally shorter but wider. Thorne and Marshlands Road, Broadbent Gate Road and Moor Lane were shown in the buffer, with Stacks Sike Bridge labelled to the northwest of the site. New Field House was shown in the northern part of the buffer in 1892, and a house named Moorville had been constructed to the south by 1906. By 1932, a small estate of semi-detached houses had been constructed to either side of Wilkinson Avenue to the immediate north of the site. In 1961, Broadgate Farm was shown to the southeast, with adjacent poultry houses north of the farm. By 1971, further housing had been built in the north and southwest parts of the buffer. Survival: The site has been in arable and horticultural use since at least the mid-19th century. The former structures within the site are likely to have been sheds and greenhouses associated with the nurseries, and these are unlikely to have caused substantial sub-surface disturbance. The conditions for the survival of archaeological remains are considered to be good. No archaeology has currently been recorded with the buffer, so the potential for encountering archaeological remains is considered to be moderate to low. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations may be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown.

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Aerial Photographs& Lidar Summary: Aerial imagery from 2002 shows the site as a grassed field, with a small collection of buildings along the centre of the southern side, possibly derelict pigsties. The site became successively more overgrown, with the sheds demolished by 2009 and their site mostly obscured by vegetation in 2015. The boundaries appear to be hedged. Lidar data does not show any clear earthwork features within the site. Within the buffer, the visible features are related to field drainage and former field boundaries. Photograph/Lidar references: Google Earth 2002, 2008, 2009 & 2015. Street View 2016. Lidar 2m DTM.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4395 Thorne Cables (Agglomerated section), Drained Wetland Y Y Thorne, Doncaster HSY4416 North Common, Thorne, Doncaster Drained Wetland Y HSY4654 'Tree Estate (Northern Section), Thorne, Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y Doncaster HSY4667 1970s estates to the south of Moorends Private Housing Estate Y village, Doncaster HSY5647 Coulman Street. Thorne, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y

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Allocation Reference:1122 Area (Ha): 2.51 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6475 0868 Site Name: Land to West of Ingram Road, Dunscroft Settlement: Hatfield - Stainforth

Allocation Recommendations

Archaeological significance of site Unknown Historic landscape significance Uncertain Suitability of site for allocation Uncertain archaeological constraint

Summary Within site Within buffer zone Scheduled Monument - - Listed Building - - SMR record/event - 3 records Cropmark/Lidar evidence Yes Yes Cartographic features of interest No Yes Estimated sub-surface disturbance Low n/a

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Allocation Reference:1122 Area (Ha): 2.51 Allocation Type: Housing NGR (centre): SE 6475 0868 Site Name: Land to West of Ingram Road, Dunscroft Settlement: Hatfield - Stainforth

Site assessment Known assets/character: The SMR records no monuments or events within the site. Three findspots are recorded within the buffer zone, comprising Roman pottery sherds, a Roman coin and a beehive quern all recovered from gardens off Broadway. The quern findspot may be misplaced on the SMR, as it is shown in a field south of the site rather than within a garden. There are no Scheduled Monuments, listed buildings or registered parks within the site or buffer zone. The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire Aerial Photographic Mapping Project records cropmarks of a trackway of probable Iron Age to Roman date within the site, aligned east-west and continuing west into the buffer. Further remains of extensive Iron Age to Roman field systems and trackways are recorded outside the buffer to the west and north. The Historic Environment Characterisation records the site and most of the buffer as surveyed enclosure from the former medieval Hatfield deer park. Despite the amalgamation of fields in the late 20th century, this area still retains a character of semi-regular straight sided enclosure associated with enclosure post-dating the dis- parkment of the deer park in the early 18th century. The eastern part of the buffer is dominated by 1930s social housing at Broadway, as well as a later 20th-century private housing estate and greenspace. Recent aerial imagery (2015) shows the site as half of a field in arable cultivation. Cartographic/historic land use assessment: The 1854 OS map shows the site as the eastern half of a field, with a bridle road running along the southern edge. A track was depicted along the eastern side of the field in 1892, leading to a building further north. In 1956, a boundary was shown along the western edge of the site, but this was not depicted in 1962. Within the buffer, the 1854 OS map showed the pattern of semi-regular enclosure around the site, part of an area known as 'The Parks' probably enclosed from Hatfield deer park. A building was shown in the field to the north, with a pump. This was named as Middle Parks Farm in 1930, when Broadway was first depicted in the eastern part of the buffer, with semi-detached housing to either side of the road. Further housing was under construction to the immediate west of the site in 1948, when a large sand pit was shown just outside the southwest edge of the buffer. By 1974, the area to the south of the site was mostly shown as rough ground, part of which had been converted into playing fields by 1992. Survival: The site has been a field since at least the mid-19th century, and cultivation may have caused some truncation to sub-surface deposits. The potential for the survival of buried archaeology below the zone impacted by ploughing is considered to be high. Cropmarks of extensive Iron Age to Roman field systems and trackways have been recorded just outside the buffer, and one trackway is plotted within the site. Roman artefacts have also been found to the east in gardens off the Broadway estate, indicating that there is likely to have been Roman settlement in the area. Further investigations: Further archaeological investigations are likely to be required if the site is brought forward for development. Significance: Unknown. Remains associated with Iron Age to Roman fields and settlement could be considered to be of Local to Regional depending on their extent, nature and condition.

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Aerial Photographs& Lidar Summary: Aerial imagery from 2002-2015 shows the site as half of a field in arable cultivation, with hedges along the north, west and south boundaries. The probable Iron Age/Roman trackway recorded by the Magnesian Limestone aerial mapping project is faintly visible as a cropmark in 2009, with a possible continuation into a field to the west. Lidar coverage shows only the existing field boundaries; no earlier boundaries or features are visible as earthworks within the site. Photograph/Lidar references: Google Earth 2002, 2008, 2009 & 2015. Lidar 1m DTM. Photographs transcribed by the Magnesian Limestone mapping project: MAL/60427 81729 21-Jun-1960.

SMR Record/event Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID 00672/01 Roman Pottery Roman sherds found in the garden of 178 Broadway, Y Sherds, Dunscroft Dunscroft. 00699/01 Undated Quern, Beehive quern, complete example found in 1942 from 334 Y Dunscroft Broadway, Dunscroft 01033/01 Roman Coin, Sestertius of Marcus Aurelius, A.D. 164-5, from garden of 216 Y Hatfield Broadway, Dunscroft.

SMR Historic Environment Characterisation Reference Name Details Site? Buffer? ID HSY4437 Hatfield Deer Park (putative location), Hatfield, Surveyed Enclosure Y Y Doncaster (Parliamentary/ Private) HSY4684 Broadway, Dunscroft, Doncaster Planned Estate (Social Housing) Y HSY4691 Greenspace fragment in Dunscroft/ Hatfield, Public Park Y Doncaster HSY4692 Former Heath Field, Hatfield, Doncaster Private Housing Estate Y

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